BUSINESS IDEAS MARK
MOTES FROM COOLIDGE
: (Con tinned from -yaje l)v
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Mr. Coolidge has ever written.
touched noon practically, all the
issues that face the new congress.
It set forth clearly that the presi
dent was prepared to hack up the
positions he has taken on snch
r
8.070.000 "aiaa already Veea appropriates!. .
A. law Baa fMHdr-eaaplTBi with
tit request f the ' War eparUaat, 1
iccating funds res el red from the sal ef
BiUliota and land for he-asinf purposes.
Tha work, bovtTtr, ia sot completed, to
that other, appropriation are beiag Tcom
jmb4cA. ; -: - .-' " ' "' t -.. '
Oar 5fT ia likewise a weapon ar 4e-aatB is a
Jnao. ,; We Itav a feraira eomnterca' Uianda. . -
and ccraa lines f trade unrptutil by 1 V ra tar profra could bo mad e, more
any other country. W have utlyiBr tr-1 efficicaey could bo put lata a-draioistra-
ritory ia th two great tnui and loncitiua, if to Congress would -wndartak to
atretcBea of seacoast studded with the rirh- expend, throe ja it appropriating power,
oat citiei is the world. We are responsible I alt or a part of the cat toss nveraaa
for the protection of a larra popalatios I waica are new tarned over to the Pniup-
and the greatest i treasure ever bestowed pine treasury. The powers f the auditor
advanced- The GoTernxeeat la i e tostl
luuscul condition. Then isuaoediate re
salts were especially doe to the adminis
tration, of ia. j en, Leonard Weed. The
six years of fa la revemoraaip marked
distinct Improvement' ia the islands aad
rank as one ol the estitandiBC accom
plishments mi this diatin-a4ahd bui. His
leaa te the Ration ' anal the
subjects as farm relief. Muscle
Shoals, the 'development Of the! opoa any-peoplo. f W are charged with a of the islands ate Eeed revision end
x , n - r- ams canat Te meet theae respons.bilit.es
a"L.JIt Of Others." jwe Bead a eery aahetaatiat see) trsnoest
It seed aircraft dcTeJopsnent. which, is
The president again declared Ueinr provided under tha five-year pra-
aralnat tha PO n al iza.ilon fee. TJTO- ram.- It needa sabmarine aa aeon aa the
wyanocoi oeciuea upon tns was
construction:. - it 1 net Us airplane carriers
posed by the McNary-Haugen
"h'arm bill which he yetoed at the
I jat session, and recommended the
i T-reation of a federal farm board
to administer revolving fuad to
- help cooperatives.
Flood Control AYaiit!
He advocated a policy of flood
control for the Mississippi river,
involving the construction of dikes
aad a material addition to its force f
r raisers. We can: plan for the future and
be j in a moderate! bwiWinj prog-ram.
This rooutry has put away the Old
World policy ef i competitive annameata.
It can Barer be ? relieved of the respon
sibility ef adeqaete aalioMl defense. We
have one treaty secured by aa unprece
dented attitude of generosity a our past
for a I mitation la naval aruiAjneut. Alter
most YarcfttI preparation, extending; over
months, we recently made every effort te
r-Il r. a IIITM.IlM(.f IfMtV Id t D. ajLBlA
ana emergency spillways b il end. . We were greeted enek eooperatwe
lower waters, s A part of the ex-;
pense, he said, should be borne by 1
the lands to be benefitted.-.
A well officered army large
enough for national defense, ad
ditional cruisers for the navy, tax
reduction as proposed ; by the
treasury, and congressional super
Tision of revenue expenditures in
the Philippine islands were among
other recommendaalona , of the
chief executive.
"It was a typical Coolidge mes
eage, just straight business," der
tlarcd Chairman Saell of-Hhe
house rules committee, as soon as
the- reading had been finished:
This view, coming from the head
of the committee that defines the
legislative program for the house,
was echoed also by a number re
publican members at both ends of
the capitoL -
V The complete text of President
Coolidge message was as -fol
lows: . ?' r
X.'
v
i
,1
I
Usnhtrs of tha Conrre:
It is gratifying to report that for the
fourth eoaseeative year the state of the
Union i ganaral is good. We are at
peace. The country aa a-whole baa bad a
prosperity never exceeded. Wages are at
their hizhest ranee, employment is pientf
fnl. Some Dart of agricultnre and ia-
. dnstry have lagged r some localitiaa have
Buffered freas atorm and flood. Sat suen
i - loaaea have been absorbed without serious
I detriment to eur great econosnie structure.
I Ktoeka of roods are moderate aad a whole-
i aome caution is Drevaletit. Bates of ln-
i - tnrast for industry, arricultare. and gov
f ernaaent have beeu reduced. Severa sn
investors are providing capital for new
constructioa in industry and public works.
Ine Durchasior power ef agriculture has
increased. If tb. people maintain - that
confideaee which they are entitled te nave
in vhemaelvea, in men other, and m jum
erica, a comfortable prosperity will con
tinue. ;
COJTSTKXCnVS ECOJfOMT .
Without constructive economy ia Gov
tramest expenditures we should not bow
be enjoying these results or these pros
pect. Because we are not now physically
at war. some people are disposed to for
get that ear war debt still remains. The
Xatioa must make financial sacrifices, ac
comDSuied tv a aterm self-denial ia pub
lic expenditures, until we bar e conquered
the disabilities of ear public finjtnc.
fst'JktUwur blirstioa to veterans anl de-peuX-nts
is large and oont'inuing. the
heavier burden ef the - national debt is be
Inar steadily elwiualed. At be end ef
thta fiscal year it will be reduced from
about $26,600,000,000 to- about 917,
975)00,000. Aaaual Interest, iuclading
war aavtaa-s. will have been reduced from
S 1.055.000,000 to S670.00O.00O. The
aaeei.ieea ef the people, tha economy of
the- Govermeat,.'are- showing remarkable
results. They should be continued for j
the purpose of relieving the Nation of the
burden ef interest and debt aad releas
ing revenue for internal improvements and
national development. '
Not only the amount, but the rate, ef
Government interest has bmea reduced.
Callable bends have been refunded aad
paid, so that during this year the averse
rate of ia tares t a tbe present public debt
for the first time- fell below per east.
Keepiug the credit of the Nation high is
tremendously profitable operation.
TAX REDUCTION -The
immediate fruit ef economy sal the
retirement of the public debt la tax re
dact on. The annual saving ia Interest be
tween 1025 aad .1029 ia $213,000,000.
Without this no btil to relieve the tax
payers would be worth proposing. The
three measures already enacted, leave our
Government revenues where they are not
oppressive. exemptions have . been lu
cres srd until 115.000,000 people make bat
2,500,000 individual taxable return, so
that further reduction should be mainly
for the purpose ef removing inequalities.
