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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 13, 1931)
TE OREGON STATESMAN, Salem, Oregon, Sunday Morning, December 13. 1931 ..'- - . - -- Valley i m 1 ' ' Edited by -GENEVIEVE MORGAN News of the Prosperous Willamette Valley and of the Varied Agricultural Pursuits of Interest to its Diversified Farmers. This page regular Sunday lea-4 arms an a I neir oncers: tnre of The Statesman. Farm news, farm Information, the story of the successes of various farm operator! published herein. i . -A, w PAGE SIX 17 w REiREHTS POTATO GRADES Inspections Locally Cause Growers, Merchants to Seek Rules Potato grades and regulation. In the past two weeks emphasized locally through the Inspections of S. H. -VanTrump for the county and Mr. Stansberry from the state department of agriculture, are given Terbatlm from the of ficial Oregon Standards pamph let: U. 8. No. 1 shall consist of potatoes of similar varietal char acterlstlcs which are not badly misshapen,' which are free from freezing injury and soft rot, and from damage caused by dirt or other foreign matter, sunburn, second growth, growth cracks, hollow heart, cuts, scab, blight, dry rot, disease, Insects, or me chanical or other means. The diameter of potatoes of round varieties shall be not less than 1 Inches, and of potatoes of long varieties 1 Inches, but lots of potatoes which are not less than 1 Inches in diameter and which meet the remaining requirements of this grade may be designated "U. S. No. 1, 1H Inches minimum". In order to allow for varia tions ' incident to proper grading and handling, not more than 5 per cent, by weight, of any lot may be below the prescribed size. In addition not more than S per cent, by weight, may be damaged by hollow heart, and no more than 6 per cent may be below the remaining requirements of this grade, but not to exceed one-sixth of It Is a ount, or 1 per cent, shall be allowed for po tatoes affected by soft rot. U. 8. No. 2. Similar varietal characteristics which are free from freezing Injury and soft rot and from serious damage caused by sunburn, second growth, growth cracks, hollow heat, cuts, scab, blight, dry rot, disease, Insects, or mechanical or other means. The diameter of No. 2 shall be not more than 1 Inches. Not more than 5 per cent, by weight, or any lot may be below the prescribed size, and, in addition, not more than 6 per cent, by weight, may be below the re maining requirements of this grade, but not to exceed one sixth of this tolerance, or 1 per cent, shall' be allowed for pota toes affected by soft rot. U. S. Fancy shall consist of potatoes of one variety which are mature, bright, well shaped, free from freezing injury,- soft rot, dirt or other foreign matter, sun burn, .second growth, growth .cracks, hollow heart cuts, scab, blight, dry rot, disease, insect or mechanical injury and other de fects. The size shall be stated in . terms of "minimum diameter or minimum weight or of range in diameter or weight following the grade name, but in no case shall the diameter be less than two Inches. The same allowance as in oth er grades is made for variants incident to grading. Such statements as the follow ing will be considered as meet ing the requirements: "U. S. Fr cy, 2 to 3 inches"; "U. S. Fan cy, 10 ounces to 16 ounces". Soft rot or other deterioration developed In transit on potatoes otherwise up to grade shall be t considered as affecting the con dition and not the grade. TALKED AT MEET MOLALLA, Dec. 12 A large attendance was reported at the poultry meeting in the Molalla grange hall Wednesday. This meeting was arranged by County Agent J. J. Inskeep in coopera tion with the agricultural com mittee of Molalla grange No 310. Prof. H. B. Cosby, of the poultry extension department of uregon state college who lee tures to the poultry raisers of Clackamas county, at Oregon City once a month, was the main speaker. , Mr. Cosby talked on the gen era. poultry situation ana ex plained how the poultry business was affected by the business con dltions. He stated that Oregon has a fine egg cooperative asso ciation serving it and that the best quality eggs .must be re ceived to pay the producers the highest prices. He said the Ore gon market has changed from an importing and local market to an exporting market. To do this the Oregon eggs have been competing with the finest eggs from California, Washington and Utah. Oregon produces less than one per cent of the eggs In me united states. He offered suggestions in sizes or hocks suitable, whether tide issue or a major enterprise; Housing, management, feeding, control of disease, care of baby chicks, etc. He stated that if 40 pullets out of every hundred chicks, can be put into the lav Ing house, the poultry