1J
THURSDAY AUGUST. 11, 192? f
. i . a"
BOiaiEIIFILUOWilK . ,
THISYEfiR lJ
- - " . S 4 -,
Getting Above tke Kjsh Year of 1923 in This Important
Industry -A Boom in String Bean Seed Have . Devel
oped a New Heavy Oat Seed Grimm Alfalfa on a
t Greater. Boom Than Heretofore White Blossom Clover
and Other Clovers and Onion Sets Making Gains On
Our Way to a Gigantic Seed Industry for Section.
' Among the high lights in the
. "way of new things in the seed In
. dustry 'of the Salem district are i
Red clover seed has staged a
come-back, plus. The value of
our crop for this ear will run
above $400,000; likely to around
$500,600, , against the $400,000
crop of 1923, the highest point
reached In any former year.
. There Is a new seed boom here;
String or stringless bean seed -
And there is a new oat for seed;
the Kanato, originating in Kan
sas, reaching Oregon from Calif
ornia "And Grimm alfalfa Is on a big
ger boom than ever
. ' Also White Blossom sweet clov
er, and other sweet clovers, and
onion sets.
Is on the Way
The Salem district is coming in
to, Its own as a seed country, and
Salem N!s destined, to become the
great seed .center of the United
States at an earlier 'time than even
the most hopeful have hoped for.
; Eastern and coast seed houses
are making more and larger con
tracts with our growers! One big
eastern seed house has been con
tracting here for increased orders
of garden seeds, Including lettuce.
.Our growers supply the whole
country with kale seed; sending
out about a carload a year of this
seed. As it takes only two ounces
to plant an acre. It will be seen
that we supply -seed for an im
mense, acreage.
Here are some of the outstand
; ing things ef the Salem district as
r " aTseed center, touched upon by
Harley O. White, of the ' well
known firm of D. A. White &
Sons, seedsmen and feedmen. Sal
em, in an interview yesterday.
This firm, buys great quantities of
seeds, in a wholesale way, shipping
in cars and smaller lots long dis
1 tances, and Harley O. White is
thoroughly posted in all matters in
the seed world:
Alsike clover seed will this year
bring to our'farmers about $75,
000, against $50,000 last year. .
Western Oregon is the only sec
tion of the United States where
It has proven profitable to grow
vetches for seed. We have a good
crop this year, and It will bring
$70,000 to $75,000, at $75 a ton,
aeainst $50,000 last year, wfcen
the price was around $90 a ton
California wants all the certi
fled potato seed our farmers can
send, and there is a demand for
Oregon grown potatoes for seed In
Idaho, and .Washington. Seed po
tatoes are grown mostly under
contract here. The acreage is
growing fast.;
. A Fwow Section
"Oregon has been known usual
ly as a grower of field, seeds, es
pecially of clover, alfaira ana
' vetches, but grows to perfection
nmv kinds of seeds." said Mr
White.
"t might mention that in vari
ous parts of the Salem district
there have been grown and are
now grown many varieties of gar
den, seeds, especially cabbage, kale
carrots, turnips, . rutabagas, canli
flower, broccoli, radishes, peas
beans, etc.
"The varieties grown in the val
ley are the medium red and al
sike clover.' with ' some White
Dutch clover, v
; The red clover seed harvest Is
only just beginning now. The
price will be around 25c a pound,
as It was last year. Our red clov
er seed will likely soon become a
million dollar annual crop.
A Exclusive Field
"Western Oregon is the only
place in the United States where
it has proven profitable to grow
vetches for seed, and the seed has
been shipped all over this country
from Oregon in the last few years,
-California has been depending
entirely on our crop for her sup-
ply, and carlots constantly go east,
"A new vetch, originating in
Europe, called the- Porple vetch
is being used in California, most
ly for fertilizing purposes, and Wil
lamette vauley farmers are grow
in the seed for the California
people.
Seed Selection Pays
"It was formerly the custom to
sow any old grain that the grow
er mitht have - and never even
clean ont the weeds, but they find
that it cays them to select the
finest grains that they can obtain
in their ) fields and. have it well
graded and cleaned, -
"From a number of tests that
I have known of,1 the farmers do
ing so have been able' to increase
their yields of grain from 10 to
20 bushels per acre; over their
neighbors who have kjept on sow
ing,; grain . without selection and
.without grading and cleaning it.
