FOUK
Th OREGON STATESMAN, Salem, Oregon, Thursday Iondnjr. July 21, 1933
Q)rcjsoiiStatepatt
sjeaweysw4B MM .
Vo Favor Sways Us; No Fear Shall Aw$'
From first Statesman. March St. 1151 !
Charles A. Spragub
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO.
Charles A. Sprain,' Pres. - - ShaWoBr.8aeMttt.8ecT.
airmhr tt thm Associated freaa I
The) AMDdaM Pie to saeltislvely HthM tm the '"fP""0
mm r all amra dmMUbM erdll-U w tt r Ml Mrwta credited ta
this pr.
"Weather and Fire j
At Sweet Home, a sawmill was destroyed by; fire early
Tuesday morning The fire broke out after the .night shift
had left the mill, and was caused, the operators ! believe, by
friction of a conveyor belt which had come loose from its pul
ley. The great Tillamook region forest fire of a few years ago
was caused by friction of a cable, used in logging, on a stump.
Also on Tuesday in Linn county, large stores of nay in
two separate barns were menaced by the process which is un
scientifically called "spontaneous combustion." The nay in
one of these barns was keing removed as rapidly, as possible
in the hope of saving the barn; the hay was bursting into
flames as soon as it was exposed to the air. f : m
Throughout the Jnorthwest serious fires were being
fought, and the layman was blaming the heat wave. It played
a part of course : but foresters know that relative humidity is
a much more important factor. The figure denoting relative
humidity represents the percentage of moisture present m the
atmosphere with relation to the saturation pointy at which
clouds or fog would be formed; Heat does lower the relative
humidity by raising the saturation point; but wind and other
movement of air also plays a part in lowering humidity, in
contrast to the higher humidity of days we describe as sul-try,"-when
the air is still. On such days people are more un
comfortable but there is less danger of fire. - j
Discovery of the importance of relative humidity to dan
ger of fire has made it possible for foresters to gauge more
scientifically the fire danger at any given time. At present, of
course, conditions are extremely, hazardous throughout the
northwest This newer scientific basis for prediction makes
the warnings of foresters more authoritative. Logging and
sawmilling operators accept these warnings without ques
tion and shut down, either with or without official orders.
Similar heedf ulness on the part of the general public will help
to reduce the number of costly fires in the forests.
In the Willamette national forest to the east of Salem, a
general closure to all travel except on the North Santiam
highway acd the Breitenbush road is now in effect. Other en
try may bemade only by permit. Compliance with these re
strictions, and care about smoking even in cars along these
roads, will keep the visitor to the forests "in the clear" le
gally and may prevent acosthconfiagration. j
Transmission Lines to Be Built
Five transmission lines will be constructed for the dis
tribution of electric energy from Bonneville dam. One main
line will run from the dam to Coulee dam, interconnecting
these power plants and enabling, the government to buy ener
gy from itself for completing the construction at Coulee. An
other line, also 230 kilovolt, will run from the dam to Van
couver, Wash., on the north side of the Columbia, j From
Vancouver a line will run north to Kelso and Aberdeen and
south to Eugene. A line will run from the dam east to The
Dalles. The total cost of $10,750,000 is to be provided from
PWA funds. Two years will be required for the construction
work. . . ! I
Main transmission lines distributing energy at wholesale
will be of no value unless connections are made for distribu
tion. Who is going to buy this energy? J. D. Ross, adminis
trator, says he has the energy for sale to public; and private
purchasers. The power companies which have;tbe existing
distribution facilities have made no move to buy energy. Whe
ther the rates are not attractive, or whether they are holding
back for other reasons we do not know. Washington has
some public districts formed which will be in the market for
Bonneville energy. Oregon has none within the transmission
area.
it is not hard to foresee developments which will put
thirurs in a mess. It would be a silly waste to build the trans
mission lines and have no customers. Mere displacement of
present generating equipment represents an economic loss un
less a marked savincr results. Buildinsr public lines to parallel
existing lines is uneconomic
for "economic planning" which will utilize the energy oi .Bon
neville for the public welfare at a minimum of disaster to ex
isting investment. Those in authority, both federal and state,
ought to counsel with all interested parties to effect a wise so
lution of the Bonneville problem. !
ease I
c . ! .
