" V ' !
PAGE TWELVE
The New OREGON STATESMAN. Salem, Oregon, Sunday Morning, April 7, 1929
Mm Our Fmms9 Many More Are
Vetch and Oats For Silo
Crop Taking Place of Corn
In tfie Valley Districts
Corn, However, Is Sometimes More Desirable,
I Because It Is a Cultivated Crop; Actual
. Figures From 3 Years Experiments
- The following raluable Informa
tion Is famished by John C. Burt
eer of th department of industri
al Journalism of the Oregon State.
Agricultural college:
r Vetch and oata are rapidly re
placing corn as a silage crop in the
northwest, particularly in the Wil
lamette ralley. The change is due
largely to the ecanomy of Produc
tion of vetch and oais, combined
with a feed value as good or better
than corn silage. Corn, however,
Is sometimes more desirable in
spite of this, because it is a culti
vated crop.
The average cost per ton of corn
silage is 17.40, while the average
for vetch and oats silage is but
$4.27 a ton a saving of $3.13 on
each ton of feed according to a
survey made by the Oregon ex
periment station,
f Data for this studjtf which was
carried on over a ttfree year pe
riod, was obtained by personal in
terviews each year with a total of
growers, who cooperated with the
station. From each grower was
obtained a record of the cash ex
penses Incurred in producing his
crops, and careful estimates of the
amounts of labor used and of the
various overhead expenses. All
Items of cost were included, not
only items paid for in cash by the
grower, such a swages of hired
help, machinery repairs, and taxes,
but also nonTcash item, sueh as
the value of the grower's own la
bor, depreciation of lite' machinery,
and Interest upon his investment.
The figures, of course, are aver
ages for a large number of farms,
and costs for individual farms un
der varying conditions will vary
both above and below these aver
I ages.
Actual Results Shown
The 2130 acres of corn grown
: for silage in thisexperiment yield-
ed an average of 5.7 tons per acre,
at an average cost of $7.40 per
; ton, while 167 acres of vetch and
oats yielded 7.9 tons per acre,
costing $4.27 per ton.
Kale silage, it was found, while
grown at a lower cost per ton, due
to a heavy yield per acre, is les
desirable because of its lower feed
value.
. While vetch and oats are espec
ially adaptable for summer silage
use, the combination also makes
good eliage for winter feed. It is
harvested at the hay stage, at
which time the- vetch has almost
full size seeds in the lower pods,
end the oat kernels are in the me
"lium hard dough stage. Both
vetch and oat plants are usually
green end fresh throughout this
, ttage of maturity and the tonnage
' Is practically at the maximum.
1 Vetch and oats are put into the
silo as soon after cutting as pos
sible. Leaving the cut material
la the field for several days be-
fore- using causes loss in weight
) and feed value, and the silage will
not keep as well.
Putting Into Silo
. . It is necessary that the cutter
b& equipped with sliam knives and
' ample power to elevate the cut
material into the silo. Fresh
vetch and oats is heavy, and lack
cf good equipment and power will
result In trouble and added ex
pense. Silage made from fre3h
vetch and oats ordinarily does not
require the addition of water at
the time of putting it into the silo.
If the material is quite dry. how
ever, the addition of approximate
ly enough water to bring the mois
ture content back to about that of
fresh cut material is desirable,
says II. A. Schloth, assistant
! agronomist with the experiment
i station. An excess of water will
' usually drain off or seep out,
causing the loss of considerable
food value.
Vetch and oats silage requires
careful tramping or packing, to
exclude as much air as possible,
so that uniform fermentation will
take place, preventing the silage
from becoming m oldy or sleek.
Even distribution of the cut ma
terial in the silo is als oimportant,
o that with proper tramping the
silage will settle evenly, and air
pockets will not be formed, around
which the silage may spoil.
- . Silage made of vetch and oat
heats rapidly and remains quite
warm for about two weeks after
the silo is filled. It is claimed by
many feeders that use of this si
lage while warm causes intestinal
disorders In cattle.
t ' . Growing Crop
: Common or Hungarian vetch
and oata are most jrenerallv used
for silage. They make a higV
"mjc, jieiu wcu ana grquv
under almost any ordinary farming-
conditions found In western
Oregon or Washington. The bet
ter the land and growing condi
. -,
Dates of Slogans in
(Witt a few possible changes)
Loganberries, October 7, 1921.
Prunes, October 14.
Dairying, October 21.
Flax, October 28.
Filberts, November 4.
Walnuts, November 11.
' Strawberries, November It.
1 Apples, Figs, etc.. Not. 26.
Raspberries, . December . 2. .
