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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (April 19, 1933)
LITTLE MERCHANTS . AU Statesman carriers are charged for all papers they deliver. Please notify the of fice when changing address. Telephone 9101. WEATHER Unsettled this morning be coming fair; probably fab Thursday; Max. Temp. Taes. day 58, Mia. S4. river - feet, variable winds. POUNDED last s If 3 i i. i EIGHTY-THIRD YEAR "IBIIIEST i HftSATTfNTinN " OF ROOSEVELT - Ambassador Says President Knows More Than he of Conditions There Intervention not Planned Says Welles; Reprisal; Move Uncontrolled - WASHINGTON, April 18. (AP) Cuba's political and econ omic plight today absorbed White House and state department atten tion as the administration sought first hand information of the strife between President Machado and the enemies of his regime. . After an hour's conference with President Roosevelt In the execu tive office. Ambassador Oscar Cin tanas of Cuba told newspapermen the president had revealed a great er knowledge of. Cuban affairs than he himself had. The envoy said the conversation had been general, and did not touch on the naming of a new Am erican ambassador to Cuba which Is expected momentarily. He added, however, that he blamed poverty and unemploy ment In Cuba for recent shootings and terrorism marking the politi cal struggle. Welles Declares No -Intervention - Planned "Cuba Is having a very difficult time," he said, adding "President Roosevelt's attitude toward Cuba Is very kind." Leaving the White House, the ambassador crossed the street to the state department where he re mained another hour with Assist ant Secretary Sumner Welles, who 1s expected soon to take charge of Latin American affairs, succeed ing Assistant Secretary Francis White. Welles later talked with the president. As he left the White House be was asked if any inter vention in Cuban affairs was con templated. "Most decidedly not," he re plied. HAVANA, April ,,4 -AP- Official circles privately admitted tonight the Machado administra tion is powerless at the moment to prevent police retaliation for "po litical terrorism which has been blamed for 17 recent bombings In the city and suburbs. The officials at the same time attributed the terrorism to a de sire on the part of the leaders in the movement for intervention by the United States. There were rumors, unconfirm ed and denied in government quar ters, that further violence had fol lowed the killing by police Friday of three young Cubans, two of whom were semi-oftlcially describ ed as leaders In the terrorism movement. A statement last week in Wash ington by Cordell Hull, secretary of state, that America contemplat ed no Intervention in Cuba was well received in government cir cles. . The Salem Teachers association met at the senior high school auditorium yesterday and elected officers for another year. Cecilia Mielke of Highland school, was chosen as president to succeed Mary Eyre who had held the post tion for two years. Superintendent George Hug. Cecilia Mielke and Ruth Goodrich all reported on the recent con- . : Ventlon of the Inland Empire as sociation at r Spokane. Reports were given, by the retiring of fle ers Others elected were: Vlce-presl- - dent. Grace Hendrickson of Park; second vice-president, Ruth Lear, 1 HK ns 1H0B H , McRlnley; third vice-president, Mable Dotson, Grant; secretary. f- - Myrtle Beaver, Parrlsh; financial secretary, T. T. Mackenzie, senior high;. treasurer, M. J. Elle, senior high; press correspondent,. Doro- I The property tax reduction com thy Daugherty, Lincoln. I mittee met here today and com Trial of Banks ITfiTf Vrrrcnr1 ma oi. isjsyowu . ' f. - o i n MeVford puMUW, rhlsV phii d n..v. tj.v.- .in J Tried tosL The two are charred Wct: Charles Cleveland of Gres llth SS'SHi mvZ forUe Henry Reed of Portland. itilh of Constable Georca Pre- cott, shot as he attempted to serve a warrant on Banks at his Med- f ord home. DEBT SUICIDE CAUSE SAN FRANCISCO. Anrtl 18. (AP) Henry Weil. 74. a retired merchant, was found shot to death In his Mission district home here tonight. Stuffed into the coal range in the kitchen, and charred by a hastily built tire, investiga- tors found the slain man's account books showing more than 125,000 advanced oa mortgages and notes. Holy Door Opened by Pope Pius 4 i Ushering in Catholic Holy Year i 1 1 I , v M I x ft T , 9- ( i 1 ' 1 - , II ' f 3 ' f k ' -x : :-Vrx-y:-?e: :-".: .v -v i o' a. f 51 s 1 " ' Hls-- Here is the scene as Pope Pins performed the ceremony of opening the Holy Door at St. Peter s, which ritual ushered in Holy Year. The Pontiff is shown kneeling had opened the portal. The Holy opened on the same day with legates. ; E Jury Lockup Order Causes Furore; Execution is Set Ahead Again FLORENCE, Aril.. April 18 (AP) Winnie Ruth Judd's san- JISSJXS SL" UI1VS)1 W VVIiaaiUVUB hurled between counsel tables, after County Attorney Will C. Truman had announced in open court that Mrs. Judd's counsel and not the state, had requested a lockup for the Jury. The request had been made earlier in the day. Granting of it by Superior Judge E. L. Green was mandatory. The court was told of reports that Jurors had been reading newspaper articles dealing with the hearing. Mrs. . Judd had been ordered hanged April 21 but because of the hearing the date was delayed today by the pardon board to April 28. 'May it please the court," said Truman, "we wish the re cord to show that it was the de fense counsel who requested this action and that we did not de sire it." E. W. MacFarland, of Mrs. Judd's counsel, leaped to his feet. That Is the most gross error I ever saw committed in a court of law," he declared. 'It is prejudicial," broke in Thomas Fnllbright, also one of the condemned woman's attor neys, "and he knows there is no possibility of an. appeal." 'It is an error," said Judge Green. "But It Is done now." We want this jury admonish' ed to disregard the remarks of the county attorney," MacFar land said, "and - the county atr torney cited for contempt of this court!?' " v 'I think we can take-that up later," the court i&ldv egofn COMMITTEE ACTIVE PORTLAND. April 18. (AP) pleted plans for a state-wide cam- nafrn In faror flf tha sales tax 2f!,.K IXJl 1 days, it was announced, commit- te- memberg wlu uks the field- to start the campaign I An executive cuuiuiiiuTv nu J. E. Burdette, McMInnville. and Thorn" I berth of The Dalles, second dls- i ttul ! ASTORIA QUITE WET ASTORIA. April ; 18. (AP) The city commission last night granted 16 additional beer sale licenses, making the total to date, 65. Although the recently aaopiea ordinance to regulate '3.2 per cent I beer provided that licenses should be granted only to citizens of the United States and not to persons fornterly convicted of violation of liquor laws, police said today that I licenses have been granted to one I Japanese alien and five persons formerly convicted or liquor law 1 violations. sill m 3 I (i ft i 1 s at the threshold Just after he Doors of four major basilicas were three Cardinals acting as Papel Picks Dunne For Accident Board Place - PORTLAND, Ore., April 18. (AP) Governor Julius L. Meier today announced the appointment of T. Morris Dunne, Portland busi ness, man and sportsman, as a member or the state industrial ac cident commission. Dunne was ap pointed to fill the position left va cant by the death of Charles T. Early. His father. Colonel David M. Dunne, was for many years active in republican politics in Oregon, but until the present appointment Morris Dunne had not held public office, or been active in party af fairs. For 26 years the newly appolnt- ff ! wminiasioner has been secre- tary-treasurer of the Pacific Northwest association of the Am erican Amateur Athletic union. Early died at Salem April 10 following a brief Illness. He had been reappointed to his place on the commission with the expira tion of his first term January 2. Other members of the commission are Otto Hartwig and A. R. Hun ter. Four Killed as Airplane Dives In Whah fTfV7f in rr flCdl r leill ST. LOUIS, April 18. (AP) A plane piloted by 19-year-old William N. Gregory. Jr., of An- gusta. Ark., who obtained his also in the Pirate Inn and Gerst transport pilot's license only a mann store, Puyallup, robbery week ago, crashed in a wheat and holdup. Reynolds is still be- fleld near Valmeyer, 111., today, killing its four occupants. The , dead Jncluded the pilot, his father. wealthy Woodruff county planter; Mayor G. W. Martin of Augusta, and Glen Herndon, 34, Augusta merchant. The party had left Augusta at f a. m. for St. Louis on a plea sure trln. and enerine troubl in. parently developed. Campaign for Sales Tax 65 Handed Beer Licenses Bandit Gets Dnly $38.50 ' To Talk Defaulted Bonds ESCAPE IS MYSTERY PORTLAND - Anril m i nx ' x , ..iL.. . m . iiuun wuv ruierea a now . . . .w-- wu.u.Ug umuit " e uuur today held up three employes of Manning's Inc., and escaped with 188.50. Police