Contemplating Creative Genius
Whoever appreciates genius, they tell us, shares to some
extent in it. Whoever enjoys a really great book or symphon
ic music, or is able to assimilate some new, brilliant idea pre
sented by writer or speaker, has in himself the principal el
ements of the ability which created those works and ideas.
It is a comforting thought, enabling those of us who
have not created mightily, to avoid envy. We Americans, hav
ing assimilated the idea that all men are created equal, dis
like intensely to admit mental inferiority. We do not so much
mind the idea of. physical inferiority because we may fall
back on the contention that mind is more important; and we
all have our defenses against any admission of social infer
iority although, as Ruggles of Red Gap concluded after deep
reflection, no one minds admitting that he has some social in
feriors. It is from admitting that there are persons superior
to ourselves that we rebel. " !
" But on the question of mentalityOw e are all touchy. There
are some "outs. We may point to the gifted one's greater op
portunity for education, for travel, for leisure to pursue cre
ative thought and practice. Or we may seize at the explana
tion of our former fellow townsman, Albert Richard Wetjen,
whose answer to questions about his literary success was the
one word "poverty. Economic necessity drove hira to
achievementor so he modestly contended. j I
It is true that some men create while others of apparent
ly equal talents gravitate to the role of critic. Perhaps it is
true that all who appreciate great thoughts and great works
have in them the germ of equal greatness. But they must lack .
some spark, some inward compulsion, possessed by those who
do create and achieve. That may be a spiritual, rather than a '
mental quality. One element of it may be determination, an
other may be energy and another may be courage. :
j . . ' -. I
When Bonneville power begins to get in Its real licks, we'll hare
electric chairs for files. At any rate the congressional committee in
restlgatlng the TV A found one in fall operation on a farm down there.
It consists of an electrified pan attached to the barn wall near each
eow'a stall. When a fly lights on it there is a sudden f'ping." a flash
of light and Mr. Fly falls dead upon a "mortuary pan' below.
The federal treasury la spending the summer scheming how It
can increase the tax on the "little fellow. This year the treasury is
ladling out the dough: next year It will be siphoning tt back. There's
no election la 1931! -
Congressmen visiting TV A territory met a farmer who had elec
trified his farm, lie told his visitors that use of electricity had saved
him the hiring of two men. Technology on the farm makes sociologi
cal problems as well as that in cities. - !
In 1931 forty per cent of babies
hero-worshippers of 0 years hence
birthplace shrines of the great?
Lost, strayed or stolen: Western Oregon's Seabreeze. Reward
will be paid for its prompt return to Willamette valley points.
Looking at the cuts In the paring for a new sewer on Court street
ca wonders if a slpper for parings couldn't b Invented.
Editor and Publisher.
duplication. The situation calls
were born In hospitals. Will the
be buying whole hospitals aa
; -.
f
Bite lor
Breakfast.
By R, J. HENDRICKS
California's first governor, 7-2 1-3 S
an Oregon man, highly praised
by great editor of Golden State:
He was our own Peter IL Burnett:
; , . v.
(Continuing from I yesterday: )
StUl quoting Governor Burnett:
"The people of California may
be aafely - trusted upon this sub
ject, for there are no people more
able, and willing to pay the Just
taxes necessary to support the
government . than ; they.- What
property tbej have commands a
high and ready price, paid In the
precious metals; and labor meets
such ample reward that no heal
thy man can complain of poverty.
The law protects every man In his
person ; and , property. For the
protection it girea his person he
ought to pay a capitation, or poll
tax, and for the protection it girea
his property, he ought of right to
pay a tax in proportion to its
amount and ralue.
"Governor Burnett then went
on with a curious device to secure
the payment of both these taxes,
from a populatic-" so migratory
and In many cases so transitory
as much of the population of Cal
ifornia was then. That was 'that
no individual who shall refuse to
pay his taxes, being able, when
they, shall be legally demanded,
shall bo permitted to bring a
civil suit in any conrt in this state
for the period of one year, and
not then until all arrearages are
paid.' In other words, whoever
would not pay the public debt he
owed the state should have no
means of collecting private debts
owned to himself.