The Secretary of the Treasury baa recom
mended a measure which weald give us
a much better balanced system of taxation
and without oppression produce aafficieat
revenue. It has, cay complete support, s -Csforeaeea
eoatinxencies requiring mon
j are always arising. Our probable sur
plus for June SO. Iv2i, ia small. A slight
depressioa ia business would greatly' re
duce our revenue because of our present
mribod of taxation. The people ought te
take no selfish attitude ef vreaeinsr' for
removing moderate aad fair taxes which
Blight produce a deficit. Wo must keep
our budget balanced for each year. That
is the corner stone of our nation credit,
the trifling price we pay to command the
lowest rate of interest of say great power
in tbe world. Any surplus can be applied
to. debt reduction, ' and debt reduction, ia
tax reduction. Coder the present cireunt'
suuees it would be far better to leave
theates a they are than to enact a bill
carrying the peril ef a deficit. Tbia is
not problem te be approached in a nar
row or paniaaa spirit. All of those who
participate In finding a reasonable solu
tion will be entitled to participate in any
credit that- accrues from it without ra-
1 xaro in party., ih vongTess aas aireuay
i eemoastrated that tax legislation can be
removed from purely DoUticat considers
ticn into the realm of patriotic business
principle: i:i '
Jluj bill for tax reduction should be
written by tooae who are responsible for
r&iaiag, assuaging; and expediag the u
nances of the .Ueverumens. If asocial ia
tereata, to often selfish, always a a in formed
of the national needs a y whole, with
aired agent using their proposed bene
ficiaries a engine of propaganda, are
permitted to inflaenee the withdrawal of
their property -from taxation, we shall
nave a law that ia unbalanced aad unjust.
bad for business, bad for the eeuatry,
probably resulting in a deficit, with dis
astroua financial eonseoaeneee. The Con
titatioa ha given the 31 ember ef the
Congress sole authority to decide what tax
measures aasll be presented for approval,
While welcoming information from any
auarter, the Congress should con tiaae te
exercise its wa judgment ia a matter so
. vital and important to all the Interests of
e country as taxation, j - ,
W tt KAT10XAL DETENSB
pcing g nation relying not on foree,
but on fair dealiag and good will, to main
tain peace with others, we have provided
a moderate military foree ia a form
adopted solely to defense. It should be
, oentTBued with a very generous supply ef
- . of ftcet and with the present base of per
onael, s object to fluetuatioa which may
be temporarily desirable. -
The five-year program for on air force.
. ts m keeping with this asms policy and
cctanwnaurau With the notable contnbu
tns of America to the science of aero a
antics. The previalea of the law. lately
enacted are be in a- a a ecu tad aa fast aa the
practical difficulties of an orderly and
4 . , aiaois sevaiopmeat permit. - . -'-r,;.
. : t While our Army la small, pwdenco re-
k e.uoree tna it sluld be kept tn a alg-n
1 State ef effleiesey aad provided with each
1- suppliee a weald peranlt of Its Immediate
expansion. The garrison ration hsa lately
, been Increased. KeooenmeadaUeaa for aa
-appropriation of 66.166.000 for -new
boneing made te the previeuc Cong rasa
failed to pace. While most of the Army
1 wall housed, some ef It which ia quar
tered In war-time training camp 1 bo-
cmtBf poorly housed. In th past three
yesm ei.s,roo have been appropriated
iow reoeasvruetioa and repatra. aad a
for new housing, nader wtlrt
by Japan, but w were unable to come to
an agreement with Great Britain. -While
the result of the conference were ox con
siderable value, they were mostly of a
negative eharactsd. , We know now , that
no agreement can be reached which, will
be inconsistent with a considerable build
ing program a our part. - Wo are ready
nd willing to eonti-iue the preparatory
investigation on 1 the general subject 'of
limitation of armaments wnich nave eeen
started cn'Ier the aui.cies ef the league
ef Nations..- ! . -
We have a considerable cruiser tonnage,
but a part of it is obsolete. Everyone
knew that had a three-power agreement
been reached it would have teft us with
Ue necesetty of continuing our building
program. The failure to agree should "not
cause a to build wither mere or leas them
wo otherwise should. Any future treaty
ef limitation ' will ca:I on us for more
ships. We should enter on no competi
tion, we siiouXd rerram from no neeorui
program. It anoeld be made clear to all
the world that lacking a definite agree-
meat, the attitude of any other country 1
not to be permitted to alter our own pol
icy. . It should especially be demonstrated
that propaganda will not cause na to
cnance our course. Where there is
treaty limitation.! the . site 01 the atty
which America- i to have will be solely
for America , to determine. No outside
influence should enlarge it or diminish it.
But it should to known to all that our
ilitary power holds no . threat of ag
grandizement. It is a guaranty of peace
and security at home, and when it goes
abroad it is an instrument for the pro
tection of the legal rights ef our eitixens
under international law, a refuge in time
of disorder, and always the servant of
world peace. : Wherever eur flag goes the
right of humanity increase.
SIERCHAKT MARINE
' The' Cnited States Government fleet is
transporting a large amount of freight
and reduciar ita drain on the Treasury
The Shipping Board is constantly under
pressure, to which it too often "yields, to
protect private interests, rather than serve
the public welfare. ' Mere attention should
be given to merenaat amps as an auxil
iary of the Navy,'", The possibility of in
cluding their master and crew ia the
Naval Reserve, with some reasonable
compensation, should be" thoroughly ; ex
plored aa a method of encouraging pri
vate operation of i shipping. Public opera
tion ia not a success. No investigation,
ef which I have canted several to be made.
be- failed to report that it could not sue
eeed or toreeemmead speedy transfer to
private owners tup. Our exporters end rm
porters are both ; indifferent about using
American ships. 1 It should be our policy
to keep our present vessels la repair and
dispose of them las rapidly a possible,
rather than undertake any new construe
tion. Their operation is a burden on the
National Treasury, for which wo are not
receiving sufficient benefits.
COMMERCIAL AVIATION
A rapid growth 1 talcing place in aer
onautics. The Department of Commerce
has charge of the inspection and licens
ing system and the construction of na
tional airways. Almost 8.000 mile are
already 'Completed and about 4,000 miles
more contemplated. Nearly 6,600 miles
are now equipped and over 8,000 miles
more will have lighting and emergency
landing fields by next July. Air
contract are expecter to cover 26 of these
line. Daily airway flying i nearly 15.'
000 miles and ia expected to -reach
25.000 miles early next year.
Flights for other purposes exeeel i-Z.ooo
flea each day. 'Over 0O airports, edns-
oleted and uncompleted, have been laid
out. The demand for aircraft ha great-
increased. The policy already adopt
ed by the Congress ia producing the sound
development of tnis eonung industry.
WESTiUi UEalSraiUUS AIM at. AIL.
Pri veto enterprise ia showing much
interest in openiag up aviation service to
Mexico and Central and South America.
Wo are particularly solicitous to have th
United States take a leading part in thia
clarification. The "government ef the
issues ia about 88 per cent in tha heads
ef the Filipinos. An extension of the
policy ef self-government will be has
tened by the demonstration on their pairs
of their desire and their ability to carry
out cordially - and efficiently the prov
sirfn of the organic law enacted by the
Congress for tue government f of the
islands. - It would be well for n committee
of tee Congress so visit th islands every
two years. .!,-- 1
Jt fair degree ef progress is-being made
in Porto Kiea. Its agricultural products
are increascng; its treasury position,
which has given much concern, shows im
provement. I am advised by the gover
nor tht . educational facilities are still
laclciag. Hoada are being constructed,
watch no represents are the first requisite
for bhuoing scbooihousea. The loyalty of
the island to the In. ted States' i exceed
ingly gratifying. A memorial a will be
presented; to .yon - requesting authority to
bate 'the governor elected by the people
oansPorto -Jtice. This Was : never . done in
tue case of vut own Terrttonea.. It is
admitted a that education ouside of the
towns ia aa yet Tory deficient. Until it
has progressed . further the efficiency of
the government and th happiness of the
people may need tha guiding hand of aa
appointed governor. As it is not contem
plated that any change should be ' made
immediately, tne general subject may well
have the thoughtful study of the Congress.
