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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 2, 1930)
Frost Doesm 9t Color Leaves in Fall Time, Says Peck L i CHEMISTRY OF CHANGE NOTED Green Pigment Goes Quick y When Life Dies but Yellow Stays on By M. E. PECK Botanist and Professor of Biology Willamette University The coloring of autumn foliage Is a perfectly normal and regular ly recurrent phenomenon In the life cycle of plants, influenced to some extent by external conditions tut not primarily -dependent upon .them. i . ' Thus the quite prevalent Idea that frost causes the change from green to red and gold has no foundation in fact. It can d no more than possibly hasten i an event that would sooner or later occur under any conditions. Light is a more important factor. Most of us hare noticed that in the Wil lamette valley when rains and cloudy weather prevail during Oc tober, the autumnal coloring of foliage la dull and transitory, but that in seasons of sunshine like that of the present, year, the dis play Is brilliant and lasting.- The development of the color ing is due to chemical changes that take place in the leaves as their tissues die. The yellow col or is realjy In the leaf during its whole life period, but is veiled, by the green. The minute green ) bodies called chloroplasts in the cells of leaves contain two pig ments, one green and the other yellow. With the coming of au tumn there develops a layer of cork-like tissue between the base of the leaf stem and the twig to which it is attached. This effectu ally cuts off all communication be tween the leaf and the parent plant, and stops its water sup ply and causes its slow death soon followed by its fall. With the cessation of life the ereon. and unstable pigment quickly fades out, but the more persistent yellow remains for sometime and becomes visible and hence the "change of color." The red color is of quite a dif ferent nature, having nothing to do with the chloroplasts. It is due to a pigment called anthocyanin that is dissolved in the cell sap. It is usually associated with an abund ance of tannin or of sugar or both, biut Just why this is the case we do not know. ;. -The chemical changes that oc cur in the leaf with the cessation of tlife lead to its development. It U f noticeable that many leaves, such as those of the dogwood have a little blue color mingled with the red. giving them a purplish tinge. This blue pigment is also anthocyanin. When It develops in a "cell 'with an acid cell sap the color Is read, but when the cell sap is alkaline, it Is blue. It is an Interesting fact that the same pigments that paint the au tumn leaves also give color to the flowers. The anthophyl of the ma ple leaf In October does not dif fer from that of the buttercup in March, or the anthocyanin of .the dying dogwood lear from that of the unfolding petals lot a rose. Profuse as Nature is In her color ing, the pigments she (employs are few; yet what Infinite) BkiU In the blending. thi j That efforts on th part of tne Salem chamber of commerce to secure a Carnegie hero award for Miss Echo Balderee were unavail ing is revealed by the announce ment of the awards which has just been made. According to C. E. Wilson, se cretary of the chamber of com merce there has never been a re port from the award committee In regard to the request for recog nition of Miss Balderee who res cued a child from drowning. Bronze medals were awarded by the Carnegie hero fund com- -misaion Friday to 46 persons who performed acts of heroism in sav ing or attempting to save the lives of others. Nine of the heroes lost their lives. To the dependents of one of these,! Jay Booth ' Meredith of Merced Falls, Cal., death benefits ' of 1 80 a month were granted, and a sum of SI. 500 was granted to the dependents of three others to ' be applied as the commission may sanction. One hero suffered injuries, and disablement benefits of 11,000 were granted him. f MISS BflLDFRREE NOT EM AWARD Removal of Conifers is Best iii Spring; Tips are Given on Are yon planning on "install ing" a few conifers 1 this fall? Well, here is a wee tip that may be of value to you and keep dis appointment from your door. Spring is the time best suited for successful , transplanting, of -conifers. They can be moved with little setback up to the time wlien new shoots are starting, and even later by experienced planters, though it is sometimes necessary to pinch off part of the new shoots which otherwise ml?ht wilt. - Now Instead of retting them ready for planting this fall watt a bit - and then when ready in the spring dig a hole a foot lar ger and deeper than the ball of earth which contains the roots. Cover Roots With . Burlap . If you do your own transplant Ing loosen all the way aronnd the tree roots and lift oat Into a bur lap which will neatly cover the roots and fasten aboat the trunk. 