PAGE FOUR It : Tg OREGON STATESMAN, Saiga, Oregoa, Tctsday llondag, 1834 ... Souvenirs From Russia ; , 1 ; - f" t.-"-- WW ' M-f W 1 " ; " ; Wo Favor Sway 9 Vs! Ho Fear Shall Awe" .-. From First Statesman, March 28, 1851 ; THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO.. CB4SIXS A. Spkaguk ; ' - Editor-Manager Sheldon F. Sackctt ; - - Managing Editor i 'Member of the Associated Press ' The Associated Prea la exclusively entitled to the one for publico tlon of all new dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this paper." " : " -f" ". . : . ' : ' Portland Representative 1 Gordon R Bell. Security Building, Portland. Ore. ' Eastern Advertising Representatives Bryant. Griffith 4k Brvnson, Inc. Chicago, New Xerk, Detroit. ... . , j Boston. Atlanta " Entered at the Postoffice at Salem, Oregon, as Second-Close Matter 'Published every morning except Monday. Businest office, tlS S. Commercial Street. ... SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Man Subscription Bates. In Advance. Within Oregon: Dally and Sunday. 1 Mo. 60 cents: S Mo 11.25; Mo. $2.15; i year tXOtt. IClsewhere BO cents per Ma, or 5.o for 1 year In ad vine. ' . By City Carrier: 4S cents a month; $5.0 a year in advance. . Per Copy 1 cents. On trains and News Stands t cents. Railroad Report THE interstate commerce commission is the real govern ing body of the railroads of the country now, it and Jo- seph Eastman, federal coordinator of railroads, and the RFC which is acting as railroad banker today. So the annual re port of the ICC is of interest to railroad managers, workers - and owners, to shippers and to the general public. The rail roads have been passing through hard times; but many of 'them are accustomed to depressions. In the '90's the Union Pacific, Southern Pacific, Northern Pacific were all in re ceivership and had to be reorganized. This was the last job of face-lifting these roads have required; and all of them are weathering the present storm successfully, although the S. P. is still failing to earn its bond interest for the full year. The feature of this degression with railroads is that they suffer more acutely because of the competition they are forced to meet. The commission report refers to this ; and in its comments on its own inability to order a general rate re duction refers to the cutting of rates to meet competition: "It la obviously not. desirable to restrict this competition Insofar ma It is conducted on a fair basis. However, before such condition of fair competition can bo said to exist, it will be necessary thaCthe various transport agencies pay the same rates of wages for comparable skin, render reliable service on a . - . non-discriminatory basis, and bear an equal tax burden." Again the report says: . "The competition of other forms of transportation has re sulted both In a -material loss of tonnage and in aloss of rev- enue due to lowered rates. The railroads find It very difficult, ' almost Impossible in many cases, effectively to meet the com petition of tracks, particularly contract trucks, because with Certain exceptions tlhe truck rates are not tilled with any gov ernmental agency and the trucks are free to quote any rate that - will obtain the business." - These facts stick out now when organized railroad labor is renewing its drive for a six hour day without reduction in rate of pay, for pensions and .other improvements in working, conditions. One is not unfriendly to the brother hoods when-he points out that before such increases in cost: may be borne by the roads they " Savings that are effected through consolidations are at the expense of labor. What the roads need is bigger volumes of traffic, both freight and passenger. Part of the increase will come as times improve. The roads may be able to regain . some of the business lost to go speedily if the competitors ditions of competition as the The commerce commission does not recommend ways for improving the situation for the carriers. That is the assignment of the coordinator of transportation. There is certainly need for transportation coordination so that each element may perform the function for which it is specially adapted, giving the country an efficient transportation sys tem. . j Regarding railway freight rates, the commission report does correct the general impression that rates continue at . wartime levels. According to the commission, the average rate per ton-mile is now 22 per cent under the 1920 peak. A Co-op Colony . J A RTICLES of incorporation were filed last week for a ,TjL local cooperative colony. The idea is intriguing. Exper iments along the same line have been made in the past many times. Some flourished for a time and then disbanded. Aurora was one which held together for many years tinder the