PAGE FOUR V
The OREGON STATESMAN, Salem, Oregon, Thursday Morning, February 3, 1933
tejaoniJMatemimu
"Vo Favor Sway Us; No Fiar Shall Axct"
From First Statesman. March 18. 1851
Charles A. Spracub
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO.
Charles A- Sprarue. Pre. Sheldon f. fiackstt. Sec.
Mruibe-r of the Asajoctalr-d I'm
Trim Aaauctated l'i-as ta ea.-luaivaly smUUrtl Ui tle uae for puWl eV
- Hon of all iir aliiHl-iH- ri-ttlfil M H ul nut lt"TWH Clllti ta
this -t . .
Tuition at State Schools
On the subject of increasing tuition rates $2 a term the
Oregon State Barometer emits, a healthy squawk. We say
healthy, because hearty dissent is a sign of vigor. Sometimes
the state gets trie impiesSiOn that the USC students take the
role of the well-mannered child that never has to be stood
in the corner, and there is some finger-pointinjr at their
university cousins who appear more undisciplined. The pres
ent protest upsets no appe carts, but it does signify alertness.
It i3 only natural lor the stuaents to squawk when the
suggestion is made to raise their snare of the institutional
cost. The Barometer fortifies its protest with arithmetic
While the tuition is only $lu a term, or $30 a year, the lab. fees
and building fees and towel fees bring the total to $96 a year.
There was an increase this year of $10.50 in tfce lab fees and
the board clapped on a $5 matriculation fee. The Barometer
plaintively inquires, in conclusion, if this increase isn't about
all the traffic will bear. ,
Funny, but the taxpayer counts his woes and comes to
the identical conclusion. Appropriations for higher education
were increased -$950,000 tor this biennium. If additional
money is required, where is it going to come from?
While the students in the state institutions feel the sting
:ibf increased fees, they really are getting off lucky by com
parison. Some state universities are still able to get
along with free tuition for residents, but the number is
dwindling fast. The University of Washington with a large
endowment income, charges $92.50 a year. The rates vary
from $134 for tuition and library fees at Willamette, and
$140 for tuition and incidental fees at Albany college to $141
for tuition and library fee at Xinf ield and $250 tor tuition
and gym and medical fee? at Eeed. In both state and private
schools large numbers of students have to work to pay all
or part of their expenses, so the tuition is a difficult hurdle
to meet.
The Statesman doesn't urge an increase in the tuition
-" at the state-supported institutions. But there is no such
thing as" "free'r education, any more than there is "free"
power. Someone has to pay the bills. And we see in the pres
sures for pensions and social security competition with
higher education (and lower schools too) for the taxpayers
dollar. Grandpa and grandma are getting tired of putting
up the money for their grandchildren ; instead they want their
children and grandchildren via the state, to pension them.
The juniors may as well recognize that fact now as any
time.
The question is not loyalty to higher education in
the abstract, it is the very concrete one of financing higher
education. The state board faces a tough problem in mathe
matics. The solution, may come either through shortening
sail, or through increasing tuition, or through fighting larger
appropriations through the legislature. Each way out is dis
tasteful. Taking the long'view, The Statesman believes that
as time goes on tuition rates will be forced up by the neces
sities of the case, and will not stop at the $2 a term now under
'consideration. '
Qiina, and U. S. Policy
Chester H. Rowell, editor of the San Francisco Chronicle,
analyzing the refusal of Great Britain and America to lend
aid in arms and munitions to China, thinks that such a de
cision forces China into alliance with Russia or else condemns
that unfortunate land to rule by the Japanese. Once before
... China, under Sun Yat Sen, turned to Russia after support was
denied her by the- western powers. Rowell concludes that
in our deciding not to stop Japan now, "we are merely de-
A. . A. 1 1 , A 1 " 1 . . J .1 - 1 "
lennining mai we wouia xainer wait io stop mem wnen it
will be much harder and perhaps impossible."
If Russia joins China actively, as Rowell thinks probable
and as the Japanese anticipate, then in his judgment the
Sino-Russian combination will win the war in China and
Russian propaganda, may win in Japan by fostering a com
munist' revolution. Either eventuality, thinks Rowell, brings
a threat of higher price for the United States to pay in the
future.