7 r ' - - : NEW BUSINESS HOME UNDER CONSTRUCTION I f,Sf w r srr 7 fjtf rf r r tv ty- iTCT VrXr r 1 va 113" ' "' t Minimi ---m-mmm " THIS architect drawing shows the front of the new. Edward Bchonke building being erected On North High street as the home of the Roth Grocery company. Frank R. S treble, architect, says the new building will he finished by December 15. F. Jj. Odom has the contract for its erection. The building, a oaestory structure, will be 56 feet In width by 125 feet In depth. The main store room will be 88 by 70 feet in size. A meat room, kitchen room, vegetable cooling room, warehouse and order f filing room will take np the pace in the rear of the main store room. A basement, the fnll width of the building and extending back for 85 feet prom, the front Is be ing constructed. : - HIGHER TARIFF Oil PORTLAND, Oct. SI. (AP) Revival of the lumber Indus try of Oregon and Washington by means of a "protective tariff fully adequate" to cover the dif ference in production costs exist'; Ing between American Labor and foreign labor, is predicted by Senator Charles L. McNary. Speaking on the lumber Industry here Col. Alfred E. Clark de clared McNary had pledged him self to work for higher lumber tariff. McNary was quoted as believ ing the present dnty of $1 a thousand, to be increased to SI. 50 as a result of a study of production costs, being made by the tariff commission, is only the first step toward achievement of a lumber schedule that will Im pose a tariff of $3.00 on Canad ian soft-wood lumber and a still higher duty on admissible Rus sian lumber, as distinguished from Russian lumber produced by either convict or forced labor, or lumber exported for the pur pose of dumping it on the Amer ican market, all of which is now excluded by law. "One of the greatest valuer in connection with the duty, even though it may be questioned that the protection is wholly Inade quate," Col. Clark said, "is tfiat congress has created a precedent by giving some protection, and congress in the future can In crease that duty to a point where it will afford complete protec tion to the lumber industry of Oregon and Washington.' Valsetz VALSETZ, Nov. 1 Chauncy Ferguson was 111 with the flu on Wednesday and was unable to work.! Ruth Fushang, was unable to return to school Wednesday morning after hurting her left arm ; Tuesday. Dr. Cameron bandaged it and said that the bone was cracked. The P. T. A. gave a Hallowe'en dance Saturday. - O Fruitland FRUITLAND. Nov. 1 Church services will be held at the Fruit- land Evangelical church Sunday school t 10:00 a. m. and preach ing at 11:00 a. m. Rev. Plowman will preach this Sunday. All are welcome. Property of the Fruitland com munity was not molested to any great' extent by the Hallowe'en pranks. They all seemed to spend a quiet evening. - Mr. and Mrs. Orsa Fagg and family attended the funeral of their cousin, Ivan. Smith Satur day afternoon. He died at his home in Corvallls at 2 o'clock Thursday afternoon after a short Illness caused by tuberculosis. The hunting of game birds has drawn to a close of another suc cessful season. Many hunters of this community have kept well supplied with china pheasants, One or two were fortunate en ough to get a deer during season too; -Lloyd A. Lee has almost com' pleted the construction work . of Proper Means When ready to replant place the tree In the hole prepared for it Just a hit deeper than It was for merly in ground. Have good loamy top soil to fill around the ball. Fill dirt in firmly about the tree, or pack in by - flllint holt : with water. The burlap should ' he . loosened at top and pulled back bat do not remove It entirely. -mM4"fj - The top dressing should be loose soil or what Is much bet ter, mulch with straw, well rot ted manure. Evergreens should always be dug with a ball of earth about the roots, and this earth should he kept well moistened through out shipping and planting and after 'planting time. The shorter the time between, digging and planting, the better, if it Is not convenient to water frequently after-planting, a mulch of hay or straw win retard dryiag oat. and leesea the amount of water required. ADVOCATED How Does Your Garden Grow? By LILLIE U MADSEN Anyone who has followed the Primrose Path will admit that It has its pitfalls and disappoint ments, but he will also admit, I am sure, that It Is a gay and charming path to follow prorLvIde, transplant, or set out new vided one choses the right toe tiou for the path and the right companions for that location. One might get discouraged and not find the path so charming should one try to force A. P. glaucescens, a lime-lover, to fol low the path of P. glutinosa, which detests lime. Primroses also lend themselves admirably to collecting and who. at some time or other, can re sist the urge to "collect." And no garden is too small to harbor at least a tiny bit of the Prim rose Path. Very nearly all Primroses like deep, rich, well-drained soil with plenty of moisture in the dry sea son. Most of them also prefer at least