PANAMA CAN Ale
The number of commercial ships' passing
through the-Panama Canal has- increased
from .967 in 194S to 8.475 In 1S27
The total amount of toll turned; into the
Treasury it ever 6166,000,000, while all
th operatioa of the canal have yielded
a surplus of about S8O.0O0.OOO. In order
to provide' additional storage ef water and
give some control over the floods ef tne
Chagres lUver, it is proposed to erect a
dam to coat about 612,000,009. at AJ-
hajuel. It will take torn fiv years to
complete tuts work.
a ho past year has seen a marked im
provement in the general condition of
agriculture. Production is ; better ba
anced and without acute shortage cr
heavy urplu. Cost have been reduced
and the average output of the worker in
creased. 1 The level of farm prices has
risen, while others have fallen, so that
the. purchasing power of the fanner is ap
proaching a normal figure. The individual
farmer ia entitled to great credit for the
progreaa made since 1921. Ha has ad
justed his production and through cooper
ative organisations and other methods
improved his marketing. lie is ; using
authenticated-facts and employing sound
method which other industries are obliged
to -use to secure stability, and prosperity.
Tha eld-fashioned haphazard system is be
ing abandoned, econonuea are being ep-
ii
protected. - It would eeem to be obvious
taut-IS ia better. Tor tne country to nsvej
the farmer raise food to eupply th do-
mestio manufacturer - than the ;i foreign i
manufacturer. In one ansa owr country
would have only the farmer; in the other
it would have the farmer and the man
ufacturer. Assuming that Europe would
have mere money if it sold us larger
amounts of merchandise, it in not certain
it would consume more food, or, if it did,
that Ita purchase -would bo made ia this
country. Undoubtedly it would resort "to
the cheapest market, which ia br no means
oars. - The largest - and beat and tnostl
proiiUDie aeara-et Mr Ut farmer in; ma
world ia our own domestic market, v-Any
great ' increase ' in ' aaanuf aetured imports
means th closing of oer plants. Nothing
could-bo worse for agriculture.
Probably no one expects a material re
duction in the rates on manufactures
while maintaining the rates on agricul
ture. A material : redaction In either
Id bo dienetroue '- to the farmer. It
would mean a general , shrinkage, of val
ue, a deflation of price, -a reduction of
wage,' a general depressioa carrying ear
people downs to tne low standard of UV'
ing on our' competing countries. It - i
obvious that this would not improve but
destroy our market for imports, which is
best terred. by maintaining ; our present
high purchasing power under which in the
past five years import have increased 63
per cent.
rARhfXOAir SYSTEM
- It is exceedingly importsut thst the
federal land and joint-stock land .bank
should furnish the best possible service
for agriculture. Certain joint-stock bank,
have fallen into improper and unsound
practices; resulting in the indictment of
tha officials of three of them. More
money ha been provided for . exam
tioaa, and at the instance of the Treasury
rules and regulations of the Federal farm
Board have been revised. Early last Msy
three of it member resigned. Their
places were filled with men ' connected
with the War Finance Corporation, En-
gene Meyer being designated a Paiem
losn Commissioner. Vhe new members'
hsve demonstrated their ability , in the
field of agricultural finance in the extens
ive operations of ' the War Finance Cor
poration. Three - joint-stack banks have
gone into receivership. It is necessary
te preaerve the public confidence in this
system in order to find a market for tnelr
bond. . A recent f lotatioa was made at
a record low rate of d per cent. Careful
supervision is absolutely necessary to pro
tect the investor and enable these banks
to exercise their chief function in serv
ing agriculture.
- MUSCLE SHOALS
The last year hat seen considerable
changes in the problem of .Muscle Shoals.
Development of ether methods shew that
nitrates can probably bo produced at less
cost than by the use of hydro-electric
power. Extensive .investigation made by
th Department of War indicate that the
nitrate plants en this project are of little
value for national defense and cn prob
ably bo disposed ef within two years.
The oxidation . part of th plants, how
ever, should be retained indefinitely. This
leave thia project mostty concerned with
power. It-should, nevertheless, continue
to be dedicated to agriculture. , It-is prob
able that thia desire, can he best served
by disposing of the plant and applying
the revenue received from it to research
tor method of more economical produc
tion of concentrated .fertilizer and to deors-
enatratiou and other methods of atiraa-
development. ;: It! ia understood that the
overnmenta oft our . sister countries
would bo . willing to : cooperate. ineir
physical features, the undeveloped-state1
of their transportation, make an air ser
vice especially adaptable to their. usage.
The Post Office Department should bo
granted power to make liberal long-term
contracts for carrying our mail, and au
thority should be given to toe A rtny and
the Navy to detail aviators aad planes to
cooperate. with private enterprise ia es
tablishing sueb. 1 mail service witn tne
eonseBt of the - countries concerned. A
committee ef the Cabinet will later present
report on this subject.
GO0l ROADS
The Importance and benefit of good
road is i-uore and more coming to be appreciated.-
The National Cpveinment has
making- liberal eontnontiona to en
courage their ruaetructien. - The results
and benef its nave been - very muinss.
National participation, however, should be
confined to trunk -liae systems. ; lt na
tional tax on automobiles U 'now nearly
sufficient to meet thl outlay. This tax
ia very smaU. and on low-priced cars is
.t Bin ih., S2 bp S3 each Tear.
While the advantage t ef having goon
roeiia ia Verr . larrc. - tue oeau-e lor w
proved highway i not , limited to . our
own country. It should and doe inctuae
all the . Western Henuapnerea ; -me prm-
ciole points la Canada are aireaay
eesaible. We ought to lead our e
ea-ement in anv war W can for
goal road to all the principal points in
thia hamianhero aouth of the Rio "Grande.
It has been our practice to supply these
countries with military and naval advisers.
whan thar have -requested it,; to assist
them In national defense. The arts of
peace are oven more important to them
than to as. Authority should bo riven by
law to provide them at their request wita
eBe-tneeriaa- adviser for the cenatmction
of roads nnd bridges. In aome of these
countries alieady wonderful progress t
being made ia road buiidiag, but me en
gineering feature are often very exact-
-rw ,a tna iinaneinar ouiicam xrn
iataiwala should : look with favor on nU
reasonable leen sought by these eoantxiee
to open such main lines ef travel.
. 1-1, i naam auniect naa aeon pna-nai
by the Pan American Congress of High
i wklah will convene again at Hio
do Janeiro ia July, 1928. It is desirable
rht the Congress should provide for the
appointment of delegates to represent the
Government or xno wniteu, oww.
. CUB AX, PAKCEL POST
w, have a temporary pare I-peat een-
ith Pnba. The advantaxe of It
i aU on our aide. During 1926 wo shipped
twelve time as many parcels, weighing
t...(T.fis tsntt as macs, as we re
ceived. This cos van tion was ma a on tne
understanding that we would repeal an
eld law prohibitlBg' tha -importation of
cigar aad - cigarette In quan title Jaaa
than 6,000 enacted in 1866 to discourage
r.-im fn which it has long boon un-
aeceaaary. Thl taw- nnjuauy
atea against j. an tmponan wuawxy
Cuba. Ita repeal ha been reeommended
k the Treasurr aad Post Office Depart-
1 . vi 1. Mt-mm Anv aaaeehanta
Btenta. ; iiswit aie :
and - railroad will find themselves . de
prived of thie larra pareal-poat hnainea
after tna in or tHi.aira, . - -the
expiration of the oonventloew which
a.. Vaaa tendad WOOat the pectfle US'
a ors tending that it would expire at that
time wnleee thl leglalaUen waa enacted.