lead ership of Dr. KeiL R. J. Hendricks tells the story interesting ly in his book, "Bethel and Aurora.!' The Amana society near -Iowa City, Iowa, flourished for many years, but recently it has changed its status. In many cases these communist col onies had religious ideals as well as economic ideas of equal ity. The religion in fact proved to be a very cohesive element. Some of them have been foreign language groups where the language barrier served to insulate them from the rest of the people until following genera Vons merged into the "outside" as they learned the same, language. ' There is nothing to prevent such a colony from getting 'Started, The times are favorable for experiment Lands are available, at low cost, living is cheap, there is a great surge of sentiment toward a new deal which will divide up the whole income among the entire group. Even if it did not suc ceed over a long term of years it might enable the colony to survive during the present distressful times. . $250 is required from each one who joins the proposed colony, which seems reasonable because initial capital will be required. Uany communists think the thing to do is to have a grand revolution with bombs and killings. If they are so convinced of the merit and of the practicality of communism why do not more of them do as this group evidently intends doing, organize a co-op colony of their own and launch their program, and let the Individualists perish in their own stupidity?. : - ' Mayor LaGuardia struck a snag when he asked for extraordinary powers to consolidate departments tn New York city la order to balanee the budget. The governor of the state wrote him a 2500 word letter, which much hare been Just fno repeated that many times., LaGnardia wanted similar powers to what congress gave the president; but the democratic governor of ' New York raised his hands In horror. Governor Lehman protested against a "dictator ship", not against the one in Washington though. . - . Here's a fresh offense. Harry Hopkins, relief administrator, fires the governor of Georgia from CWA and calls him a "headline hunter". Since when did the heads of NBA, .AAA, ETC shun the headlines themselves? Not since wartimes hart editors been under such a barrage of government publicity from the various propaganda bureaus. . . ' h - Speaking of deep-sea locks at Boanevnle, Oregon democrats wired Jim Farley to lend a hand, warning hint the president's visions for the river are not taking "concrete form-. That s what w thonght was taking place. putting his Ideas Into concrete form, with Port land cementr . . , . The New York auto show opened Saturday with the biggest a tendance la many years. From the pictures of the new models pee pie should be carious. Some of the streamlining is so extreme that a person meeting one on the road Is apt to think the world cock-eyed. must have increased incomes. the competing lines, would do were subjected to the same con railroads. Health I By Royal Si Copeland, MJ). ENURESIS, OR bed wetUag, ss II Is more commonly called, la a prob lem that taxes and bewilders tbe young mother. No one will deny that once this bad habit is overcome the health of tie child is benefited and the work of the mother lessened. "How can this habit be overcome 7" This Is a question frequently asked In my daily malL This is a habit and not a disease. Yet It Is essential that the chad be completely examined so that organic defects may be corrected. Anemia, malnutrition, extreme nervousness, highly add urine. Inflammation of the bladder or other disturbance of the kidney or bladder, must not be over looked as possible causes of the tymptom. If your child has been recently ex imined by a physician and the urine analyzed and no abnormalities found, vou may assume that the trouble Is itricUy a habit Do not scold your ihlld or sham him. Bear la mtsd chat once the habit Is acquired It is difficult to break It A food plan ts to offer rewards for dry nights. The chjld will become taterested and make an effort to co operate. Many mothers have had amazing success with their children oy keeping a calendar with red stars for dry nights. On wet nights the child receives no star, but is not pun ished or scolded. Pationco Essential The child should be tajght com plete control of the function by the ao of two and one-half years. Some ehlldren quickly acquire the correct habit while others are alow. As night comes on It Is best to limit the fluids except milk. The evening meal should be a ngbt one. Never give coffee, tea, salt, pepper, sweets and condiments, at this time. Strenuous and exciting play should be avoided at bedtime. Before retiring the bladder should be completely emptied. It Is advis able to give the child attention at IS p. m and again In the very