were Informed that the robber was not the same one who recently held up the same Office and escaped with 81100. One of the employes stepped on an alarm button while the rob ber was still in the office. Build- ing attendant on the first floor nmBiuy oiocaea au exus umu po- lice arrived, but a search et the ASTORIA SENDS GROUP ASTORIA, April 18. (AP) . The city and port commissions cf Astoria today appointed represen tatives to attend a meeting tn Chicago May S with a group rep resenting holders of defaulted city and port bonds.' i The city named City Manager George Garrett and City Attorney James L. Hope. The port named j in district court here today, Theo- I porch, Mr. Wilson reported yester R. F. Jacobsen. local auditor, and I dore Wahlstrom, 21, confessed I day. Now he and Mrs. Wilson are Port commissioner James O'con - vilL An effort to arrange a basis for settlement of the bondholders' claims will be made at the meet- ing , Salem, Oregon, Wednesday CHILD IS HULED Parents Must not Imperil Life, Unique Ruling In Yasco Affair Family has Disappeared is Word of Guardian; may Make new Appeal NEW YORK. April 18. (AP) Without a dissenting vote, the appellate division of the supreme court decided today that parents have no right to endanger a child's life by forbidding an op eration. The ruling came In the first case of its kind ever presented to the court that of a year old Helen Vasco, daughter of an im migrant laborer. The pretty eurly-haired young ster, specialists say, is doomed to certain death unless a malignant tumor Is removed from her left eye. Mrs. John Vasco, the mother. has been loud in her refuV permit the operation, prln because she was told the cl. eye might have to be removed. "God gave her to me," she has said, "and God can take her away if lie wishes." Tier husband has sided first with her and then with the social wofkers, and friends urging the operation. SUte's Right to Intervene Upheld In upholding the right of West chester county children's court to order, the operation, the appellate division ruling said: 'If the parents or guardians neglect their duties, the state has a right to intervene." In seoarate. but concurring. opinion Justice Kapper wrote: "Children come into tha world helnlesn. uhiaet to a.11 tha fii to which flesh is heir. They are (Turn to Page 2, Col. 4) L El E TlPrtMi InHI 1 t I WUn tnft ;dJed Uefed eonfes sions of Carl Brehan and Phil Wallace today to the evidence mountine azalait tha five men held here in connection with pay- roll and bank robberies throueh- nnt th nnrt)iMt PrnuxMitnr Ppi-mi lAtminn nn.r inform.. tions tonight which he will file in .nneHor rourt tomorrow morn- Intr oharrtnir t mart wttfe fclo-K- I war rohberv I way roooery. - o--- -a I Brehan, Wallace, James De I Long and Frank Butler, who au- up or,J s' Day Marcn "' near American lake when 84500 was taken. All of the men except Reynolds have admitted participation in the O'Day robbery, Johnson said, and ing questioned by the authorities. so iar ne has denied any know- ledge of the allegations, but will Levee Blown up As Mob Attacks m m rt . Jin Q. lXOUZS llUara jsttmnieb. mW Anrii 11 TO MORE 1 KM fAPi natA mt Bni aaftlgttuty.to nurung tne brier but armed men overpowered levee Kuards at Chute Bridre. near Swan Lake, this afternoon and! blew out the levee. The break will flood thousands of acres and Is almost certain to create dangerous situations in the flooded towns of Swan Lake, I Glendsra and Black Bayou. I . .1 . . . i a iremenuous amount 01 arna-i . . , ..In t mn was expioaea. seven oiasis i Wfir. Brd hr t mim iwn j from the scene. Poultice Outlet For Onions Seen BROOKS, Ore., April 18. fAPI A nmwr nt tnr Ita nrln. j Cipal product onions has been discovered by this community, I Tha The onions are cooked and while warn. M t.n1M ..4l.n. weaaaaa, v styyuuv iv uv yvuuw most of them children. Phytic- aawwsj a aeaw vuuutvai A WJ Stv I tan. it i. ai.aI look with favor ,po this mettod. RLAVETl TTCT.r rVRAXE ' , BURLEY. Idaho, April II. (AP) Declared insane br a iurv i slayer of Marion L. Keller: 80. I Burley district farmer, last Feb - i ruary 13, win escape the penalty I that the state demanded for mur- aer . - '. -v Morning, April 19, 1933 Heads Foes of King fish Solon Former Governor John 31. Parker, of Louisiana, who leads the group of prominent state citl sens which presented a petition to the U. 8. senate asking the removal of Senator Hney P. Long from office. The petition charges Senator Long with "personal dishonesty, corrup tion, Immorality, racketeering and bribery," among other things. E Chinese, set up Defensive Base Only 80 Miles From Tientsin TIENTSIN, April 19 (Wednes- day) (AP) Japanese and Man- chukuan troops were reported to- y to nave crossed the Lwan riv er near Lwancnow ana to have launcnea an aiutca on we town. Japanese pianes were saia to ne tombing the region south of the river while artillery was shelling the town from the north bank of the Lwan Lwanchow is on the route to ward Tangshan, 80 miles north east of here, where retreating Chi nese troops established a base south of the river. Previous reports said the Invad ing Japanese and Manchuoans, who have begun a drive in the area south of the great wall and AAat of tht T.wn rivor ha A mt. tempted to cross the stream near Lwanchow but bad been driven back by Chinese machine guns. iitwiMN, cnina. April is. iAr neireaung inineae troops established a defense base today t Tangshan, south of the Lwan v "yKr m u DDn l0T, ocn TVyB oj me aayancing japan ee fOrCCS rp..,.l,,. I. A n vuij ov uiueu ,ni....t tu..i. tii..- . v 6 seaport. To this point the Chinese were Bride on Trial ' For Slaying at Charivari Party MARION. 111., April 18. (AP) A bride of three months, Mrs. XlrmU wit th. Il;f Sallie Byers, went on trial here thrown at a charivari for herself and her husband, Harry Byers, last January. Johnny Wilson, to whom Mrs, Byers allegedly gave the brick which he reputedly threw, is I coargea poinuy vim me onae. m a . t The bridegroom was not Indicted. ueiense Attorney eios Doty 1 toia me jury wiison woum pieaa woma Diea ,eir aeiense. Ififl Tnitira1 ac I ww er Fascists Storm Jewish District I oir'nvnTnTT, nnM..l. A 1 niiuiuwt av, i 1 -vmo ..vu-. I most or tnem jews, were miurea loaay wnen zau tascisu siormea the business district here today. smashed shop windows and attack ed Jewish pedestrians, Twenty persons were arrested, among them several Ukrainians. Four of the victims, whose re covery was considered doubtful, Include two goverment employes, one Jewish tailor, and one Jewess. I A11 "offered bullet or knife wounds. I fhricmac Thief I W VMMW . mm. m m Me. a The night before Christmas, ' vJ 52t J02 trom the residence et Mr. and Mrs. I William H. WilSOU, 83i BOUtll ism street, liomeume atonoay I night the thief returned the skirt I and dress to the .Wilsons' back 1 wondering It the nillow slips will I be returned In like fashion. Mrs. I Wilson hopes so. because they were given to her and' the values tnem above ordinary puiow sups. Vr o ; J. JAPANESE IK M TT TOWN DLL i PROBLEM EYED No Need of Inflation With Much of new Issue not Called for, Shown WASHINGTON, April 18 (AP) The administration to night called In the federal re serve bank governors to stimu late exchange of currency and reached out for command of the growing campaign for inflation. Calling off temporarily the drive on capitol hill for money expansion, the president determ- ited to make existing credit fa cilities more effective as he be gan discussion of other "refla tion" proposals. In announcing the conference here tomorrow of the governors of the 12 federal reserve banks, Secretary Woodin made it clear he was looking primarily for means of putting into operation the idle currency now available to the banks and freeing of four or five billion dollars locked up in closed institutions. Demand for Capital Seen on Increase There is a conviction at treasury' that the demand the for com- capital Is increasing and modity prices Improving but that something must be done to pump the millions of available new currency through the banks to Industry. The door was not slammed at the White House to inflationary steps, but it was emphasized there that no specific adminis tration measure has been draft ed. High administration leaders also hinted quite strongly there Is no thought of forthright cur rency inflation. As for the related silver prob lem. It is the Intention of Presi dent Roosevelt to work this out through an International treaty or treaties In the forthcoming world economic discussions. He (Turn to Page 2, Col. 1) ER' TACOMA, Wash.. April 18. (AP) A fit of anger tonight led Robert Templeman, 15-year-old son of Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Temple man, farmers living three miles from Buckley, to shoot and kill his older brother, Oliver, 20, pc-; lice said, at the family home. The two had quarreled while going to get the cows from the pasture for the evening