PAGE THIRTEEN
Our High Destinies Here Wait on Use of Available Water
The OREGON STATESMAN, Salem, Oregon, Sunday Morning, May 19, 1929
hi
4?
Hitched to Eternity, the
Wheels of Our Industries
Harnessed to Water's Flow
Vast Undeveloped Hydroelectric Power Is
Available in the White Coal Running
Now Largely to Wast Down Our
Mountains and Valleys
The white coal tributary to Sa
lem to bound to render this city
an increasingly important indus
trial community; a manufactur
ing center working up the raw
materials of the land and the for
ests that make up the supporting
t Tltor? -"jLth potential resources
beyond tfie dreams of even our
present day people, who have al
ready witnessed what would hare
been considered phenomenal prj
gress by the pioneers who saw this
section in the garb of prlmitire
nature.
This white coal of our water
powers largely yet running to
waste Is comparatively easy and
Inexpensive of development. Dis
tance of transmission is not as
much a barrier to progress in this
field as it was even a few years
ayj. But short lines from hydro
electric projects will always be a
factor making for low cost of op
eration and low overhead.
Vast Source Near
Within a distance of 50 miles of
Salem, it was estimated a yer
ago that there were 250.000 horse
power potentialities already mark
ed out i nour streams and lakes;
and the filings have been going
eadlyion -egonts
on steadily since then.
At that time there were within
100 miles of Salem about 60 wat
er power projects with above 100
horse power each, and the devel
oped power of these was 68,
799.24, and th etotal claimed
horse power 529,892. It is reas
onable to estimate a final total
of a million horse power in the
water projects within a radius of
100 miles ot Salem.
On The Santiam
The filings on the power of
Marion lake -and near by North
Santiam water flows have come
inio public notice recently, on ac--,Cirubt
of diverse claims based on
surveys of the cities of Salem and
Albany, for domestic water sup
plies. The filings of the people
proposing power development
there mark out about 70,000 po
tential horse power for hydroelec
tric development. Tl is is per
haps only about half the potential
power of the North Santiam dis
trict's flow. (This is the estimate
of a competent engineer.)
All his power is witthin 100
mile3 of Salem, and over half of
It within 50 miles, and a good deal
of it witl.in a less distance.
This will be cheaply developed,
compared with the average cost of
suh projects throughout the
country.
teaching Further Out
It is estimated that, within 150
Salem, three million horse power
ittay be developed, and within 200
miles, four million.
That is not a long distance. In
terms of transmision of power, for
"modern engineering experts. They
cover twice the distance in send
ing power over their high voltage
lines in other sections, without ap
preciable loss of energy. So the
great Columbia river project Is
within easy reach of Salem power
users, or rather wil be when It Is
developed. Also the vast powers
of the Deschutes, Jusi: over the
Cascades, laid the McKenzie and
other great powers. The Oak
Grove plant of the Portland Elec
tric Power company, on the upper
reaches of the Clackamas river, Is
about the same distance from Sa
lem as from oPrtiand; the v.ator
for the 105,000 horse power pla::t
coming largely from the o'.ernal
snowa of Mt. Jeferson, in the
northeast corner of Maricn county.
Hitched To Eternity
The economic adrastazres of
water powers that ere exhaustles?
If you could, see. how
the dust and dirt your
rarmenta can absorb
m say three months
you would have them
cleaned more often.
We call and deliver
anywhere.
JAPANESE HAND
LAUNDRY AND
CLEANERS
We Call and Deliver
, . Telephone 753
Gideon Stols
Company
Manufacturers of '
Vinegar, Soda Water,
Fountain Supplies
luS As Well At
"wvvf Appearand
I J Demands
Jl gSSr If Frequent
II U aeamog
in point of time are many, and
will be appreciated more and
more.