early morning. At no time should the child be allowed to sleep la a wet diaper.. Some authorities claim that a good' plan ts to discard the diaper much earlier than Is usually done. They believe that the warm, thick garment contributes to the bad habit. Bear In mmd that yon are dealing with a habit that requires time and patience to overcome. With proper care, correct diet and every effort made to overcome the trouble, the child win soon become normal. Answers so Health Qveriee t A Reader. Q. What do you advise tor the "itch"? The entire Camay Is afflicted. A. For full particulars send a self -addressed, stamped envelope and repeat your question. ' Ifiss P. B. O, What can I do to overcome self -consciousneu 7 II am a high school girt and suffer tram nervetuness when I have to recits before the class, eta X get so wrought up that r feel sick and cannot eat Otherwise X am apparently well and healthy. '. ? A -For fun particulars - send a self addressed, stamped envelope and repeat your question. , Mrs. J. EL 8. Q. Flease tell me the cause and effect of glaucoma? Would wearlnr glasses help to pre serve the vision T -- A. For . full particulars send a selt-ertdresaed. stamped envelope and repeat your question. - : .j - M. A. Q. What can X do to la crease blood rroppiyt What foods eontaln Ironf . r AwDrink good, rich mOk. eat Over, fresh green vegetables, etc; Spinach is especially rich to Iron salts. For farther particulars send a elf addressed, stamped envelope and repeat your question.' (Copyright. K. T. f JseJ AIRLHC. Jan. t-Vlctor Bev ens, while falling Umber at Cdates mill, cat his arm on the saw quite badly. JTve or six stitches were necessary. Mr. and Mrs. John vr. sons of Crabtree brought her sis ters,- Knin ana Aiyce, back to their home here after a week's visit wUh her. Bits (or Breakfast By It J. HENDRICKS Final bloody chapters of Rogue River and coast Indian wars; Chief John, who fought to bitter end: b (Continuing from Sunday:) The council was not a friendly one. It was evident that It the In dians surrendered they had . In mind the idea thai their seeming acquiescence would be merely a gesture to enable them to recup erate for later raids. m . "You are a great chief," said John to CoL Buchanan. "So am I. This Is my country; I was in it when those large trees were very small, no higher than my head. My heart is sick with fighting, but I want to live In my country If the white people are willing. I will go back to Deer creek and live among them as I used to do. They can visit my camp, and I win visit theirs; but I wUl not lay down my arms and go with yon on the reserve. I will fight. Good by." Whereupon he took his de parture unrestrained, as had been agreed upon. The other chiefs, however, af ter much argument, consented to give up their arms oh the 26th near Meadows, and to allow them selves to be escorted, a part by Capt. Smith to the Grand Rond reservation, by way of Fort Lane, and the remainder to be escorted by other military officers to Fort Oxford, thence by sea to the res ervation. One of the arguments which Capt Smith had felt himself forced to use was that of the hangman's rope should any oi them be taken with arms in their hands roaming about the coun try. On May 2fth, as agreed upon. Smith was at the rendezvous with his 80 dragoons to receive them. That they failed to appear on that day did not give him much un easiness, the weather being stormy and the mountain trails slippery; but during the evening two Indian women brought him the warning that he might ex pect an attack from Chief John on the following day, and hastened to change his camp from low ground to higher, and to dispatch a courier to CoL Buchanan for reinforcements. The changed position laced the camp on an elevation oblong tn snape, between two small streams entering the river from the northwest, and with an open surtace or about 250 by 50 yards; the south side difficult of ascent; the north side stm more abrupt, the west barely approachable, while on the : east the rrnnnil eloped ently. Directly north of I this mound was a similar one, covered , with trees, and within rifle range; Between the first knoll and the river was a narrow strip of bottom land known as "The Meadows." The night of the 21th was a busy one tor the soldiers, occu pied, without sleep, in moving camp and preparing for- battle. Early on May 27th the Indians appeared in considerable force on the north knoll, and directly 40 warriors approached np the east ern slope to Smith's camp, de claring that they had come to lay down their arms, asking to see the captain in person: but Smith knew enough of their plans to avoid being seised by them, and directed them to - deposit their arms at a spot outside the camp. Foiled in their design, the party