Mint, December f. : ;
Beans, etc December XI. V
Blackberries, December 23.
Cherries, December 30. -
Pearl, January $, 1929.
Gooseberries, January . 12.
.Corn, January 20. " ,
Celery, January t7s:-:
Spinach, etci February t.'.V: -Onions,
tc. February 19. -- -Potatoes,
etc, February-17" 1 1:
Bees, February -24. . : '?:' v
Ponltry and Pet-tock, Mar. . '
City. Beautifnl etc, March 10.
Great Cowi, March 17. . "
Paved Highways, March 24.
Head Lettuea, March 21. i A
SUM,- tC4 April 7,
Lerwmes. April 14. -.' : - '
Asparagus, etc, April 121. 1 :
tions, the larger the crop, says Mr.
Schloth, the yield sometimes run
ning as high as 10 or IS tons per
acre.
The following table, prepared
by the experiment station, shows
in detail the cost and production
of corn, vetch and oats, and kale
silage, as found in the three-year
survey made by H. E. Selby, asso
ciate in farm management at the
college:
Oregon Experiment Station
Table S -Average Cost Per Acre
of Corn Silage, Vetch Si
lage, and Kale
Willamette Valley 1025, 1026
and 1027 Crops Combined
Corn Vetch
& Oats
Silage Silage Kale
Number records 200 39 66
Number acres. 2130 167 200
Number tons ..12367 1270 3662
Direct Man
Labor ...$13.45 $8.42 $31.42
Overhead Man
Labor ... 3.82 2.37 6.07
Horse Labor- 6.01 3.18 13.34
Tractor .... 3.59 3.18 2.36
Other
Machinery 3.21 2.11 2.15
Automobile . .14 .06 .03
Seed 64 3.05 .47
Fertilizer .. .51 .17 2.60
Twine 26 .08 ....
Taxes 2.10 2.08 2.22
Interest on
Land Value 6.94 7.21 7.5S
Use of Silo 2.33 2.37 ....
Irrigation
Water ; 48
Totals
43.00 34.28 68.69
Credit for
pasture, ca,
corn, kale
plants .
.77
.51
.21
Net cost
per acre $42.23 $33.77 $68.48
Tons per A 5.7 7.9 18.1
Coct per ton $7.40 $4.27 $3.78
'Including kale, plants purchased.
Sparrows Are
Great Booh to
U. S. Farmers
It has been authoritatively esti
mated that the native sparrows
are worth about $75,000,000 an
nually to American farmers in de
stroying undesirable weed seeds.
Many other birds thrive on insects
which harm crops, flowers and
plants says Albert A. Hansen
writing in the April Issue of
"Successful Farming". He points
out that a little consideration
shown the better sort of birds will
provide a busy lot of garden weed
ers for the home grounds.
"First," he writes, "build suit
able homes and watering places
for them. Second, destroy or
drive away the rowdy little Eng
lish sparrows or they will oust
your bluebirds, wrens, and other
desirable tenants. Third, feed the
birds during the winter when the
ground and weeds are so covered
by snow that the birds cannot get
at the seeds.
"A study of the eating habits of
birds points to the native spar
rows, meadow larks, grosbeaks,
shore larks, orioles, flickers, blue
birds, thrashers, cardinals, tan
agers, wood thrush, robins, chick
adee and ruby throats as friendly
species while the English spar
rows, crows and cowbirds are un
desirables with which decent birds
cannot live."
Any residential street, being a
series of homes, each having its
lawn in front, gives to the city's
appearance a definite , influence,
good, bad or indifferent,' accord
ing to the character of the devel
opment or lack of it. It can be
tmly said that It is the street
trees, attractive homes and well
landscaped lawns that give 3treets
of character their distinction and
give cities the name of beautiful.
Let us think of a garden as an
attractive outdoor room,' rather
than a plaee of orderly beds where
fitters or other plants are grown.
?f3 matter what type of design or
what type of fnnrishings if one
may speak of the elements of a
garden as furnishings a garden
usually does not offer Its full
complement of enjoyment without
that desirable feeling of Intimacy
and privacy.
Oregon Statesman .
Grapes, etc, April 22.
- Drug Garden, May 6.
Sugar Industry, May 12.
Water Powerr, May 19.
Irrigation, May 26.
Mining, Jane 2. .
Lend.' Irrigation, etc, June 9.
Floriculture, Jane If.
Hops, Cabbage, etc. Jane 23.
Wholesaling. Jobbing, Jane 24.
Cucumbers, etc, July 7.
:. Hogs, July 14.