partial shade and there are many varieties of Primroses which do well In dense shade where scarcely any other handy plant will thrive. However, there are some of the European alpine primulas which do best In sun. If you have a permanent plant ing of Primroses it Is well to give them an occasropal top dressing of well-decayed cow manure or rich leaf mount. If you plan on making a Primrose planting and your soil is heavy clay that be comes soggy In the winter you should dig a depth of two feet and put down a six Inch layer of fine gravel or broken brick and fill in with loam, leaf-mould and a little sand. Most Primrose experts advise dividing the clumps of the spring blooming varieties as soon as they stop flowering usually late May, June, or early July. And far be it from me to dispute the soundness of this advice provid ed you have plenty of water. But If you live in the country and time and water for gardens are scarce affd you still want Prim 1 ' "I his new 200x50 foot brooder house. He is planning a bigger and better season to follow. Mr. and Mrs. Claude Armstrong were called to Forest Grove Fri day night to see their new neph ew who Is very seriously 111 and not expected to live. Mrs. Stabenows daughter from Corvallls is visiting her over the week end. COOKING SCHOOL POPULAR HUBBARD, Nov. 1 Keen in terest, was shown In the cooking demonstrations and also in the helpful hints en preparing- var ious dishes by Miss Rita Conner, home service expert, Thursday afternoon at the second of the series of two free cooking mat inees neid at the Pythian hall Door prizes dishes 'prepared by Miss Conner at the afternoon meeting, went to Mrs. Neva Mc- Kenxle, winner of the graham cracker j cake. Miss Rose Jordan, named for the oven dinner, Miss Lenora Scholl, a pie, and Mrs. Laura Jackson. Mrs. Florence Barcley, Mrs. Sadie. SchoU and Miss Ruby Crittenden, pastry Hour. ATTEND CHURCH RALLY MONITOR. Nor. f 1 Mr. and Mrs. W. Q Wolfe and Miss Dor othy GIHanders accompanied by iesier woue. or the Open Air sanitarium, Salem, were dinner guests Sunday of t Miss Loreta Wolfe, at her apartment in Sa lem. In the afternoon they at- tenaea tne Young People's Rally at the Congregational church. 8a- lent, f outers attending the rally from here were Rot. d. J. Gil. lanaers and son Kenneth. CLUB WILL MEET AURORA. Nov. 1. The Com m unity club will meet Tuesday evening. November 4. at S o'clock In the Molalla - Electric company office. This will be the first meet ing since the summer vacation of this club. George Ehlen, president, urges all members to be present when out lines for the coming rear will be presented, committees, ap pointed, and the activities of the k organization will get under wayt -o I ? roses for even country folk en Joy a Jaunt along the Primrose Path you will find the autumn a very satisfactory time to dl- Primroses. If you set' them out in early summer you will find you must continuously be running with the sprinkler to keep their heads up. The summer platform of the Primrose Is decidedly a damp One. But If their roots are well set during the damp weather the Primroses will survive the summer with an occasional wet ting. Among the Primulas that like sunshine one might mention the clusiana, a native of the Aus tralian Alps. It is a lover of lime and comes to Its best In the rich deep pockets of a limestone rock ery. Its flowers are carmine with a white eye. Another of similar habit Is the blue P. glaucescens from the Italian Alps. Still anoth er rock and sunshine lover Is the P. marginata, an old-time favor lte. Among the earliest Primroses are P. denticulata. P. rosea, For- restll and Margin ata all of which usually bloom In February and March. Among our April flower ing Primroses we have farlnosa. auricula. Japonlcas, and long! flora. In May and June we have the P. saxatiles, glutinosa, eald aria, luteola. While for July and August there are Capitolas, Cris- pata and Microdonta. One of the latest flowering ones is the deep violet Littonlana, which garden ers tell us- Is a capricious Prim rose and difficult for even an ex perienced Primrose gardener to succeed with. The Plyanthusee, the old-time Primrose, will bloom both In spring and autumn and often an occasional bloom will dribble along through the sum mer months if the plants receive sufficient water. But there are so many differ ent varieties of Primroses that. given propeneart, one can have Primroses in bloom for at least ten months out of the twelve. One American collector offers as many as from 15 to 20 varieties. and there are English catalogues which list more than 130 differ nt types, varieties, and species of Primroses. A type gardener will find it fascinating and not at all difficult to grow the hardy Primroses from seed Mutual Savings and Loan Association A Salem Institution Organized In 1910 Place your savings with us Let us finance your home on weekly or monthly payments 142 South Liberty Street QUALITY and all Buttding