retired, casting frowning looks toward the howitxer, so planted as to command the annroach from the east A detachment of in fantry was guarding the western approach, with the dragoons sta , Uoned along the front and rear. All this was observed and under stood by the 40 warriors, and could be seen from the north knoll as welL e Finding Smith ready to fight, and that they would not be al lowed In camn with arms In thatr hands, the Indiana attack! about 10 o'clock, charging up the east sua west slopes at once be ing repelled by the howitzer on one side and by rifles on the nth er, when they sought the cover ot tne trees on the north mound. Successive charges were made during the day. Chief John thun dering forth his orders in the voice oz a stentor, and so clearly that they were understand in Smith's camn. Not belnr nhla tn come up by the east slope on ac count oc tne howitzer, nor' the West On aCCOUnt Of the rifleman the savages made continual at tempts to get Into camp by esca- iaae at tne more precipitous sides, keeping; the drazoona tins- tn m vent It, they being, too, at a dis- aavantage on account of the in feriority of their musketoons to tne nnes or the Indians. A number of the attacking party rolled back to the bottom of the cliff, to annoy dragoons no more. Rifle balls from the north mound compelled the soldiers to use the dead bodies of horses as oarncaaes; but no entrance to camp was effected. - Thus passed the long day of me zin. Tne night was spent in digging, without the nrnnr im plements, rifle pits, and erecting vressiworxs. inis was the second night the command had passed without sleep, food, or water. On the 28th the Indians renew ed the attack. To fatigue was added the torture of thirst, It be ing Impossible to reach water without Imperiling the command. The wonnded and the able men were alike suffering a circum stance observed by the Indiana, who caUed out frequently, "Mlka bias tick chuck?' (Ton very much want wator?" "ri.v chuck?" (Want water?") "Halo cauc. Boston?" (No water, white man!) TO this taiint. til. mAAA an other (referring to Capt, Smith's mreai at tne council ground of hanging the Indians found roam ing with arms la their hands), that they had ropes for every trooper, the soldiers not being worth the ammunition it would cost to shoot them; and occas ionally a rope was dangled over the breastworks with, the in vita, tion to Capt. Smith to hang him self, in fairly good English. -(Capt Smith had told John at the COUneil Srronnd 1t anawar tn his defiant utterances: "We wttl eaten and hang yen sir; bat If yon go on the reservation ou can live in peace. Do you see those wagons, blankets, clothes, horses? Ton will have everything nnd. plenty to eat, peace. It yon do not come, do Ton see that rona. alrf So John, when he-had the cap tain at a disadvantage. reta1fitd "HeUo. Captain Smith! Ton go on the reservation? Hlvn hiir chlck (a gVeat many wagons, good traveling); hiyu fcta (many things) : hirn m tr s k-a-m n t a- (plenty to eat) ; hiyu : clothes (Plenty to wear); wake clatawa reservation fit you da not ro tn the reservation ) , take lope, Cap tain smitn ; no yon see this lope. captain amitni") BBB LIQUID, TABLETS, SALVE, NOSE DROPS Cbecka Colds first day. Headaches or.Kenralgia la SO minutes, ilaralln tn S days, 4 Fine .Laxative and Tonic Most Speedy Remedies JXnowa ' CHAPTER FORTT-Sisvjspi :r ' There was an Instant of silence. Patricia's eyes blazed In the pal lor of her face. One hand, was pressed against her heart. Ton won'V shs whispered, Tm sorry; Patricia, but I most certainly wilL1'- r - -''-.mw fNo, Julian, no, yon couldnt be so' rotten."' ir lj Be winced, incredibly," she gnessed thai underneath it all he was as wretched as herself. Ho had laid down an ultimatum. Still, she had never seen him less the old, triumphant Julian Eaverholt, striking, his own hard bargain, ex ulting in his strength and in his power. This man was not exultant. He was unhappy too. "But why?" she asked him piti fully. "Why,' Julian, should you try to spoO my life?" ' "I'm not trying to spoil your life. Im trying to save it for yea.' "You're doing no such thing," she cried, overwrought and frantic "You don't like Clark. You're jeal ous. You're thinking of yourself.' t His look f rightened her. He was so strange and white. As he stood up she pressed back and back. The man advanced. He made no effort to touch her; he merely stopped before her and looked straight into her fearful eyes. ' "Of course, I'm jealous," he said deliberately. "Why should I trouble to hide the fact? X love you, Pa tricia." "I know all about your kind of love," she told him, attempting te seem scornful and remote, but only sounding frightened. Ton know nothing about my kind of love. I've never loved a woman before as I