milking. Sheriff Freemont Campbell said after an Investigation. On their return Robert went into the house, took his father's .38 caliber re volver and walked out into the yard and shot his brother through the temple. Robert told the sheriff after the tragedy that Oliver had picked on him and abused him while they were driving the cows up to the yard. The heart-broken parents were so badly shaken that officers had difficulty in questioning them, but they Inferred the boys had quarreled before. Robert was brought to the Pierce county Jail. Jim and Betty Wed at Cannes CANNES. France. April 18. (AP) Former Mayor James J. Walker and Miss Betty Com p ton, an American actress, grimly ser ious and Insistent upon complete seclusion, were married in the Cannes city hall today. They left by automobile lor Lake Como. N WASHINGTON I BROTHER I Commission to Consider Highway Widening Today Widening of the Pacific "high way between Brooks and Aurora, will be considered at a meeting of the state highway commission to be held In Portland today, ac cording to R. H. Baldock, state highway engineer. Tne commis sion will also discuss the tentative (plans for several toll roads In the Piute. Baldock said prospects for a continuance of the Pacific high way . improvement appeared brlrhter following receipt of a telerram from Representative Mott that at least 8250,000 of fed eral aid funds probably would be released to Oregon within the next three days. This money re cently was diverted to the forest employment relief program by residential order. ' Highway department officials said the meeting would last two days, and that a number of dele gations from different parts et the state would be heard. . Toll roads to be considered by the commission Include the Wil son river and Wolf creek pro jects, the Willamette highway In Lane county, the Umpqua high way la Douglas eounty and the Santiam highway In Linn county, British Engineers get IJght Sentences; Tvo Face Terms Hunt Cafe Closes When Proprietor Leaves Suddenly Hunt's cafe, 222 North Com mercial street, was closed abrupt It yesterday by the sudden depar ture sometime Monday night of Mrs. Fred A. Hunt, . proprietor. who mailed a-letter from outside Salem informing W. S. Fitts, own er of the building, that she and her son were bound for Iowa where her mother resides. The letter declares Mrs. Hunt's inten tion of paying bills owing here as soon as funds are released from a closed Iowa bank. Fred Hunt recently sold his rights In the restaurant to his wife and left the city, according to re ports. The eafe probably will be re opened soon under new manage ment, Mr. Fitts said yesterday. Pier Imbibes Fsh, Bites At Car Tire GARDENA, Calif., April 18 (AP) The mouse that wanted to whip the cat after a snifter of ale was as nothing compared with the pig that wanted to at tack an automobile after partak ing of fermented corn mash. A motorist cruising serenely along the highway near here to night thought he was seeing things when a porker weaved out of a wayside ditch and addressed himself to a rear tire with malice aforethought. The motorist halt ed speechless when he observed a brother of the pugnacious pig trying to climb a fence. The motorist sniffed, investi gated. The rubber-hungry pig lent himself to the foray on the tire. Now Dominic Caprini, rancher. is in jail charged with operating a liquor still. The pigs, sobered. have relapsed into the innocuous ways of pigs. The motorist, you see, was a federal prohibition agent E HUT UHIB NEW YORK. April 18. (AP) At a spot off the New Jersey coast not far from where the giant airship Akron crashed two weeks sgo, the navy located today what searchers believed to be all that is left of the dirigible. They had ample evidence to back up their belief pieces of fabric, a mass of wire, a long sec tion of duralumin and most of the control car. No Immediate trace was found, however, of the 87 bodies still missing. After grappling hooks had struck a large, heavy object, and then brought up many pieces of the dirigible, divers were sent down. They reported back that the sea floor was covered with small pieces of debris. Then they located a large piece of the control car the bottom and starboard side. It was hauled aboard the naval tug Falcon. A buoy was ordered placed over the find, so that the spot could be located If adverse weather made it difficult for the Falcon to hold her position. Conferences in connection with these roads will be held prior to