K
The OREGON STATESMAN, Salexa, Oregon, Sunday Slanting, JBlay 3, 1830
lislamd Water
Beclaired Best Fromr- Many
miits
On.
aintenance
Low,
Costs
Report Claims
. - . i
High Quality of Water and Adequate
Volume Praised Alone With' Its
Availability; Plans Told
or Salem
rriHE "Stayton" Island source of water supply
finds favor with Stevens & Koon, consulting ;engirteers
for the city, not only because of the high quality of the
supply and the adequate volume but also because of its
,arailability. In the formal report released yesterday, a gen
eral discussion of the proposed source is given. Prixjcipal por
tions of the report follow: o
General Statement
- This report : will deal mainly
with problems of developing an
adequate supply of water for the
City of Salem from water-bearing
sand and gravel which underlie an
island in North Santiam river
a bore the city of Stay ton
It is essential that a water sup
ply source be considered-not only
on the basis of its merits as a pro
ducer of water of -high quality
and adequate volume but its avail
ability, and the cost of its develop-
- meat and maintenance must be
given careful thought and apprais
al before sound conclusions can
be reached.. . ;: ,
The city council of Salem on
. Marclt 2, 19 3 S designated the
North; Fork of the Santiam riTer
above Stayton as the permanent
. source of water supply of the city
of Salem" and. in pursuance of
: such decree, all water supply stu
dies made under our direction
siace that date hare -had reference
oaly to the North Santiam, riTer
source
I Drawings Explained
400 acres. The island is low ly
Ing and is relatively; level. There
are. however, many small depres
sions and high water channels
which indicate partial flooding
during periods of extreme high
water . but in the portion of
the island with which the city may
be concerned, there is no evidence
of serious erosion. .-.!.-
The surface of the island is gen
erally parallel to the j river slope
although the easterly! third rises
somewhat more steeply and its
area is from eight to ten feet
above normal river lfvel. The
east end of the island is about
30 feet higher than it is along a
line which would divide the west
erly and middle thirds of the to
tal area. j j
- It is only the easterly : two
thirds of the island that is of any.
importance . in connection with
the studies that have been made
and: the water-bearing character
istics of the easterly third ' only
are of concern to the ity . . .
Location Shown
J As a consequence there ate in
' eluded herewith two, drawings,
consisting of a map and a profile
, showing the relation of the North
Santiam river source Xo the city
of Salem and the location of fa
cilities rhich now exist or are to
' be provided within tim city for
the storage and distribution of
water.
r These 'drawings are marked and
will be referred to as Plates A' and
B respectively. The map and pro
file are largely - self-explanatory
and written comments will be
brief. Plate A shows the route of
the proposed pipe line from the
BTOposedMsource above Stay ton to
the new city reservoir now under
construction. . . .
The pipe? line --would function
somewhat differently if used to
ee avey water developed on the isl
isd than it would it water is tak
es from the open stream. In the
farmer instance the water would
b clear and free from any sub
stance requiring artificial filtra
tion for its removal while in the
latter case the water taken by the
ipfi, line would be of a character
nned "raw" and such water
rould subsequently be filtered by
passing through a modern rapid
und filter. -. . .
If water is taken from an un
derground development on the isl
sad the pipe line will, carry water
sit able for use at all times and
at any point along the pipe line
reute and will deliver water di
rectly into the Salem distribution
system at the intersection of 12th
street and. Rural avenue-Water
ot consumed by current atTftJwad.
. .will flow westward in a new pipe
jine along Rural avenue to the
iwj reservoir and any excess of
ftovr over city demand and that
accessary to maintain a full re-fervoir-will
overflow and be car
tied, to waste at the level of Wil
lamette Tiver. k
On the map of the iiland (plate
C) the appropriate locations of
prospective develomeht works,
pipe line and appurtenances are i
shown. Plate D fs a Surface pro
file of the island along the tenta
tive pipe line route. . !. .