Wo rcbae large qnaatitiee of tobacco
1. f nh. , It fa net nrohable that
Mrthusi would be any larger If thia
taw waa repeal.d. while It would bo .n
advantage to many other industries in the
United States. : - ,
IKSCLAS POSSESSIONS t .. I
CondlUena la the PhiUppln Islands
have beta steadily Improved. Content
ment aad rxd order prevail. Roads, ir
rl rat Ion werka, harbor iaaprevemeats, and
ufclie building nro beisvg eonstraeted.
PalUe edbsation and aaniteuen have been
nlied te aacartatm tha beat nail! Sating its use on the Term. But in dis
of land, diveraifieation ia kaiar nromoted posing of the property preference should
and scientific method are being used be given to proposal to use all or part
production, and business principle in M it for nitrate production and fertiliser
marketing. ... . . i . 1 p,anmavima;. -
Agriculture has not fully recovered from I ZXOOD CO NT BO I.
postwar depreision. . The fact 1 that Tor many year the federal government
economic progress never marches forward baa been baildin a system of dike along
in a straight line. It goes ia waves. One the Mississippi river for protection against
part goea ahead, while another halts andlhirh water. During the past season use
another recedes. '; Everybody wishes ag-1 lower states were overcome by n meet
rieulture 'to prosper. Any aound and- work-1 disastrous flood.- Many thousands of
able, proposal to help the farmer will square mile were inundated, a great
have the earnest support of a the Gov-1 many uvea were lost, much livestock wss
ernment, Their interest ere not all I drowned, and a very heavy destruction of
identical. Legislation ehoald assist as 1 property was inflicted upon the inhabi-
maay producers in as many regions as ! tacts. The American Red Cross at once
possible. It should bo the aim : te asaiat 1 went to the relief ef the stricken com
tho farmer to work out his own salvation I munities. 'Appeals for contributions hsve
socially and economically No plan wilt brought la over 617,000,000. The lea
bo of any permanent vain to him which I era 1 government has provided services.
does not leave him standing - oav his own I equipment, and supplies probably amount-
foundation. , 1 ing to about B7,uuu,(HHj more. Between
Ia the past the Government hex spent! $5,000,000 and 410,000,000 ia addition
vast iumi to bring land under cultivation. have been provided by local railroad, tb
It i apparent that thia ha reached tern-1 states, and their political units. Credit
porarily tho saturation point. W have! have been arranged by the Farm Lioan
aad a aurplu ef production : and a poor I Board, and three emergency finance cor-
enavrket for land, wblcn Baa only lately I porations witn a total capital of xja.uiw.
shown sign of improvement. The mam 1 000; nave Insured addition resources- U
problem which is presented .for. eiutionj tne extent of fta.ouo.ooo. 1-nreaga thee
ia on of dealing with a aurplu of pro-1 means the 700,000 people in the flooded
duetion. It ia useless to propose a tam-1 areas have been adequately supported.
porsry expedient. What is needed is per-1 Provision haa been made to care for those
manencr and stability. Government price! in need until after the 1st of January.
fixing is known to be unsound and bound Th Engineer corp of tho army ba
to result in disaster. A Government sub- contracted to close all breaks in the dike
sidy would work out in the same way. It system before the next season of high
can not bo sound for all of the people to water. A most - thorough and elaborate
hire aome of the people to produce a crop I survey of the whole situation naa been
whicb neither the producers nor the rest made and embodied in a report with ree-
of the people want. lommendationa for future flood control.
Price fixing and subsidy will beta in- wmcn wiu e presentea to tne congress,
crease th surplus, instead of diminishing Tho carrying out of their-plans will wa
it. Putting th Government directly into cessarily extend over a eerie of years,
bucineas ia merely n combination of aub- They will call for a raising hud strength
aid t - and price fixing aggravated by enina of the dike system with provision
political preaeure. These expedients would for emergency spillways and imprevementa
lead logically to telling the farmer by law for tho benefit of navigation,
what and how much ha should plant and Under the present law tho land adja
whero he should plant it and what snd cent to the dike has paid one-third of
how much ho shoud sell and where be th cost of their construction. This ha
should sell It. The meet effective means been a most extraordinary coneeeaion from
of dealing with surplus crops- ia to reduce the plan adopted in relation te irrigation.
the surplus acreage. While tnis can not wnere tne general ruie naa oeen tuas sue
bo done By the Individual farmer, it can land benefited should bear the entire ex
w Tm. thrnnrh the organisations al- pense. . It is true, of course, that the trou-
raadv in existence, through th information! blesome waters do not originate on the
V.r . . . .. . . . 1 i, . . . v 1 . : . . : . i 1
published By tne iwpsnmasi I aiicu- lauu IV urn miuuni, an a aw v.-d
tore, and especially through hanks and that such waters have a right of way
othera who supply credit refusing- to fi-J through that section of the country and
nance sa acreage manifestly too large. : lute jana mere is cnargea witn we ease-
It ia impossible to. provide oy taw xorimens. it is tne ianu 01 tnis region ton
anorsa aucceaa and prosperity for all I is to be benefited. . To asy that it is ua-
those who engage in farming. If acreage able, to bear any eapease of reclamation
becomes - overextended, -the Government is -the same thing a saying -that it is not
can not assume responsibility tor it. The worth reclaiming. Because of expenses
Government can, however, assist cooper- incurred and charges already held against
ative associstions and -ether organisations this land, it seem probable that some
in orderly marketing and, handling a sur-1 revision will nave to be rasss concerning
plus clearly duo to weather aad season- tb proportion or cost wmcn 11 snouia
al conditions, la order to save the pro- bear. But it la extremely important that
daeer from preventable loss. While it is it should pay -enough so that those re-
probsbly impossible to secure tnis result 1 questing lmprovesoensa viu bo uinn
.4 a single step. aidnuch will have to be I with, aome responsibility for their cost,
-t.i ..t K, trial and rejection, a berin-1 and the neighborhood where works are
ning oould be made by aetting up a Feder-j constructed have a pecuniary interest in
Bl board or commission 01 aoi ana h- preventing waste auu iuitiuv
perieaced men in marketing, ; granting securing a wis and economical espendi
equal advantages under this beard to the tur of public funds.
various agricultural comosoditie aad sec- . jt j, aeeessary to look upon thia emer
gens f the country, giving encouragement ganey aa a national disaster. It has been
to tha eoooerative movement- in agricul- . traatad frnm ita ineeotion. Our whole
turn, and providing a revolving iloan fund people have provide with great geaeroa
at a moderate rate of interest for th no- ty j0r iu net. Most of th department
eessary financing. Such legislation would OI the federal government have- been- en
ley tho foondation for a permanent ao'.u- gaged in the same, effort. - The govern
tion of tho surplua peoblasn. - stents of " the-afflicted areas, both state
This ia not proposal to lend more and municipal, can not be given too high
money to th farmer, who is already fair- praise for the eoftragvous and helpful way
ly well financed, bat to lend money tent- ia which they have coma to the rescue of
.niMiUI vaarketinr at so- the neoole. If th source directly charce-
ciation which will no doubt ultimately able can not meet the demand. the na
v. : k. .. .nlarle- aatabliahadttlona a-ovemment should not fail to pro-
gaakaJ a were the. temporary operations vide generous relief. This,- however, dee
of tho "War Finance Corporation. Co- not mean -restoration; ; The government 1
operative marketing especially would " bo not an insurer of It eitixens against the
' -j.ji :,. f tititr tr build-lfaazard of the element.
