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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 27, 1930)
Tie C2EGCN STATESMAN. Sake. Oregon, Thmtzy Coralag. February IT, 1930 . . Pinp Minn g iii . - : : - I .: , 1 ; i , ' , , . . O - HNo Favor Sways Us; No Fear Shall Atce" From First Statesman March 28, 18S1 THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO. Chables A. Sfeaclte, Sheldon IV Sacxett, Publisher Charles A. Swlagcb - - - Editor-Manager Sheldon P. Sackett - - - Managing-Editor UmV nf tUn The Associated Press ia exclusively entitled to the w for rpbll eatloa if all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited la this taper. Paeifie Coast Advertising Representatives: Arthur W. R types, Inc, Portland, Security Jgd Ecn Francisco. Sharon Eldg. ; Los Angeles, W. Pac Bids. Eastern Advertising Representatives: Ford-Parsons-Steclier. Inc. New York. 71 Madison Ave.; Chicago, 30 N. Michigan Ave. Entered at the Postoffice at Salem, Oregon, a Second-Close Matter. Published every morning except Monday. Businee office 215 S. Commercial Street. r SUBSCRIPTION RATE3 Maii Subscription Rate. In Advance. Within Oregon: Daily and Sunday, 1 Mo. 50 cents: 3 Mo. $1-23; C Mo. 2.25; 1 year $4.00. Else wberc cents per Mo. or for 1 year In advance. By City Carrier: 50 cents a month: S5.50 a year ia advance. Per Copy i ctnta On trains, and News Stands cents. The Health of the Railroads OCCASIONALLY one still hears apologists for the rail roads who are re-working the old arguments in an ef fort to gain sympathy for the roads because of some en croachment of the government upon their activities. In the contention that followed the adoption of the transportation act of 1920 there was reason for a rallying to the defense of the roads against assaults that would have wrecked them; because the economic life of the nation is dependent on the health of its transportation systems, particularly its lines of railroad. But now when the railroads are subjected to no fresh assault and when the condition of their affairs was never better, the wail of railroad apologists who still try to fan old fears, seems strangely out of tune with the times. In an address before the Denver Commercial Traffic club yesterday Samuel O. Dunn, editor of the Railway Age and self-appointed spokesman for the railway interests, aft er cornplainingthat the-railroads in 1929 earned only 4.80 on their investment as compared witn o.ivvc xn itK, staiea that "the government is pursuing a transportation policy which is in no way helpful to the railways and which, if suc cessful will be harmful to them." The fact of the matter is that the railroads of the Unit ed States are now and have been for the past few years in the best financial and physical condition in their history. Their earnings haye been larger than ever before. While the rate per cent fluctuates from year to year it must be re membered that this rate is based on the book values of the roads and not on cost or on the value establish : 1 by the in terstate commerce commission. The roads are 7 y; better off than they were in the days of unrestricted competition when rate cutting, rebates and subsidies prevailed and great sys tems were frequently thrown into bankruptcy. The roads now are not accountable to commissions- of separate states for their rates as they were before the passage of the Esch Cummins act, and this alone has operated in their favor. Railroad receiverships are now a rarity and virtually every large system is on a dividend basis. The price of railway sjtocks is high and holds remarkably stable, -which is an ac curate index of railroad prosperity. What Mr. Dunn was striking at in particular was the expending of public funds for improvement of waterways. The government spent money for rivers and harbors long before there were any railroads and ha3 continued to do so all through its history. A lot of money has been squandered on pork-barrel streams, and that Is indefensible. But it is sound policy for the improvement of waterways in order to cheapen transportation costs where there is a large volume of tonnage to justify the cost. It does hurt the roads in a degree, but tne added prosperity of the district reacts to the benefit of the roads in creating fresh tonnage for them. It is no longer possible to scare the country by proclaim ing the poverty of the railroads. Their tracks, roadbeds, equipment and operating personnel were never better than they are at the present time. While there is a lull in traffic volume right now, that is temporary and railway officials expect a resumption of normal movement of freight within a few months. . The