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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 19, 1928)
S Salem Is Oregon's Baby Chick Industry Center and a Booming Poultry District THE OREGON STATESMAN FARMING AND INDUSTRIAL MAGAZINE SECTION. fWM M MILK GOATS GO TOGETHER Imiogemer are very iiiue irouDie. But, to get back to the grass problem. The quick-growing one tmng tnat impressed me in Juicy grass of the English pastures studying the problems of English is very much liked by goats. The poultry-keepers was the fact that herd of milk goats is pastured first there is not in many parts of the jQ one poultry-yard for a day and country enough milk for poultry- then in another. The goats keep feeding. I know the same thing the grass down beautifully. is true in some poultry districts in . , , Inexpensive Shelter tbb country. I 1 , Practically all English poultry- Tbere ls rce,7 a Poultry plant farmers operate their poultTy that does not haTe some Bhed or farms on a permanent gross-sod poultry-house, some part of which basis, and that is a most useful not be needed daring winter factor in making poultry-keeping Thia d for ,tne oatg- successf ul. However, iln7 England, In summer they need little housing as well as in this country, the Jt a shelter that will protect problem comes up: "How can one them from tne torms. pnnmicaiiv kn th trraas under) control?" It must be kept mowed goat-breeders to mate their ani down. so that the grass will be mais in the fall, as goats are much short', fresh and Juicy, if poultryilike sheep in regard to natural is to make real use of it. Thia fact has been a consldera-, tion in working out the experiment' of which I Sm to tell you. I At the National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, the milk goat; has been called in as a possible aid in solving the two-fold diffi culty. I think possibly you will be interested, first, to "know what sort of goats are being found use ful in this regard. There are three breeds in use at the Insti tute, and these three are numbered among the most important popu lar breeds in the country general ly. The British Toggenburg Is rep resented, and it la well-known throughout the country as a re liable, hardy, good-milking exam ple of the smaller-size goats. The Toggenburg, a native of Switzer land, is a popular breed of milk goat in the United States. Milk of the Toggenburg is fairly rich, richer than milk of most dairy breeds. There are a half-dozen English Saanens, pure white goats, also originally from Switzerland. These Saanens, on the average, have somewhat surpassed the Toggen burgs in quantity of milk, but not in quality. The Saanens have been found the best possible type for this particular purpose that of milk for use principally in poultry securing the largest quantity of feeding. There is also the so-called Brit ish Swiss black goats with a bit of white on the extremities. These two goats have also done well at the inilk-pail. Out in the country, one finds many Nubian goats, more or less lop-eared types, orig inating in Egypt and those parts of the world. Many English poultry-keepers here have found the keeping of a few goats insures a constant, fresh supply of very fine milk for th uses of the family, cream where none was afforded before and a useful lot of skim-milk tor chicken-feeding. It has long been recognized that goat milk is ex iient for babv-feeding. One thing seems to be sure, and that Is that rarely, if ever, does one find tuberculosis among milk coats. Goat milk, then, is safe to depend on for infant feeding. I found the average mL'k flow Baby Chicks B. W. D. TESTED CHICKS Bya Bads, Anconaa; 17c 'by tat thousand. Leghoraa 14Vt 7 thousand. Jtlaorcas 20c by tba tnou aaad. Buff OrplagtOM $24.00 per hundred. Free catalog give pricti on mailer lota and instruction on car f cfcicka. FLAKE'S PETCAND -73 Stata St. of goats at the institute to be from two to four quarts of milk a day. The does are milked morning ana evening. They are usually very easy to milk, soon learn to stand very quietly during milking, and It is generally customary for season of reproduction. The ges- tation period of the milk goat is about five months. This means that goats mated in late fall will drop their kids somewhere about February or March, which Is quite ui, " 7 -"- goats to suppiy mm ior me oauy chicks. The goats at the institute have all dropped twins, with one excep ton, and she, a Black Swiss goat, gave triplets. Goats are generally fairly prolific. We found it best to dispose of the little male kids at birth, as there is very little sale for them, and one should not un dertake to raise them at a certain expense, only to find them unsal able later on, The young femare kid, if well- fer to rais them, after the first t o weeks, on a bottle, thus mak ing it possible to force along the mother for milk yield and allow the youngster only a part of her supply. The kids