enterprise could not help but prove a suc cess. He particularly stressed the- Importance of choosing baby emeus that were blood tested and free from disease. He said that these kind of chicks can be bought right here in Oregon and uackamas county from breeders, Mr. Inskeep has arranged for 0) - series of these meetings METHODS Embryo Rural Teachers Study Problems oJ Farm Under Mrs. Inez Miller By BEULAH H. CRAVEN MONMOUTH, Dec. 12. The rural department of the Oregon Normal school, begun about 18 years ago under the direction of Professor M. S. Pittman, has con tinued to grow in scope, and In benefit to the increasingly large number of rural students attend ing this institution. In common with other schools having a rural department,' the Normal has a Rural Life club af filiated with a national associa tion. Mrs. Inez Miller, who has been in charge of rural work here for the past seven years, believes the Rural Life club is an auxiliary of particular benefit to her stu dents, and to Its graduate mem bers. Each month more than 100 let ters are sent from the club to graduates of the school who for merly were club members, telling them of the new work accomplish ed. In return the club receives let ters from those who are teaching In rural communities, quoting ac tual agricultural situations In their own schools, which form the basis for study and research. No student goes out of the school now without five hours of classwork In 4-H club methods. H C. Seymour, Miss Helen J. Cowgill and L. J. Allen of Oregon State college participate in teach ing one day a week for the last half of each term at the Normal, instructing the rural classes in 4-H club procedure. At the year's beginning Mrs. Miller acquaints her students with operative methods of the agricul tural marketing act. When all are familiar with this, outstanding questions are taken from the daily newspapers, such as the recent milk situation, for study and dis cussion. During the milk war. let ters were received by the rural class from numerous persons In volved In this trouble, both for and against, which offered a fine opportunity to study such an Im portant problem from definite angles of production, consump tions and marketing. The question of taxation Is one that receives most careful study based cn information not on ar gument. At present the federal frm hoard and its work is a ques tion for research and criticism. Mrs. Miller says she stresses the important relation of the rur al teacher to agricultural prob lems so that, in going out into a rural community, tne teacner ia so well supplied with information on farm problems, ana so iuujr conversant with the critical situa tion of farmers ana iarm me iu day that she may fit helpfully and' with cooperative understand ing into the community circle. Two rural centers of teacher training are operated in connec tion with the Oregon Normal school, where the rural stuaeni do practice teaching- in a typical rural school whlcii is iuuy equip ped in every way with property that belongs to the district itself. The rural supervisor sees that these young teachers participate fullv in all rural anairs. such the grange, Parent-Teacher asso ciation, Farmers' union. Sunday school and church, that they may actually cooperate in all affairs pertaining to the community Just as they will when teaching in their own schools. Such training is or very great hcnpflt because, otherwise, tne city or village student would have no background of preparation to cope with the somewhat unique situations which revolve about a nnd-rnnm rural school. Ana OI course a great many students, who In childhood have never attenaea a rural 6chool, must go into a rural school to teach at nrst ior experience. In this way both the young teacher and her pupils profit inestimably rrom ner caie tully supervised rural training. The Rural Lire ciud or tne .nor mal school has for the past two seasons taken over the local mem hrahln drive for the Red Cross. and last winter their splendid work for drouth relief enamea Monmouth to offer a contribution phenomenally large fer its popu lation. Born in Illinois, Mrs. Miner came to Oregon when a young phllrl attending school nrst at Gresham. She completed tne eighth grade at Macleay, a two room school in Marion county. She has never taught In a city school. Her first teaching position was In Curry county. For several years she was principal or the Myrtle Creek high school; also of the Wilbur high school In Doug las county both being rural com munities. For five years she was princl nal of Mountain View, a rural training center of the Normal. She then succeeded Charles H. Fran- seen as rural director of the Nor mal. The rural department was completely organized in 1928. Mrs. Miller's aslsstant is Mti Blanche Radley of Bandon, who has many years of rural school teaching to her credit in Coos and Curry counties. 