ill whrsteel propertiea. ; 1 . ; lhave. flood and dorught,- heat and cold. U
' " - ..- i . I edkwalra aawsS vBVVrtt 1 1 Crhtnins? SS. BVCW CI1 gvl
The National Government nas almost 1 " " bT,iTV, all ootant tn their
"AZiSZlJZ. affUe-tio- The govmit doc. not
works and the
humanitarian duty of relieving its. eiti-
Wo sfiaU always
- heat and -eold.
ind, lightning and tidal
entirely e relieved the farmer
tT'0, ..Ttaxe. have creased! d'Uk. to reimburae it citUen. for loss
" "ti ttLnT burden AL Incurred under such eircua-
JLVlVxJ I eharshtai however, with
?"tf.r "7 . ' Vw. th rebuilding of pubUe
M " T. . ,: laaaiiltirUl HIT
ia clearly within the legialattvo oomaia -"7 j iatreaa.
. . . ti... uMi nvarnaaaBtlaens from cusiresa.
il. i. 1 ...j kukinr atraeturet The peonle ' ia the flooded area and
and system of agricultural credits. The their representatives have approached thl
farmer will be greatly benefited by alml- problem in the meat generous and broad
bsr action in many states. The Depart- minded way. They should b , met with a
ment of Agriculture is undergoing change like spirit on th. part of the national
1 ...niaatinn Sun AexfaP VM At-aVs gijajj IllanXeWf W 1 aTW njlllaBsl an . , A aaA4B a OB a wtsup wwweiv g a w
to separate th research aad regulatory di- public need of each part must be pro
visions. thst each may bo better admin- vided for by the public at large. No re
tsterad. More emphasis is being placed quired relief should bo refused. An ado.
cVth. 4ath program, net only by quate pl -hewld be adopted tojireve-t
-Urging the . appropriation, f or atate ex- a rurre-co of J'
a.as4 a0 a O t-aa Wt al Ban MW ItVeaWlfliaV inBDSl hill STWarfw ears J wwwweiv wv - - -aV v-
for axpandlntr tho research work of th comfort their fields aad their town,
department. It I In thia direction thatj ? legislation by thia congress should he
anscn ruture progreaa can no ssxpecwa. : coat meet so our. pnncipew una
" THB PBOTECTTVB TABITF mg problem, tho lower Mississippi, o-
Tho present tariff rates aupply tho na- sidering tributariee only eofar as they
tional treasury with well ever M0,000,- mat-riaUy afleet tho JTtSSU
. . -v-i . .k.s as A definite) federal procrsa relating te
VVV H BtatatSMBB I VTVU SW. ua wearwrvstw aww a - m . .
nor - cent of eur - imports com in duty our waterways was proposed when tne
c .L .T.rV . " 'f I l..t ra.rraaa authorised a eoarprehensive
ImTort. Ten which duties are 1U a boat 19 J survey of aU the important streams of the
pef cent eonslste of luxurie and Bgriesl-1 country In order to provjoe "J.,
tarsi products, ana to aaianeo ot snout i'''"'----f nth.
1 m, aatt a moss tin r to area ad 8560.- gstion, power," and irrigation. Other leg
OOOOnsXup If rnlrr.. and islatio. Vsld w.it pending a report on
aZhuiUs. it si la advocating this? survey. The reoogahted needs of
TTfiSri ,Z5nZ& ?a ZZL tho Mississippi should not bo made a
' - I . - - . a a. A tl
agrleulturo or luxuries, it i. onfy TlS
amount Of DMt "VTT I7u" .
psratively
OO0.000 of
considered.
tariff rat
snail amount of about 850,- proposal, iov ur..v-,. .
f other tmperta that are really on their own. merits. - Any e
I in any discassioa of reducing would TeanH In Ul-adved
ee. WhHe thia amount, duty greet waste of money and ia,
Any other method
id eoacluatons,;
instead of pro-'
free, would bo largo enough seriously to motin would delay, tho orderly jind jer
deVrnanr V of busine. in our tain ntUUattoa of our water resource,
own country, it 1 of email iaportance t "Very recently several of the New En g-
when spread over the rest of tn- worio. Und tatea nave aunereo. nnnui iie
Xu often stated that a redaction of ileriy from heavy rainfall and high water,
tar'f rate en industry would benefit No reliable estimate ef damage ha yet
irrleultur. It would bo Interesting to beea ecraputea, tsi 1 i very large to
knew to what eommoditle It ts thought -private and punue proport,. . omm
1 VJ Stan. eawaWkliandfl ahlWaslWClx t T TflSlI Tlsnlat 161 tTVinerVUBI W WBUCI tasam.saBK svowB s
farmer neee in farmif- atM-sdjuen-JU ef needed fr toaanediate relief, repair andre
, ;.a g-ami .CI. in a alla iJ eonstruetion Of howeee, restocking Of e-
mestie nnimals. and. food, , clothing, and
shelter. A ceauidazahlev suns . of - nsoney
will bo available through the regular chan
nels of th Department ef Agriculture for
reoonstrucuon. i nignway. i may .
aecessary : to fraat special hid for thia
purpossv- Oonrplet report of what is re
quired win undoubtedly be available early
the aes.ioB. -
Z1IXAKD XATXOATIOS ; -Tho
oongross in ita last session author
ised, tho general improvements : necessary
to provide th Mississippi waterway sya-
ens with hotter transportation. ' KtabU-
isalion of tho levels -of- tho Oreat Lahea
and their opening to the- sear by an effec
tive ahipway remain te be considered.
Sine tho last session . the Board of En
gineers of the War Department has made
report on the proposal - for a canal
through tho state e New York, and the
Joint Board of . Engineers, representing
Canada and. tho United fctates, naa fin
ished a report on tho Bt lawrencc river.
Both of. these hdards conclude that the
St- Lawrence project is cheaper, afford
d mora expeditious method ef, placing
westersv- products In .European marxetat
and will cost less to operates The Bute
Department had requested , the. Canadian
eovernment to- nerotiate treaties necessary
to provide for thia improvement. It will
also be necessary to secure an agreement
with Canada to put in works necessary so
prevent fluctuation in tho levels .of the
Great Lakes. '
Legislation Is desirable for tho construc
tion of a dsns at Boulder Canyon on the
Colorado river, primarily as a method of
flood control and irrigation. A second
ary result would be a considerable power
development and a source of domestic wa
ter aupply for southern California, rioou
control is clear ry a national problem, and
water supply is a government problem,
but every other possibility ebould be ex
hausted before the federal government be
eomea enraged in th power business.
The state which are Interested ought to
reach mutual agreement. ThU project
is ia reality their work. 4 If they wish the
federal government to undertake it, they
should , not hesitate -to make the neces
sary concessions to each 'Other. - This sub
ject Is fully discussed in the annual re
norf Af the Secretary ef the Interior. The
lolumDla lurer nsua yrvjac, is itmtm
studied-and will bo one to be considered
at soma future time. t t
The Inland Waterways corporation 1
nrovinr liccessful and especially bene
ficial to agriculture, a survey is - oeing
made to determine ita future neeaa.
has never been contemplated that if in
land rivers were opened to navigation it
would then bo necessary for the federal
government to provide the navigation.