, ; . Good Corn Country
"Corn has shown more Increase
in the last ten 'year than any
other crop, and It has largely de
pended upon' the proper1 selection
pt the seed stock."' ' r ' "
ox
OURRED CHER SEED
, , -i . ,1.1 . ! 54 i
Marion county is now first in
the Pacific northwest m. the pro
duction of corn; and Polk county
1 a close second.
Mr, White's firm has develop
ed a new seed corn, the "Pride of
Oregon," which is attracting wide
and favorable attention. It is a
yellow field corn.
Swl Oats Going Far
It is well known now that the
Salem district produces oats run
ning heavier to the bushel than
can be grown elsewhere in this
country, and the breakfast food
concerns are taking large quanti
ties of our oats. Some of our new
varieties of seed oats are going to
many states and countries--espec-ially
the Shadeland oats, the
White Banner variety, the Swed
ish Selected, the Gray Winter, the
Clydesdale, and a new variety
here, the, Kanato, coming from
Kansas, by way of California.
These were all selected and bred
up here in the Salem district.
Other High Lights
, We .are getting extensively ln-
to the growing of the Hungarian
vetch seed, which is attracting
wide and favorable attention.
We grow practically all of the I
onion sets for the whole of the
country west of the Rockies. The
Lake Labish district alone grows
over 200,000 pounds of onion
sets annually.
of the Salem district is on the up
The fact is, the seed business
grade, decidedly.
More New Ones
The Salem district has produced
a little rye grass seed for 15 years
Within the past three years this
line has expanded enormously,
We are now producing hundreds
of tons here, for our country wide
markets, taking the place of for
eign rye grass seed. Linn county
is among the leaders : in this ex
pansion. We are growing both
the English variety and the Italian
variety. This is a permanent addi
tion to our seed industry.
We have gone into Hunan clo
ver on a small scale.
New Wholesale Buyers
mere nas just oeen iormed a
new wholesale concern for the
handling of field seeds all over the
Willamette valley. It is the Jenks-
White Seed company, made up of
the D. A. White & Sons people
and Howard Jenks, an extensive
seed buyer at Albany. They have
a branch office at Albany and one
at Tangent. This firm will be the
largest in .seed buying in the val
ley, if not in Oregon.
(The following very apt and
pretty tribute to the mohair which
our Oregon goat breeders produce
for the markets comes to The
Statesman from Dorothy Crawford,
a student of the Oregon Agricul
tural college. She has done her
subject such justice as will be ap
preciated by many Oregon breed
ers, who ought to grow In number
ten fold:)
Don't most of us thinkTlhat mo
hair Is used only for carpets and
heavy upholstery? The present
manufacturers will Indeed surprise
us. Most fascinating sun and tub
materials are now made from the
hair of the Angora goat.
To know what to use for those
new drapes and cushions is a
problem yet unsolved by many a
housewife who is in the midst of
or about to do her cleaning and
redecorating. Attractive and dur
able are the new drape, curtain
and upholstery mohairs which
lend themselves well to house
furnishings.
Coming from one of the three
million Angoras in the United
States or one of the many Angoras
In foreign' countries, the mohair is
manufactured Into dress goods,
plushes, braids, linings, and cur
tain and upholstery and drape ma
terial. If is made into a fabric
which is lustrous,' sheds dust and
does not wrinkle easily. Indeed,
some of these exceptional fabrics
havo, a double-twist. weave that
makes it almost proof against be
ing pulled out of shape even by
diagonal'' pulls: J -' "'.:. ? rp, ,
Most .Durable of All
Mohair's best' feature is that it
Is thfl most durable of the textile
fibers. .The woman who uses mo
hair for decorating is wise for this
reason, . since It will outwear any
other fiber in general use. Mohair
can be .bought, in. guaranteed fast
colors. .Each hair has a well de-
ined medullary canal into which
the dye penetrates and remains
ockd up indefinitely- ; - .
xne curiam lace wmcn nas a
Silk hike luster Willi please' any
Dousewue, since it saeas aust ana
MBUN HAME FOR
mow is em
keeps its. shape and color., Xt comes
in either the two-tone effect, com
bining such colors as blue and
gold, and mulberry and cream, or
in a one-tone effect in a variety of
pleasing colors- :'C 't
Drape materials come in inter
esting, stripes and prints. . The'Ar
abian name for mohair, muhayyar,
which means choice , or select," ap
plies well to this rich material.