'CO EASY ADVICE A flood of Inquiries concerning a highly publicized new . cro crown vetch, have been nourim into the Oregon experiment sta tion and the United States depart ment of agriculture since the ap pearance of an article about It In a national farm magazine, savs H. -A. Schoth, associate agron throughout the county and the next one will be held at Colton soon after the first of tbe year, 1 1 m INSTRUCTOR Mrs. Inez Sillier, tn charge of rur al work and study for the Ore gon Normal school, Monmouth. mist stationed at Oregon State college. Crown vetch is a perennial le gume, native of Europe, which has the faculty of growing on very poor clay soil, starting early and otherwise making Itself conspicu ous actually as well as figura tively. Mr. Schoth is recommending that Oregon growers go easy on this crop, however, until further information can be had on its be havior and value if any in this state. In the first place, he says, it is a plant with a strong under ground root system which spreads rapidly and might easily cause the plant to become a serious weed. Anyone who has had to fight morning glories, Canada thistle and similar weeds that spread from such roots Is not eag er to add another problem. Reports from Europe are that the plant there is not considered desirable for feed because of a bitter taste. It has been tested out partially on the Arlington experi mental farm in Virginia and In one case the early green growth was eaten readily by cows. General experimental, informa tion about the crop is so slight that the Oregon station is by no means ready to distribute plants or seed for trial, though some dealers now handle It as a hardy ornamental. PRUNE INCREASES Dried prune exports from Portland for November, 1930 and 1931, are reported as follows ponnda 1930 533.750 103.418 131,500 122,866 , 326.675 58.500 pounds 1931 1.147,080 206,244 74,280 222.600 1,054.389 17.100 847,800 2,750 13,825 89.375 3,100 1.240 109,500 8.400 22.S00 24,500 Gret Britain France ,, , , Belgium Holland Germany Danzig Poland Norway , . 22,388 "l3,00 . 12,375 Sweden Denmark Finland I-ataTia , , .. Italy 32675 Palestine CiechoSlaTakia 185.725 Switzerland Anitria Hungary ' 500 Spain 74,140 Eypt 8,400 Africa 31.800 12,376 61,572 Anstralia-Xew Zeal'd 8 27S Canada Totals 2,078.806 3,899,981 Bulletin Offers Prune Methods Besides Stewed "No matter how young a prune may be, it's always getting stew ed." Thli-Hne from "a . well-known popular song expresses a fact that is probably responsible in a larce measure for the rather mild en- tnusiasm with which many per sons view the prune, according to Mrs. jessamine C. Williams, head of the foods and nntritlon department at Oregon State col lege. "The prune is a wholesome, nu tritious, economical food, which supplies energy, is a good source or iron, contains other necessary minerals, contains vitamins, is a mfld laxative, supplements the milk diet of infants, and In de sirable fruit for all children, Mrs. Williams says. Evidence that the prune can be served in many other forms than stewed is found In a bulletin Na. at a, cauea "rne vain a atm TTan of Prunes, is available upon re quest rrom the college. The average winter tempera ture in unio is so degrees. There are 50,000 beekeepers in -uuiana. 1 NOVEMBER EXPORT Christmas Rhododendron Sale Cultivated Rhododendrons nr M CA Special at : OC to 3)1 .OU - These are nursery grown plants that transplant with absolute safety GIVE GIFTS THAT GROW. Gifts that end are thru the years. Daphne, andromc-da, camellia and rhododendron are Meal Christmas rifts v Select plant now and we will care for It until Christmas OPEK SATURDAY TUX 8 P. M. PEARCY BROS. New location 645 Chemeket R BIG ATE, I DIYJT100K Development Water Held Cause Increase In East ern Oregon Herds By EUGENE GROSS Irrigation Is one of the vital factors in further development of the dairy industry in the Willam ette valley, says E. R. Jackman, extension specialist In farm crops at Oregon state college. The truth of this statement Is readily real ized when It is pointed out that in eastern Oregon, where there are productive, nutritious pas tures and alfalfa hay produced by Irrigation, there has been a 65 per cent increase in number of cows in the last 10 years, while in western Oregon, where pastures are dried up for a large part of the summer and heavy feeding of concentrates and other harvested feeds Is essential, there has been a 3 per cent decrease In number of cows. Willamette valley has all the other qualifications necessary for extensive development of the dairy industry Including climate, type of farmer, good roads, good cows, good cooperative marketing