Such a request is very nearly tn equiv
lent ef a declaration that their navigation
ia - not profitable, that i the commodities
which "they are to carry can he taken at
a cheaper rate bv aome other method, ia
which case the hundred of million of
dollars cro posed to be expended for open
ing rivers to navigation would be not
only wasted, but would entail further con
stant expenditures to carry tne eommoai
ties of nrivate persons- for less than cost.
Tho policy i well established that the
government should open public nignwsys
on land and on water, but for use ef the
public in . their private capacity- It haa
put on some demonstration Darge lines,
but always with the expectation that if
they prove profitable they would pasa into
private hands and if they do not prove
profitable they will be withdrawn. The
problems f transportation ever inland
waterwave anonld be taken UP By private
enterprise, so that the public will have
the advantaee of -competition in service,
It i expected that soma of our line can
be eold, aome more demonstration worn
done, and that with the completion of the
Ohio project a policy of private operatioa
can be fully developed.
FXOxXXBITXOS
A tier more than two generation of con
stant debate, eur country adopted a sys
tem of national prohibition under all the
solemnities involved in an amendment to
tho federal constitution. ; In obedience to
this mandate the congress and the state.
with one or two notable exceptions, have
passed required lawa for its administra
tion and enforcement. Thia imposes up
on the citixenahip of the country, and es
pecially on all public officers, not only
tha duty to enforce, but the obligation to
observe the sanctions of this constitution
al prevision and its resulting laws. If
this condition could he secured, .all ques
tion concerning prohibition would cease.
Th federal government is making svery
ffort to accomplish tbete results through
aerefal ernniatien. large -appropriations,
and administrative effort. Smuggling naa
been, .greatly cut down, the larger aoureea
of supply for illegal sale have been check
ed 'and hv means of injunction and crimi
nal prosecution tho process of enforcement
la-being applied. The same vigilance on
the psrt-of local .governments would ron
j.. . ml forta much more successful.
Ttia federal authorities natjpose to dis
charge their obligation , lor enioreemens
to th full extent or tneir aoiuty,
THE NEGRO i
History does not anywhere : record so
much progress made in the same length
of tame a thst which haa been acoom-
nliahad br tho Negro race in the united
State since the Emancipation Procloma-
tion. They have come ap from slavery to
bo prominent In education, tne preiea
aiona, art, science, agriculture, banking,
and commerce. It ia estimated that 60,-
000 of them are on the government pay
rolls, drawing about 150,000.000 each
year. They have beea th recipients of
presidentlkl appointment and their pro
fessional ability has arisen to a sufficient
ly high plan so that they have been In
trusted with the entire management and
control of the great veterans' hospital at
Tuskegee, where their conduct ha taken
high rank. They have ahown that they
have been worthy of aU the encourage
ment which they have received. Never
theless, they sre too often subjected to
thourhtless and inconsiderate ; treatment.
anwsuLhv alike of the -white r colored
races, ey have especially . been made
the target or-the foul crime of lyncning.
Far several veara these' acts of unlawful
violence had been - diminishing, in tne
last rear they have shown an increase.
Every priaelple of order and law and lib
erty ia opposed to thia crime. The con
rr,u .honld -enact anv legialation it can
nnoer tne constitution so yrviius m
elimination.
AhfESJCAH INDIAN
r Mtnditioa of tha American Indian
has much improved in recent years. Full
-itinahsl waa bestowed upon then on
Jane 2, 1926, and appropriation for their
care and advancement have been . . in
creased. Still there remaina much to be
done. . -. f . '
Notable Increases la appropriations for
the several major functions performed by
tho TJepertrsewt of tare swteVror on behalf
of the Indiana have marked th last five
year.. In that time, successive annual
Ineraaus ia anoropriationa for their ed
both state! - turn total Sl.S0a.826: for medical
eara. S5TS.OOO: and for tnouainat aa
vancentent, $205,000 for $2,582,325 more
than would hav been spent la th same
period on the basis of appropriation for
19Z3 and th preceding years.!
. The needs along health, educational, in
d us trial, and social lines, however, are
great, and the budget estimates for 1029
include still further increase for Indian
administration."" : ''.".'- i
To advance the time when th Indiana
ay become self sustaining, it is my no-;
lie! anas tao zeoenu eTeee-naCTi
continue to improve the - facilities for:
thlr ear, and as rapidly aa posnbl turn
its responsibility, over to the states.
' . COAZt
Legislation-authoriing a system, of fuel
administration and - the appointment by
tho President of a Board of Mediation and
Conciliation in esse of actual or threat
ened iatemrotion of production ia needed.
The miner themselves are , ndV aoeklng
information and action from ' the govern
mevt, which could readily he secured
through such a board. It is believed that
a thorough investigstien and receusldera-
tlon of thia proposed policy by tne eon
rreaa will demonstrate that thia receas-
mendatiou is a aound : and - should be
adopted, i'-, ;- o--:--. ' .
- WETROLETThf CONSERVATT0H
to ioin in the forma tioa of a cooperative
The national government ia undertaking
committee of lawyers, engineers, and pub
lic officers, to consider what legialation
by the atate or by tho congress osn be
adopted for the preserve tion aad oneer
vatioa of our euppJy of petroleum. This
ha com to bo on of tho main depend-
enciea f-N transportation and power so :
aeeessarywCo our agrienltural and indus
trial life, 1 It ia expected tho report of
thl committee will bo available for la
ter aoagreesioaal action. Meantime, the
requirement that tho Secretary of the In
terior should make certain leasee of land
fcalaaein to the, Oeaco Indians, in accord
ance with tho act of March E, 1921,
should bo repealed. Th s authority to
lease should ho discretionary, is order that
the property of the Indiana may not be
wasted and tho public suffer a fatur lack
of supply, " - Si"-" "'.', " ."
' ALTTT5 PROPERTT
Tinder treaty tho property held by the
Alien- Property Cuetodinav wss to bo re
tained until suitsbl proviaion had been
made far the satitf action of American
elaima. While still protectinf th Ameri
can claimants. In order to afford every
possible aeeommodation to tho nationals
of the countries whose property waa held
foe tho return of a large part of tha prep
arty. All trusts under $10,000 wore re
turned ia full, and partial returns were
do on the ethers. - The total returned
wae approximately $830,000,000.
There is ttll retained, however, about
e2ae.0o0.000. Tho Mixed Claims Onv
missioa haa mad nch progress in th
adjudication of claims that legislation can
r no enacted, providing tor tne return
ef tho property, which should bo don un
der conditions which will protect our gov
ernment aad our claimant, such a meas
ure will bo proposed, and I recommend
it enactment, .',". .... '::-;
RAILROAD CONSOLIDATION
Xn order to increase the .efficiency of
transportation and decrease its coat to
tho ' shipper, . railroad consolidation must
bo secured. Legislation 1 needed to sim
plify the necessary procedure to secure
such agreements - aad arrangements for
consolidation. . always under the control
aad with the approval ef the Interstate
Comsnerce eocnmiasioa. . Pending this, no
adequate or permanent reargantion can
be made of th ' freight-rate structure.
Meantime, both agriculture and industry
1 compelled te wait for needed relief.