,
iThese were old fashioned pre
cepts, of a simpler time and some
of them could no longer be ap
plied literally to the more com-,
plex conditions of public and prlv-;
ate life . today.
"But the principle behind them
Is sound and changeless. The In
terest In this particular formula
tion of that priciple Is merely his
toric. They happen to be the first
official words spoken In and to
the state of California. Other
wise they are no more important
than the same truths expressed at
any other time by anybody else.
Benjamin Franklin had done it
even better. The arithmetic does
it best of all. And because the
arithmetic is changeless; because
it rests on nobody's authority and
is repealable by nobody's rotes,
the precepts' based on it are like
wise permanert."
So ends the editorial article
taken from the San Francisco
Chronicle.
Regular readers of this column
know that Peter H. Burnett, first
governor of California, came to
Oregon with the 1843 covered
wagon train, the first cavalcade
of. the kind to bring their wagons
all the way through the'Apple
gate train."
V
Burnett, 'leader of a large con
tingent in the wagon train from
Weston, Mo., bad been Influential
in that state had served as pros
ecuting attorney, having been a
practicing lawyer.
When the thousand-odd people
of that wagon train organized
and adopted rules, preparatory to
making their epochal start, they
chose Peter H. Burnett captain
and J. W. Nesmith orderly ser
geant. They both became national
figures, as did several other mem
bers, not overlooking the Apple
gates. Later, John Gantt. a "mountain
man. who knew the .trail, was
made captain of the leading sec
tion of the train, and Jesse Apple
gate of the "cow column," the fol
lowing section."
Burnett came quickly into lead
ership positions In the Oregon
country. At the first election at
the polls of officials of the pro
visional government. In; 1844
(May 14), he was chosen a mem
ber of the unicameral legislature
of eight members,, then called
legislative committee. Only
three districts (as what became
counties were then called) were
represented, four of the members
from Tualatin district, of which
Burnett was one. A. L. Lovejoy
was from the Clackamas district,
the other three from Champoeg
district, that became Marion coun
ty. The three were Daniel Waldo
T. D. Kaiser, Robert Newell. New
ell had been a mountain man and
had an Indian wife. The other
two were of the 1843 wagon train.
They all' of; course brought their
white wires with them. Though
some brought colored slares.
Any Oregonian who has not
read the gorernors message to
that first elected Oregon: legis
lature (1844) should do so.. Tt
is found at page 429, first rolume
of Bancoft's Oregon History. The
goTernors. message Is not a typo
graphical error. There were
three gorernors then, elected on
the same date as the eight legis
lators. May 14. They were P. O.
Stewart, Osborne i Russell and W.
J. Bailey. The last named,' Dr.
Bailey,. English, was a well edu
cated man. though he drank, too
much alcohol and was not a good
husband. Russell was a "moun
tain man. born In Maine, as well
trained as Bailey, and In 1 ablts
and character much, superior.
Stewart came with the 1843 im
migration, and was worthy. They
were the second and last of the
triumvirate the . three ; governor
functionaries. That one and only
governors' message was a gem,
worthy of its unique place in Ore
gon history.
.V' 'r
The committee on rules of that
first Oregon legislature elected at
the polls, with its eight members
It was entitled to nine but Yam
hill district did not elect con
sisted of Burnett. Daniel Waldo
and A. L, Lore joy. Waldo was
the pioneer whose name lives In
the Waldo Hills. Lovejoy was
the man of the '42 Immigration
who turned back at Waiilatpu and
went with Dr. Whitman on that
perilous and famed winter jour
ney across the plains, missing
death a dosen times. That com
... -a. rv x n j i
l i r l 7
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m it tee had one of t h biggest
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: (Continued tomorrow.)
British Troops
j
J Armbsj coatrttmt to
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"1
1 1 -ferr
) t '
British troops massed at strategic points In Palestine following; fresh
outbreaks between Jews and Axaba to. which, snany vrere killed and
scores wounded. Street sniping' and bombings marked the reign of
terror which was worst la Haifa, Jerusalem and Tel-Arir. British
force w taxed to Us) vtmdst to orsrent ooexx dra war as minia
" Japan Relinquishes Olympic Games?'