love you. Don't yon understand, Patricia? Pra of fering marriage, I want to marry you." In other moods she might have smiled at the phrasing of this odd proposal. It was so typical of Julian. Kin. Cophetua might so have addressed his beggar maid. Stm. Patricia did not smile. Julian loved her. A .strange and twisted lore perhaps, but the only kind he knew. From the hall outside she heard the slow, inexorable ticking of the clock. She must say some thing. Her glance was stricken. She could not speak. JuHan caught her hands and raised them to his lips. Tm mad about you, darling." "You make it hard for me," she faltered. "It will be hard for both of us," he admitted, scowling, jerked back to reality. StilL it had not occurred to him that Patricia might refuse. He said, "There will be a scandal naturally. But, you won't mind that, will you, dear?" "I would mind," said Patricia, "but rm not accepting you." "You're not!" His astonisment was ludicrous. "Why not?" "Chiefly, because I don't love you." "You're goingto love mel" "No, Julian, you're quite wrong." She looked at him clearly and dis passionately. "You and I speak different 'lan guages. We think thoughts entirely different. We could never under stand one another. I could no more love you than I could love an Eskimo." ! "You're making phrases." "Tm telling you the truth." "But, not all the truth." His face was dark with jealousy. "You have got your mind on Clark, havent you?" "Keen Clark out of this, please," she requested, controlling her ris ing? anger. "If I can't have you." he declared. The Indians expected to cap ture Smith's command, and con stantly called out boastfully of fensive epithets, and such was their daring that they crawled up to the barricades and with hooked poles drew away the soldiers' blankets.' By 4 o'clock the second day a third of Smith's men were killed or wounded and yet no help had come from CoL Buchanan's camp. For a time firing ceased on both sides; the only sounds were the groans of the wounded and their cries for water. About sundown the Indians held a council and planned to charge the white camp with their whole force, "It was an hour never to be forgotten a silent and awful hour, in the expectation of speedy and cruel death." These words were in a letter of a soldier under Smith. But presently, as by the baton1 of a concert leader, an infernal j chorus burst forth the war cries ; of each band in John's host join-, ing in one blood curdling burst' of fury, and the rush was made up the east and west approaches. To their surprise, the soldiers received 1 them with cheers, and returned the charge. , The sirht which Inspired the cheers ar the charge had escaped the eyes of the Indians,' Intent on the' bloody sad desperate work before them. (Continued tomorrow.) "JOSS 1034 ARRIVES NORTH HOWELL, Jan. J. - Little Hiss Shirley Catherine Rez necsik. born i January 2 at the North -Howell home of Mr. and Mrs. Albert-Resnecsik, Is fortun ate In being the first 1IS4 fcaby born In the Silverton district, and as such has been named Miss 1124 by the group of. SUrerton mer chants who annually rlva rifts tn the first baby of the year. Chest Colds Don't let them get a strangle hold Fjght germs quickly. Creo mulsion combines T major helps In one. Powerful but harmless. Pleanant to' take. No narcotics. Your own druggist Is authorized to refund your money on the spot it your cough or cold Is not re lieved by Creomnlsion. . . Adv. MI "I know all about your kind of love," she toM hiss, attempting te seent scornful and remote. his expression baffled yet unde feated, "if I can't have you, neither can Clark Tracy." "Clark has nothing to do with you and me." Haverholt was convinced. He walked once the length of the room. He came back and stood before her. Something in his face frightened her. "I meant what "I said about Clark," the man announced in low' unemotional tones. "I warn you, I meant every word that I said." "Yon cant hurt mo with Clark," she informed him steadily. Tm go ing to tell him the truth myself tomorrow. AH that you've done Is to force the Issue, X hope," she ended bitterly, "X hope you're sat isfied." . "It's too late for that now, Pat- rida," he remarked with a peculiar glance. Be said, "X gave you a promise long ago. I take that prom ise hack." "What promise?" "I told you oncq that I'd stand back of yon. X won't now not with Clark. I wont lose you Patricia. I wont lose you. I tell you I wont." Bos voice was loud. It ran. in the quiet room. He whirled on her. He said all at once, "If you go to Clark with your story, 111 go to him with 'mine. I can assure you that our stories won't jibe. Mine will be a good deal less innocent than yours. Well let young Galahad take bis choicer "You wont, you can't!" Even as she spoke a