For the United States to enter the war actively on the
side of China, even as banker and manufacturer, for the
purpose of humbling or crushing Japan would be to commit
Ji this nation definitely to the balance of power conception.
' M la tm at - a a . an
io ngnt now xor iear ox naving to ngnt a more powertui
Japan later would be further proof that our relation to
world affairs is to be governed by motives of self-interest.
That would involve us fully in the imperialistic system which
the moral sentiment of the country does not accept.
The Statesman is no isolationist, and would be willing
to have the United States cooperate With other nations to
"-rpmiTi tin fvricrnnri rvnwAra wriAtHi in Flfnirmia Rnjtin nr
Asia, not on any balance of power theory or any purpose to
protect the haves from the have-not nations, but to end the
savage custom of resort to war. Neither of the eventualities
foreseen by Mr. Rowell seem to this paper necessarily alarm
ing. The United States ought to be able to live at peace with
a ruvwrovfril Jamn rr a ruiwovfiil T?nooia irrcf sa if Vina rwn
for over a century been able to live at peace with a powerful
Britain, France and save for one short period, Germany.
Of course if the world is
fear which will mean the law of the jungle, then Rowell is
'right and the militarists are right, and we should arm to
the teeth and base national policy exclusively on national
interests. Surely the world is-
, barbarism. '
Teachers
Some confusion exists over
sitting in Multnomah county
tained the request of aged teachers seeking to restrain the
school board from dropping them under the tenure act. His
decision did not invalidate the act as a whole. Neither did
'he invalidate the age-65 provision as a whole. His decision
was based on a deviation of contract.
The original tenure act,
tricts with a population of 20,000 or over, gave permanency
of tenure to teachers, except for cause. In 1933 the law was
amended limiting tenure to persons under the age of 65 years
and makinsr the effective date
ruled that ihe teachers who were employed prior to 1933 and
who were automatically under the tenure law, could not be
retired at age 65 "because that
contract under which they were working prior to 1933.
Judge Norton did not rule on the point whether the
age retirement provision was unconstitutional as applied to
teachers appointed subsequent
some general doubts on the virtue of such legislation.
However the judge made it plain that teachers could be
retired at any time on the ground of physical incapacity. If
the Norton ruling is sustained in the supreme court then
retirement of teachers who become incapacitated by age will
be an individual matter; until such time as the ones appointed
subsequent to the 1933 amendment reach age 65 (assuming
the amendment is constitutional as applied to them). It will
be the responsibility of -school boards and principals and
superintendents to f determine - when the individual teacher
has passed his age of usefulness in the school room.
If there is resistance on the part of teachers who are
superannuated to any efforts to displace them the public
may rise up and demand the repeal of the whole tenure law.
Editor aril Publisher
to revert to the government of
not going completely back to
Tenure Law
the decision of Judge Norton,
circuit court, in which he sus
which applies to school dis
Feb. 1. 1938. Judge Norton
was in effect a breach of the
to 1933, though he did express
T
Bits for
Breakfast
By R. J- HENDRICKS
More about tbe 2-3-38
history of tbe city
of Jefferson, and also
a correction by a friend:
m
A letter dated 497 North Front
street. Salem, January 27, comes
to this desk. It follows:
"I read with interest your story
of tbe early history of Jefferson
as published in The Statesman last
week.
V S
"There is a slight error in the
name of one of the men mentioned
in this pfece. Ton wrote of the
Caldwell twin girls . marrying
Thomas Holt and Thomas Rams
den. "The last name should be Rams
dell. Ton see. I belong to the Holt
side of the family.
"The Holt - Ramsdell families
hold a reunion each year, the first
Sunday in August, at the camp
ground out by the fairgrounds.
Mary Holt, mentioned as one of
the Sunday school pupils, is now
Mrs. William .Nlccolson of 1830
North Commercial street, Salem.
Beryl Holt, instructor in the Sa
lem hiarh school, is a granddaugh
ter of Tbomas Holt of your history
of Jefferson."
S
The communication is signed by
Mrs. S. B. Holt. The Bits man is
very glad to use it. He himself
should . have known better, but he
copied the name from another
writer.
One of the hobbies of this col
umnist i3 accuracy in history and
he is always pleased, when any
mistake is made, to have it cor
rected, and quickly. No untruthful
or inaccurate statement is good
history, and none should be allow
ed to stand unchallenged.