It has an appearance and effect
distinctly its own. ;
Chase Velmo is a beautiful soft.
lustrous, wear-resisting pile fab-
Durnoses in trains and automobile
and on furniture. It is made In so
I wide a range of designs and color
combinations that any taste may
be suited.
FOR COW TESTIBG
Dairymen of Marion County
. and Part of Polk Pre
v paring to" Organize
A large number of the dairymen
in Marlon county have expressed a
desire that a cow testing assocla
tion be organized at the earliest
possible date.
On August 7th a preliminary
meeting was held at Silverton.
Oregon. .It was decided that It
would be advisable at this time to
get leaders from the various com
munities to make a survey of their
respective communities iu order to
ascertain the number of cows
which may be available to come
under an association
The following Is a list of the
dairymen who were appointed to
make a survey of their respective
communities:
Ted Hobart, Silverton.
Lawrence Blair, Monitor.
Frank Kuenstlng, Woodburn.
S. J. Smith, St. PanL
H. H. Booster, Gervais.
Joe May, North Howell.
Aiex Harold, Clear Lake.
J. M. Nichols, Bethel.
Frank Durbin, Rickey.
H. Sappingfield, Pratum.
C. J. Gilbert, Shaw.
H. R. Cooley, Talbot.
Eugene Flnlay, Ankeney Bottom.
Warren Gray, Marlon.
Floyd Parker, Aumsvllle.
Rawleigh Harold, Stayton.
J. R. Davis. Turner.
Ivan Stewart, the Polk County dis
trict of West-Salem.
Only Eight Now
At present there are eight cow
testing associations in Oregon, lo -
cated in Coos, Tillamook-, Clacka
mas, Deschutes, Columbia and
Baker counties. The associations
in Baker and Deschutes counties
have been organized in the last
few months. Clackamas county
has had an association in opera-1
tion for about two years which has I
proved very satisfactory.
There are about six hundred I
cows In this association and the I
charge is $24 to join, in addition
a 4 r a .
iu i.au per cow per year ror a I
one day test. Ordinarily the test
er can handle about forty or forty-
rive cows per day.
In Clackamas county they have f
worked out arrangements whereby
two or tnree herds are tested to-
getner where the farms are
uaiea ciose together and the $24
cnarge is divided between the I
members. It would appear that
SUCh a plan WOUld be Practical in
Marion county, and where two or
tliree dairymen With Small herds I
are suuatea ciose together they
can spin tne membership fee be-
tween them. -
Are Most Useful
It is interesting to know that all
oi me important aairy districts to affect pollination and so farm- sirable to maintain certain stand
that have established reputations ers say that "the flowers blasted ards of condition, package and
as dairying centers have earned and failed to Droduce" Manv a Quality. While one may say that
tnose reputations Very lareelv I
tnrougn cow testing associations,
- v
The idea originated in Denmark,
angrey are continuing with the
tesing work there on an exten-
slve scale. I
Wisconsin, one of the outstand-1
Ing dairy states, started in with
nine associations in 1909, and in
is i 6 there wexe 169 with a mem-
Dersnip of over 000 dairymen.
... .i
Michigan has 108 associations
with a membership of 3000 dairy-!
men. I
Minnesota has 84 associations
with a membership of over 2500
dairymen. ,.
The growth of the association I
work in these , great ' dairying
states is indicative of the value ox 1
keeping : actual records on each
cow In the dairy herd in-order that
tne dairymen can with certainty
eliminate those that are unprof-
itable and can feed the remainder
according to their known produc-
tion. 5 k
The Net Meeting ,
At 1:30 p. m:, Saturday, August
20 th. another meeting segar ding: out. The yields must be regular carefully choose a locality for dl
the cow testing association work because few farmers . can stand matic and soil cqnditjons suited to
will be held at the Chamber of serious crop failures very ; off eil the work.: In some' cases the sup
Commerce rooms in Salem. -and at Soil eondl Uons.'and fertilizer needs ply of labor may; be an important
this time a report will be made by must be studied to ret a good fill- factor as in the case ot seed nota-
each of the dairymen who was ap-
pointed to check -on the number of
cows in his community that are
willlhg,to come under an, asaocLv;
tion. i :; T '
Temporary "officers will also be
elected at this meeting, and it will
De aeciaea as to the type ot organ-1
nation that U preferred.
