tdtemuati
"Ao Facor Sicay Us; No Fear Shall AuteT
- From First Statesman. March 2. 1851
Charles A. Spkague
Editor ard i'ubliaher
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO.:
m Charles A Sprague. Pre. Sheldon f. Sackett. Secy.
Mriuber of th AssocUtrd Irc 1 .",
u. The Aunt-bilnl Hrewe) ia exrluslvt-ly entRk-d to h as for pubil-ev-
' Won of aU newra diapwtrh- erwlit-a to It or nut otlwi wia cn-ditcU In
ttna . p;ilr. : - ' i i : :
Plays of "Social Significance"
uysis when it
majority that
propaganda'
The recently formed' "Institute for Propaganda Anal
ysts" which was incubated on FUene money j calls for more
motion -pictures developing social values than the run-of-mine
products which came out of the film capitals. It says in its cur-.
rent letter: - ..- -;' I t "
j "The motion picture dramatist, the letter says, "secures
y stock responses by appeals to our interest In sex and sentlmental
, ity; violence and excitement; nationalistic symbols;: sweetness,
- optimism and happy endings; wiaftsfulflliment through reveries
..and day-dreams, popular prejudices. These' appeals and Interests
are combined in popular stereotypes which can play' significant
parts in conscious and unconscious propaganda.' - - ;
The Institute seems to depart from mere analysi
recommends : - ' : . . i j i
"To ask that the motion picture should contribute to social
enlightenment Is to ask no more than that It should do something
'which has .always been done by great novelists and dramatists.
It is asking that the Industry should do more of what j it has al
4 ready done so well in such films as The Life of Emile Zola.' The
J success ot such films proves that public taste is capable of appre
ciating films of much greater social value than the
are produced by the Industry' . - j
. ,- And then what a glorious opportunity for
there would be. One can imagine how anxious the carpenters
. of the "Federal Theatrewould be to lay out the plots for
Hollywood. And the pro-nVzis And the pro-f ascists "would like
their chance too. The public would be bombarded with films
loaded with right .or left gospel, and the technicolor work
would be done wjth missionary zeal for laying ori the heavy
pierment. - :
f The garment makers union in New York Some time ago
decided to work up a play "of social significance." When, one
was prepared it was rather scorned because it iwasn t enough
of a tract. The workers were induced to perform it however,
and it has developed into a very creditable performance with
enough art to make it survive along with its coating of "social
significance." Ml !-
H Most people go to shows for entertainment. There was
the case of the working woman who went toi the library and
asked for a book "something about kings and queens." Aft
er! she had worked hard all day long she wanted release into a
fictional paradise. Movie audiences can take it tougher than
that, but a full diet of "social significance" would soon' cause
indigestion. I
Some of pictures along these lines have caused protests
and stirred up antagonisms. Spanish films were barred in
Vaea, Cal., and in Pennsylvania. March of Time's German
f reel was pulled off in. some cities. Socially significant "films
; re "educational" if they favor your side; they: are vile prop
aganda if they favor the other side in these days of social ten
sions. . ' f
, . There is a place to be sure for the great plays, and if they
carry great messages so much the better. "Dead Etd" was so
cially significant, as was "Emile Zola" and "The Good Earth."
They won because of their genuine merit, not because of any
attempt at propaganda.
Bits for ;
Breakfast
By R. J. HENDRICKS
Corporation as Person?
Attorney General Cummineshas aDtointed Thurman
Arnold, professor of law at Yale university, as assistant at
torney; general to succeed Robert H. Jackson, j new solicitor
general. Presumably it will be Arnold s job to take up Jack
aon'a job of trust-busting. Arnold is author of the new "Folk
lore of Capitalism" book which has excited thej admiration of
the new dealers; and the appointment gives him an'opportun-
lty to exploit his theories with the national capital as sound
ing board.
i j Arnold's book, as previously noted in this column, at
tempts to explode the idea that the corporation is a legal per-
sioa and as such entitled to protection under the fifth and
14th amendments to the constitution, which protect a "per
son" in hisjife liberty and property. Whether he will seek to
apply this conception to busting corporations we do not know.
Jackson himself got no farther than making bitter speeches.