S S
"More about the history of Jef
ferson, says the above heading. It
is this:
In hunting for another matter,
the Bits man finds reference to
James M. Bates, one of the found
ers of Jefferson, in a letter of Ja
son Lee; a reference overlooked
by all historians, so far as the
writer is informed, excepting Bros
nan and Brosnan passed it over
without getting the significance
of it. Brosnan's "Jason Lee," be
ginning on page 228. tells of Lee's
start on what proved to be his last
journey to New York, via the
Sandwich Islands.
Lee had learned of adverse re
ports of former employees of his
mission to his missionary board in
New York, among them Dr. Elijah
White, Dr. John P. Richmond and
W. W. Kone. So Lee decided to go
in person and make his report of
exoneration. He had many things,
too, that he wanted to tell the
beads of the nation at Washington,
in the interest of Christianity and
American civilization in the Ore
gon Country.
He boarded the English bark
Columbia on Christmas day, 1843,
at Astoria. A strong southeast
wind held the vessel till Feb. 3.
1844, when it with difficulty got
over the Columbia bar, and Lee
took his last look at the receding
shores of Oregon.
"a
On Feb. 27 he arrived at Hon
olulu, and there, to his intense
surprise, found that Rev. George
Gary had landed at that port
bound to Oregon, to replace Lee as
superintendent of the Methodist
mission. He had been suspended
without a hearing.
Lee decided to hasten his jour
ney to New York; but no vessel
would be leaving for several
months on a regular journey
around Cape Horn. However, a
Hawaiian government vessel, the
Hoa Tita, was to leave for Mexico
the next day, Feb. 28. sent by the
ktne of the Sandwich Islands, and
that little boat crfuld accommodate
ONE passenger. Lee became that
passenger. When he had been out
about three weeks on tbe Hoa
Tita, he wrote a letter to George
Abernethy, then treasurer of the
Oregon mission, afterward gover
nor of the provisional government
the only chief executive of that
government.
.-
Abernethy eventually received
that letter, which was dated
March 21, 1844, and the letter ha
been preserved. It speaks of many
matters of business, and of per
sonal messages which Lee asks
Abernethy to deliver. A para
graDh of the letter reads:
"I wrote to Brother Hines (Rev.
Gustavus Hines) after I sailed
asking him to purchase a few
things for James Bates and get
the money from Ladd (Ladd &
Co.) to pay for them. If my mem
ory serves me, James (Bates) In
cluded in the orders he gave me
upon you 320 to be spent at Oahu
(Hawaii), and 3100 to be spent in
the States (United States.) But I
was so unwell, and c on fused,
when I settled with you that al
most all traces of that settlement
have escaped my memory ... .
Should I reach San Bias in safe
ty. I may leave immediately for
Tepic .... As far as I can now see.
I Khali be compelled to pass on to
the city of Mexico City with
guides whose language I do not
understand, and shall be some
what is danger . . . from robbers.
Thank Heaven, I have no per
plexing fears ... I am cheerful,
somewhat, thankful and happy . .
What would I give to know how
you all are, at this moment, in
Oregon. The Lord only knows
whether I shall ever see half or
any ot you again. His will be
done!"
V V .
Eight days later, the 23 th. Lee
added to the above with the state
ment that, after 31 days from the
Sandwich Islands, land (Mexico)
was la sight, distance 45 miles.
Among other things, he said:
"Since writing the above I have
found that James Bates order of
1300 is put to my credit, or, at
least, It is put In a list of orders
in your hand in my little book.
Whatever Bro. Hines (Gustavus
Hines) may spend for James at
Oahu (Sandwich Islands), not ex
ceeding 325, you will please
charge to me. If it exceeds that,
let James pay.
'"James Bates) wished me to
request you to receive from Van
couver ' a watch I purchased ot
i i r Wa W mi M irij y
'''' ' ' 'S'rstJ
W I .
William Kinyon
Dies at Aurora
Mrs. E. Latimer Funeral
Is Held at Amity
ME Church
AURORA Funeral services for
William Chase Kinyon, 74, who
died Monday at t h e Woodburn
hospital, will be held Thursday at
1 p. m. from the Miller mortuary
here. Rev. J. W. Hood of Gervais
officiating. Burial will be in
Butteville cemetery.