'Salem had her birth In a water
power project; became a town
through the advantages of its wat
er powers on oN'rth Mill creek,
and then on South Mill creek, aid
ed later in their flow from the
Santiam ditch. The opening of
the latter has a major undertak
ing for the pioneers. The bene
fits still flow from this source;
but they are smart indeed as com
pared with the present power
sources utilized here, and smaller
still in the prospect of the vastly
greater sources that will in good
ime be tapped and their energies
harnessed to innumerable new
plants and made to bestow bles
sings upon future teeming millions
in thia great Willamette valley.
SPREADING LIME
Fertilizers for late spring crops
are best broadcast and harrowed
in at time of planting so they will
be horoughly incorporated in the
soil and be in solution when the
seedlings germinate, says Dr. W.
L. Powers, chief in soils at the
Oregon State Agricultural college.
Best results are reported from
Iowa vperiment staion rials whn
lae treatments are applied with a
fertilizer attachment on the plant
er, the material being gown a hte
side of the rows. Ground lime
stone can be applied with a lime-
Ftone spreader or with a manure
spreader the floor of which has
been covered with heavy barn
yard manure. A tail gate seeder
is also on the market. This at
tachment distribrtes the material
in strips 20 feet wide.
Lime Is bes opplied o soils that
are known to be acid or of medi
um fertiliyt. where legumes such
as alfalfa or clover are to be
grown. Application of one to
one and a half tons per acre are
sufficient. A new. lime bulletin is
available upon request at the soils
department.
SPRING PLANTING TIME!
It Is April, gentle reader, and
the spring planting season con
sists of April and May. the most
desirable period being from
about April 15 to May 15. If
you have been dreaming of the
wonderful things you would do in
the spring, with trees and shrubs
and vines and flowers, it is hish
time to get busy. If you haven't
prepared a definite plan of proce
dure, don't wait another minute.
The folks that can help you in
making a plan or selecting plants
to use are going to be pulling
through a swamp of rush activity
pretty soon, for it's a short sea
son and there is a lot to be done.
The earlier you get started, the
earlier your plant orders are
booker, and you get delivery Just
so much earlier in the season, be
fore growth is started enough to
involve a setback for the season's
development.
Oakland
Sales and
M FERTILIZER
VICK BROS.
High Street at Trade
RaVEHD
We have moved our office from its down
town location at 143 S. Liberty street to
009 N. liberty St.
Our office and warehouse are now in the
Same Building
We have the same phone numbers
GMJLgF
or Residence
No Job Too Big orSmafl for Us to Handle
Local and Long Distance Hauling, Storage
Wood, Coal, Fuel Oil
THE TOMtTQ IS THE
0 MI S OH
The usefulness of the tomato In
the borne garden is plainly dem
onstrated by Its unusual popu
larity, says A. G. B. Bouquet,
vegetable gardening specialist at
the Oregon experiment staion. The
plants are prolific bearers of
fruit, and as a canning crop the
tomato takes first place among
the vegeables. This popularity Is
partly due to the yalue of Its Tlt
amin content. It is sometimes
called "the poor man's orange."
A good stocky plant with a good
root system is of primary import
ance in the successful growing of
tomatoes. At the ime plants are
set out they are from 8 to 10
inches high. The time for set
ting out the plants Is from May
10 to 20 or afer the frost season
is over. I is best that the plants
be se down several hours before
transplanting so hat soil will ad
here to the root system. Com
mercial growers place plans from
4 to 5 feet apart ind the vines
are allowed to ran on the ground.
Home gardeners sometimes use
some method of supporting the
plants, limiting the grown o three
or four main stalks.
Chemical fertilizers are fre
quently applied for the, commer
cial production of early tomatoes.
This fertilizer contains a consid
erable amount of phosphorus, and
not much nitrogen or potash, be
ing in the ratio of 4-1 6-4. On
light soils more potash la used.
When more than 500 pounds are
used, broadcasting is the best
method of distribution, but for
Ml applicalons 500 pounds an acre
is adequate. The best time for
distribution is before the plants
have been se out. The broadcast
application is done earlier than
the hill distribution.