facilities, competition, and size of farm and other factors associated with successful dairying. Much Land Needs it Arthur King, extension special ist at Oregon State college says that there is over a million acres of land in the Willamette valley that are capable of being irrigat ed. Of this large acreage at least one-half is first class land and the other will do for pastures and some field crops. The well drained soils such as the Willamette, Che halls, and Newberg series will grow alfalfa and root crops, and under irrigation will produce 70 tons or more of roots per acre and produce 2 tons more alfalfa per acre, in King's opinion. The hea vier soils such as the Dayton and Wapato series are primarily adapted to pasture. In 1928 and 1929 the dairy ae- partment of Oregon State college kept accurate figures on the pro duction of cows being pastured on an irrigated pasture. This pasture on land that was too heavy ror other crops gave a return of $46 per acre In cheaper production of butter-fat. Costs Estimated At the present time there is approximately $351,000 Invested in Irrigation equipment to irrigate 4500 acres of land in the Willam ette valley or an average invest ment of around $78 per acre. Ac cording to King the cost of a pumping outfit will range from $250 to $1000 or $1500 depend ing upon the lift, distance of wa ter from land, type of power- and size of equipments Three common sources of water supply are gravity diversion from streams, pumping from streams. and pumping from deep wells. The cost of operation may vary from 25 cents per acre for small gravity projects to around $28 per acre for certain pumping projects. For a lift of around 30 feet the opera tion cost should not run over $8 to $9 per acre per year. The strip border method of ap plication of the water is the most efficient, according to King. Strips 25 feet wide by from BOO to 600 feet long give the nest re sults. Chix Fulfill Old Nursery Catch,About rtt.verton. Dec. 12 The Speckled Sussex chickens, owned hv Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Brady of Eureka avenue, almost fulfill the old nursery catch of "something that is white and black and red all over." However, these chick ens are not red all over; they are lust red in spots. In tact tfcev rive the annearance of start- In r to be black and white with the red feathers just added as an afterthought. The Bradvs secured live niras. fonr tiMta and a cockerel of Frank Allen from Alberta. Can ada, a few Tears aro. Now they hiTA eizht chickens. At the two riant Silrerton noultrr shows these birds have been a Dig at traction. Mrs. Brady in speaking of them, reports that they are very good layers and are except tionally fine as fryers. Their eggs are a very light brown. An interesting part of the Ca nadian history of the birds is that four chickens -were sent from England to the Aliens as a weddlnr nresent more than 18 years ago. It Is from these four chickens that the Aliens have built up a large business of the purebred Sussex fowls. The Bradys also plan to . build up a sizeable iioca rrom tneir start. It is estimated that cash In come from Wisconsin farms in 1931 will total $346,000,000. O NO BUM STEER, I o- Km -ft '- 'J -M(S !.- t S- 4 , .i-vV.K. '-' A X j .- ' r in Q '-, vTt, ..;. . y.- C T- 1 & ir ..rv .3 Here's Bradarcliff Thickset, 1,140 pounds of beef, adjudged the in ternational champion steer at the Intern&UoruU Livestock Exposi tion held in Chicago. Mr. Beef is a fall-blooded Aberdeen Angus and comes from Brlarcllff Farms, Pino Plain, N. Y. L PORTLAND, Dee. 12 (AP) Price recessions in practically -all departments occurred on the gen eral market here this week. Grain, livestock, except cattle, butter and eggs fell off. Wheat was down about two cents to 72 for Big Bend, and 57 1-2 for other varieties. Feed oats was off 50c on both white and gray to $24.60. The decline in hog prices was between 20 and 25 cents. Heav ies, 250-290 lbs., were $4.15 to $4.85; mediums. 200-220 lbs.. J4.50-J5.10; lights, 160-180 lbs., $4.85 to $5.10, and feeders and stockers, $3.50 to $4.25. Cattle held generally un changed at last week's figures. Good steers, most desirable weights, were around $5.75-6.25; good cows were $4.00-4.50, and vealers, $7.00-7.50. Lambs were down from, 2 5c to 50c. Choice grade stuff was $4.50-5.00; medium, $3.50-4.50, and common, $2.50-3.50. The hay list was unchanged at the following buying prices, f.o.b. MARKETS SHOW MANY DROPS IS YOUR CAR Lubrication Neglect? Lack of proper lubrication causes excessive parts wear and brings early destruction. Whenever this vital service is neglected, expen sive repair bills invariably result, and the life of the car is shortened. What about your car? What kind of lubrication does it receive? Give Your Car SCIENTIFIC LUBRICATION 1 T W II --.