He busted no trusts, has made only one start, in the Aluminum
company case. M i
! The probability is that Arnold is being summoned to
Washington as a fresh reenforcement for the brain trust,
which by now is pretty well fagged out. Cohen and Corcoran
J k TT i !! a 1 I A i. ll
ana jeon nenaerson sun suck arouna, dui maype ineir wares
are a bit stale. Arnold, as fresh iconoclast, may be needed to
whet the jaded appetite of the chief, executive for new politi
cal and economic notions. If Arnold tears out to outlaw cor
porations, in defiance of court decisions over! half a century,
he will prove a wilder idea-man than Jackson and Ickes com
bined. - ; ; ; : ." . - ,
v Water i Board Earnings
" ; ; Oh the basis of. present gross and net earnings the water
board anticipates a residue available for improvements of
$255,250 during the seven-year period through 1944. This is
after meeting interest, sinking fund requirements: on bond is
sue and bond maturities. This makes an average of ;about
$50,000 a year. ! ; - !
j The water system has not been entirely reconstructed to
meet the recommendations of the fire underwriters. A line
down past the capitot to connect with the Liberty street main
is needed t also the Front street larger mam needs to be in
; stalled, as well as other lines nrovidinor hieher pressure in the
business and industrial districtsJjThese jobs can be done one
i at a time as money is available. ';". - i i
It is tempting to sell some bonds and take advantage o
' WPA to push the work ahead: but the amount of bonds al
ready issued is large. S2L300.0004 To issue more would put a
. heavier load on the system's earnings It is better to have a
considerable margin of surplus earnings to act as a cushion
than to be short of revenues and have to raise rates,
I i
, Austin Fliegel, attorney for the liquor commission, admitted that
; as promoter of temperance the Knox law had failedV Consumption of
: hard liquors increased 15 per cent last year. It's the mood of the times.
A Salem man visited some new houses in Portland recently, and said
seven out ot the eight he saw had cocktail bars. That's! quite a contrast
: from the homes of a half century ago which had' a family altar and
: whose habitants never heard of a cocktail bar. Even the old man had
to hide his quart bottle under a lose board in the -woodshed floor.
, Now smart alee dames toss off potent highballs and call for a repeat-
er. Alcoholic parents don't give the kiddies of the coming generation
very good start. ; ;v . r-. v , ; j-
Confinement In a German concentration' camp is one f rm of pro
; loaged torture, and that ia the punishment being meted but to Pastor
' Kiemoeller,. the brave German Lutheran clergyman who dared . defy
the aazi edicts for the submergence of the church in the regime. The
nazis didn't have nerve to order hia execution, and he was ordered set
free by the police. But the dread Gestapo, Germany's G-men several
octaves down, took him la charge and pat him Into a concentration
camp. He Is about the only pastor is Germany who shows willingness
to undergo persecution to the death for his religious faith. Others lack
his courage or else don't think their religion Is worth suffering for.
The Three E's of Traffic Safety
. Miss Jeanette Rankin, whopoke on peace at the high school the
other sight, uttered a real truth when she said yon can't get peace by
passing a law but only by a positive public opinion tor peace. ' Too
many people Lave thought they could get peace automaticaUy by ad
opting the Kellogg pact,- or. the neutrality act, or the amendment to
limit the powers ot congress to declare war, Unless people have the
wiil far peace legal barriers may swiftly be swept away. J Pressures of
public opinion are pretty nearly Irresistible no matter what the form
of government. Even dictators run when the pressure gets too hot,
President Roosevelt says that after fire years the old ship of state
Is still on the same course. If so, who is it that Is jimmying the rudder?
General Pershing fooled his doctors,
dinger, he ordered stew lor lunch.
He must be getting out of
Two questions: when . 3-S-3S
and where did paving
begin In Salem? And who
was inventor of the reaper? -
I V j
(Continuing from yesterday:)
At 16, Cyrus H. McCormick found
that his boyish frame was insuf
ficient to swing a heavy cradle in
harvesting; so he made a smaller
implement ! to suit his, slight mus
cles. At 18, he made himself some
needed surveying Instruments,
and at that age he Invented a hill
side plow;! his first major contri
bution to I agriculture, i He was
much employed in his father's
blacksmith: shop.
S S !!