sense of the futility of her own words overcame the girL She looked at Julian with loathing and contempt and knew that nothing1 she could do would stay his hand. No protest, no plea, no argument could swerve himJ from this set intention. He was as implacable, as immovable, as re lentless, as some7 force in nature. She was caught. trapped in her own indecision. If she had told Clark long ago. .1. . But, she had not. That's blackmail," she whis pered. "CaB It what you like. If s what rm going to do. Patricia, I dont enjoy this. Fm suffering too." "I hope you are," she said vic SCIO. Jsn.' Directors elect ed at the annual meeting of the Sclo Mutual Telephone associa tion Saturday era R. r Shttnn. M. O. Arnold. Ed Stepanek. V. E. sneiton and Mike Bllyeu. The first two are nresident and vice-nrast. dent, respectively. Fran Rartn Jr., and the Scio State bank were elected oy the directors as secre tary and treasarer. respectively. Kates for telephones are t? an. nually la Scio and $1 on the coun- tr llnaa. tha una am la at tm. The application of Mrs. J. K. Weddle tor the position of opera tor at scio was accepted and she was retained for six months. She had been in charge- of the -office here for a number of years. The salary was continued at 1100 per mourn, as tor tne use year. Total disbursements by the company during the last year were approximately J1J H, according to a statement n fc an tary. The association -was shown tu be about -la the- red." ' x : - . . m Ladies Attend .1 Monitor Meeting VICTOR POINT, Jan. 8 Mrs. Phillip Fischer. Mrs. J, C Krent and Mrs. O. W. Humphreys at tended the joint meeting of agri cultural - and ' home economics committees, of the granges throughout the county, held at Monitor Wednesday. Mrs. O. W. Humphreys who has been chair l v LH r -vi. AMiTi Tvv wEODLEH EXCEUNEEOPERATOR y. ajfrss-fcsj tFW iously. "I. hope it kills you. X hate you. You've made me hate you. That's what you've done!" She rose then, rose, stiffly from her chair, and somehow got up stairs. Nor, did the man attempt to stop her. He had bent her to his 1 will. Hs had won his point. The girl would break with Clark: he himself had closed to her any other course. Julian steed In the empty room, alone and frowning.' Suddenly, he gave a brief and mirthless laugh. He disliked his means of victory, but he had no regrets. Time cured . all things, it was his cynical be lief. Thus and absence would make Patricia forget her infatuation for Clark. Once that was accomplished he, Julian Haverholt, would have his chance. It did not occur to him that he might have overshot his mark; that he might defeat Clark and at-1 lose the girL Upstairs Patricia, sat down on her bed, her cold hands clasped, her eyes fixed on space. She did not cry. She was beyond tears now. She heard Haverholt soma up stairs; but he stalked down the hall without pausing. Bow loot she sat there Patricia never knew; the passage of time was nothing. Life itself seemed nothing. She felt cold and weak and ilL After A while she rose and went to her closet. She knelt, pulled out her smart pijr-skin bag and started to pack her clothes. She gsve that up and left the bar half-packed in the middle of the floor. Flight would not help; to leave this house would not Change her situation. Once it might have. Not now. Ju lian would only hunt her -down, chide her for her foolishness, and bring; her back. She was too spent, too weary, to face a future strug gle. Let him win. Let him realize the emptiness of his victory. He might ruin her with Clark. In the end he must see that in so doing he had ruined htaueff with her. It sickened her to think of that encounter in the card-room. She could think of nothing- else. She undressed, got into bed, and still could think of nothing else. J Te B CtinmJ) 19U. by aiag Features Syaiieate, lac man of the H. E. group for the past rear presided over the meet ing of that group. The Union Bill Home Econom ics club will meet Wednesday at the home of Mrs. Verny Scott in stead of the grange halL Mrs. Scott will be assisted by Mrs. W. F. Kreas and Mrs. Henry Pe ters, i. . The student body of the school here held its semi-annual election Friday with the following elected: president, r Marvin Darby; vice president, Elaine Qualey;, secretary-treasurer, Helen Larson. Groshong Again Heads Rural Phone Concern SCOTTS MILLS, Jan. 8. Some from this vicinity attended th an. nual meeting of the Marquam Co operative Telaahnna, anuu-latlAn' held in Mar qaam -Saturday. Albert wosaong was reelected president, John Plas reelected secretary, Louis Plnaer reelected treasurer, and . Erie Larson was rehired as operator and manager,1 i NASAL miUTATlOII I BsUms sII drw. a . pwinmuinn nigra -- ami morning. A1 J. 1 ! - , t i i M ' t ? a t T 4 1 4 1 -i 4 H i ' 4 i 1