problem of the United States now as always in the past has been to provide greater facilities for transportation and to lower the costs of freight movement rather than to halt development of one branch of transportation that some competing branch might be prospered. The Dream is Coming True TTVDR years people here have dreamed of the development Jl of the flax industry. For years a few leaders fought for the launching of this industry. The discouragements were many ,and the defeats were frequent. "It couldn't be done" said the many who could see only the obstacles. "It wouldn't pay" quickly poke up those who could think only in terms of what-had-been-done. But the men of faith persisted. They got support of the state officials and appropriation from the legislature. They got the flax industry at the state penitentiary started. After a great deal of work the real experiment was launched, and with that testing has come steady growth and demonstrated success. The growing of flax has proven profitable to the farmer. The retting and scutching of flax and selling the fibre and the by-products has proven profitable to the state. The manufacture of linen products has proven profit able to the factory. Thus the whole cycle of the flax industry is now on the basis of proven success. This is proven graphically by the recent decision of the Barbour linen interests with headquarters in the east to ac quire control of the Miles linen mill located here and to ex pand its operations greatly. This means that the strongest concern in this branch of the industry will make the Salem plant the one for taking care of the twine and fish-net bus iness of the whole coast. It means the doubling of the plant It means support to the movement to increase the growing of flax through the valley and the establishing of retting and scutching plants at various points through the valley. In brief it means the definite establishment of the flax linen industry here on a basis of permanence. . There remains only the working out of the problems of weaving linen cloths. The Oregon mill which has this equip ment has had its handicaps and its difficulties are not yet solved. But it has gained in experience and eventually linen weaving will become successful the same as manufacture of twine and nets. This does not mean that everything is rosy and that im mediate and rapid expansion will or should take place. Not so, for the progress will be slow if for no other reason than the educating of growers and handlers of flax as to just how the work is done. But the development is now on the wajr. The dream is coming true. And Salem will reap the ben cfit of the dreaming and the doing. Salem auto dealers are stepping right out with a special "used car week this week. They are clearing, tht floors of used cars to at to be ready for an active sprinc business. This is the best time to buy a ear because the whole season's use is ahead of 'one. And un doubtedly used cars represent oftentimes genuine bargains because the charge-offs tor depreciation and selling commissions hare ' brought the prices down nearest to real values. What Is the urge which prompts people to send anonymous let ters sometimes aboot the most silly subjects? Editors set them fre quently and so do mea In public office. Even Calvin Coolidge- new living in the obscurity of the ex-presidency, received a threatening letter from some crank the other day. "We guess It is Just a queer twist: tome folk hare which prompts them to waste lai, paper tad stamps on unsigned communications. " fBBBB1'B""'ssaassasBeasaBBBBBBBBsssissBBBBno v Slips, NOW what will the kluxers sayt ii Asaofimtod Preas I v - - BITS for BREAKFAST rBy R. J. HENDRICKS Just plain lying: Attorney Irwin Goodman of Portland is quoted in the Monday issue of tha Evening Telegram "of that city as having made a speech overt he radio calling the Oregon state penltlentiary a "crime school,? and accusing the men in charge of governing the institu tion by fear, with a lot of other statements to th eerfect that Ore gon's penal code is archaic, etc., etc. S The theoretical part of the ra dio speech is largely a matter of opinion, and It shows that Mr. Goodman has only skimmed the surface of modem penology; that he- ia below the sophomore or ev en the freshman class. But he is reported as haying told his un seen audience that In the Oregon prison, "during January, 1928. a young man was hung by his wrists to a 'fish cell door from 11:30 in the morning till 8 o'clock at night," and he charges generally that "the institution is governed by the wrong psychology the psychology of fear; fear of the bull pen where men are locked in tiny unsanitary cells by them selves, virtually Isolated from the world, for as long &3 two years; fear of the bull ring where In mates must walk in a circle for as long as eight hours under care of the armed guard sitting safely epon the wall in guard- tower number 8; fear of being chained by their wrists to cell doors," etc. H That part of Mr. Goodman's ra dio speech is Just plain lying. No such thing as he charges specifi cally has happened or can or will happen. It is just not done. The rules do not permit it. and at the Oregon prison the rules are ob served. There is discipline there. Not archaic iron discipline of the ancient hard-boiled sort; but dis cipline enforced for keeping or der, to protect the voluntarily well behaved from the criminal NOTED AVIATRICES MEET 4. A " X ';. Is5?? f ; v 4 V, I 4 IBss AtaeBa Eariart a& Mrs. Charies Lindbergh as they appeared 5? L2liff Anstelea auto show. Note the striking resemblance Mis Earhaxt bears ts Colonel lindbersa. - ON A SHORT CHAIN who would foment disorder If he were not obliged to conform to proper rules. Discipline tinged with reason, fairness and kind ness. As to Mr. Goodman's theories. He thinks there should be segre gation of the prisoners. There should be. There is, as much as the crowded condition will per mit. He thinks there should be educational classes. There Bhould be. The system Is working to that point. W .fie complains of our criminal laws, most of which he says were enacted in 1864. He seems to want them more specific, as to penalties, etc. This la largely with the circuit Judges. They can make terms long or short. They can parole from the bench, in cases they believe deserving. There Is little in the mole hill of which Mr. Goodman makes a mountain In this particular. He has the wrong slant, any way, in this, in the light of modern pen ology. Punishment ought not to be like giving s dose of pills, so much for this and so much for that disease. Punishment should he reformatory, which our consti tution requires. Modern penology requires that all sentences should be absolutely indeterminate and that man's release should be whenever he Is capable of be ing a raw abiding and self-supporting, citizen, if ever. If never, never. But that the lamp of hope should unceasingly burn. There should be no Baumes law prin ciple in our laws. s After citing a statement of the warden of Sing Sing prison, Mr. Goodman says: "I believe Ore gon should now establish a crime prevention bureau." He later adds: "I believe we should lend our efforts whole heartedly to the prevention of crime, like the pre vention of disease or the preven tion of fire. . . This bureau (the I crime prevention bureau) with 1 I r-v ; : "A" x ' -J i headquarters in Portland, would strive to prevent the main source of crime, namely juvenile delin quency . . . Our slogan should not be the defiant challenge, 'Ton Can't Win' but rather the slogan, 'Crime Can Be Prevented.' Ore gon must strike at the founda tion of crime. The problem is at root largely the problem of adol escent youth." High sounding words. Good sixth grade stuff. "The boy stood on the burning deck, etc. Mr. Goodman says our courts and en forcing officials have "accom plished little more than fill the Oregon penitentiary with the largest prison population in the history of our state 850 prison ers." But that Is small in propor tion to our whole population much lower than the average among our states. Among the Tery lowest. Is He -speaks of Sing- Sing and San Quentln. Oregon has a bet ter prison than either of these a very much more hopeful one than San Quentin, which has no prospect at all for being any bet ter in the way of reformative practices, In the near future. It stands high in educational class es, compared with other prisons in this country. But that alone does not amount to much. An ed ucated and unreformed man Is capable of more harm to society than an uneducated one. In three years only one man has escaped from the Oregon pen itentiary and is still at large only three In all in that time. That does not Indicate any seeth ing discontent, that would surely arise from a wrong psychology; from s government by fear. It in dicates the contrary. The con trary is In fact true. Trades are being taught at the Oregon pris on, and there is rapid progress towards self support. There is no idleness, as there Is in Sing Sing and San Quentin aud most other American prisons. There is a dally wage for the workers in the flax Industry at the Oregon prison. The profits of this industry, as it is going now and In prospect, promises at an early date in four to six years to make the institution entire ly self-supporting, leading soon to s wage for every worker, to educational classes, to segrega gation la time, with new build ings. In short, to the conditions of a modern prison along the ap proved lines of penology. W S In the meantime, there Is not s cleaner prison in the United States. There is hot a more ord erly one. Nor one In which there is less unrest The men in con finement themserres know, bet ter than Mr. Goodman, "what makes a good prison, and what the present program will lead to; and the intelligent among them wish to aid in furthering the pro gram. There can be no finer spirit than that in any prison. Men now there are helping to pave the way for better conditions for the un fortunate men to come after them. H S It Mr. Goodman will stand by and watch, and not throw any monkey wrenches into the ma chinery, nor encourage others to throw any, and it there stiU be no change in the present pro gram, he will soon witness the growth of the Oregon penitentiary into the model institution of this country. It has a better chance for this distinction than any oth er, because, under the revolving fund law, it it developing indust ries founded on products found or grown at home, and not com peting with free labor, bat rather helping IL No other American prlion is so fortunately situated as Oregon's. ' Once mads self-supporting snd with a .wage, for every worker, all the other benefits of modern penology will naturally follow. There can be no sure foundation for; the rehabilitation of prison ers without employment snd a daily wage. On that foundation. aU the rest of the structure can be bunt. -- Declines in Grain fend From th March Guaranty Trust Company, New York One tf the most conspicuous developments Is the business sit uation- In recent weeks has been the decline la prices of grains and cotton to the lowest levels reported during the current sea son. In the case of cotton, the price has been the lowest since the season of 1911-17. when the raw material sold for as little as 10 cents s pound. Both wheat and cotton hare gone below the prices at which the Federal Farm Board has extended loans to cooperative marketing associations 18 cents a pound for cotton and $1.18 a bushel for wheat. Under ordinary conditions, the situation would not be serious, as far as its immediate effects on agricultural purchasing power are concerned. The bulk of the output Is normally sold by farm ers In the course of the autumn, so that the level of prices at this time of year is comparatively un important from their point of view. Bnt under the "orderly marketing" principle that forms the basis of the system of distri bution contemplated by the farm law enacted this year, both Indi vidual farmers and cooperative associations have been encourag ed to bold back their products from the market; and money has been advanced to the, coonerat-, Ives on a very liberal basis for that purpose. What policy the Farm Board will follow under the circum stances Is uncertain. Prices have shown some signs of strength from time to time, apparently due to the general impression that the board, with the vast sums at Its command, would do something to "stabili2e" the market. At the same time, it is believed that to take drastic steps in this direc tion might encourage over-planting this spring, as a consequence of higher quotations, i i In; the, meantime, the board, ,Ir cooper; ation with the Department of Ag riculture, has attempted to use moral pressure in the direction of reduced acreages for the com ing season. The whole situation presents a most enlightening illustration of the difficulties that inevitably beset public agencies created in an effort to control price move ments. The world has witnessed many experiments of this sort in recent years, of which the best known have been conducted in coffee, sugar and rubber indust ries. The methods and principles used have varied somewhat; but. In general, the results have been similar. In rubber and sugar, the programs were directly aimed at the limitation of output, and their lack of success was due principally to the fact that no world-wide control could be ef fected. Restriction In some areas simply encouraged expansion In Yesterdays ...Of Old Oregon Town Talks from The States man Our Fathers Read February 27, 1903 The commercial club has un der advisement plans for a pro posed convention of all vallev commercial clubs, and President Hofer, Frank Davey and J. L. Stockton will take up the matter with other clubs. William Staleer nf tha Silom marble works and his assiat.mt. Drew E. Elimer, are Just complet ing what Is said to be one of the finest monuments over mailt here. These men have worked six weeks on the piece. It is not large, but carved in the stone Is the likeness of the persons whose grave It will mark, and several of the relatives. Richard Max Meyer, who paint ed the life-size portrait of Gov ernor Chamberlain, which was purchased by the last legislature, is In the city from Portland. A nickel slot machine in the cigar store of W. A. Long on State street, was broken into and about $30 In nickels taken. The last of a series of competi tive debates between teams from the Auburn and Middle Grove debating clubs was held in the Auburn school house. Middle Grove won this debate, which gave it the championship inas much as that district had won one of the two previous debates. A Problem For You For Today An increase of pressure of one centimeter raises the boiling point .87 degrees Centigrade. What is the boiling point of wat er under a pressure cooker if the gage registers 84 centimeters of mercury? ANSWER TO YESTERDAY'S PROBLEM 2962 sq. ft. Explanation Square 5 and 60; subtract; from 66 squared; square 56; sub tract from. 65 squared. Add dis tances on north and south, also on east and west; multiply re sults. Modern V requires mevsared heat. The SMOOTHTOP gas range, with oven-heat control, delivers the proper heat'f or every cook ing operation. Its many patented features insure cleanliness, the pride of U housewives. ortbnd Gas 1S8 So. High Cottca Prices Bulletin of The others. The marketing system provid ed for by the present farm board law in this country Is more close ly comparable with the Brazilian plan for coffee defense than with the rubber and sugar schemes. since it Intervenes at the dlstrl button rather than in the produc tion stage. Ostensibly, Its purpose is merely to stabilize prices by the orderly marketing of crops. Stabilization of prices does not imply price-raising. But there Is no doubt that the political groups tn this country which have agi tated for io many years for "farm relief and parity for ag riculture" really desire a higher level ef prices for farm products. and that they wish to raise such prices without curtailing the vol ume of output. Theoretically, It would be pos sible to withhold a portion of an unduly large crop from the mar ket and to release it gradually, provided the next crop were small enough to permit the disposal of the held-over surplus at a reas onable price. But both experience and common sense indicate the difficulties of such a policy. The temporarily higher price would stimulate, rather than discourage planting for next season. As for the more drastic course of at tempting arbitrarily to maintain what Is conceived to be a "fair' price without in any way control ling production at the source the result of such a scheme would seem to be apparent to every careful and unbiased student of economic affairs. It has been rightly contended that the success or failure of the farm board law cannot be ade quately Jndged from the develop ments of the past season. The system Is not yet fully organized, and the policies of the board are (it ill in .th farmoiivA ntsin . Xlnra. over. t(ie strenuous, efforts qS 4 he. board to 'bring about voluntary limitations of farm acerages show an appreciation of the fundamen tal conditions necessary to Its ul timate success. The board has un dertaken an extremely difficult. perhaps an impossible, task, which It Is striving to accomplish In a deliberate and conservative way. Harrasslng It further by premature cries of failure will accomplish nothing except to in crease the already great pressure upon it to resort to drastic and unsound methods. The develop ments of the past year have cer tainly not strengthene.1 the case for cooperative marketing, and It Is dotibtful whether anything but a painful process of readjustment or output can permanently im prove the position of agriculture, But any possibility of betterment through stabUizatlon that may lie In the newly adopted market ing system should be given a fair opportunity to manifest itself. Meal Ticket Gag Works in Same Place Just Once CHICAGO, Feb. 26 (AP) The trouble with William Thom as' system was that he worked It twice in the same place. For 20 years Thomas fainted, foamed at the month and walked out of restaurants without pay ing a cent for such morsels as T bone steak and mince meat pie. Today Thomas revisited the scene of a former triumph. A po liceman found a bar of soap In his pocket. The soap explained enough about foaming at the mouth to put Thomas in the Bridewell long enough to work out a fine of $26. Dry Referendum Will Be Sought In Oregon, Word MEDFORD. Dre., Feb. 26 (AP) A state-wide circulation of petitions by the National Pro hibition Referendum association is being launched in Jackson county by Charles C. Franklin, enroute from San Francisco to Portland to open headquarters offices for Oregon. Franklin Is planning to organ ize soliciting teams for the coun ty before leaving to do similar work in other western Oregon sections. Four Men Killed By Blast in Mine POTTSTILLE. Pa.. Feb. 26 (AP) Four men were killed and three Injured late today la an ex plosion at the Lytle mine of the Lytle Coal company, about six miles from here. Seven members of the first rescue squad to enter the mine were overcome by after damp, but other volunteers brought them out. LEABURG PEOPLE VISIT DAYTON. Feb. 2 Mr. snd Mrs. Byron Taylor visited Mrs. Taylor's parents, Mr. and Mrs. George Hessler over the weekend. Mr. Taylor was one of the engin eers on the McKenzIe river pow- Cooking & Co&e Co. Essential in Croup Wisest Chad Is Attacked Sadj denlj by This Disease, Qniek, Intelligeat Action Is Needed, By R. S. OOPELAND, M. D. r ;LL sntor, from New York rornter Commissioner of Eeoitki Xow For dtp. TSERE are some things waiea' always strike terror U the heart of a mother. He very, mention of croup seems to pan lyxe thought and yet hers fa a wnm wnen in telligent and quick action is. needed. Years agw many physical ailments were! not fully un- derstood. Some diseases, which were formerly con sidered as sep arate diseases, are now found I to be identical What was once known as old- f ashio n ed .COPtXAM "membranous croup" mild diphtheria. is really Another disease, which nsed to be known as "false croup is now called "spasmodic laryngitis." The larynx Is that part ot the throat situated between the wind pipe and the base ot the tongue. The mucous membrane lining of It may become, and does become, highly inflamed In croup. This dreaded croup attacks a child between the ages of two and five usually. It may begin with what seems like a mild cold, possibly with - At .k 1mm will T - i i f f f may b no warning, it all bur a sudden aiiacK aner a coua gen nis first sleep at night Ia a sudden attack, a child Is awakened gasping for breath. He has a slight, barking cough. This cough is peculiar la that tt Is metaluoi sounding, with a sort of ringing! noise. The child has the greatest) difficulty in getting hie breath. The, mucous membrane is so swollen that there is scarcely room for a bit of air to get through. The child becomes feverish, and the pulee is rapid. The difficult breathing usually frightens the child so much that he wants to be taken up and carried. Heroic measures) must be taken to relieve the swelling of the mem brane ot the throat. The first thing to do is to send for a doctor, and. while awaiting his coming, the child should d pot into a hot bath at a temperature of aixnit iOO decree. Be careful not to have the water so hotaa to acald the child. Trv the neat of the water on your own elbow. The child should be kept in the bath from fifteen to twenty minutes. At the same tune, apply cold compresses to its throat. Sometime a hot footbath, into which a teaspoonful of mustard baa. been added, is adequate to draw the blood from the upper part of the, body, giving relief to the sufferer. It ia wise to give an emetic in the form of syrup of ipecac, or syrup ot squills la order to produce vomiting and relieve the gathering of mucus in the throat As this dreaded eroap is realty a dangerous rtlwraw. your doctor as needed because bo will know what to do. There ia also a treatment known as "intubation," In which a tube is inserted into the throat through the mouth so that the child may breathe. As croup Is diphtheriUc. the pa tient should be isolated. Answers to Health Queries : DAILY RKADKR. Q. Wast causes goitre? A, A goitre snay bo caaaed ay over secretion or Improper fuacti ask ing of the thyroid gland. , e C. W. 3. Q. Win lack ot lodhM cause goitre? X. If a lack of iodise la respons ible for a goitre what can be caet Av Tea. S. Ton should include In your diet; all foods containing iodine. For fur ther information send a self -addressed, stamped envelope and repeat your question. er project. They have been mak ilng their home in Leaburg for the past year and a half and are now locating in Portland. S) U LI 0 fioi? thoosflflnc ! New equipment, improved, methods and short-cuta in of-j fice management art conJ stantly proving their Invest ment value. i It is our- business to Jeeep, Informed regarding these sew; (off Ice syjtecu and Improved devices, and we gladly pass (along this information to our customers. ' , .. - ' It Is yours for, the asking I COr.inERCIAL Boqk Store! : Gueffroy ;J1 ? 163 n. com: AL ST. f I 1 aV M SB IT x JoairacSst