. Robert McCormick, the father,
in the period from 1809 to 1816,
made the first of several attempts
to build a mechanical reaper. Un
fortunately; i it failed to cut the
grain. The! son aided the father
during the! latter years of hia ex
perimenting. Cyrus at least learn
ed in these trials what pitfalls to
avoid. ;
The son did not start on his in
dependent experiments until the
father had admitted utter failure.
This was in May,; 1831. Between
that time And July the son, con
ceiving his own newi principles,
built one or, more models, and de
veloped a machine which cut grain
successfully. Says the book from
which the writer is quoting:
"His (Cyrus') mind was fresh.
He did not enow that for years
many men j had been toiling to
solve the problem of the .reaper,,
or that before his time many-futile
reaper patents had been issued jn
England and America. He hffd
never heard of Pitt's work nearly
50 years before, nor of Bell and
Ogle, nor did he know of Man
ning who had already patented
certain of the features he was' to
discover for himself and incorpor
ate In his own machine. His sole
experience was with his father's
unsuccessful attempt; his prime
asset was the power of his own
tremendous will driving his imag
ination on k to accomplishment.
He. had set to work in the old
blacksmith shop, cutting and fa
shioning wood and bending into
shape the few iron pieces of the
machine. His first reaper was built
in six weeks at most." (The
blacksmith shop still stands as it
did in 1831. The book has a. half
tone picture of it; made from a
photography of course.; Photo
graphs cannot lie: or could not
till the day t of the "movies.")
Jo Anderson the Negro slave.
worked with him. In later times,
when Jo's (productive days were
over, the IMcCormicks provided
tenderly for his declining years.
In chapter -2 of "The Century of
the Reaper' its author says:
The- significance of the 1831
test ot thej original reaper is not
that Cyrus i Hall Mccormick's ma
chine cut grain. : Judging by the
harvest standards of today, it Is
certain that it did not perform
perfectly, i ' i i
But then, for the firstHime in
an history a mechanical reaper
cut grain and at the same time
included iq its being the funda
mental elements essential-to pro
per harvesting.
In 1831 and for several years
thereafter, f CyrUs . had not the
slightest Idea that he was not the
sole and original discoverer of
every one !of those cardinal ele
ments. Actually he initiated them
an independently and alone.
.. 1 s
After a1 journey to Kentucky
in am rather a interests : be re
turned to Walnut Grove in the
spring of 1832 and set to work to
Improve hte original - reaper .
A school principal pompously an
nounced that tne reaper was
worth a hundred thousand dol
lars, whereupon Cyrus dryly re
marked that he would gladly sell
it for half that much. (That was
mere chicken feed to what it did
turn out to be worth.)
(The reaper had in 1832 har
vested six acres of wheat In one
afternoon: i did better work than
in 1831.) !
' - .1 S
"The experiments ' continned
during 1833. Cyrus built anoth
er. larger reaper, and with it and
the 1832 model he cut the Wal
nut Grovel grain as well as the
wheat of several neighbors. .
"The reaper was patented in
1834. He had seen a picture of
reaper patented by Obed Hus-
sey." ?.
Jn addition to work in the
blacksmith ; shop. Cyrus began to
operate on his own account a farm
his father had given him. Neigh
boring farmers gave testimonials
on the performance of his reaper,
but bought! none. He secured the
aid ot his father and a neighbor
to build a furnace and engage In
making pig iron. For a while he
prospered, but by 1839 the effects
ofthe 1837 'panic bore down on
his little Industry. Cyrus had been
making his hillside plows at a pro
fit. Father! and son were wiped
eut by the collapse In the panic
price of iron. Half their land went
to their creditors, the rest was
mortgaged, and nothing remained
but the reaner patent which no
body wanted. ;
After the pig Iron disaster, Cy
rus resurrected his old ! reapers
He turned his attention' to im
provements. In 1840 he made his
first real reaper sales. He sold
two to farmers who came from
considerable distances, in Virgin
ia. He spent the 1841 harvest sea
son in experiments, improving
his reaper. In 1842 he sold seven
reapers, at $100 each, and 29 in
1843. and the next year SO farm
ers bought machines from him.