. Goats, Jury 21.
Schools. Jury 2 1. '
Sheep.) August 4. ., -
Seeds, August 11.
National Advertising, Aug. It.
Livestock. August 25.
Orals 4k Grain Products, Sept. 1 :
Manufacturing. Septr t. -,Woorworking,
et, Spt. It.
Automotive Indurtries Sept. 22.
Paper Mills, Sept. 29.
(Back: copies of the Sunday
edition ol i The Daily Oregon
Statesman ' are on hand. They
are lor saIs at 10 cents each.
mailed to any address, t
.- Current topics, -S cents.
HOLLOW TILE SILO
is in n here
Some of the Most Successful
Dairymen in Salem Dis
trict Put Them Up
The hollow tile silo is coming
into favor In the Salem district,
as well as those built of concrete;
though a large proportion of those
built in the past were of wood,
of the various manufactures, at
home and In other sections.
The Mount Angel college peo
ple hare recently had erected two
large hollow tile silos. Forehanded
farmers In other sections of Mar
ion and Polk counties, and
throughout the valley, hare been
putting up silos of hollow tile.
Argument for These
The Salem Brick & Tile com
pany has In one of its booklets
some arguments under an appro
priate heading in favor of the use
of hollow tile for silo building.
The writer copies some of them,
as follows:
"Hollow tile as a silo material
permits of the construction of an
ideal silo. The sweet state of the
ensilage kept in a hollow tile silo,
the freedom from freezing due to
the cellular eonstructure, the ease
of erection, and the permanence
guaranteed .by this material, make
it the .most satisfactory for such
a type of building.
' "Tie stock or dairyman with
out asllo, in these days of mod
ernization In things about the
ranch as well as in the homes of
the city rich, is In the position of
a bank without a vault, a vessel
without a sail or a wagon without
a box. And he Is likewise like
minus a savings account in the
bank..
It Is now thoroughly recog
nized that the silo is the dairy
man's vault in which may be de
posited the treasurers of the field.
It is the sail which propels the
ship of profit, and it Is the sav
ings bank for the accumulation of
the gold of the meadows. Those
whod employ them in their dairy
ing operations are known by their
signs of prosperity, visible in their
well fed cows and the figures on
' "Any silo we know of, except
the pages of their bank books.
the hollow tile kind, is a constant
expense, repair costs pile up on
you in season and out of seasoon,
unltl Instead of paying for itself
as it should your silo has literally
eaten its head off. Burned clay, if
thoroughly burned, Is more dur
able than even the best of stone,
as Is shown by the brick and stone
work of buildings centuries old
and dating back before the Chris
tian era. Besides, the hollow tile
silo has the advantage of dead air
space which is the best resi3t'ng
medium to freezing and transmis
sion of heat of anything known.
"A silo of hollow tile requires
practically no repairs and what
few there are will be on the
doors, which require occasional
renewal; as in all other types of
sios, there ls.no shrinking, warp
ing, cracking or driving out; no
use for paint aside from the roof
and doors, no decay, no attention
needed to keep an empty silo from
being wrecked by a wind storm
as are so many of the- wooden
kind. It is a fact that two inches
of dead air space is a better non
conductor of heat than two inches
of dry fir. The wooden staves of
filled, which lowers Its non-conducting
properties, while in the
hollow tile silo there are three
and one-halt Inches of dead air
space besides the two Walls of the
tile so keep the cold out. Tho hol
low tile silo will resist the cold
much better and hold the heat
for curing.
"Th6 cost of the hollow tile silo
Is no greater than that of the bet
ter grades of wooden silos, which
are snot expected to last more
than 10 to 12 years, and from 20
to 50 per cent less than concrete
and far superior to either.
Keep - Your Money In Oregon
Buy Monuments Made at
Salem, Oregon
Capital Monumental Works
J. C Jones St Co., Proprietors
All Kinds of Monumental
4 Work ;-
Factory and Office: .
2210 S. Commercial St.
Opposite I. O. O. F.
Cemetery, Box 21
Phone 489s Salem, Oregon
Everything In
DU1LDING
MATEE1IALG
Cobbs & Mitchell '
- - A. B. Kelsay, Manager
S49 S. ISth St. Phone SIS
Gldccn Otdiz
Coapdnsr :
- - - - . ,
- . ltannfactnrers of - v
Vinegar; Sods Water,.
; ' Foontaia Supplies
.: ; ... :1 "
. rboao a ? Ore.