This is purely a business question, which
should be stripped of all local sa l parti
saa bias 'and decided on broad pJciples
hav lately nod homo difference- with Man
ia relative to tha injuries aullictod upon
our nationals anal their property within
that country. A firm' adherence to our
right and a scrupulous respect for the
sovereignity of Mexico, both in accord
ance with the law of nations, coupled
with patience nod forbearance, it Is hoped
will resolve all our difference without
interfering with tho friendly relationship
between th two government. .
. vtr. . . v 11 1 . ..-.!
and marine force to China to protect the.CoIotr?I Lindbergh Sleets MlsUap
lives and properly of our eititen. For
tunately their aimple presence dhoro has
been .efficient to prevent any material
loss of life. But there haa been consider
able lose of property. That unhappy coun
try, ia tern by faction and revolution
which bid fair to last for an indefinite
period. Meanwhile wo are protecting our
eitixens i and stand ready to cooperate
with aay government which may emerge
tinny' and tiavy la ; enforcing tS...
prohibition amendment Sa provid
ed by the action of the rovem- '
ment at tbe time of tbe civil war i
Dlshop Nicholson asserted.
'WE' IN FIRST ACCIDENT.
Hf ith Famous Airplaae
and ita nserita in order' to promote the
public welfare. A largo amount of no
construe tion and equipment, which will
furnish employment for tabor and mar
ket for commodities of both factory and
farm, wait on the decision of this import
ant question. Delay is holding hack the
progress of our country
hlsny of the same argument are ap
plicable to the conaelidetioa of tha Wash
ington traction companies. t
- VETERANS ' -
The care which thia country has .lav
i.hed en it. veteraaa is known of all
The yearly outlay for this purpose
is about $760,000,000, or about the cost
of running tho federal government, oof
aid of tho Post Office Department, be
fore -the World war.- The- congress wiD
hare before it recommendation, of the
American Legion, tho Veteran, of For
eign Wars, and other like eraaniations,
which ahould receive candid consideration.
We shall continue to foster our system of
compensation and rehabilitation, aadV-pre-
vtde hospitals and insurance. The mag
nitude of th undertaking is already so
large that all requests calling lor farther
expenditures should hav tha moat search
ing scrutiny. Our present system of pen
sions is already sufficiently liberal. It
was increased br the last con cress for
Civil and Spanish war veterans snd, wi
dows and for seme dependents.
It ha been suggested that the various
governments! agencies now dealing with
veterans- relief DC consolidated.. Thia
would bring many advantages. It Is rec
ommended thst the proper committees of
tae congress make a thorough survey of
this subject, in order to determine if leg
islation to secure such consolidation 1 de
sirable. ; .
ESTjcATioir
For many yeara.it haa been tho policy
of the federal government- to encourage
ana foster the cause of education. Large
sums of money are annually appropriated
to carry on vocational training. Many
millions go into agricultural schools. Tbe
general subject is under the immediate
direction of a Commissioner of Education.
While thia subject is strictly a state and
local function, it should continue to have
the encouragement ' of the national gov
ernment. I am still of the opinion that
much good couNl be accomplished through
the establishment of a Department of Ed
ucation and Relief, into which would bo
gathered all of these functions under one
directing meenbers of the Cabinet,
j- DEPARTMENT Or LABOB
Industrial relations have never been
more peaceful. t In recent month they
hav suffer ed from only one serious con
troversy. In all others difficulties hsve
been adjusted, both management aad la
bor wishing to settle controversies by
friendly agreement - rather than by com
pulsion. The welfare of women aad chil
dren is being especially guarded by our
Department of Labor. Its Children's
Bureau ia in cooperation with , 26 atate
boards and 80 juvenile courts.
Through its Buresu of Immigration it
has been found that medical examination
abroad fas saved prospective Immigrants
from, much hardship. Scene further leg-
station to provide for reuniting families
when either the husband or th wif is
i&.thig country, and granting more free
dom for the migration of the North Amer
ican Indian tribe, is desirable.
The united Btatea Employment Service
haa enabled about 2,000,000 men and wo
men to gam paying position, in tho last
fiscal year. Particular attention haa beea
given to assisting men past middle life
ana In providing field labor for harvest
ing agricultural crop. Thia has been
made possible ia part throue-b. the service
of the Federal Board for Vocational Ed
ucation, which ia cooperating with th
state in a program to increase th tech
nical knowledg and skill 01. the Wag
earner.
PTJBUO . BTJTLSINOS
Cone true tion is under way in, the coun
try and ground has been broken for carry
ing out a publie-building program, for
Washington. We hav reaehod time
when not only the eonvenieneee hut the
architectural beauty of the publie buitd
inrs of the Capital City ahould be given
much attention. It will be necessary to
purchaso further land and provide the
required continuing appropriations.
HISTORICAL CELEBRATIONS
Proviaoin i being made to commemor
ate the two hundredth anniversary of the
birth of George Washington. Suggestion
has been made 'for the construction of a
memorial road leading from tho Capital to
Mouat Vernon, which may well have the
consideration of tho congress, and the com
mission intrusted with preparations lor
th celebration will undoubtedly recom
mend publication of . the - complete writ
ings of Wsshingtou aad a series of writ
ing, by different authors relating to him.
February 35, 1929, i-the one hundred
and fiftieth anniversary of the capture
of Fort Saekville, at Vincennes, in the
stat of Indiana. This eventually brought
into th union what -was known aa the
Northwest Territory, " embracing the re
gion north ef tho Ohio river between the
Alleghenies and th Mississippi river.
This expedition was led by George Ro
ger Clark. Jtf is heroic character and
the importance ef his victory are too lit
tle known aad understood. They gave us
not only this Northwest Territory but by
mesas of that tho prospect of reaching
the Pacific Th state of Indiana is pro
posing to dedicate the site of Fort Back
villa as a national shrine. The federal
government may wen make aome provi
sion for the- erection under ita own man
gotneat f a fitting memorial at that
point. - ' ' '
TO REIGN RELATIONS
It is the policy of the United States
to promote peace. We are a peaceful i
people and committed to the settling of
disputes . by amicable adjustment rather
than by force. We have believed .that
peace can best be secured by a faithful
observance oav our part of the principle
of international law. accompanied by -pa
tience and conciliation, and requiring of
Othera a lik treatment for ourselves. We
IIASBROTJCK HEIGHTS, N. J.,
Dec M. ( AP)--Colonel Charles
A. Lindbergh and his Spirit of St.
Louis figured In a minor accident
at Teterboro airport Monday. The
in promoting the welfare of the people ofcoonei was uninjured and the Only
coin a. iney nai
ship. - and they
our consideration in these days of their j propeller.
"3? .Vt by ai-ilar condi- "b - J"d,n
tion en a small acal in Nicaragua. Our' test flight In his plane When one
marine and naval forces protected or0 fi0 wheels struck a rut. The
citizens and their property and prevented! . . , . , ...tA ,,,ti
a heavy eaerifice of life nod the do- nose of the Ship tilted, bending
struet.on of thst country by a reversion' tBe jnetal propellef.
to a state 01 rcToiunwu. neury a una- . f V.O first fit
1 ,"W vuus, "
They have alway. had oor friend- . nl.no won a bftnt
should especially xcents"'""'0 vu " "
son. former Secretarv of War. waa sent
there te cooperate with our diplomatic' which the famous
and military officers in effecting a settle
ment between the contending parties. This
t.ax done on the assurance that are would
cooperate ia restoring a state of peace
where our rights would be protected by
giving our asistanee in - the conduct of
the next presidential election, which oc
curs in a few months. With this assur
ance the population returned to their
peace-time pursuits, with the exception
of some small roving bands of outlaws. .