Up to then all : the machines
were built in the old blacksmith
shop on the farm. In 1843 his
patent controversy with Obed
Hussey began. Hussey had estab
lished himself at Baltimore and
made and sold reapers. But they
were poor machines,; compared
with HcCormick's. Says the book
-However bitter a critic Htts-
sey was, he was an honest old war
rior. He Invariable refused to
equip bis raper with a reel be-1
1 (Turn to page 5)
r -
Radio Programs
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' KEX STJUDAT 1180 Kc.
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Valve .
Letters from
Statesman Readers
Willamette Valley and Heaven
It ia springtime in the valley
Where the crystal river flows;
Where the laurel and the holly
And the stately, fir tree grows.
The crocuses and daffodils
Are smiling at the sky,
- Ana tne songs of lark and robin
Make one feel that God is nigh.
- ' !'!' . 1 ,1
Soon the roses will be blooming.
Ana the rhododendrons, too;
Ana the bosom of Willamette
Will reflect a deeper blue;
The sum will shine in splendor
Ana aii nature win rejoice.
And me thinks if yon w ll listen
ion may near the Master's voice:
1--' - . !'
Oh. be not discouraged chll
: dren t- i -
By the raging storms and; vtrlfe.
By the sorrows anff the
troubles
That make up so much of life,
But remember that God' hea
ven I
Is morej glorious by far '1
Than; all this earthly beauty
And this shining rive- are. '
C. D. CH1I.DS.
3:00 Catholic Honr.
3 ::iO llaven MacQuarrie.
4:0O-r-Mua4c l-jr Cugat.
4:15--Catholie Truth Hour.
4:30 Feg Murray.
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6:15 to 8:0 Silent to KOB.
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8:30 Chis Paree Orchestra.
8:43 2ews.
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To 12:00 Weather and Police Reports.
EOIN SXTNDAT 9 40 Kc
8 :00 -West Coast Church.
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'Family.
9:30 Salt Lake Tabernacle.'
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11:30 Rainbow's End.
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Oddities in tk News.
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: 15 Stars of Today.
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Te 12 Complete Weather Reports.
On the Record
- By DOROTHY THOMlJSON
MriT'Tiir iirttwfi
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6:35 KOIN Kloek. Ivan, Walter and
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8:15 This nd That with Art Kirkhim
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9:45 Our Gil Sunday.
10:00 Betty and Bob.
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10:80 Arnold Grimm's Daughter.
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ll:;-.0 Aairricaa &rhl of the Air.
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1:00 Mrt and Marge.
1:1S Pre:ty Kitty KeUj.
1:30 Judy and Jane..
1:45 Homenikersl laslitete-niih Jean
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8:00 KOIN Sews Service.
Tthvthm and Romance.
J;S0 News Throug'a a Woman's Eyes.
2:43 Hilltop Hoosev
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J:15 Dest Taehei. -3
;S0 'Newspaper of the Air.
A PAREXT8 REVOLT
t have been f olio wins I the re
ports from the Convention, of the
American Association of School
'-iA d mlnUtratori
at AUantic City
with a j great
deal of interest.
Anil If ft A at. KAOIt
Baaa aaa aw sm
i h e a r t enlng to
-f find a few harsh
words spoken
there by teach
ers, apropos the
present ays tern
of American ed
ucation. Accord
Dwretkt Tboapen ing i to i the re
ports, the group who called them
selves "E ssentlalist s" were
promptly reprimanded by the
Teachers' College group, who ac
cused them of drawing I support
from "political and economic re
actionaries" (The words are Pro
fessor. Dewey's).
But I think it would be well for
the Progressivists to pay some
close attention to what the Essen-
tialists say. For, unless I read the
signs ot the times incorrectly,
there is brewing in this country a
parents revolt against the way
that their children are being spoil
ed in many of the progressive
schools. I hear it on all sides. Par
ents complain that their children
are first of all, terribly unmanner
ly. If they have been trained in
any sort of decent use of the Eng
lish language at home, it' is ruin
ed by a very few weeks in school
They complain that their (children
cannot read,, write a legible hand.
or spell. Furthermore, the child
ren show a complete disinclina
tion to tackle any kind of work
which does. not immediately cap
ture their imaginations and inter
est. The idea that there is any sat
isfaction to be found in doing
even a dull task methodically and
well, seems completely non-exist
ent.
lust the other day, at my lunch
eon table the 13-year-oldj daugh
ter of a friend a child whom 1
dearly love assured me brightly,
that she "just couldn't learn Lati
in." She also said a little ruefully
that she never had learned to
spell, but that she thought "after
all spelling didn't matter j much."