Mr. Kinyon was born March 31,
1863, at Fort Jones, Calif., and
came to Butteville in the fall ot
1885. residing there since. He was
a member of the IOOF a n d of
Butteville grange.
He was married to Cena Pen
dleton October 2, 1889. Surviv
ing besides the w 1 d o w are a
daughter, Elsie Wiegand ot Can
by; a son-in-law, A. N. White of
Aurora; a brother, John J. Kin
yon ot Santa Maria, Calif.; four
grandchildren, Caroline and Rob
ert Wiegand of Canby, Edward
White and Yida Clark and one
great grandson, Lloyd Clark, all
of Aurora.
Mrs. Emma Latimer
AMITY Funeral services for
Mrs. Emma Latimer, 67, who died
Friday at a McMinnville hospital
of pneumonia, were held Monday
afternoon in the Amity Methodist
church. Rev. C. G. Morris officiat
ing and concluding services by
Amity chapter, OES. of which she
was a member for many years.
The Latimer family made their
home here tor over 30 years. The
husband, A. A. Latimer died in
1934.
Surviving are three sons and
one daughter, Lewis of Marsh
field, Wallace of Amity, Eldon of
McMinnville and Mrs. Edith Wal
ton of Glendale, Calif.; also four
sisters and two brothers, Mrs. Ef
fie Brown, Mrs. Ella Spence, Mrs.
Marion Johnson all of Portland,
and. Mrs. Carrie Harris of Texas,
Homer Fitzgerald of Amity, and
Edmond Fitzgerald of Oklahoma.
Burial was in the Amity ceme
tery. Former Amity Principal
Renews old Friendships
AMITY Mr. and Mrs. Burgess
F. Ford of Portland were week
end visitors in Amity at the S.
E. Howard home. Ford was prin
cipal of the Amity high school
for a number of years prior to
moving to Idaho about 10 years
ago.
D. Lee (Daniel Lee) and sold to
him. The enclosed to Mr. Douglas
(James Douglas afterward - Sir
James) relates to -the watch. If
It is not received make enquiries."
S
The letter was received at Will
amette Falls (Oregon City) by
Abernethy on July 20, 1844.
The above matter is very in
teresting to this writer. It serves
to prove that what was said in
the hbtory of Jefferson series
was correct. In respect to James
M. Bates connection with the Lee
mission.
S
He came in 1837. and aided In
constructing the buildings at the
old mission; helped on all the
first buUdings on the site of Sa
lem; likely on the Oregon Insti
tute building on Wallace Prairie.
Taught In the Indian manual la
bor school, housed in what be
came Willamette university. In
fact. Bates was a true and help
ful missionary worker. v
Yet none of the historians ac
credited him with the many use
ful things which he did. He bought
the watch of Daniel Lee, nephew
ot Jason Lee. Wonder If any one
knows what became of that
watch? It should be in Willam
ette university's museum.
Ambush
The Safety
Valve
Letters from '
Statesman Readers
J. BARLEYCORN AGAIN
To the Editor:
We recently read a news item
that was disgusting as well as
amusing. It seems that a man
in California had become such a
slave to booze that he stole a
small amount of money from his
baby. Said money, however, -was
to be used for the purchase of a
crib for the baby but the father
or was he a father? took the
money and spent it for booze. So
a kind-hearted judge granted the
wife and mother a divorce from
tuch a husband and father, show
ing that even in California, a
baby still has some protection
but not until John Barleycorn
had got his pound of flesh, in
this case, the baby's bed.
It is this same John Barley
corn who is filling our jails and
insane asylums and flooding our
country with prostitution, that is
taking a ton of 12 billion dollars
annually, while the booze barons
take 11 billion dollars annually
and the two together are caus
oing a crime wave that has be
come uncontrollable and accord
ing U the United States depart
ment of justice, cost $18,000,
000.000 in 1936. So the three
greatest evils which we could the
most easily do without has cost
us in one year $41,000,000,000.
Now, let ns see what we could
do with 41 billion dollars. First,
we could pay the Townsend plan
with its estimated cost of 18
Mllion dollars and. the other 23
billion dollars would in less than
two years pay off Mr. Roosevelt's
37 billion dollars' deficit and
after that was all paid we could
build some hospitals to take care
of our crippled children without
giving a nationwide drunken
dance every Jan. 30 th to raise
the money and in a few years
after we chase John Barleycorn
and prostitution out of the coun
try we would not have so many
deformed children.