The Silo For Stability
The greatest dairying section of the United States, in
Wisconsin, has the largest number of silos in comparison
to the number of farms. - Marion and Polk counties lead in
Oregon in pure bred high record cows and In most dairy
ing lines, and the use of the silo in the Salem district is the
most general in this state
But there are thousands of farms in this valley that
should hare some silos where none are yet provided.
Some one has said that ''the silo saves the crop and it
saves the soil and makes spring last the whole year for
live stock; provides a green pasture under cover; pays for
itself every year." Also, that "the silo takes the element
of luck out of dairying and live stock breeding," and that
"the silo is a watch tower of prosperity.
The silo saves the crop that would otherwise be lost, in
many times of unfavorable harvesting weather. Silage is
better in some respects than natural pasture, for it allows
the making up and feeding of a balanced ration.
Stability, safety these are the goals of progressive
men. The silo, conserves these values. (The silo is the
cheapest equipment on the farm; for it saves its cost every
year. You pay for a silo whether you have it or not; in
profit if you have it in loss if you have it not. ;
More and tnore silos are needed in the Salem district.
Campaign for Safety Will
Go on Nationally; 13 Men
Of Note Booked to Speak
CHICAGO. April 7 "Univer
sal Safety" will soon be carried
directly into millions of Ameri
can homes, through a series of
13 weekly radio addresses by na
tional leaders the first of whom
will be Charles M. Schwab, on
Saturday evening, April 20, at
7:00 p. m.
Alarmed by the accident fatal
ity toll which claims nearly 100,
000 lives each year In the United
States, the National Broadcasting
company. In cooperation with the
National Safety Council will pre
sent this ''Universal Safety Ser
ies" In an effort to awaken the
American people from an attitude
of seeming Indifference toward a
national problem of vital import
ance. Schwab First Speajter
In addition to Mr. Schwab, who
will discuss "Safety as a Factor
In Industry," the following speak
ers are announced:
Hon. Robert P. Lamont, secre
tary of commerce: "Safety as a
National Problem."
Hon. James J. Davis, secretary
of labor: "Safety and the Work
er." Madam Schumann-lleink:
"Safety In the Home."
Dr. Miller McClintock, Director
Albert Russell Erskine. bureau of
street traffic research. Harvard
university: "Making Our High
ways Safe."
Grover Whalen, commissioner
of police, New York: "Enforce
ment as an Aid to Safety."
Joseph E. Sheedy, executive
vice president United States lines:
"Safety on tne High Seas."
Talks Last 15 Minutes
President Henry A. Reninger of
the National Safety Council will
outline the series and introduce
Mr. Schwab on Saturday evening,
April 20. at 7:00 p. m. The oth
er 12 talks to be given on succes
sive Saturday evenings will go on
the air at 7:15 and will be of 15
minutes' duration. All talks will!
Oakland
Sales and Service
VICK BROS.
High Street at Trade
BRING IN
YOUR NEW WHEAT
And exchange it for' hard wheat patent flour, or any
of our long list of milling specialties. We do custom
grinding. We supply what you need for what you have.
CHERRY CITY MILLING CO.
Salem, Oregon
481 Trade St Phone 318
Oregon
Paper Company
Manufacturers of
BOND LEDGER GLASSINE
" GREASEPROOF TISSUE
. - - . : -
.... .
. i Support Oregon Products
; Specify "Satan Made Paper for Your .
r Office Stationery ' , r
be given on eastern standard time
schedules.'
All speakers, with the exception
of the two cabinet members, will
talk from the New York NBC
studios. Messrs. Lamont and
Davis will speak from Washington.
Mdke Haste For
Time Is Flitting
Past Is Advice
Make haste, for there are' busy
days ahead. The sun is shining a
bit warmer and Is staying with us
a little longer each day. Almost
before you know ft you will find
yourself busy putting your gar
den in shape.
The lure of the outdoors will
claim you completely and, as you
work the soft soil, delighting in
the smell and feel of the newly
turned earth, you will find little
time for planning. Do your
planning at once.. Decide what
you want to do with your garden
and grounds this year and then,
when It comes time. to don your
work clothes, you will have the
satisfaction of knowing that every
effort brings you closer to com
pletion of a carefully thought out
garden.
Planning makes the successful ;
garden as truly as planning makes
for the successfully built house.
H.A. Hyde Co.
DEALERS IN
Berry Plants, Seed Potatoes
Kerry Crates and Hallocks
Portland Road, Salem, Oregon
Pontiac
Pulp and
FILLING THE SILO
MADE REGM JOB
The Wisconsin Plan Requires
Small Machenery and
Cuts Out Neighbor Help
The hard work connected with
filling the silo Is often given as
an. excuse for not building one,
and so the economic value of this
system of conesrving farm wastes
ana providing essential feeds is
lost.