' As land for general use, the
island1 has no appreciable j value
except as a k source ofj cord wood
and gravel. . . . Thej cord wood
value wiU be acquired by the
city if the island is developed as
a water supply source whereas
the open gravel deposits will be
unaffected by any of the city's
work or prospective ownership.
Surveyst
jTo Exceed Ieeds
Attention was first' directed to
the possibilities of wjater supply
development on Stayton island
because "of the opposition of Stay
ton interests to the suggested di
version of water from the open
river above the city.' j .-.
Because of its elevation, isola
tion and reported i j sub-surface
characteristics, the island. which
lay just across the jnorth river
channel from the most feasible
point for open river diversion, of
fered attractive possibilities.
At the time surveys were un-
dertaken there were available no
data of consequence; pertaining to
the island. General j information
of value was given by! A. D. Gard
ner or stayton. His data were
of a descriptive nature and useful
only in so far as thy. expressed
his personal knowledge of the
island. No reliable knap of this
area has heretofore been made.
Surveys, map-making and sur
face study of the island, disclosed
the possibility that jhere was a
rare opportunity to: secure a wa
ter supply of exceptional attrac
tiveness I
Property Options
'c In this method of development
sad operation large volumes of
water will flow through the reser-
Toir constantly and run. to waste
until such time as the city demand
li greatly ', Increased over that
Which now obtains or until a sale
of excess, water can be made. On
the other hand, if "raw" water is
taken from the open river, the
pipe line from source to filter
plants will contain water which,
at times, will be unfit for use
without local .treatment at point
of use. . . . :
Plate - B drawing differs from
Plate A in that it indicates i the
Vertical characteristics of the pipe
line instead of its horizontal align
ment. ...
' Under -conditions which can be
obtained 'In. this project (a fall of
1.41 ft. per 1000 ft. for the ls
ijjid development and a little less
tar the -open river diversion) the
delivery of water In various sized
pipelines may be consldered to be
approximately' as follows: .:
; ; '. ? ' Million
i ; -t ."' ; ":r'::r -' gals, per
' . " :".'- . -day
SI-tnch .pipe . .' ...... . . . 4
3 -inch pipe ,.. .......t. 1 0
SSrinch pipe ....... . . . i.-llS
45-Inch Tipe , . . ... .... ... ..24
- ; As pearly as can be determined,
the present water demand in Sa
:Iemt ranges from a minimum of
about million gallons - per day
,ln winter-to a maximum of about
rns million gallons per 'day for
the i hottest," dryest day of sum
mf. . , .r ;!-'. :c-
Before undertaking work more
active and definite than an engi
neer's survey, the water commis
sion secured options ;-to purchase
the lands which might be; useful
to .the city and also easements for
the construction of pipe lines and
structures on properties in the vi
cinity of the island I but not in
cluded in the lands; to be pur
chased. On Plate C the Property
under option to the Jcity is indi
cated. It consists . of 238 acres
and embraces all that part of the
island which can in ? any way be
useful to the city in its present or
future water development proced
ures. This area includes practic
ally all of the timbered portion of
I Island and icinity
; So far as Is known the Island
under discussion has na official
name. For convenience your engi
neers have given to It that name
which appears to be most appro
priate: Stayton Island. -
Tils Island lies mainly In Sec
tions ' 18 -and H, Township 9
South, Range 1 West W.:M. Its
total length Is slightly . less than
,ty. miles and the width Is from
Sub-Surface Formation
Engineers? Drawings Showing Proposed Infiltration System and Santiam Pipe Line to Salem
(High kvd water jtower . . : " ."' " 'l wkT L
t-a X-r i c 33-- : f-ffl
00 Jr i i
I 00 6 i i 2 i . A i 6 7, .t. e 9 to n iz i i3 m ft rr is
MlLC$ FfOM fltW CiTY RC5SRV0
STEVENS A KOMI
FINITE A shows engineers location for Santiam rlver-Salem pipe Unewhich wiU
start front Stayton island, go under the north fork of the river, caoss tbe Stayton
island, co under the north fork of the river, cross the Stayton power Icanal and
Salem ditch on an overhead crossing, run through Stayton an on, 18 miles to
Salem. The line will be laid through a small section of the Turner municipal 11m.