soon learn to eat crushed oats and grass and re quire less and less milk. The does should not be bred un til they are about 18 months of age, although some are bred at younger age. It is wise to let them attain some size and develop ment before bringing them into milk- IS Gasco Briquets Considered Better Heating Fuel Than Anthracite Coal With the coming of the baby chick season the problem arises among the chicken raisers as to just what fuel to use to heat the brooder during the dangerous age of the new hatched chick. Gasco briquets handled by the Hillman Fuel company of Salem have proved to be the most practical fuel for brooder heating now on the market. Heretofore anthra cite coal has been used for heat because of Its high carbon content clean and smokeless burning qual ities. All anthracite coal had to be shipped from the east and Colo rado at a high freight rate which necessitated a high retail price here. The Gasco briquets, made In Portland, have even a higher car bon content than the anthracite coal, being tested at 95 per cent carbon. The briquets are so made . . I . A IV tnat mere is no lnromousuoie ma terial In them, which Insures 100 per cent heat and no ash. They are proving popular on the coast as the cost per ton ls much less than anthracite coal and they BRIQUET FUEL FOR BROODER T FILL LAYERS The production of all poultry flocks during the. summer and fall is normally on the decline. We expect the flock to quit laying then that is Nature's plan. She would, of her own accord, furnish us with a nice flock of culls that would produce during the spring, then go broody and finally rear a family of chicks. We do not want such stock, however, and our aim must be to have stock that will na turally produce during the season most desirable to us namely, the summer and fall. 1 can't emphasize the import ance of summer and fall eggs too much. A survey of some com mercial farms in New Jersey has shown that the gross value of eggs on well-nfanaged farms is greater during the summer and fall than any other season of the year, even though the total production of eggs is not the greatest at that season. August was tne most profitable month of the year on these farm3 The main reason for this, of course, is the rising egg price. The general trend of egg prices has al ways been upward during the sea son of hot weather and scare sup ply, and it will always be so. For that reason, the summer-and-fall egg idea is fundamentally sound and is bound to have real economic value. We have all been chasing the winter egg. Winter production has its place, and it has received much attention. But egg prices are not holding up throughout the winter so well as they should, and with the steady Increase in pro duction on the Pacific Coast the chances are that the future will see a lower winter price, relative ly, than we have had in the past. Increase in summer and fall production will not be likely to have quite the same effect on the market as an increase in the win ter production, chiefly because of the fact that the weather condi tions are unfavorable for the handling of eggs during the sum mer months, and the matter of quality will always make it pos sible for a high-grade egg to com mand a fair price. And another thing (to quote Anriv rSnmnl it 1 mnrh onsior tn increase the winter supply of fresh eggs on the market than to in irsH the (trimmer and fall sun nlv DiBtanca from market la not: much of a factor during cold wea - ther, while it is important during hot weather. All indications are that the summer and fall market of the future will be the best and. therefore, the aim of all progres sive poultrymen should be to cater to it. Magic In Motet Mash How ls summer and fall pro duction to be increased? To be gin with, the body weight of lay ers must be maintained through out the spring, particularly with pullets. It is our practise at the New Jersey Experiment Station to feed a moist mash for this pur pose. This mash consists of equal parts of cornmeal, roiled oats and a semi-solid buttermilk. With this is mixed enough water to make-the feed crumbly. We feed from three to five PRDFITftBLE PROVE THE SUMMER m MORLEY'S Boys' and Girls' Shop Infants and Children's Ready-to-wear 227 North High pounds of this mixture daily to! . i . j i each 100 birds, depending upon the size and appetite of the birds. J They are always given what they) will eat at one feeding period of! of about 20 minutes. This method is followed throughout the winter; and spring, and 'sometimes into. the summer. When laying falls below 50 per cent, however, the regular dry mash is used instead of this moist mash. I In addition to the mash, some milk is fed in a paste form to the birds direct this is, during the hot summer weather when laying! normally is poor. Dry mash is available at all times throughout the -year and grain is fed daily from ten to twelve pounds per 100 birds. Codllver oil is arSo added to the moist mash ut the rate of one quart per 1,000 birds daily. Even the best practices will not do more than add a few eggs. however. Real results will de pend upon breeding back of the birds, and that is the biggest prob lem. A Btudy made at the New Jersey Experiment Station, of birds laying on October 1, showed that out of 514 White Leghorns in laying condition. 