Materials Reasonable Prices 610 N. Capitol Telephone 723 or 2248 HIKING GROUP IS 'B0HE11' Miss Burkholder Writes of Organization at Cottage; Chemeketans, Model By BELLE BURKHOLDER Trail m to Salem, the best city on the map." was the slogan Stanley Vail gave to the Chemek etans, and the writer heartily agrees with the sentiment, but has followed a trail that leads far to the south of the capital city. Through association with the Che meketans of Salem the Idea was conceived et organising a similar outdoor club In Cottage Grove. This organisation was perfected on a: hike which was taken re cently to the Bat Caves about three miles south of that city. By dint of much newspaper pub licity land correspondence a num ber of kindred spirits who are in terested in the outdoors and hlk lrife were gathered together for the first hike of the club. A recent trip with the Eugene Obsidians fired the zeal of the writer for the project. An Intense love of outdoors, however, must be born within a person, for while it can be cultivated the inclination must be in herent. So it is with the new ly organized Bohemians. The club name Is derived from the gold, silver and lead mining district, lying about 35 miles southeast of Cottage Grove in the Calapoola range. At times this district has undergone extensive development but at present is dor mant. Most of the ore lying close to the surface has been mined and Jit will now require more capital to delve deeper Into the veins be neath the top. Country Wild Rugged It Is a wild and rugged district and until this summer almost 1m passable for the modern car, but now with the extensive road work being completed it is expected that it will be much more access ible for travelers next summer, The Bohemians are planning on making this region their play ground as Mt. Jefferson is for the Chemeketans. Then there Is a romantic sound to the name Bohemia that has ap pealed to roaming spirits the world over. Gypsies came irom Bohemia and modern Oregonlans with their love of outdoor trails, seem to have a tinge of Gpay blood in their veins. It is well to give vent to the lure of the outdoors and organize clubs to preserve the natural woodland trails in all their beauty. The Bohemians oh their first trip made their camp binder a huge overhanging rock and while the coffee simmered over the bon fire, a business meeting was held and the necessary officers were elected. The writer was elected president, and Mrs. Mabel Dixon, chairman of the local walks com mittee. The organization Is patterned after the Chemeketans as nearly as local conditions will allow. The club, has already been invited to hike: with the Eugene Obsidians Should the Chemeketans ever come this far south, let me say here, it would be well worth their while. There Is much natural beau- tr at the head of the valley, which is a steady incline upward 99-mlles front Salem, with an elevation of 695 feet and surrounded on all stdesi by hills and mountains. Bo hemia mountain and Falrvlew tower rise to at least 4000 feet above sea level and are snow cov- ereUmuch of the year. We Invite you to visit us, and Join us In our hikes. o o ! North Howell o- NORTH HOWELL, Not, 1. George and Sam Schlrman have Just finished building a new silo for Earl Harmon. This is the second large silo on the Harmon dairy farm. The Schlrman's re cently bought the E. O. Wiesner farm Joining, the Harmon place. Mr. and Mrs. O. B. Mcllwaln. J. E. Waltman. Lester Waltman and Arthnr Vinton, have been spending the past week at Sllets fishing. Walter Vinton, who nas PLACES TO VIEW TOLD . Fall Makes New Displays in City of Salem HO ME SITES LOV ELY There are some places to view In- Salem today which will be worth the time of anyone Inter ested in the beauty of color and growing things. The flowers may not be so beautiful as during the summer but there is color In leaves on trees and vines which vies with any beauty of the sum mer or spring. There are still a few beautiful flowers and yards even with all the frosts and rain. Tou will find one of these at 1040 and 1045 South Liberty street; and again there is a lovely display of cosmos between 991 and 965 South Liberty street. You will also find some hollyhocks at the north end of the bridge on Sum mer street; and again there Is a pretty display of fall asters, tiny little things and pom pom dahlias at and just east of 765 Hood street. Now for the leaves and color. Take a long look down the vis ta of Summer street from the Capital grounds and then follow it down to its north end. Catalpa Trees Seen Look especially as you drive down Summer street at the fir .thorn to be found all aldng the street; at the catalpa trees in front of 775 Summer; the Boston Ivy at 980 Summer, and again at 775 Summer. You will find much more as you drive. Then for some other places Just here and there i 1520 North 5th street. Strawberry tree, perhaps the only one In town, in corner of yard at 1178 Chemeketa seed pod