its, run near to the state training school for gjrls and the Falrvlew home, coming
Into Salem at South 12th street and Rural avenue. )
Stay Ton limno
DtvtuopftrT
PLATE
Purchase - of; Necessary
Lands Recommended
to Salem Council
PLATE B illustrates the total fall of 136 feet between the intake level at the San
tiara and the surface level of the new reservoir on Fairmoant hill. The top line
reveals the hydraulic gradient, showing a fall of 1.41 feet for each lOOO feet of
pipe. The bottom line shows the actual drop from the SGO-foot level at the San
tiam to the minimum level of 60 feet above sea level where the pipe comes into
Salem. The vertical scale in this drawing is at a ratio of 88 to one on the hori
zontal scale.
j jl ; " ' ' One mfe n Stayton Island - '
" f ( ""Conduit b SaSem nr y rr- -i
fZv 2l Nvl7 - " stcvcns ft koon . TYPICAL P0RMATKX1 - j '
rorogc over cana' . XiW II CcH-q-1
i UF pr.rn, tose j
i ti ' V-J i PROFILE ON STAYTON ISLAND.
I Y--$tphon under river , PLATE D
rLATK C is an engineers' drawing of the Stayton island territory indicating tlwi
proposed inUke system. The east portion of the island would be acquired by the
city with water being taken from the sector shown in the right portion of the
upper drawing. The j pipe line lor the intake would be laid with open Joints i?
gravel through which the water would filter. The flow would be picked up in steel
pipe, conveyed through a sand trap and regulating chamber and then! started on
its way to Salem through the pipe line which would go under the Santiam river.
t ue poner canai ana we oaiem aiicn ana oe uua through Stayton as Indies
ieu aopve.
PLATE D is a profile section of the proposed intake system on Stayton island. The
vertical scale in the drawing has been enlarged to show how the water would fil
ter through clean gravel land sand into the loose-joint infiltration pipe. The flow
would be conducted into 'tight pipe, pass through a regulating chamber and sand
trap and then be carried to Salem through an 18-mile long pipe line. The vertical
scale here has been greatly enlarged in comparison to the horizontal scale to show
a cross-section of the proposed infiltration system. '
imately 500 gallons per minute or
about 700,000 gallons jper day.
This volume is about one-twentieth
of the capacity of the pipe line
which is now tentatively ; consid
ered for use in bringing! water to
baiem. The pump was! operated
continuously for a full eight-hour
period without appreciable effect
on the water level in the pit. Upon
stopping pump operation the pit
quickly filled with perfectly clear,
iree-nowlng water. After ; remov
ing top soil and entering grav
el, only loose, clean sand and gra
vel were found in the excava
tions . . . . .
Advantages Shown
immeamieiy zoiiowing tne se
curing of property opjtions and the
permissions for further investlra
tlons contained therein, your en
gineers secured readily portable
equipment . . . and made such sub
surface explorations on the island
as could be made without the aid
of heavy, power-driven excavating
macninerr and extensive : opera-
lions which would; be equivalent
to a construction undertaking .
;.- Three ' important! excavations
were made within ike "area of
water development? indicated on
Plate C. As war to! be expected,
water-was found at; an elevation
which was approximately the
same as in the river channels op
posite the place excavation.
Water' appeared ia jctarse clean
graveL In low spots gravel was
found at the beginning of excava
tion and, where surface elevations
ere higher,' an overburden of
sandy son varylnr in. depth no to
four or five feet was removed be
fore the -water-bearing gravel was
reached. When an excavation had
been carried to a depth of in foot
or two below water level a power
driven pump was used to lower
the water and permit farther ex
cavation. " j j .