312 of them laid over 200 eggs during the past year, 105 laid between 175 and 200 eggs and 97 laid below 175 eggs. That is to say, 80 per cent of the group laid over 175 eggs, which is not a bad record. At the same time and in the same flock there were 145 birds not laying. Of this group,, 26 laid over 200 eggs, 23 between 175 and 200, and 97 below 175 during the year. That is to say, only 30 per cent of these birds laid over 175 eggs. One group was com posed largely of birds that were not only laying late in the fall they had also laid during the year, or they would not have been able to go above 175 eggs. Birds Inherit Ability to Lay The other group consisted of birds that did not lay in fall, nor did they lay at any time during the year. If they had they would have been in the 200-egg group or very near it. The few that had produced over 175 eggs were probably small birds that had in herited the ability to lay but did not have the stamina to carry on their good work. The fall layers, then, must have been the good birds of the flock. They not only laid when eggs were high, but they had been producing throughout the year. They had inherited lay ing ability. Along with the matter of proper feeding during the fall. then, goes the use of birds of proper breed- " &eieci lor " producing alter uciouer i ai iuc end of their laying year. Cull out of these the birds that are under l"" for tne breed' or. that show outstanding points of weakness. This will remove moat of the birds that laid under 173 egss the pre vious year or that laid over 200 but have not the desired physical characteristics. Mate such birds to cockerels that have the de sired physical make-up and whose pedigrees for several generations are known. This practice will in time produce a strain of birds that will be summer and fall layers'as a matter of necessity, provided they have the food. Production will be as natural to them as roost ing. Karlylatched Pullots One other method of boosting summer and fall laying is to have "HYGIENIC CHICKS:' We ar speialiainj on eood quality HYGIENIC" day old hieka. R. I. Rede, B. Rofk. W. Hocks, Tiott Orp.. Black JereeT Oiante. and White horaa. AU.'flocki tolled for B.W.U. ilio accredited. Write for eircalar. s Try oar. chicks The Willamette Valley Hatchery W. E. Park. .Prop. C7 S. 24th St, SALEM, OKKOOX BABY CHICKS AND . HATCHING EGGS Fourteen Varietie froai parent stack OKFICIAU.Y TESTE AND OOTCI ALLY APfKOVKD. Our prices arc ia aeeard with oar high quality- "Oar tree 2-4 psje ratalopu tell why. ? CUSTOM HATCHING Last ffun we euatom hatched I ."0.000 baby chirk. We know hew to eet brtt results with oar 47.000 er Smith Incubators. Let experts do your LEE'S HATCHERY Phone 153F2 a flock of early hatched pullets that will begin laying absut July L, These birds will be profitable pro ducers of small eggs during thj summer and fall, but will in all probability take a rest during the early winter. They make valuable birds for breeders the following spring, provided one needs to have some early-spring or late-winter hatching eggs. They can not bs selected closely, however, as one has not had time to test them out for a full year. Of the three possible methods of increasing the summer and fall laying, the one of breeding into the stock the ability to lay and keep at it is probably the most important. It is also the hardest to do and the thing which most people will probably fall down on. It takes a persistent poultryman to develop a strain of persistent lay ers, whereas most any one can fol low a feeding schedule or hatch his chicks earlier. Keener com petition is going to force some people out, however, and the man with the persistent layers will cer tainly be the last man out. Candles give the most attrac tive lighting for the dining room. Their -height depends on the size of the holders, tall candles are best in low standards and shorter ones in those of average height. The candles, always ushaded, are lighted before the guests enter the room. Now is the time to sow red clover on fall sown grain to give it an early start. If sown on frozen ground or before a heavy rain the seed usually becomes cov ered but harrowing is necessary if sowing is ou dry ground. Usually 10 to 12 pounds per acre are broadcast. Six Leading Varieties Hoooin- EALEM CHICKXEIES Phone 400 Sale, Or. 64 H. Cottaca Street THE BFST BROODER FUEL is Gasco Briquets Priced $17.50 Per Ton FOB Our Bunkers No Ashes Clean Burning They're AH Heat HILLMAN FUEL COMPANY Phone 1855 Yard Office 1405 Broadway prove more satisfactory.