In general, onr relations with other
countries can be asid to hsve. improved
within the yesr. While hsving a due re
gard for our own affairs, tho protection
of our own rirhts. and the advancement
ef our own people, we can afford to be
liberal toward others. Onr example has
become of great importance in the world.
It is recognised that we are independent.
detached, and can and do take n disin
terested position in ' relation te interna
tional affairs. Oar charity embraces the
earth. . Onr trade it far flung. Onr fi
nancial favors are widespread. Those who
are peaceful and law-abiding realise that
not only have they nothing to fear from
na. bat that thev can rely on our moral
aunnart. Proposals for promoting the
hpeace of Uhj world will have careful con
ideration. But w ar not a peopie who
are alwavs seekinr for a sign. We know
that peace comes from honesty and fair
dealing, from moderation, and a generous
regard for the right of others. Th hesrt
of the Nation la more important wss
treaties. A apirit- of generous considera
tion ia a mora certain defense than great
armaments. We should continue to pro
mote vieace hv our example, and fortify
it by such international covenants against
war a w are permitted unaer our yvm
stitution to make.
AMERICAN PR0ORES8
Our Country haa made much progress
Rnt it haa taken, and will continue to
take, much effort. Competition will be
keen, the temptation to selfishness and
arrogance will be severe, the provocations
to deal harshly with wesker peoples' will
be many. All of these are embraced in
the opportunity for true greatnese. They
will be- overbalanced by cooperation, by
generosity, and a spirit of - neighborly
kindness. The forces of the universe are
taking humanity in that direction. Jn
doine- awod. in walhinsr humbly, in sus
taining its own people, in ministering to
other nations. America will work out Its
own mighty destiny.
CALVIN COOLTDGE
The White House. December , 1927.
we" of aviation
had . figured since Lindbergh
hopped off for Paris last May. Es
timates have placed hjs flylfS
mileage In the Spirit of St. Louis
at more than 27,400 6ince he took
off from Roosevelt field the morn
ing of May 20 last. This Included
the transatlantic flight, the dis
tance traveled in Europe and tha
tour of the United Sjtat.es made
under the auspices of the Daniel
Guggenheim fund for the pro'oo
tion of aeronautics.
BOARD UNABLE TO AGREE
Question Considered of Increase-
For Railway Workers
oeysoBGiiziffi
DENVER, Dec 6. (AP) Ap
pointed to arbitrate a dispute be
tween the Brotherhood of Loco
motive Firemen and En glnemen " , .
and certain western , railroads a
mediation board of six members
which, has been considering testi- ''
money for a week , stated last
night that it had been unable to
agree. ' - ":"
his B .. . . ' M m . i' - i
ine principal aemana 01 ins
brotherbead submitted to the
board by the terms of . the arbltra- ;
tion agreement was an increase In '';
the rates of pay for firemen, help-
era, ' hostlers and outside hostler -
helpers of $1 a day."
"A majority of the ooard hnw-
ing thus failed to reach an agree-1
ment on the main question," read '
a statement issued by Chief Ju--tice
H. P. Burke of the Colorado
supreme court, chairman, "it isU ,
the unanimous decision of the i '-;
lour partisan arbitrators that no
award should be made on the min
or questions." ; " 'i4X
FOR BITTER FI6HPTE COLLEGE IB
Reorganization Plan Put
Forward By Anti-Saloon
League Leaders
WASHINGTON, Dec. 6. (AP)
Under a reorganization plan
sponsored by leaders In the Anti-
Saloon league In convention here.
indications today were thatDr. Er
nest- H. Cherrington of Wester-
viDe, Ohio, birthplace of the or
ganization, would be named to di
rect a proposed department of
education and publicity, which is
Intended to take over much of the
work of the late Wayne B. Wheel
er. .. ' : 7- , : ; '
The plan, which was submitted
to the board of directors. Is a de
parture from the recent policies.
and returns to the publicity meth
ods used before the adoption of
the 18th amendment. Under It
Wheeler's ' post of -legislative su
perintendent which he held in ad
dition to counsel, would . not ; be
ruled, '.'and-. Dr. F. Scott McBrlde
would be retained as general su
perintendent. BJ B. Dunsf ord, who
was Wheeler's legal assistant, is
to be named as general attorney,
under the plan.- r
Bishop ThomaaNIcholson of De
troit, president and other officers
are slated for re-election-
At the first general session to
night Bishop Nicholson declared
that the present prohibition laws
are enforced better than any leg
islation "that we " have - ever bad
for the regulation of liquor traf
tic" . :'V-r:r ' . V
The struEale to maintain the
validity of the 18th amendment
and to obtain enforcement of the
Volstead act he said. Is the great
est test of the strength of the con
stitution since the. civil, war.
Precedent for- the use of j the
ALMS OP COItVALLlS IXSTITy-
TTOX TOLD BY JEWELL
Oregon Agricultural college Js
known In the east as one of the,..,
three best institutions of its kind , , .
in the United States, according
to Professor J. It. .Jewell, of the ,
vocational education department, ; ".
who addressed Kiwanlans yestcr-" v (
day. -1 The . othet two are Iowa , '(
State college, ana Cornell, at ith-, .
aca. New. York. . ' .."
Education !n tbe tmo senso ia i".
the ability to do with tbe muscles 1 '
what one wants to do with the' '
mind, according to Professor Jew--
ell's definition. '
Other high lights of Profe.s"or -: ;
Jewell's talk, which was hailed , r";
as one of the most interesting and '' 5
entertaining ever presented at the'"
club, were
"The word "highbrow roust r
have come from the old form of "'
education which taught the peoplts''
only from the eyebrows up. ' It- "
didn't get into the muscles at all, J
and the result was educated fools.
That's the reason slicker salesmen
with a get-rich-qnick scheme al-
ways go -to the preachers and
teachers first." '
"The faith of a woman in mar
rylng a man with the hope of re
forming him is a wonderful thing, ,-, -but
it can't be did.
"Culture is no longer a matter,
of . Latin and Greek. Any man -can
be a gentleman today." . ,
Professor Jewell was a member
of the faculty at University of Ar- .
kansas before coming to Oregon.
When the last government census
revealed a number of- people In I
Arkansas who could neither read
nor write, the names: of these ,
people were secured, and tbpy '
were taught, said Professor Jew
ell :-v".nc;-;::.-'.-;:,--:i- ' " '
Blanlcs That Are Legal
We tarry in slock over 115 legal blanks atrited to racst any btalacsa
transactions. We may haye just the form yon are locking for at a tlj
Baring aa compared to made to order terms. . -
Some of the forms: Contract of Sale, RoadNotlce, Will t ofJs
ment of Mortuaffe, Mortgage f mms, Quit Otim Deeds, Attract f crrn
BID of Sale, Uuiliins Contract, Promissory Notca Instalment rote3,
Genera Lease, Porrer of Attorney, Prime Docks and Pads, Seals I.s
eelpts, Etc. These forms are carefully. prepare 4 for the courts ana
prirate use. Price on forms ranges from 4 cer..j to 16 cents apiece,
and on note books from 25 to 50 cents. -:
PMNTED AND FOR SALE DY
The Statesman Publisliing Cc.!
: LEGAL CLANK nilADQUAETEIlG
Al Dusicers Office, Ground FIdcx ,
L
Utm eongrvaa suss sna4 liberal jrTisim iaai