Ir'rvrt73 j
GOLLESE AirniORITY ;
o;i seed ens
Two Conditons of Success
as biven oy unier in
Farm Crops, O.A.C.
f Edltor Statesman
Tae 8eed Wer has the same
position In the pant world that
the pure bred livestock man occu
pies in the livestock world. He
is at the very foundation of suc
cessful agriculture. The com
munity is dependent upon him for
foundation stock of good seed. The
seed grower to be successful must
take pride in seed growing. He
must like it. No one disliking the
work is likely to be careful enough
to be successful. Careless grow
ers will not meet seed standards
sufficiently well to make the
work pay. There are two types
of good seed growers:
The plant breeder. The man
who actually makes certain varie -
ties or types' or crops 6ver into
something of better qualify. These
men are specialists who select a
new type and multiply R. Some
times they reselect an old variety
to bring it back to its original
quality. Sometimes they rogue
carefully to eliminate .mixtures
and diseases. These men, like the
late C. D. Nairn, who did so much
with the Shadeland Climax oats;
W. h. Rayborn of Weston and G.
C. McCartney of Tumalo, who
have developed such fine strains
or Netted uem potatoes; L. w.
i Wheeler of the Portland Seed com
pany, who has done so much in im
proving the Earliest of All potato;
Wfrd ?Tj?ns f Jrtt.tdw e,Wh ie"
veioped tne trifle or Multnomah; there were too few acres. This
and C. H. Feyrer of Molalla, who district has lost thousands of dol
has redeveloped fine strains of iar9 through the years because no-
Jenkln Club and Eaton wheats,
nave aii been Oregon benefactors
lu that they have done much in
producing better seed. Other
names 'might be mentioned. Of
course the experiment stations
have done their share in introduc
ing, breeding and proving many
of the leading varieties.'
2. The second type of seed
grower is the one who buys good
seed and grows it under good con
ditions and multiplies it. He does
not worry so much about the true-
ness to type and the freedom from
disease but lets the breeder work
that out, then he buys it and mul
tiplies it. He is a careful farmer.
He keeps the seed clean and of
sood auaUty-
The successful seed grower
must usually work into the busi-
ness ratner siowiy or nave tne ri-
nanclal backing to get along on a
limited return until the seed crops
come into hearing. While this is
not true with reference to the an-
nuals like vetches, peas and rye
grass, it is true with such crops as
alfalfa, clover and the perennial
grasses. I
Another important factor In de-1
termining tne suitability of seed
. . . ....... - i
farming is the climate and soil
condition. Many people attempt
zrowinz the cron under the wrnne
conditions. Ther are inclined to
try out certain crops where condl-ftlve
tlons are unsulted. It is Import-1
sit-fant that there be enough rainfall I
and not too much. The Hm nf
the rainy period, or in other I ers and' seed cleaners. Sometimes
words. Its distribution thronh thelDeonle make a business of storing
tcamn la Inat a a ImnAW.nt o vKon1 cleanlnr tho M1 nnlv. Dthfra
amount. There should bA rJn nr
IrritrnMnn tn-1nr i. ..a,,!.,,. ...;ltn tVio aannHatinn nr IhA hiiver in
son and a dry period for harvest
if the crop Is to be successful,
Temn'eratnrn ennditinna urlnn.1v
affect the cron. Exceedinrlv hot
dry weather at bloom time annoam
aoori rnn f Init tha nonli I
too hot dry weather.