For cannery t omatoes when
early maturity is not expected,
rotted barnyard manure will of
ten tend to increase the yield.
Eight or 10 tons are applied to an
acre wih a supplementary distri
bution of 400 pounds of super
phosphate.
CLEM YOUR PRUNE
Before the season's operations
become extensive, it Is essential
that farm dehydrars be clean and
in good condiion. A strong solu
tion of lye, or sawdust dipped in
lye and spread on the floor will
remove the old prune drips which,
cause much mold and odor. After
2 4 hours the lye and juice can be
removed by washing and rinsing
thoroughly. Trays may be cleaned
by dipping with the same solu
tion, and sunning to areate them.
This kills the mold, making he
dehydrater clean and sweet, says
the Oregon experiment station.
Powdery mildew of grapes,
which is seriously cutting down
the production of grapes in small
er plantings in Oregon, is easily
controlled, says the experiment
station. As the fungus is confin
ed to the outside of the grapes and
the leaves, sulfur dust applied at
frequent intervals during the
growing season will prevent the
development "of the mildew. .Best
results are obtained by beginning
the treatment early in the season,
destroying the fungus before it be
comes visible or does any damage.
The treatment is repeated at 10
dav intervals to keep the growing
parts covered with the dust.
Pontiac
Service
at night 1898
DRYERS IN 1
l
College Expert Tells How
To Control Powdery Mildew
On European Type Grapes
The American Varieties in Commercial Plant
ings in This Section are Little if at All
Affected by the Pest, However
John C. Bnrtner of the depart
ment of industrial Journalism,
Oregon State Agricultural college,
sends the following for this an
nual grape Slogan number of The
Statesman:
The powery mildew disease Is
seriously cutting down the yield
and quality of grapes in Oregon,
according to H. P. Barss, plant
pathologist of the experiment sta
tion. While commercial growers
are not seriously affected, a large
number of persons in Oregon,
growing grapes for their own use,
do not understand the nature of
this disease, nor how to control
it.
While the cultivated American
types of grapes are but little af
fected by the powdery mildew,
the European types and some of
the hybrids of the two types are
susceptible to serious injury by
this disease. The vineyards in
some sections of Europe were once
threatened with extinction by the
mildew, but a means of control
has now been found that is effec
tive the world over.
How it Develops
The powdery mildew, it is be
lieved, lives over winter chiefly
in the buds of grapes, says Pro
fessor Barss. Then when the
buds shoot out in the spring, the
mildew grows out on the new
shoots, onto the young foliage,
and into the clusters ot blossoms.
. The fungus is inconspicuous
early in the season, but later
shows up in the form ot grayish or
powdery white patches on the sur
face of the leaves and sometimes
on the stem. It creeps out over
the surface of the grape berries,
giving them an ashy appearance,
followed by a somewhat rough or
scabby condition. The fruit often
ceases to grow in size as a re
sult of this attack, and in many
instances the skin may split and a
deep crack appear on the fruit.
In a severe attack the leaves may
become crinkled and devitalized,
and even drop from the vine,
while the fruit is rendered entire
ly worthless.
The white powdery appearance
is due to the presence of the fun
gus on the surfaces attacked and
to the spores which it produces
for its own reproduction. These
spores are readily spread about by
insects and by air currents and In
duce new infections; so that the
disease frequently spreads with
considerable rapidity through the
season from a small beginning.
Is Simple To Control
Serious as this disease is, it is
comparatively simple to control.