So why don't we. as the
greatest Christian nation on
earth, run this evil out ot the
country and prove we are a
Christian nation. Instead ot a na
tion of crime. We can surely do
it, If those ot use who have our
names on a church book would
only put our mark on a dry bal
lot and at the next election let's
start voting dry. Are you with
me?
F. L. Johnson
Monmouth, Ore.
INQUIRES ABOUT ARTIST
423 West 118th St.
New York, N.Y.
To the Editor:
In the hope that you may be of
some help to me I am writing to
you for information concerning
the late Charles M. Russell, noted
artist of the Old Northwest.
I am preparing a biography of
this man and a catalog of his
original art work. It la my desire
to contact persons who knew him
well and those who own original
pictures, modelings, letters, and
manuscripts by him. and photo
graphs of him and his friends.
Although C. M. Russell made
his home In Montana, he visited
Oregon several times and friends
may still reside la Salem and its
vicinity. As he was aa Elk and
Rotarian, members of those or
ganizations in your city may re
member him. Already I have in
terviewed men and women of his
home state and am anxious to
hear from others in Salem and
nearby communities.
Whatever information and oth
er assistance you can give me In
this matter will be most sincerely
appreciated by me and will be
fully credited to you in my books.
With much interest I shall
await your reply to this letter
(ADRZ THArt HALF
of aoto5 inspected
Qy STATS OF MEW
jmsey FOUND TO
55 tFCT!V
and hope to hear from you soon.
Very truly yours,
JAMES B. RANKIN.
Editor's Note Persons who
knew Charles M. Russell are
urged to communicate directly
with Mr. Rankin.
Hopewell Woman 111
ZENA Mrs. Marion Hold
redge, mother of Mrs. Clarence
Merrick is ill in bed with heart
trouble and complications. An
other daughter, Mrs. T. L. Bur
bee of Portland, Is with her
mother who resides at her home
at Hopewell.
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On the
By DOROTHY
Thoughts on Increiuins; Arma-
mrnts
The first condition of power in
international a flairs h not the
size of one's army or aavy. The
f i.i i hi . m first condition is
the clarity of a
country's policy
Long ago, when
we were far, far
weaker than we
are now, we laid
down a program,
the Monroe Doc
trine, that the
western hemis
phere should be
kept free of Eu-
Dratfcy Tkpr ropein adven
tures. We meant it, and the
world knew that we meant It.
and that constituted the strength
ot that policy.
Today the power in interna
tional affairs ot certain countries,
such as Germany, does not rest
primarily upon their economic
might or even upon the size and
number of their guns. The world
is afraid of Germany because the
world thinks Germany means
xwhat she says.
The loss of prestige of Great
Britain, the United States, and
France is not due to the fact that
they are unarmed; they began to
lose prestige long ago, before the
rapid armament ot Italy and Ger
many constituted any real, mili
tary threat. They began to lose
it when it became more and more
apparent that they had committed
themselves to grandiose promises
which, if challenged, they would
abandon.
Right now, for instance. It is
impossible to guess to what ex
tent any ot the democratic coun
trfes mean what they say. Csecho
slovakia has a military alliance
with both Russia and France. If
Czechoslovakia is attacked by
Germany, will either country
come to her aid? Is the answer
in the least certain?
The independence of Austria
was guaranteed by the League of
Nations, that is to say, by all the
powers of Europe. But, when in
1934 that independence was
threatened by a nazi coup, only
one European nation demonstrat
ed visibly that it would act, and
that was another fascist nation:
Italy.
The British played a most dis
ingenuous game with Ethiopia,
listening quite sympathetically to
Mussolini's dreams in the 1920's
when Austen Chamberlain was
foreign minister, when the British
policy was anti-Russian, and when
Britain and Italy were warming
up to each other. It reversed that
policy when Ethiopia was actually
invaded, then behind the back of
the League of Nations, the Brit
ish foreign minister. Sir Samuel
Hoare and the French foreign
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11:32 Rakov's Orchestra, NBC.
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12:00 Uosa Linda, Pianist. NBC.
12:15 Rochester Orchestra, KBC.
12:30 Kews Reports.
12:45 Market Reports.
12:50 Melody Time.