She was so anxious to express her
ideas, she said, that she! didn't
have time to stop and think how
to spell the words.
This, of course, is perfectly rid
iculous. - She is an exceptionally
clever and gifted little girl. She
has a very high intelligence quo
tient. She can, therefore, learn
Latin. And if she can't, she can
never learn any other language.
She may, in the course of time, if
her interests or necessity demand
It, "pick up" German or French,
or any other modern language
But she is going to find it ex
tremely difficult to discipline her
self to the boring process of learn
ing graanmar, without which no
one can speak or write a language
correctly. She told me she wanted
to be a journalist, and I assured
her very firmly that in that case
she would have to learn to spell
trivial as that small equipment
seemed to be. She could hardly ex
pect an editor or proof-reader to
do it for her, and, besides; where
are we going to get proofreaders,
if they, too, share Sally's casual
ness! "
In the course of the last two
years, I have had an opportunity
to interview a considerable num
ber of young women fori steno
graphic or secretarial positions.
All of them have had high! school
training, and most of them: a year
or so of college. The percentage of
near-Illiteracy is extremely high.
And they are not stupid, by na
ture. First of all, one notices the
serious lack of vocabulary. The
expression ot the average j young
American is confined to a few
hundred words, outside thej range
of which the English language is
Greek. Now, this seems to me to
be extnnely important. For the
whole process of thought Is tied
to language; we think in words.
and the precision of logical pro
cesses is intimately connected
with precision of expression.
Sloppy expression means sloppy
thinking, and sloppy thinking on
the part of people who are en
couraged to think themselves edu
cated bodies ill for the future of
our democracy.'
Doctor Johnson O'Connor at the
Stevens' Institute of Technology
in Hoboken has made a special
study of vocabulary In common
use. He picked 150 common words
words which occur once in 100 -
000 in such widely distributed
printed matter as newspapers. He
tested thousands of cases. And he
found that the average high school
graduate knew lonly 94 of them,
and the average college graduate
only 123. Seventy per cent of all
classes tested could give no defin
ition, or an entirely false one. of
"indemnity," 'furtively," "dis
pense," "docile," "contrite." Ninety-four
per cent could not define
or describe the meaning of the
word "subversive." f
Senators and ' Hamilton Fish,
please note! .
i
I also observe from sa cxper
ence that young people who eara
their livings reading proof can
not read. Let a sentence be
dropped out of an article. The
sentence before it makes sense.
The sentence following it makes
sense. But without the omitted
sentence the whole argument
makes no Bense at all. ! you
have a young secretary who will
notice that simple fact, you are
very lucky.
.
Memory training is noticeably
bad. The most ingenious sys
tems have to be worked out in
simple offices, because human
beings cannot be counted tn to
have stored anything whatever in
their Theads. When I was young,
I was told in school that the im
portant thing was hot to know a
thing, but to know where you
could find it. . Fortunately my
father, who was largely respon
sible tor such education as I got,
believed no such thing, and forc
ed me to memorize masses of
poetry and literature. Later I
found that I didn't alwa; s have
the Encyclopedia Britannica with
me In Belgrade or Warsaw, and
that ability to see. something on
a printed page, take note of it,
and remember it, was one of the
few useful things I had ever ac
quired. 1
We ought to setl our faces
against this tendency to m!x up
such things as educational train
ing with politics and economics.
It has reached the pass that if a
person believes in a classical ed
( Continued on page S)
KEX MOHDAT 1180 Kc.
8:30 Just About Time.
S:45 Family Altar Hour.
7:13 Early Birds.
7:30 Financial Service.
7 :4 Viennese Ensemble.
8:13 Popolar Waltzes.
8:30 Dr. Brora.
9:00 Time for Thought.
9:15 Three Pala.
9:30 National r'arm and Home.
10:i0 News.
10:45 Home Institute.
11:00 Creat Moments in History.
tuio l. a. avv Band.
11:45 U. S. Dept. of Agriculture.
12:00 Lokt and Found Items.
12 :02 Rochester Civic Orchestra.
12:25 Hints to Housewives.
12:30 News.