vwjr vw Uife Vkl
On the other hand cold moist I
weather at bloom time affects the
set of seed. Light frosts at or
shortly after bloom tlm. tr. I
quently damaging. In some sec-
tlons where the growing season is
short the late seed crops are fail-
ures because of early frosts. I
In the higher altitude sections
only first crop alfalfa mav he 1
saved successfully for seed. In
manv caapji alslkn m vhtta rlnr I
which ripens early should be I
grown In preference to red and I
the common red in preference to I
the late growing mammoth clover. I
Seriously windy sections, while I
not harmful, to either alfalfa or I
clover, are not the places' for
illy, shattering: grasses like Reed I
Canary grass or orchard grass,
HaU-free sections are necessary
for the. easy shattering kinds. '
Must Be Certain '
The climatic and soli conditions
must be such that yields are rea-1
sonably certain year In and year
lag 'of plump, seedau. t
It is often thought that medium
stands are better for seed pijoduc-
.tloa.haa'. fa '' thick - onet.! 'Prob-
ably the most outstanding instance
of this is with alfalfa. ! Generally
thin stands of alfalfa s are taorei
productive ,than thick ones, but It j
Sdbjsct ; Tips . vlpaQlg
or rfed, white or alsike clover, are
tto be secured there must be large
numbers of plants and heads , to
get a good total yield
In general, good-stands are to
be desired. Good, stands, usually,
meanj fewer weeds and more seed
Seed, costs .'are often high, but U
pays Well to start with what yon
can but have that pedigreed, cert!
fied and of good, quality.
. It is not a good plan to jump lnT
to specialized seed production
a. " ' A ' .- - -.
wjm i inadequate experience or
equipment. Most kinds of field
seeds may be sowed; by hand or
with ! ordinary farm equipment.
Most kinds may be harvested, with
a mower or binder or header or
combine, that is commonly used In
connection with the ordinary for
age and grain operations. Occa
sionally special attachments are
needed,' to successfully harvest a
I seed j crop
New equipment, as
dusteSe or sprayers, may be need
ed as; new pests occur.
They Need Vision.
The greatest drawback in many
new Communities is the problem
of hulling or threshing equipment.
A district that I. have been work
Mn, in for at least 10 years, trying
1 to eet them' to irow clover for
seed purposes, has finally gotten
runde - way since hulling machinery
has become available. This dis
trict ! should now be growing at
least! 50 acres where it now grows
one. it 8nould be harvesting 15.-
000 acres instead of 300 and sell
ing 80 cars instead of one and a
half.!
It! has taken years to get the
work started, because farmers in
the section were unable to pur
chase hulling or threshing equip
ment. On the other hand there
was not enough acreage to justify
j anyone purchasing tne expensive
equipment and attempting to do a
custom threshing business. So
farmers haven't grown seed be
cause . of no huller, and no one
ht the huller before because
body financed the threshing equip-
I ment which , would nrobablv have
cost less than $2000.
Cleaning and Storage
Another problem that is some
times equally hard is that of stor
age and cleaning. The storage Is
not so bad, but there must be a
volume of seed In sight before the
warehouse man is Justified in buy
ing an expensive cleaner costing
$200 to $400. Good storage fa
cilities and good cleaning equip
ment are necessary to the success
ful marketing of a crop. Com
munity interest in several districts
might well be enlisted in favor of
developing good harvesting and
cleaning equipment for a prospec
tive seed business.
It is most economic if seed may
be produced In carlots rather than
loss. For instance, if a- comxnun-
ty desires to grow Hairy vetch
they may do so, but It Is a good
deal easier to sell If there are 40
to 60 thousand Dounds atone
loading point than if there are
2000 pound lots scattered around
through several loading points.
The individual or a group of
neighbors should grow sufficient
.. . . ...
acreage usually to aeveiop carioi
shipments
In .some places trade channels
land marketing assistance is se-
cured bv means of local coopera
associations who handle the
crop and who warehouse and con
dition it. More generally the seed
cron is handled throueh seed buy
store, clean and bur. But is it un
find just as much and lust as good
markets for the seed as possible.