AS
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Women Hold Picnic
ROBERTS Tbs Women's club
of Union Hill held a picnic at
Rirerdale park Sunday.
w Reign of Terror in
vlfev.v-". woy.-:-. 7 :-.--A -r "
Triirt-'---TrJ- --TTinni'ii
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ture battles broke oat In the streets of many of the principal cities.
Two British warships, the Emerald and Repulse, were ordered to
Haifa where the situation was most oertous. Botn Jews and Arabs
adopted! aa tmeoarproinlsinr stand, Arabs fa other sections of the
Hear East feackjax their trotier la Palestine with contributions.
Interpreting the New
By MARK
s iAVONDALE, Chester County,
Pa.. July 20 Here in eastern
Fennsylrania Is or '' was tbe
cdantry of the spring house;
her- they - were more common
than, elsewhere and more solidly
built. The - spring house belt
ran from southern New York
state through Pennsylrania and
Maryland to - the Potomac river.
I nerer saw one "in rsew Eng
land, nor in the west or south.
thourh my observation may be
lnttomnlete.
lerel country they could
hardly be the existence of them
depended on springs, which as a
rule bubble up only on the slopes
of hills in rolling country.
Around the spring, were built
wails of strong masonry and orer
it J a , bight roof. The one on
tWs farm, and many others in
eastern Pennsylvania, had a sec
ond st dry: It was In act a
small house. Around it, to shade
its and help keep It ' cool, : were
nlanted maple - trees: on some
farms a few oaks or beeches or
locusts of the original forest
were kept.
Center of Actirity :
;-When I .was a boy here the
spring house. was a principal
scene of farm activity. After
milking each morning and ere
nlng. the milk, contained in shal
low tin palls, was set on iiat
stones to cool it was the only
refrigeration we knew. Once a
wiek the accumulation i was
skimmed the cream that had
come to the top lifted off with
a ."skimmer" a shallow, circular,
rimless vessel of this metal with
holes In the bottom, through
which the watery part of the
cream would, drip back into the
pail. .
4The cream -was put into the
chturn. The one we nsed was a
barrel-shaped ressel, smaller than
a .'barrel but larger than a keg.
Churning was a plodding chore;
the task was frequently mine.
After the butter had "come," my
mother would take It out and
knead it in a mass until the last
tr$ee of liquid was squeezed out.
Then she would take In her
left hand the butter mold, a cir
cular wooden disk about three
inches in diameter, upon the top
of which was a pattern deeply
cut in the wood the pattern on
ours was a large strawberry.
Using this as a base, she would
build upon it short, large-hot
togmed cones, weighing a pound
Cg.ch. These, the following day,
my father would, take to market
ire the city, together with other
farm products.
I i Tha residue from the skimming
and churning, the skimmed milk
and the buttermilk, remained in
the spring house. They, with
the fresh milk, were incidents
of the family diet. After the
sElmmed milk had stood in the
COol water a few days, it turned
Into 'thick gobs ot curds at the
top", with watery whey beneath
i4-we called It "bonny clabber"
another name Is "cottage cheese."
A term nsed by the Pennsylvania
Dutch was "Schmierkase." Along
with the varieties of milk In the
spring house where frequently
Hce puddings and other forms
of cooked food set there to cool
A?t any time, except perhaps the
day after tbe weekly churning
a' troop of hungry men could
make an ample meal without
leaving the spring house.
J i It's Obsolete Now
; r The spring house continued
li use, on our farm, until about
three years ago. Long after we
had ceased to churn our own
blitter, after we had begun to
snd our milk to the city every
day, it was put in the spring
house to cool before shipment,
But the company that bought
the milk kept advancing the
Standard of coolness which -the
tajik must hare at the moment
of delivery at the Kaiiroaa sia
tfon. Finally they said the milk
must hare a temperature not
greater than 60 degrees. That.
the ancient spring house could
achieve. Thereup there oecurredJ
hi times of hottest weather, and
considering the trip to the rail
road station that was more than
under our eyes an abdication of
nature to invention, of the old
to the new. One of man's old
est ways ot life gave way to one
of the most modern we set up
an ; electric . cooling apparatus in
the barn.