12 :45 Reports.
12:50 Dance Honr.
1:00 Paul Martin's Music.
1:30 Club Matinee.
2.-00 Neirhbor 1L
2:10 Irma Ulen, Organist,
2:15 Don Winslow.
2:30 Financial and Grain Reports.
2:35 Radio Rubes.
2:45- y our Radio Review.
8.O0 U. a Army -Band.
S:30 Press Radio Sews.
3:35 Rakov's Orchestra.
3:45 Dinner 'Concert.
4:00 KEX Orchestra.
4:30 Carol Weymann. "
4:5 Barry McKinley.
5:09 Eddie Swarthont's Music.
5; so NBC Program.
3:45 Speed Gibson.
:0 SBO Program. ,
6:15 to 8:00 Silent to KOB. '
8:00 Land of the Whatsit. - j
8 15 Rainbow Grill Orchestra. ;
8.30 Sports by Bill Mock.
8:45 News. ' . y
8:45 News. -
9:00 Homicide Squad.
9:30 Wrestling Boots.
10:30 Stetson Varieties.
10:35 Meakin Miniatures. , . j
11:00 Newt, j j
11:13 Paul Carson. Ores n is t
To 12 Weather and Police Reports.
I i . .
XOAC MOVBAT 850 Ke.
H0 Today's Programs.
9:03 The Hamemakera' Honr. -10:00
Weather Forecast.
10:15 Story Hear for Adnlta.
11:00 School ot the Air.
11:30 Mtuie of the Masters.
ti:00 Newa.
18:15 Farm Hoar. -
1:13 Variety. I ' -
S :00 Home Tlslts with the ExtensWn
Staff. Jvan Patters, specialist
' ' - fm nova Tarnishing.
1:43 Travel's Radio Review. ,
8:18 Your Health. -8
:4a The! Monitor Views tho News.
4 :09 Symphonic Half Hour.
4:38 Stories lor Boys and Girls.
S :0o On the Campuaea.
:15 News, i - - . "
:59 Farm Hear. . , f
7:80 IH Clnh Meeting.
8:15-t:9(H-Thc Business Hoar. I
- ,- . -! . . i ..'.
Ten Years Ago
ananas va
March 6, 1928
) Construction ; will begin in a
ifew days on the two story build
ing which George C. Will is plan
ning to erect on west side of
Liberty street, the location of
the Grease Spot service station at
present, . ,
I : , 1
s Franklin B. Launer, formerly
of Salem, has been engaged as
piano soloist with the Minneap
olis Symphony orchestra May 8
at Columbia, Missouri.
Rev. C. S. Ha worth, pastor of
the South Salem Friends church,
will talk on some phase of con
ditions in Cuba at Kiwanls club
luncheon today.
Twenty Years Ago
March , 1918
Gus Anderson a student of
Willamette university is in charge
of state intercollegiate prohibi
tion oratorical contest to be held
at Methodist church.
' Dean George Alden of Willam
ette university will go to Albany
Friday where -he will appear in
a lecture to be given at Albany
lbrary.
O. ' A. Hartman of Hartman
Brothers jewelry store, left yes
terday for Portland to attend a
meeting of Oregon retail jewel-
Urs.
A
Tunc
to
'
I . 1
nStifil Today
For These Outstanding Programs
9:30 American Wildlife "
10:00 Lyon and LaSchelle
10:15 Romance of Highways
. ' FEATURING COMMANDER SCOTT
1 :30 The Lutheran! Hour
3 :00 30 Minutes in! Hollywood
WITH GEORGE JESSELL
4:00 The WOR Forum .
6:00 Hawaii! Calls !
.SHORT WAVE FjROM HONOLULU
7 :30 01d-Fashioned Revival
9:00 Newspaper of i the Air
Presented by the
Mutual Broadcasting System
j .
M O N
DAY
: DO NOT MISS HEARING ... j
THE MERRYMAKERS 1 I
BETWEEN THE BOOK-ENDS 1
CARSON ROBINSON BUCKAROOS :
FULTON LEWIS, JR., WASHINGTON -;
- SPONDENT. -il- r-' I- ;
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KAY KYSER'S ORCHESTRA
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MBS - SAL E M 1370 KC
VOICE OF THE CAPITAL CITJ-
7