As the fungus is confined to the
outside of the grapes and the
leaves, sulfur dust applied at fre
quent intervals during the-, grow
ing season will prevent the de
velopment of the mildew, says
Professor Barss, but to get the
Oregon Pulp and
Paper Company
Manufacturers of
BOND LEDGER GLASSINE
GREASEPROOF TISSUE
Support Oregon Products
Specify "Salem Made" Paper for Your
Office Stationery
Let
Kennell-Ellis
Make Your Cuts,
Engravings
or Half Tones
SEE US ABOUT
REDUCED PRICES
.We Can Save You Money
KENNELL-ELL1S
Artist Photographers
.429 Oregon Building Telephone 951
best results he advises that the
grower begin the treatment early
in the season, destroying the fun
gus before it becomes visible or
produces any damage at all.
"It is best to begin dusting
with sulfur when the shoots are
not more than a few inches long
and before the first leaves are full ,
size," advises Professor Barss. j
"The treatment is repeated at in.
tervals of ten days or two weeks
to keep the growing parts covered
with the dust. In fact, in the
early part of the season when
growth is very rapid, it might be
advisable to apply dust at inter
vals of a week, especially 'If the
disease has been severe in pre
vious years. After the trouble is
under control, dusting every two
weeks will ordinarily keep it in
check."
Fine Sulfur Does Work
The finer the sulfur used the
less it takes to do the work and
the better it will adhere to the
vines, says Professor Barss, who
recommends that the material us
ed be the best obtainable either
in the form of ground sulfur or of
sublime sulfur, known as flowens
of sulfur. It is best applied with
some kind 6f blower or dust gun.
Small outfits are obtainable at the
larger seed stores.
For best results dusting la done
only when the air is still; just
before or after sunrise is usually
a good time. A heavy covering ot
dust is not necessary, if it is uni
formly and thoroughly distributed
over all exposed parts, says Pro
fessor Barss.
It does not hurt to apply sulfur
dust while the grape clusters are
in tul bloom, It has been found,
some growers even reporting an
apparent Increase in fruit as a re
sult of Buch a practice.
"The main things to be ob
served in connection with the pre
vention of powdery mildew are an
early start and repeated applica
tions until the middle ot the sum
mer when the danger of mildew
damage Is practically over," Says
Professor Barss.
Keep Your Money in Oregon
Buy Monuments Made at
Salem, Oregon
ranital Monumental Works
J. C. Jones & Co., Proprietors
- All Kinds ot Monumental
Work
Factory and Office:
2210 S. Commercial St.
Opposite L O. O. F
Cemetery, Box 21
Phone 689 Salem, Oregon
UK PEA
ID REM HPS
Thorough inoculation of beans
and peas with root nodule bacter
ia is one of the essential factors
in getting a good stand, says Dr.
W. V. Halversen, asociate bacter
iologist of the Oregon State Agrl
cultaral college. Many planters
rely on the possibility of suffici
ent bacteria being present in the
soil, but eiperimens in various
pars of the country have shown
that artificial cultures, when ap
plied to the seed a time of plant
ing, increase the yield consider
ably. Several thousand acres of land
In Umatilla county are being pre
pared for beans under contract of
a large canning firm, which has
asked Dr. Halversen to supervise
the inoculation of the seed with
root nodule bacteria as soon as
weaher conditions permit. A
Washington-Idaho seed company
also has a contract for 1000 acres
of field peas in Umatilla county
which require inoculation.
Experimental tests to prove the
value of inoculation and deter
mine he most effective ani effici
ent methods of application on
beans and peas are planned by the
bacteriology department of O. A.
C. in cooperation with Walter A.
Holt. couny agent, Umatilla
county.
CUT DEAD FLOWERS
During your walk around your
garden, carry a smal basket and
a pair ot shears to cut off all dead
flowers. Just as Boon as the
bloom of a bulb has passed Its
stage of beauty, it should be cut
off In order to keep the beauty
and neatness of the garden. Like
wise all perennial plants whose
blooms have ended should be cut
off. Cutting" a few dead flowers
each day will keep your flower
bed clean and fresh all the time.
Everything In
BUILDING
MATERIALS
Cobbs & Mitchell
A. B. Keisay, Manager
349 S. 12th St. Tbone 813
Your health depends
on what you eat.