Oualitv Seed Pars
In connection with the develop-
ment of the seed business It is de-
plnior uppiI ( 1imt ax mad in tin
buckets as it Is In seamless cot-
"
ton bags, yet you would have a
hard time to sell clover seed in
other than seamless cotton bags
Thafa what tha trade wants. It
Li possible to sell clover seed In
the dirt, but It is never a good
plan to do so. U would better be
cleaned and cleaned .thoroughly
because high grade, well cleaned
. . - -.
seed commands a better price and
a wider market. The freight
rhnrp - f are les
It is important that the purity
of duality of the seed of a district
be maintained. y
It is particularly ' Important in
the growlnr 6t various seeds that
the varieties be true to name. In
eas-Fsome cases this is accomplished by
giving the pedigrees or by certify-
ing It.-At any rate; whenever seed
to sold it should be absolutely true
to name. The real points in eon-
nectlon with . successful, seed
erowlnc are that It takes a seed
grower of" the right, temperament
to produce good seed: he should
toes. ',-The seed itself should be
good. Stands should be good; and
adequate equ4pmen Vis." necessary
before thewcklcani he engaged
laionl a? large scaisw'7 It Is easier. to
establish trade channels- 'and to
market quantitlei of crop where
the production Is. not less than car-.!
purchased " from jpne; district in
which tha activities Yt buyers are
very much : more competitive,
farmers - get better prices, i The
seed should be cleaned and condi
tioned, and., packaged- ia. meet mar
ket demands. . Of course it should
he true to name.' " ' r
rko. rI hyslop
Corvallis, Or., AJ5- 10. 1927.
(Erofl Hyslop Is chief in farm
crops of the Oregon Agricultural
college, and lie fa Men autnoritv.
Ed.)
COUnty Agent TellS What IS
Ro.nrr rwa anA Po Ra
wynw "My "-n u
n in i m i
uoneorv wesioiae
Editor Statesman:
The production of seed, whether
it be vegetable or field crops for
the open market or under contract
to seed houses, requires more
than the usual attention given
such crops by their producers and
cn the. average Is too exacting for
many men who prefer bulk pro
duction. The Willamette valley
is one of the most favorable loca
tion for the .production of many
crops of this ty pet for seed purpos
es, and in several instances this
opportunity is being taken ad
vahUge 'of.-1 '" ' '
" ' Such crops as::. hairy vetch, rye
grass, orchard grass, meadow fes
cue and other grasses, - peas,
beans, corn, kale, clover of differ
ent varieties and many other crops
Can be produced to great advant
age by men who are Interested
and willing to give the produc-
t'Trtn rf an rnna va-ra xsn1 ottan.
tion to insure purity of strain and
ireeaom irom disease.
Jukt a few weeks ago the writer
received requests from eastern
houses for addresses of farmers
who would grow garden.peas for
the seed market.
A Rig Opportunity
A big opportunity' is open to
someone. in the development of a
seed strain of red clover that will
meet with the approval of the
farmers ot the -central states, as it
is generally understood at the
present time that our red clover
seed is in disrepute in that section.
Men who are in touch with the
situation feel confident that the
Willamette valley can produce a
strain that will meet with their
approval and regain that market,
and so It goes with a great variety
of crops. To illustrate the case
in pdint, Howard Wigner, a
farmer just south of Corvallis,
has for some years been building
up 'a national reputation in the
production of grass seed and hairy
vetch seed. Many other farmers
are" now contracting with, seed
bouses for the production of vege
table seeds.
: The growing of such seeds is
not such as to be recommended
on a general scale as a substitute
for other farming activities but is
a field open to those few farmers
who desire to specialize and have
the knack and patience for the
production of seed crops year j
' i
J. R. BECK.
Dallas, Or., Aug. 8, 1927. j
(Mr. Beck is the very efficient j
county agent ot Jfouc county. i
Ed.)
GWISSHOPPERMIMf
This Is a New. Jhing for the
Willamette. Valley, But
Should Be Fought
Ivan Stewart, field man for the
Chas. R. Archerd Implement com
pany, has brought in the report
that an army of grasshoppers are
at work In the district about a
mile and a half west of Shaw.