By using the pump to fall ca
paclty.lt was possible, to dig to a
depth of about five feet below wa
ter level In Hole cribbed to
Development, of a water supply
from such a source as itj available
on Stayton island is not; In itself
unusual but there are a number of
features in this particular devel
opment, which make, isj specially
attractive; Among - waterworks
men a shallow, underground water
supply developed in thi manner
herein suggested is not uncommon
and the method is known as infil
tration galleries or, more simply
descriptive, - such ' a development
may be called a horizontal well.
More frequently than otherwise.
supplies developed in this manner
require pumping in order to make
the water available fori city ser
vice. If the Stayton Island devel
opment 1$ made. It wilt be oper
ated entirely by gravity and in this
lies its most valuable feature aside
from the ! fact that the! quantity
will be anjple ana the quality most
There will be practically unlim
ited opportunity for expansion of
the development at any time more
I r I
Oortgage Loans .
on Modern Homes
Lowest Rates,
' Hawkins ;&
Roberts '
j , M : '
water is desired Other unusually
attractive features of this particu
lar project may be mentioned.
These vast water-bearing gravel
deposits occur Immediately above
the last point of possibly serious
contamination along the river; the
water which can be secured from
this source will have all the char
acteristics of. an ideal mountain
supply with none of the disadvant
ages which necessarily obtain
when such a supply is taken from
a stream as large as North San
tiam river; the entire area over
lying the development can be own
ed and forever controlled by the
city with very nominal expendi
ture for land; the area under op
tion is relatively inaccessible to
man except with considerable ef
fort and livestock, which might
occasionally ford the stream vol
untarily, can be excluded by
xencing at moderate cost; no arti
ficial filtration of the supply will
be necessary and this construction
and operating cost will be obviat
ed; chlorination of the i supply
might be unnecessary although.
as a precaution, adequate provi
sion will be made, so that such
treatment could' be Instantly ap
plied should there be any indlca
tion of pollution, however slight.
Development Method
i
opment cannot be given pending
further surveys and more thor
ough, study of the problem. In
general, however, a tight Jointed
pipe line will penetrate the isl
and from the point of entrance
Indicated on Plate D to the "De
velopment Area." At the lower
edge; of this area the pipe will
be alt a depth of probably eight
feet or more below river level.
Through the development : area
pipe with .open joints' or perfor
ations will be laid as collectors;'
such pipes being entirely sur
rounded with clean gravel' of
suitable she when the pipes are
laldi plate D Indicates in a
graphic manner a tentative
scheme of development but this
may be greatly altered as the ac
tual conditions become
clearly understood.
more
Relative Cost
Preliminary data! only have
thus far been obtained relative to
this phase of the prospective wa
ter supply improvements and, be
cause of tip peculiar nature of the
construction problems involved, it
is too soon to make reliable es
timates of cost. It will be unnec
essary to! build certain costly
works if the underground devel
opment hree discussed is made
and a consideration of these
prsopectijre savings may give
some idea as to the merit of the
island project from the stand
point of construction cost. A
supply taken from the open river
would require a filtration plant
which has been estimated to cost
about 1170,000 and an intake
structure to cost 12.000. Keith
er of these items would be neces
sary with the underground sup
ply- ' .
There would also be a consid
erable saving in pipe line cost at
the Salem end. In round fig
ures the special works: made
unnecessary by the island supply
(Turn to page 5, col. z) '
UAceuuuiiui
Supply Found
f.
v (Continued from page 1)
and designs to the end that, un-
esa unforeseen i difficulties arm -
as a 'result of such final lnvesti-
rations. the underground watei
of Stayton Island be developed ai
the permanent supply for the Citj
of Salem " k !
Th rpnnrt noints out I that at
tention was. first directed to the;
possibilities: of water. supply on the
Stayton island location because or
opposition by Stayton, interests to
suggested diversion of water from
the open rifer above tne euy.