FISHER'S FAST COOK
ING TOASTED WHEAT
every morning will keep
you well. WHY? Because
it retains 100 of the
wheat, precooked wonder
ful flavor easy to prepare.
Cooks in three to five min
utes. Costs less than lc per
dish.
FISCHER FLOUR
ING MILLS
8flTprton, Ore.
An Grocers
247 Union Ave.
Portland, Ore.
Phone E.6033
REFRIGERATOR
Season Is Now Here!
Come in and see our complete stock of new refrig
erators, in all sizes and styles. We have a size for
every home at the price you want to pay.
For those who live
in the apartment
we have the refrig
erator to suit your
individual needs.
Open
Your
Account
Today
Water Power, Gift of God
THE average old timer of Oregon, yclept the webfoot state,
would have been jarred by the assertion that the ultimate
great future of Salem and the Willamette valley is tied up
with water
The use of water for power and irrigation.
But that fact is evident to every upstanding observer now.
Two-thirds of the water powers of the United States are in
the Pacific coast states. Oregon has an eighth of the water
powers of the country. Four million or more horse power is
running to waste within a radius of 200 miles of Salem; a
half million not far outside of a radius of 50 miles ; certainly
no toutside of a 100 mile circle.
The Willamette valley is the certain stage of a future
population of ten millions of people, or more. WTith the use
of our undeveloped water powers and the available water for
irrigation, this will be possible; with such a population
maintained in comfort and in a high stage of average pros
perity. The available water used for rrigation will mean suger
factories all over the valley ; the full development of our flax
and linen industries; the greatest dairying section of like
extent m the world ; vast truck garden and orchard develop
ments, and a long train of indirect benefits in the way of
stabilized industries on the land backing up the industries of !
the cities and towns, supplied with their raw products from
the annual crops and the constantly ripening harvest.
Our water powers are as "permanent as the revolution of
the earth ; as certain as the sun." The resource of water, this
gift of God, through the laws of nature, s a value that never
diminishes, never dies, neve ris consumed, never wears out,
never is used to exhaustion, destruction or extraction. This
clean white coal,, possible benison and blessing, is as free as
the grace of God for the taking ; for bestowal n answer to the
call of industry and science.
What a picture of the future! But a true picture, only
waiting the magic brush of the practical painter of progress.
Rich soil, in good producing
condiion, la necessary to secure a
large yield of root crops in Ore
gon, finds the experiment station
Applications of 20 to 40 ons of
barnyard manure an acre- are not
uncommon, and the crops are in
such cases often grown on the
same lad several years In succes
BRING IN
YOUR NEW WHEAT
And exchange it for hard wheat patent flour, or any
of our long list of milling specialties. We do custom
grinding. We supply what you need for what you have.
CHERRY CITY MILLING CO.
Salem, Oregon
481 Trade St. Phone 318
We have obtained the distribution of
CERTAIN-TEED
Paints and Varnishes
And are making an introductory offer
Anyone desiring paint for any purpose for inside or
outside work, of the highest quality made will
find it to their advantage to see us.
P. CPE1L AN
LUMBER YARD
West Salem Telephone S76
"Dependably Serving the Lumber Consumer'
pa
it ree
With Every Refrigerator
Sold New or Used
CONVENIENT
TERMS
ARRANGED
lice
lTRnnT?TmiiTTrTnT?.iDnnm ire
aiiftTOiaaaagmnamiiMnaaTWflmmiaaiBiMmniHiCHuat
sion. Cost of handling makes it
desirable "to produce this heavy
yielding, water crop fairly close
to the place where it is to be
stored. Commercial fertilizers,
particularly superphosphate in the
coast region, he': s to secure a
larger yield of roots.
The side icer is
large and
roomy for the
home.
Economists
In
Fnraitim
i
Salem
Pboi
Ore.
--
i