1:00 Club Matinee. NBC.
1:30 Hen. Federation Women's Clubs,
NBC.
2:00 The Four of Vs. NBC.
2:10 Irma Glen. Organist, NBC.
2:15 Don Winslow, NBC.
2:30 Financial and Grain Reports.
2:35 Radio Schedules.
2:45 Three Romeos.
3:00 Xea Maupins Orch., NBC
3:30 Press Radio News. NBC.
3:35 Songs of Yesteryear.
3:40 Tony Russell, Singer, NB0.
8 :45 Pleasant Interlude.
4:15 Speakiag ot Sports.
4:r Rrtx Carlton Hotel Orch, NB0.
5:00 NBC Program.
5:30 Silent to ROB.
8:00 Land of the Whatsit.
8:15 World Goes By.
8:30 Birtmore Hotel Orch.. NBO.
8:45 News Reports.
9:00 Ice Hockey Game.
10:35 Stetson Varieties.
11:00 News Reports.
11:15 Hsvea ot Rest. NBC.
11:80 Charles Runan. Organist, NBC.
To 12 Complete Weallier and Police
Reports.
o o
KOAC THURSDAY 0000 Kc.
9:00 Today's Programs.
9:03 The HomemBkers' Hour.
9:05 "Time Out."
10:00 Weather Forecast.
10:15 Story Hour for Adults.
1 1 :00 School of the Air.
11:30 Mnsic of the Masters.
12:O0 News.
12:15 Farm Hour.
1:15 Variety.
2:00 The Hobby Exchange "Marks
manship as Hobby."
2:45 Garden Club Program.
3:15 Your Health.
3 :43 The Monitor Views the News.
4:00 The Symphonic Half Hour.
4:30 Stories for Boys and Girls.
5:00 On the Campuses.
5:30 Holtingsworth Organ Recital.
5:45 Vespers Dr. E. J. Harper.
6:15 News.
6:30 Farm Hour.
7:30 Radio Shorthand Contest.
8:15 You Mav Not Believe It But
Faces Do Not Reveal Character
lr. Howard R. Taylor.
8:45 Foresters in Action.
. e
KOTJT THTTRSDAT 970 Kc.
6:30 KOIN Klock, Ivan, Walter and
Frankie.
75d5 Eyes ef the World.
8:00 News.
8:13 This and That with Art Kirk
9:00 Seen af the Pioneers.
9:15 Edwin C. Hill. CBS.
9:30 Romance ef Helen Trent, CBS.
9:45 Oar Gal 8 trader. CBS.
10:00 Betty and Bob.
1:.14 Hymns of All Churches.
10:30 Arnold Grimm's Daughter.
10:45 Hollywood in Person.
11:00 Big Stater.
11:15 Anat Jenny's Seal Life Stories.
11:30 American School of the Air.
12:00 Milkv Way. menu suggestions.
12:15 KOIN News Service.
12:30 Army Band.
1:00 Myrt and Marge.
1:1S Pretty Kitty Kelly.
1 :30 Movie Parade.
1:45 Wemaa'e Pare ef the Air.
2:00 KOIN News Service.
2:05 Gems ot Melody.
2:15 Speed, Inc.
2 :3 Four Clubmen.
2:45 Hilltop Hoase.
8:00 City Salute.
3:15 Inlaws.
3:80 Jadv and Jane.
8 :45 Newspaper af the Air.
4:80 We. the People.
5:00 Style Chats.
3:15 Leaa F. Dscwa, Organist.
5:30 Mary Lou.
5:45 Fireside Quartet
6:0O Major Bowes Amateur Hour.
7 :eo Man te Man Sports.
7:15 Little Show.
7:30 Holly wood Showcase.
8:00 8cattergood Ba'.nes.
8 :15 Hollywood Showcase.
8:30 Kate Smith.
9:30 Castilliana.
'10:00 Five Star Final.
10:15 Art of Conversation.
10:45 Phil Harris Orchestra.
11:00 Ted Fierita Orchestrn.
11:15 Heavy King Orchestra.
11:45 Black Chape L.
Record
THOMPSON
minister, Laral, tried to make a
deal with Italy; this was rejected
by public opinion at home, calling
for sanctions; the sanctions were
not really applied, partly because
the British Military Intelligence
believed that Mussolini would get
stuck in Italy anyhow, and the re
sult was another lamentable loss
of prestige.