worth investigating. Sumack tree and snowballs, 1177 Center street. Walnut trees and snowball bushes, 90"i Center street. - Oak trees in parking of 385 North Summer street. Boston Ivy on fireplace of 426 North Winter. Willamette university campus a farm at Siletz entertained his relatives at his home there. Mr. and Mrs. Carl Mikkelson have rented a farm near Silver ton and expect to live there dur ing the winter. They have rent ed the Webb farm, perhaps bet ter known as the Ben McGlnnis place. ,ena ZENA, Nov. 1 Mrs. Florence Walling Toner returned to her home at Toledo Saturday after visiting for several weeks In Zena and 'Salem. Jesse Walling of Zo na, a nephew of Mrs. Toner and her brother. Grand Walling of Wheatland accompanied her home. Grant Walling to remain indefinitely and neip ner wltn farming operations as Mr. Toner died a short time ago. Jesse Wall ing returned to Zena Saturday. L. D. Waring, owner of a wal nut orchard near Zena and man ager of Vick Brothers' walnut or .chard In the hills north of Zena was here Thursday," Mr. Waring requested that all pickers employ ed la tne two orchards cease work until after the funeral .of his father-in-law, Alva B. Barber who died In Salem, October. 19. inn '1 i i 1 ArK... 1 START YOUR AUTOMOBILE ACCOUNT with tss. Have expense each month Tern" Oakland n4.; . Calea, presoa - -look It over carefully the small scarlet maples in the lawn are very effectiye. I . 7 ' i Sweet gum trees and Haw thorne trees at Chemeketa street side of Dr. H. J. Clements home on 14th street. e : Drive to D. J. Fry Sr. home on South High street, and as you approach from State : street side note the brilliant red of the cot oneaster, Japanese barberry, and the entrance of the south gate way youi will notice that, a few snowballs are In bloom. Yon will find many other places of gay beauty. A drive all over Falrmount hill will be a Joy and when you are ready to go home drive to some high prom, inence like that above the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Lam port and look over the city and away to the west where the bril liant reds and yellows of the polk county hills will flasfi back at you. It is worth your time oetter do it, TULIP DISEASE IS CORVALLIS A discovery In plant breeding that may "out Burbank'; Burbank has been made at Oregon state college by scientists working on the control of mosaic disease of tulips. By manipulating this disease on healthy stock new varieties of tu lips have been made to order, controlling both the color and shape. The method is as yet bo little understood that its possi bilities In future plant breeding can only be conjectured. Several years ago plant nath- ologists here discovered that the so-called V breaking" of tulips bv wnicn varigated colors were ac cidently produced. Is ia reality caused by the mosaic disease. and that striped and varigated tulips were merely diseased plants. In further work on this virus disease with a view to its control, the discovery was made. BEING COiJTRLILLFO 25 DISCOUNT 25 ON ALL PAINT IN STOCK The best Certainteed inside or outside , paint at 25 per cent off. ... Take advantage of these prices early as it is only on stock on hand. . ' COPELAND YARDS West Salem Telephone 576 Dependably serving the lumber consumer on Stop SALEM'S ONLY Complete Service Station TOP WORK Authorized FISHER Body Service, Glass UpKolstering: Body & Fender Repairs Lacquer Painting: Complete Shop Service Washinff Polishing Tirca - Gas Oil Greasing Genuine Oakland-Pontiac Parts BILLION FEET IS CUT IN MILLS' E Lumber Producers Continua Jo Curb Output to Stop Overproduction A total of 30S sawmills report ing to the 'West Coast Lumber- , men's association for the week ending October 25 operated at 45.52 per cent of capacity, as compared to 47.53 per cent for the previous week and 5 per cent during the arly part of 1930. In the 22-week period since the week ending May 24, the industry has operated on an average of 48 per cent of capa city, which has resulted in more than one billion feet being cut from production. This decrease represents more than seven weeks production, at the present rate of cutting, for the entire in dustry in the Douglas fir region of Oregon, Washington and Bri tish Columbia. Production j and orders both showed decreases during the week ending October 25 -when compared to the previous week. Current new business reported by 228 identical mills was ap proximately four per cent under production and shipments were 11.42 per cent under. Orders received by these 228 mills dur ing the 14-week ; period from Ju- ly 21 to October 25 exceeded the lumber output by 4.19 per cent. During the past week orders in the rail trade decreased about 5,000.000 feet, domestic cargo orders dropped , 9.000,000 feet, export gained about 3,500,000 feet, while local stayed approxi mately the same. Unfilled orders increased . 4,000,000 . feet durlug the week. - only one bill for tout car wo . ; -. . JrontlZ3