Chas. Naanemann. who lives on
route 1. Turner, about a mile and
a half this side of Shaw, has thus
far borne the heaviest brunts ' of
attack. Judging from present
indications it is. apparent that
these grasshoppers originated In
an unplowed acreage across the I
ro.au irom ins xxannemann. piace, i
and about ten days ago they, be-1
TScoom
Hi
gan, crossing tjxe road in. droves Jn a person may -obtain an Idea ; of
search , o green forage. .;They the extent of the'beds. In Kans
cleaned up all of aHwo and a half as they have found that if an -
w . uu.
began to riddle his corn tield of
about six acres. All the grass and
vegetation around the house and
yard were eaten up, and v it was
noted that they Had stripped all
the leaves from a nu,nrber ofryoung
j-Bcri uees ; ,iutii; . oaa peen i
planted this spring. -:
Mr. Nannemann - has ,utHhis
com patch: for
ensilage rather t
than to have It entirely destroyed J
by the hopoers. ,W -v yr:
ne.joe Lenoid prune orchard
olns the-Nannemahn place, and I
It was noted that the hoppers had I
started. In on the outside rows of I
ucassaoppera are no re-
- SagBeed
soon as they eat all the green veg
etation on one rarmthey, migrate
to another. ' It was also noted
that they had started in on outside
rbws',of the' corn patch belbnging
to, Geo. EtxeL - and at the presen t
tiine the entire front of the advan
cing army, is bout three fourths of
s! mile, long and is three or four
hundred yards Jn- width.'
: .air. rannemaan nas. never ex
perienced a grasshopper attack be
I fIC w reanze ine
seriousness, oi ine proDiem when
the army began to come across on
to his land. After they had Clean
ed up his strawberry patch and
were making serious Inroads .in
his corn he put, out some 'poison
bait. It 'was noted that there
were a considerable number ' of
dead grasshoppers in the area
which was poisoned. It is quite
probable that if he had commenc
ed an activn nofaftnmtr fen ilavanr
two weeks sooner he could have
prevented any appreciable damaee
to bis crops.
.1
The poiso Bait
Mr. Stewart reports that killing
grasshoppers by the use of the
pest bran mash is the most effec
tive method of destroying the
young and adults. In most vicini
ties the Kansas formula Is most
commonly used and it gives ex
cellent resuts. The Kansas form
ula Is as follows:
.Bran .... . . . . ... . . . . . 25 .lbs.
Calcium Arsenic . . lb.
Lemons. 1 dozen, or 1 ounce
cheap. lemon extract' or bana
na oil; 12 teaspoonfuls.
Cheap molasses ........ I gal.
Water . . . . ... 2 to 4 gal.
Bran and white arsenic are tho
roughly mixed while dry. The
diluted molasses is. poured over
the bait and the whole mixture
thoroughly kneaded iintll every
particle of the 1ran Is moistened
but not. sloppy. Poison is scat
tered broadcast by hand.
This amount approximately cov
ers five aeres.
roan grasshoppers are killed
or? fa8iIJ and die more quickly
."-..i,..u.,.
The Method Used
I LU,S start u is neipful to
easre " an acre and apply the
ni neeaea ror it, which is
about 5 pounds. It is very easy to
use a larger famount to the acre,
but . the bait is Just as effective
when used at this rate as when
applied to larger amounts. After
the first acre or two has been tre
ated it Is easy to judge the amount
to use. it is necessary to anni
the bait only to infested land. One
application Is ordinarily enough if
all-the farmers apply the bait
about the same time, especialy If
all the eggs have hatched. Ordi
narily, however, it is necessary to
make two or three aonlleationa
The best thing to do Is to keep ap
plying the bait until the grasshop
pers are gone.
Do not look 'for results before
three or four days after applying
the poison. Arsenic, whlcn la the
active agent, kills quite slowly.
Grasshopper eggs are seldom
found in cultivated fields, but us
ually abound in old pastures,
along fence rows and any place
where theground is high and not
too hard. Plowlne of such rA9.
will destroy the eggs.
The Grasshopper Eggs
Late In August or early in Sep-
tember females begin to lay their
eggs, which are reddish, brown, in,
color, about a fifth of an inph In
length, longer than thick, and ta-fl
. "o iuc ciiua, . iuey are
fiam in. pods. 20 to 30 la each nod
When pods are broken by the plow
or disk the scattered eggs might
u sam to resemble rye seed in
appearance. The. female bores-a
me ground by means of
two pairs of horny projections
ne eggs are deposited - In the
hole thus, formed, after which &
frothy substance js placed over
mem, wmcn protects the pod
from air and moistnre. anrf tin
tfie eggs are laid the opening in
"uica mey are deposited is ping-
ru wun airt. ;
GrmwhopjM.'r' Army
uramary observation most
oj ine egg beds can easily be loea.