"Because of its elevation, isola
tion and reported surface charas
teriatics, the island offered at
tractive possibilities," the report
reads.: . :;. s . t
"Surveys, map-making 'and sur
face study of the island disclosed
the - possibility that here was a
rare opportunity: to secure a wa
ter supply of exceptional attract
iveness" the report continues.
Options were : then : taking on
23 S acres oh the island needed as
an intake source. Easements were
secured forfrlght-of-way for pipe
line leading! a,way from the island.
The studies quickly i revealed
that water was obtainable in large
quantities at approximately the el
evation of tie adjiolning river. "Wa
ter appeared in coarse gravel.' "A
sample " test pit dug: and; encased
in cribbing !to form an area four
by eight feet, revealed 8 flow; of
500 gallons fof water a minute, or
700.000 gallons a day with the
supply undiminished by j continu
ous pumping. ' - ' I
While details of the methods of
developing the water supply from
the island cannot be given until a
more extended study is made, the
engineers" report sketches the plan
for taking Water- from the island.
In the so-called development area
of the island pipes with open
oins or perforations will be laid
as collectors-, the pipes being en
tirely surrounded with clean gra
vel. ! ; . ; I -- ;!-., ,;
Savings In capital outlay in the
proposed island system would be
at least ?5. 000, the report de
clares, with the view expressed by
the engineers that the savings
would probably be larger. At this
stage of study and plans It is felt
that a very liberal allowance
should be made for the island
work and the relative merits of
the two supplies should be consid
ered on the basis of the quality of
water ana operating cosi ramer
than upon development e;ost," the
report declares, j , T- --,
A Salem jf titration plant, esti
mated to coft $17,000, and an in
take structure on the open river -
estimated to cost $25,000, would
be eliminated under the island in
take proposal. Offsetting portion
of this cost .would be three-quarters
mile more pipe, a river cross
ing, a special regulating! chamber
and perhaps 2000 feet of collect
ing pipe, j i
In addition, to the savings in
capital outlay, a large saving in
operating and maintenance cost
would be made by the Island sys
tem inasmuch as the jf titration
plant would be eliminated.
W. M. OVERGARD
: Republican Candidate
, j fof r :; X - .-
CONSTABLE
Salem District; '
i Tears Business iExper-
I Home Owner and
Taxpayer. " : .
7
lence
Details of the method of devel-
GEO. R. DUNCAN
Republican Candidate
FOR REPRESENTATIVE ,
Ten 1 years active law practice. Twelve
years active experience in municipal and"
: county affairs. : - '- :- . - :- '
For orderly development of Marion Coun
ty and Oregon. For less and better legis
lation. Opposed to legislation wasting tax
. money. .' ' ' -1 "
Greeting.
A huge assortment of Cards to ex
press just the sentiment you wish.
We Suggests as Gifts
Books, Fountain Pens,: Stationery, Mot
toes, Desk Seta, Bibles, Photo Albums.
COMMERCIAL BOOK STORE
f ,1 - r-
Just to Remind You
of 18 years of conscientious, devoted and
friendly service as your . ;
COUNTY CLERIC f
How Candidate for Re-election -
. GRANT BOYER 7
(U. G. Boyer) - If
1 I I
(Paid Adv.)- Boyer-for-Clerk Committee Irimarles
. . - " i - May 16, 19SO
1 ON UNION SOU
Ail lOOMslwiTH Al'M'
J i. All lOOMj j WITH IATH , ,
At . $3130 tingle U $ j double s
1
WORLD-FAMOUS DINING ROOMS
llCIMIONAt (UlilN E t
OINNIR e I Ml
D A N C.I N G
' aifkUf
MUM I R O O M
UNOWNED 0CME5TAJ
-i
A M A Of M N t
JAMES M. McCASI
IY.CI
: i. -t
' -f i
r
i
otfeD
tfoDte:
MM
J
an eirhth to three-eighths of a
size about four by eight feet The
163 N. COMMERCIAL ST.
A. A. GUEFFRO Y
! - i
nils . ... The total are to about
capacity of the pump was approx
. !
J: