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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 28, 1929)
PAGE SIX I The OREGON STATESMAN. Salem. Oregon, Sunday Morning, July 28. 1929 : : ; Ls ' 4 J j i 4 i i if 1 1 I?. Five Kinds of Worms Make Internal Troubles of Our Sheep and Goats in Valley The Oregon State Agricultural College Experts Have Made Investigations and Issued a Bulletin; They Have Found Ways to Control the Trouble mm mm L IS VELVET 11 John C. Burtner of the depart ment of Industrial Journalism of the Oregon State Agricultural .col lege furnishes the following Very Important information for sheep and goat breeders in the Willam ette Talley, for this annual sheep Slogan number of The Statesman: With the rapid growth in num bers of farm flocks of sheep In "westera Oregon which have been proving highly profitable in re rent years, one of the major prob lems developing is that of control of internal parasites. So serious has this trouble become, that ex tensive! work was undertaken by the department of veterinary med icine at! the Oregon State college experimental station, where con siderable original research wqrk has beeja carried out with marked success. While the studies are not yet complete, so much valuable in formation wag accumulated that it has recently been published as station circular No. 93, entitled "Scours in Sheep and Goats In Oregon," by Dr. J. N. Shaw. The most serious of the Intes tinal worms which cause scours In Oregpn sheep and goats can be killed through proper treatment, the experiment station workers found, and methods were deTised which make control of losses from scours both practicable and eco nomical. Due to Parasite "P.vatv KPnous outbreak oi average about two-thirds of an inch long and about half that wide. They are of a somewhat brownish color. The mature flukes are found in the gall blad ders and bile ducts of the livers of infested animals. ."Their life histories are very complex. Each fluke contains both male and female organs, and consequently is capable of lay ing eggs. It has been claimed that a single fluke can produce up to 50,000 eggs. These eggs pass into the Intestine along with the bile and then escape from the bowels with the dung. "Eggs which are kept In water may hatch in from two to sixteen weeksi or possibly even longer. The young embryos, upon escap ing from the eggs, swim very rapidly. They die In a few hours unless they find a suitable snail to attack. In Oregon the. only snail so far found to be attacked by these embryos Is a email one up to one-third of an Inch long, which lives in sluggish streams, small bodies Of still water, and damp' marshy places. After enter ing a suitable snail : the young fluks changes its form several times befre It cones lit. Thus an embryo entering a snail may result in a thousand young flukes leaving it. The young flukes nave long tails when they emerge from' the snail. They swim very vigorously for a short time. In a few hours, however. ry twuu, uu- v ne tag ftre narasites scours in, sneep ana goats encyst on some convenient ob- has been obse Ject such as a grass leaf. These LIuJ1. t are so small they can scarce- w.sr" kit":1" ::ru the uwiButuuu When they are taken in. wtih parasites oi some, Du food or water the flukes escape ddbww uie ...... burrow through the intestinal "There are found In the diges- a1, . .,,,, , tive organs of sheep and goats In ,nftl cayU nM fa reach ureKuu. " lirer, and then pas into this or ent Kinas oi worms. i wn by penetrating the capsule groups or these seem 10 cause wander around in the liver scours, rour M-r3"" ttaae for five or six weeks, grad mreaaworms, wuue iu. ually Increasing in siize. As they flat worm. approach maturity they pass Into usuany uie iu i yuiViuiu Mtbe bile ducts where they remain micsiauon wuii uuu,m . for 8eVeral months, producing a loss oi ne&ii. ne6""' - large number of eggs type or reea, miestea mmus nu kid3 fail to make proper growth. As the toss of flesh progresses the bowels are disturbed and scours usually appear. In some instanc es mature sheep do not develop scours until a day or two before death occurs. I In most affected bands several animals will show symptoms at about the same time. "After scours becomes severe a "Guinea pigs and rabbits, as "well as sheep, have been experi mentally infested by feeding them with material from snails from fluke-Infested pastures. "There are three possible methods of control and eradica tion of flukes on a ranch. These are (1) the treatment of all fluke-infested animals at regu- Thinks Our Farmers Should v.. Keep on Keeping More and More Sheep swelling, which is variously known " f8 i? jaw, may appear under the Jaw, fluke eggs. (2) the destruction of all snaHs" whiclf act as second ary hosts for liver flukes, and SihS -k r, t6D dayS VI f are To'that heep? cat! Treatment Important 'The. affected animals may die the appearance of scours or they " . ' XJ T, ' ilia tn cttWOMi 0fr i "e' and oats can not pasture on appetite usually remains good un til a day or two before death oc curs. If infestation is not too se- them. "Studies at this station have shown that mature flukes may be Trt 11 1-1 A Id -BT A M " . . 1 vere and the animals are well fed. , m, , .: P , tt aDa goats every month in the year at u,A:: and tnat mature flukes: may be JVrr:rr ' vTJu 71 rounJ m them from! June until iuuiw L ii a 11 11 a i L luvao v 1111:11 uc- If Hon. T. B. Kay were in Salem Instead of, on his home ward way from a trip to Europe, he would tell the Slogan man to advise our farmers to keep on keeping more and mere sheep. He wonld.be good authority. He commenced working in hits father's woolen mill when he was nine; he has been connected With the industry ever since. He I has been in charge of the Kay woolen mill in Salem for 29 years, and he has bought a' mountain of wool in that time, and has-been interested directly and Indirectly in the pro duction of wool. Mr. Kay has said often in talk ing before commercial bodies and in Interviews with newspaper writers that sheep are better than hogs; that sheep come to market here In the. Willamette valley without feeding, while" hogs come with half their value consumed in' the feed they must have to render them marketable. There is therefore more profit to the breeder In sheep for mutton than In hogs for pork. And the wool of the sheep Is all "velvet," con sidered for the purpose of this comparison. - More Than Dollar for Dollar Mr. Kay said a year ago that could buy ewes lor 12 a head, and most of them will produce two lambs. Take 100 ewes, and count the increase at 150 lambs, selling at $9 each, and you have $1350, and the wool will sell at $300 to $350. So you have $1650 to $1700 gross for your invesment of 01200. "Can you beat that?" asks Mr. Kay. " He was for a long time inter ested in a 400 acre farm north of Turner, aid he bad 100 head of sheep, and they paid more pro fit than all the rest of the pro duets of the farm, year after year; more net profit. Wool was then selling at around $5 cents a pound. It has often been higher since, and the lambs are higher han hey were then. The wool from ordinary sheep here runs from eight to 10 pounds a head, and from the Cotswoia type to 10 to 11 pounds; though the Cots. wold fleece brings about five cents less a pound than that from the Shropshire type, and the mutton of the Cotswold 'Is not as good as that of the Shropshire. It is coarser. Should Have More Sheep Mr. Kay thinks we should have many more sheep in the S,alem district. The United States has been producing ubout 3 00, '000, 000 pounds of wool a year, and importing about 350,000,000 pounds annually. Our country ought to produce all the wool it uses, he thinks. He believes there Is no farm In the Willamette val ley than can make room for sheep that should be without them. Wool is protected by a heavy duty, and the present tariff bill pro poses to increase it. Keep Still More Sheep " A FLOCK of sheep on every farm and a registered ram Jl at the head of every (flock," is a worthy slogan for this valley. i Henry Porter, veteran breeder of Aurasville, ays you j can make more than 100 per cent on sheep, under certain ; conditions, here in the Willamette valley. How many other lines promise as much? State Treasurer Kay says sheep are more profitable here than hogs, not counting thd wool, which is velvet. We have 140 weeds in Oregon; sheep will eat 120 of them, and turn them into cast. Sheep and goats will kill Canada thistle. Karl Steiwer says it is cheaper to rent land in this val ley for sheep than to pay the high herding costs in eastern; Oregon. Sheep breeding will not be overdone in the Salem dis trict as long as the United States imports over half her wool ; as long as our people eat only about six pounds of mutton per capita annually, while they; eat 60 to 70 pounds of pork and beef. We might keep 100 sheep here in the Willamette val ley, on our well cultivated; farms and our slacker and idle acres, for every one we now have, and still not be doing more than our share towards making the United States self suf ficient in wool and mutton; ' i . : r : - (I SEP BHEED1HG 6000 1 ILEY Nnmerous Successful Farfn ers Testify to Its Value to the District The Salem district is. Increas ing in the sheep breeding indus try. This Is well. There is room for a great deal more growth; and still better attention to the requirements of success in that line. Karl Steiwer, brother of Unit ed States Senator Fred Steiwer, is one of our principal breeders. He says all sheep are good. He has pure bred Oxfords. But he deals in many kinds, and keeps several other breeds. He says it pays to rent land at 15 cents a sheep a month, better than to pay high salaries for herding under eastern Oregon conditions. He believes there 6hould be constant breeding np that we 6bould keep better sheep, as well as more of them. He says farmers should not keep scrub lambs for breed ing. Mr. Steiwer is alse an ad vocate of fewer and better dogs. He is against the sheep killing kind. - S. E. Purvine, manager of the Clifford W. Brown estate wool buying firm, Salem, says the sheep Industry "Is absolutely the best basis of business for the av erage farmer in western. Oregon." He says $100. $150, and even! $200 an acre land can be made to pay here with sheep as a basis.' He is able to make his own farm of 375acres In Polk county pay, with sheep the major operation, where he could not make it pay with ordinary farming without sheep. Ivan Stewart, farm expert, says most farming operatkms here, to j be successful, must have sheep ; in the pioture, and many of them should also have goats. Goats and sheep can be so handled as to kill the Canadian thistle. This list might be extended, to include hundreds of successful Sa lem district farmers, who speak from experience rather than theory. W ID IS ME MIGHTY GOOD Powdered skim milk and but termilk , are practical to feed to calves where the whole milk is sold.- says the O. A. C. experiment j station, especially where lower grade powder is available. Powd-( ered skim milk costs about half as much per 100 pounds as mar ket whole milk, and powdered j buttermilk Is usually cheaper than powdered skim milk. These j products are mixed with water and fed in the same way and in th esame amounts as ordinary skim milk from day to day. velop scours die unless they are " treatedJ "While losses from thread worms may take place at any sea son, most outbreaks of the. trou ble appear after the first fall rains and continue until spring. "Examination of winter lambs less than two m shown ithat threadworm infesta tion nay take place in western Oregon! even in the winter. In tested sheep and giats pass erjjs at all seasons, too. It is known February. These fact prove the danger of pasture infestation at any time unless treatment Is giv. en regularly to flukeTinfested an imals. The cost of carbon tetra chloride is so low tht repeated treatments can be given econom ically. Studies already made In- onths oldT dL?J ttfj th. interval; of time reiween iitaimeou snouid not be more than three to fou weeks. Destruction of snails! may be accomplished In two wafs. One w through draining all; marshy lands so that the sn$ls will not The indirect benefits of sheep breeding ure nearly as great as the direct, in this valley. Sheep will help keep your land both clean and fertile. With the addition of goats, these advantages can be Increased. a i . mm. , m it . . i m- ni i- , find satisfactory livink conditions ninths. Any successful control TlsJs impracticably o ,most of measures must be based upon these tacts. Two Ways of Control "Two methods of control are possible. One is to prevent the the fluke-Infested farms jof west era Oregon. The! other is through the use of copper sulfate to poison the . snails, .This is a chean and satisfactory method of destroying snails. We will not have too many sheep as long as the United States Imports half is wool, or any of it. The sheep industry here Is grow ing. Keep it growing. Oregon Pulp and Paper Company Manufacturers of BOND LEDGER GLASSINE GREASEPROOF TISSUE Support Oregon Products Specify "Salem Made" Paper for Your Office Stationery In trials onntamlnirtinn nf nnstnrps rorrals. "L UVBlroJ vard nd barns with the dron- conlucted at tnJs station! powder. pings or sheep and goats contain ing these worm egg3. This is done ed copper sulfate wai mixed with land plaster at the rate of one to -eight of thmnirh treatment of th animals pound of bluestone at regular intervals. The other ,and P"ter and thif wsU broad methnd In to nreVent anv susreDt- Cast on " et Where the KTO4n snail in question occurred. An info.tart thrftiie-h nsin n , Plication of this nubrture at the tested pastures, corrals. and rate of ab,ou,t ,270 Ppxin&s to the barns.? On many ranehes the most a"e resulted in the destruction practicable control method is a ' f.rom 9o to, 99 pet ceM of the combination of these two. In sna"s Present. Rather limited bands which are badly infested exPfments in grazing sheep on the tetrachlorethylene treatment Pfst"Tes hIcn. had j bee treated should be repeated every week " ine " ' M; ponnds until three or four doses have c!f I ,twJ?e h amou,!t recom- h rln Aftpr thl ft ,a ,nn I nuea maicaaeo ulal We ani Everything In BUILDING MATERIALS Cobbs & Mitchell A. B. Kelsay, Manager &49 S. 12th St. Pbone 813 Oakland Pontiac Sales and Service VICK BROS. High Street at Trade erally ; necessary to treat only those animals which show symp toms, t Sheep and goats not show Ing symptims but running on in tested; pastures should be treated mals will not be poisoned If left on such pastures following treat ment, t "These snails produce at least two broods a yearj one in the at least twice each fall first "t"? r !u luc Iau- " about the time bf the first fall !t?ms dv!a,?e to eat pastures rainsj and second about a month llsl w"nJvspeu n tne later, i If possible, some tempora, Zl' r: , " " "6 oul ry pasture or cultivated ground fan be'or th.e 4 f eg3 e should be provided, specially for !,d-' Cost of reUa5 Pastures iamb- .,vm. iJUnr. J.,t should not exceed five dollars per acre. Tht combination of reeu- lambs and kids. Pastures which are badly infested may be either plowed up or usedL for other live. stock man sneep ana goats.-.The manure from sheep and goat cor rals should not be used on culti vated land which is to be grazed by these animals. "Flatworms or liver-flukes are frequently spoken of as -leeches. They are flat worms shaped some what j like a cherry leaf. They lar treatment of all fluke.infested animals and the destruction of snails by poisoning sive. is ot expen- Gideon Gtols Company i if ' &Ianufaetarers of Vinegar, Soda Water, j !! Fountain Supplies 'HI - - Keep Tour Money in Oregon Buy Monuments Made at Salem. Oregon Capital Monumental Works J. C. Jones A Co., Proprietors All Kinds ot Monumental Work Factory and Office: 2210 S. Commercial St. Opposite I. O. O. F. Cemetery, Box 21 Phone C89 Salem, Oregon This Week n tire - ) ' m 2 I SodwWke, "and the people lli I 11 L I f Rhode, yoa know, are famoos II El A Jtf I U 3 torj-bpb WH,Hook e jump 11 I Itll -fcViS! -t there that bo oUmt man could come II 111 JSKr 1 iffivSSci "3 within yard oCThat'i a fact, nd II 1 11 wl. 1 JURAf5Ur f we were there 1 eould hringjoa I , 1H WMMm 1 lenwhowonldproveit.-hl. 1 ill' -tPm 'TpSMm iH eedto'tleTeU.r - Sill "kOMT 1 toerskedoneofhiaIierm i.l 1 11 W r&fc2Z$9 gl Wlmagii ht yen i,Mw i, I J SWS 1 nashownsyonrleap-P- j j The Boasting I I f Traveler 11 lotoffenowswithneonntefA ?l ma1i en yonr car. ftt y Jwiao-ewi j j : t Frank Doolittle Master Service Station f" l j Complete satisfaction with every Transaction ; I 31 Telephone 66 . V sNrth Com! at Center IH Nearly Every 'Valley Farm Should Have Storage, Washing, Greasing and Wheel Aligning i - 'v. 264 N. High Street Phone 114 It's Surprhin For How Little You Can Protect Yourself A ga inst Travel .Accidents 00 A 11 JLI AR Will Purchase Every Subscriber of The Oregon Statesman Between the Ages of 15 and 70 a $ 1 ,OTQ) Policy Don't spend another cent until you have invented $1 for this protection. You heed it. Your family is entitled to it. Take care of it this minute. . Sign the application below ,and mail it to us with "your dollar. It will be the wisest thing you have ever done and you may then feel secure for a whole year. Here You Are Just Sign the Coupon land You Will Be Protected INSURANCE APPLICATION AND SUBSCRIPTION BLANK .1030 THE NEW OREGON STATESMAN ..Date Salem, Oregon. ""- ' Gentlemen: You are hereby authorized to enter my subscription to The Oregon Statesman tor one year from date. It la nn derstood that The New Oregon Statesman is to be delivered to my address regularly each pay by your authorized carrier and I shall pay him for the same at the regular established rate of 50c per month. j I am not now a subscriber tjo The New Oregon Statesman ( ). I am now a subscriber to ihe New Oregon Statesman ( ). Name .Age- Address City .State Occupation .Phone Beneficiary's .Relationship I am enclosing a payment of $1.00 Policy fee. 1 am to re. eeire a f 10,000.00 Travel Accident Insurance Policy issued by the North American Accidelfl Insurance Company of Chi cago, Illinois. i ' I ' FJoU. Subscriptions mast be pad in Advance s Slogan Si Salem Pbone SO Ore. Some Good Sheep t-