A college authority. Prof. A. L.
Haecker at O. A. C, suggests that
in order to obtain light on this
question we should call into view
the methods of the farmers of the
section where silos are most num
erous. In south ' central Wiscon
sin. In that section there are a
number of counties where the
great bulk of the corn cron is nnt
into the silo; where practically
every rarmer who has livestock
has one or more silos, and where
the Job of fillinz the silos Is con
sidered of little consequence; is
regarded as a regular part of the
farm work, and the help of neigh
bors Is not asked in carrying on
the operation.
Small Outfits Used
The "Wisconsin nlan" of fillln
is now recognized the country
over as using a small outfit rather
than a large one, and by using
principally the power and labor of
the farm rather than making a
Dig excnange-labor event like
threshing. Silo filling by this
method is no more irksome than
having or harvesting, or in fact
any other work about the farm
The" crop Is put in by each farmer
when it b&a reached the proper
stage or maturity. This means bet
ter silage, and lower cost of fil
ling. "By filling silos on the "Wis
consin plan" no one Is needed in
side the silo to tramp, but the
tramping is done at the finish,
when the ton surface need seal.
ing by a few trampings.
The Best Practices
Many farms are now eauinned
with electricity, and, with a five
norse power motor and a thirteen
or fourteen inch cutter .experi
ment stations have nroven that
silos can be filled auicklv and
easily. Tests made In Minnesota,
Kansas, Idaho. Indiana, and Wis
consin and other states, show that
five horse power motors are able
to cut from five to eight tons per
nour ana deliver into a thirty or
You will Build Economically with
our Lumber and Building Materials
Our service will help you with every detail whether you are building
or remodeling.
Call us Telephones 2248 or 728
Let
forty foot silo. These tests were
all made by cutting what we call
"line," mat ts, irom nan men to
tnree-elgaths inch slices.
By using the small cutter and
taking plenty of time to fill, the
silage will hare ample time to
settle and more tonnage can be
put into the average silo. Farms
that are equipped with their own
power, whether It be electric, gas
or steam, can obtain figures from
any competent manufacturer of
cntters as to how this power can
be hooked up and turned to use
In silo filling.
Those who wish to avoid hand
ling corn, can largely overcome
this with bundle loaders which
are now made by several compan
ies. Stock keepers cannot afford
to go without silos, especially dur
ing this time of low profits and
heavy competition in all farm op
erations. The dread o calling in
the neighborhood to fill the silo
naturally would discourage many
would-be users, but they should
know that this is not at all neces
sary nor even to be recommended,
for there are plenty of figures to
show that silos can befilled in
bette r shape and at lower costs by
using small equipment and by
putting In a few hours of each
daywith their own labdr or possi
bly one or two exchanges.
Never leave stubs when cutting
off limbs. Cut close to the shoulder.
i :
We have obtained the distribution of
CERTAIN-TEED
Paints and Varnishes
And are making an introductory offer
Anyone desiring; paint for any purpose for inside or
outside work, of the highest quality made will
find it to their advantage to see us.
JT. W. CIPE1LAJ
LUMBER YARD
West Salem Telephone 576
"Dependably Serving the Xumber Consumer"
Us Suppy
T7 T7T
FIR OAK, ASH
Delivered in the quantity you want
and sawed to the length you desire .
"CASTLE GATE COAL"
A fine grade coal delivered in the
quantity wanted. -' r"r A
- - ... -"- V
- - . - .-
In bulk any quantity delivered in
your tank. "
f z
SALEM, y. OREGON
E
PBE16 FIELD
Growers at Woodburn Pio
neer Crowing, on a
Large Scale
cial)- One of Woodburn's Infant
Industries, that of commercial
bulb growing, has almost doubled
itself in its second year. H. F.
Butterfield and George A. Landon
are the pioneers in the field hav
ing begun the growing of bulbs on
a large scale last year.
Twenty-one varieties of narcis
si, 33 of tulips, and 10 of IilHes
are grown o nthe Butterfield farm
on the Pacific highway south of
Woodburn. From 2000 to 3000
blooms and as many bulbs are
shipped out each week from the
patch, which covers a little over
two acres. A portion of the field
in which imported bulbs are
grown is still under government
quarantine. ,
The entire acreage of George
Landon is under quarantine which
will be raised next year, when Mr.
Landon expects to increase his
field considerably.-
Most of the bulbs and blooms
are shipped to florists in Montana.
Your
3
LB K ON
; and let us-p r?V
'serve yoa'i1