Holy Land
BritiiSi troops patrol Jerusalem
SULLIVAN
Since then, the old spring
house has been out of use. Not
once In a week does anyone en
ter it, even for a drink of wa
tr. In the eaves, the birds have
undisturbed nesting places. At
nightfall the j chimney swallows
circle merrily j about. From the
ridge of the roof at night an oc
casional owl cries his melancholy
"who-oo." Within the pool is se
rene and still. From it, a tiny
stream trickles out to keep moist
a spot where mint growg wild.
Below, it flows into a' bit of
marshy land, w here, in early
March, the cry ot the "knee
deeps" -heralds the coming of
spring.
Masons Are Scarce
For the sake ot sentiment and
appearance, we keep, the old
spring house in order. About a
year ago we noticed that one
of the walls needed straighten
ing and some rebuilding. But
during the whole year, we have
been' unable to get the work
done. The two or three masons
uuiu uisisuco vi several miiva
are busy and much sought after;
jobs that can wait are postponed.
It is the same with Jobs of car
pentering. . ,
It occurs to me to wonder
whether American youth has not
taken too exclusively to white
collar Jobs. Masonry and car
pentering re agreeable work,
and much better paid than any
comparable indoor Jobs. And it-
is my strong conviction that,
over the past generation, too
many .youths hare gone to the
cities too many for their own
good .as individuals, and. too
many for the good of the coun
try. : Excessive migration to ci
ties Is one of the causes of the
commotion through which the
country Is passing.
New York Herald Tribune Syn
dicate.
The Safety
Valve
Letters from
StatesmanReaders
A CORRECTION
To the Editor:
It is only fair to me, as well
as the members of the democratic
county central committee of Mar
ion county, that you correct a
statement in your Issue of July.
17, in which you state that two
contested Mr. Bayne's election for
state committeeman, while . In
stead, it was Mr. Bayne who con
tested mine.
Mr. Kenneth Bayne was never
elected. The minutes of the
county central committee meet
ing were submitted to the creden
tials committee ot the state com
mittee. That committee compos
ed of old line democrats, most
all of them lawyers, ruled by a
unanimous Tote that according to
the state law of Oregon as well as
Roberts Rules ot Order, D. J.
Richards was elected state com
mitteeman and the only authoriz
ed state committeeman for Mar
ion county.
A courtesy , vote was given to
the three women present for
that meeting only.
D. J. RICHARDS.
Ten Years Ago
July 21, 102
Roy O. West of Chicago waa
appointed by President Coolidge
to be secretary of the interior
to succeed Hubert Work.
H. F. Durham, principal ot
Parrish junior high school, will
be in Monmouth today to attend
the educational conference to be
held today.
Frank Neer and Harry Scott
were in charge or t Lion's picnic
held at Rickreair with Inde
pendence Lions joining local
group. ".
Queen's Ball Is
It
MT. ANGEL A special fea
ture of the queen candidates' ,
ball, scheduled for Thursday
night at the Mt. Angel audito
rium, will be the ceremony at
which R. E. (Earl) Riley, Port
land city commissioner, will be
received Into the order of thf
Flaxarians- as the first honorary
member. - "
; This honor Is being bestowed
on the Rose City commissioner
in recognition of. his outstanding
service to this community.
He has been untiring in his
efforts to advance the interests
of the Oregon flax industry and
has given much time to bringing
the Mt. Angel flax festival to
the notice ot tbe people of Port
land. Music will be furnished by
Bolton McMahon and his dance
band of Portland.
Scouts' Mothers
Plan Benefit Tea
DALLAS The Boy Scout
Mother's club was entertained at
the home of M r a . Howard J.
Eastman Monday afternoon.
-A business .meeting .was held
with the president, Mrs. Harry
Pinkerton, presiding. Commit
tees were appointed and plans
completed for a benefit tea tc
be siren In the gardens ot tbe
Robert Van Orsdel home Thurs
day afternoon, July 28, from 2
to 9 clock. David Waits and
Jimmie Boydston tied tor first
place In making the most ad
rancement in Troop 4 for the
past six months and will receive
the award given by the club for
this achievement, it was an
nounced at this meeting.
A pleasant social time and tea
hour followed. Mrs. Lee Borland
assisted the hostess in serving.
Tonigi