Similar cases could be almost
indefinitely cited, and they all
add up to the conclusion that ag
gression Is on the inarch in the
world, not because there are not
sufficient arms or sufficient mili
tary power to atop it, but because
there is not a real policy.
a a
a uc ijueBiiuu wuica mast uriao.
in anybody's mind in considering
the proposal to greatly increase
our navy is: For what purpose are
we really increasing it? Are we
really increasing it because we do
not think we have sufficient pow
er to defend our own seacoatts?
I am under the impression that
we already have a fighting estab
lishment much largef than suffi
cient to protect us against inva
sion. We already have a surplus
of force. We are going to in
crease this surplus to defend our
"interests," but what those "in
terests" are, and whether with
however big a navy we would ac
tually defend them, is a question.
The fact is that pur policy of
having more force than we need
for the modest aims of self-defense,
and less force than we need
for an actual conflict, let us say.
with Japan in Japanese waters.,
plus constant reiterations of aims
from which, if challenged, we re
. . . n i i . . . .
ueai, una ueen s coiossai lauure.
Yet there is no departure from
this policy Indicated in the new
re-armament program.
Our policy in China has failed.
We did not maintain it when
Manchukuo was invaded; we did
not maintain it when the fighting
began around Peiping last July,
and it is a very great question
whether we would have maintain
ed it if we had had: twice as big
a navy as we h a v e at present.
WThat stopped us was not an in
sufficiency of force, but a lack of
lucidity in aims.
a a a
The impetus given to the in
crease in our armaments is un
questionably due to the situation
in China and the fear of the dem
ocratic world of aggressive fas
cism. There Is a great deal of
talk of the democratic countries
standing together. But standing
together for what? To defend, the
peace? The peace in China has
been wantonly broken. But the
British government has made a
bargain with Japan not to allow
munitions from reaching China
through Hongkong and Canton,
and the French have 'made a bar
gain to keep munitions from
reaching -China through Indo-chi-na,
so that China is now effec
tively blockaded by I the French
and the British, and; can get no
aid by sea, except across the Mon
golian desert from Russia. Will
we concur in this Policy If we
do, we don't need a big navy to
support it.
a a a j
These are matters which ought
to be discussed and ' deliberated
in this country. Butj to demand
deliberation has become, for some
curious reason, reactionary. They
ought to be deliberated because
the surest possible way to get Into
a war is to go Galahadlng around
the world, making; continual
shows of force that one does not
mean. By and by, people catch
on to it. You can't cry "Wolf!
Wolf!" forever. j
And the net effect jof re-armament
without policy will be, I
fear, not to terrify aggression,
into defeat, but to mobilise it into
action. For, if aggressive coun
tries see us arm, but still doubt
whether we know what we are
arming for, they will act on an
estimate of risks. ! They will
think, on the basis of what has
happened before, that the risk is
not really as great as tbe armed
power seems to indicate, but that
it is obviously less great now than
it will be when we have spent an.
other billion dollars for ships, and
guns, and men.
a
i
What interests do we genuinely
intend to defend? What treaties
will we risk war to mainUin?
What police powers are we will
ing to share? When we know the
answer to these, we; will .know
whether we heed a billion dollars
more for arms or many billions
more, or whether we: don't need
any more at all.
Copyright. 193. New York Tri
bune, Inc.
Ten Years Ago
February 3, 1928
Senator Charles MCNary wires
from Washington that he will act
ively cooperate in the improve
ment of the channel of the Wil
lamette river.
Miss Madeline Hughes, superin
tendent of Salem General hospital,
attended a meeting of the Oregon
league of nurses' education in
Portland. '
Dr. A. I. Frants last night was
elected president ot the Montana
clnb and Lee Harland was chosen
as secretary.
Twenty Ycari Ago
February 3, 1918
Suddenly and without warning
Judge Julius C. Moreland, clerk of
Oregon supreme court and one of
Oregon's most eminent lawyers,
died at his home yesterday.
W. G. Goulet. one ot the Marion
county commissioners, will be a
candidate for reelection to office
of commissioner. J
Women of Marion county met
Saturday In Salem with Miss Lor-,
ene Parker, home demonstration
agent, to organize a homemaker's
county counciL it