- w WW j HE'S CHAMPION f OK - - . i Portland: alfalfa $14-15; valley timothy $15-15.50; eastern Ore gon timothy $18-18.50; clover, $11; oat hay $12; oats and vetch $12-12.50. Eggs wore down from two to four cents. Fresh extras were 29-30; standards 28-2; fresh mediums, 25-26. Butter was off one cent to 30 for extras, 29 for both standards and prime firsts, and 28 for firsts. Hops, 193 Q Oregon crop, changed in price from 12 and 14 cents to 12 1-2 and 14 cents. Eastern Oregon wool was 12 to 15c; valley coarse 12c and me dium, 13c. Italian prunes were unchanged at from 4 to 6 cents a .pouna. Apple Shipping Shows Minimum No clearer picture of the apple market is offered than the sta tistics on carlot unloads during November for the past three years. Last month federal agricul tural bureau at Portland report ed 17 carload unloads. In the same month, 1930, the unloads totaled 164; and In November, 1929, the figure was 110 cars. DAMAGED When you bring your car here you are assured the moat complete lubri cating service you have ever known. Every friction point thoroughly lub ricated with the proper lubricant in exact accordance with nunufacturer'g specifications. Drive in today and let us show you what we mean by scien txfic lubrication. 75c and up "THE STATION WITH A CLOCK" "Jita" "Bill" FIRESTONE ONE STOP SERVICE E AS FEED IS LARGE So Says D. D. Hill, Agrono mist; Feeding Trails Are Cited Barley production has been steadily increasing In; western Oregon and Just as steadily de creasing in eastern Oregon over the last 20 years, a comparison on census figures made: by D. D. Hill, associate agronomist at the Oregon experiment station, shows'. In 1929 western Oregon pro duced more than a million bush els of barley, after a steady in crease in acreage that was most noticeable in the last 10 years. In eastern Oregon, on the other hand, the census shows that in 1909 there were 100,000 acres of bar ley grown, while In 1929 this had shrunk to 43,000 acres, though the total cereal acreage east of the mountains had Increased close to 225,000 acres. Mr. Hill points out that there is now considerable Interest, and lightly so, in feeding cheap wheat to livestock. On the other hand, if grain is to be grown expressly for this livestock. Mr. Hill calls attention to the fact that in both eastern and western Oregon bar ley will normally produce more pounds of feed per acre than wheat. "For example, at Moro, Marlout barley will outyleld Hybred 128 wheat." says Hill. At the Union station Trebl barley beats the best wheat, and at Pendleton figures show Trebl outyielding the best wheat by 300 pounds per acre. In western Oregon barley .will beat either wheat or oats on fertile, well drained upland soil. . "Feeding trials with barley and corn show that 100 pounds of bar ley Is equal to 90 to 95 pounds of corn. But the corn usually shipped In here from the east usually ar rives with 15 to 18 per cent mois ture, while barley often has a moisture content of 8 to 9 per cent, so that it equals corn pound for pound in such cases." Spring barley is the highest yielding in many parts of the state, but in western Oregon fall barley Is often favored, particu larly as a nurse crop for red clo ver, in which role It Is better than either wheat or oats, says Hill. METHODS ARE TOLD SPOKANE. Dec. 11 (AP) A slim, Jet black beetle, half an inch long, is robbing wheat farmers of Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Montana of as many millions of dollars as the market slump. M. C. BARLEY HIAG WREWDRM ATTACK 'L J"'" i 9144 Lane, associate entomologist In th federal bureau of entomology. tells about the pest, known as the Great Basin wlreworm" in a bulletin. Able to withstand drouth, the wlreworm thrlTes in the face of concerted attempts to destroy It, and cuts down the stands of both winter and -Drfna- rrain. especial ly during years with long, cold springs and winters eoia enougn to Injure fall sown seed. The worms attack sprinjr sown kernels almost as soon as they are planted, in some cases preTenung germination. They also attack the underground parts of the plant after sd routine, killing out the stand in spots. Lane glres four methods of at tack against the pest. They are: (1) Always keep the summer fal low absolutely clean. (2) Do NOT harrow, winter -wheat In the spring; It loosens the soil, offer ing avenues of attack for the worm without benefiting gram. (S Treat wheat with dry copper carbonate to prevent smut. (4) Use enough seed in the spring to allow for some thinning by wire worms. It is not necessary to use more than 10 pounds of addition al seed per acre. The entomologist adds, now ever, that chemicals, always ex pensive, have done very little to control the pest, xxxxxxx o 17 & fell