the meeting of the commission. At a meeting here two weeks ago it was agreed to organise a non-profit corporation for the purpo&e of building the Wolf creek . and Wilson river roads. Money necessary for construction operations would be borrowed from the Reconstruction Finance corporation and be repaid out of the tolls. Before funds can be borrowed for toll road construc tion It will be necessary to se cure ,u imcBttiaiai iu iu nroiir struetlcsi Finance corporation law. The present act makes It possible to borrow funds from the Reconstruction Finance corpora tion for toll bridges but no men tion Is made In the law ef toil roads. Telegrams received from Sena tor MeNary recently Indicated that he woald prepare an amend ment whereby the states would be able to obtain federal money for either toll roads or toll bridges. Contracts will be awarded for ferry service along the coast high- war, and for crushed roc a tor work in Douglas, Jackson. Klam ath. Umatilla and Clackamas counties. mm m No. 20 MacDonald 2 Years. Thornton 3; Others Will be Deported Russian Defendant in Bribe Case Treated More Harshly MOSCOW. Anril 19 TO4- -r ( AP ) Two of the six Brit Ish electrical engineers tried on charges of espionsre. bribor an sabotage, early today were given iirnwa sentences, whru th,u were ordered deported an th. other was acquitted. Ten of their Russian co-defen- uauia were sentenced to terms up 10 10 years. One quitted. was ac- The three Judrea ntmnrliln. the court announced the verdict after nine hours and 15 minutes of deliberation. W. H. MacDonald, the only one of the British employes of the Metropolitan-Vickers electri cal firm to plead ruiltv. rMi4 a two-year prison sentence. i. Thornton, the company's chief construction engineer in Russia who was described as a military spy by Prosecutor Au drey Vishlnsky, was sentenced o a three-year term. Three Defendants Will be Deported Allan Monkhouse, the Metropolitan-Vickers director in Ros sis, John Cushny, an engineer, and Charles Nordwall were or dered deported within three days They will not be allowed to re turn to soviet Russia within fire years. A. W. Gregory, charges against whom were withdrawn by the prosecutor, was acquitted. Y. I. Zlebert, who the prosecutor said had engaged In no serious sa botaging activity, was the only Russian freed of the charges. The only woman defendant,. Anna Kututova, the blonde se cretary of Monkhouse, was sen tenced to one and a half years imprisonment. The verdict car ried no death sentences, the se verest punishment being the ten year terms meted out to Vaasill Gusev. A. T. Lobanov, and L. A. Sukoruchkin. for all of whom the prosecutor asked "the high est penalty." LONDON, April 19 Wednes day (AP) Immense relief wat expressed early today in politi cal quarters, when news of tbe verdict in the case of five BriU ish engineers on trial at Moscow was learned snd the worst fears were unrealized. Sympathy for U C. Thornton and William L. MacDonald, the only two British subjects sentenced to prison terms, was expressed, however. Meanwhile it was officially nnounced the privy council has been summoned this morning for a meeting to authorize a procla mation under a recent act em powering the British government to prohibit Russian Imports. Hope was voiced here that the sentences against the Englishmen may be commuted. Sir John Simon, foreign secre tary, and many officials awaited the verdict in the foreign office, but none would comment when it was received. NOTED JURIST DIES BOSTON. April 18 fAP Judge Webster Thayer, presiding Justice of the internationally le mons Sacco-Vanzettl trial, died at the University club after s brief Illness. He was 75 rears old. The Day in Washington (By the Associated Press) President Roosevelt took a direction of Inflation progress and farm bill amendments te that end were withheld pend ing his word, ' President Roosevelt eonferrc with Ambassador Clntaa of Cabe oa island's Internal dlfflcrt1 and commercial relations. Howse ways and mean jniUee approved eotlnnar of one cent gasoline tax assd power for presideat to change postage rates. Secretary Woodin samraoner governors of 12 federal reserve banks to discuss today itimelat Ing currency, exchange and .free ing closed bank money. - Naval board resented Inqnlry to Akroa disaster and sea ate approved hoaae reaotatloa for Jeiai coagrefisioaal favesfi-gatfoa.- - ' . : Representatives of various or ganizations at mass meeting pro tested recognising soviet itsatla.