ted. Thousands of grasshoppers
wiu oe seen congregating 4n
swigie locality m the fall of the
year. They will be crawling
about rather than hopping or
uyinjr. Byv observine o1nfv
from seven to ten will usually-be
I- . j
lounu logetner. They will ; not
iy as one approaches. If , : there
are a large number of grasshop
pers flying and none have been
observed laying, their eggs .: one
may jocatet tho eggs by digging up
the soli to a depth of two inches
and carefully breaking ? up " the
ianPs. of dirt. Invariably ere
clusters will be found where' grass-
hoppers have been observed t k.
numerous.
Bysgoinjc over ah Infested a
erase oi 9ue.to seven egg pods are
found on each; square foot of
ground an outbreak may follow
the next year. If no eggs can be
found there "is no .nrotT thot
eggs have been laid; forthey may
have been deposited in neighbor-
ing neids.
Irevent Future Attacks
The prevention of an onthnuk
Of arasshonnera n-rt nir . -'tin
event fhat we should have a dry
Season' U the Problem which cen-
fronts the farmers of this vlcnfty.
It certainly shonld h ttaat
from a community tanfnnfnt
cause no one farmer ran hnrvo tn
ward off the pests if .they are
. Indu
breeding plas that wnF.
established Xv i. D'e beeiM '
outbreaks il Z tri
" " ,ul3 tectum
Vi
IV!
v-u.i u,own iSeeds and
riants Are of Suoerinr i
Quality to Eastern
Editor Statesman:
Here k Ls: lv,mi., and irU a
grown- fn Oregon compared
Eastern grown roots. J.
Although this is a alacv im
year in the sed i .
as saies are concerned,
it is not a very slack time as far
as the work is concerned. There
always seems to lw plenty of work
to do either in the greenhouse or
outside, and usually plenty in both
places, and as I have both I man
age to keep myself busy.
My descriptive peony and Irii
price list has just been completed.
Next comes the job of mailing
them to my customers, both old
and new, then the Job of filling
orders. - -
If any of you folks have ever
ordered' roots ot these plants from
eastern grown stock, then some of
the same from Oregon grown
stock, you will know that I am
not exaggerating when I say that
the Oregon grown roots are twice 1
as large and much finer than east
era grown plants.
Not only is this true of the pe
ony and iris, but I find in raising
plants in the greenhouse that tb
seeds which I grow myself, or bu
from deaJera h.nitnn.
grown seeds, will produce muca
nicer plants ' and finer flowers
titan aola . V . I
This then is the reason, it seems
to me,' that we should encourage
our friends to buy plants and
seeds that are grown In Oregon,
not for the sake of keeping our
money at home, but 'raffier be
cause we can get better, plants and
seed for the money we pay.
The seed and plant business will ,
grow In Oregon as fast as we let I
our irienas know aboat the super
ior quality of Oregon grown seeds
and plants. ,
JAY MORRIS.
Rt. 3, Salem. Or., Aug. 8. 1927. .
Smallest Restaurant Closes
MINNEAPOLIS, Minn. Th
"world's smallest restaurant," st
Minneapolis claimed, has 'closed'
ft operated in a room three feel
by eight and accomodated one
cusomtr at a time.
There is notLmg better
than' a dish of oar de
licious Ice Cream. It is
pu& healthf oi and
tasty. Your rhoira of
flavors and comhiaa"
.1
ers
DRUG STORE
ORIGINAL YELLOW
- FRONT
v? Phono. l&Z
. 133 N Com'l St.
The Penslar Store
G
a & T-
i n is ? ;ri8
HIGHLY EliDllSED METHODS
riTHE ChaslJ. Dean noh-surfii-
A cal method of treatml Hies
and other Rectal and Colon disorders.
used exclusively by the Dean dinks in
Portias. Ska Fra&dtco tad Seattle. It ncof
bM tbrovfiixwt tb WmI (a tteolkily W
ana ar mm from mm Tfce eo
fedewc M Mw. k WRITTFN ASSUR
ANCE TO SUCCESSfLXLx: TR2AT AHX
CASiS OF WILLS btMd oa 15 rar o
cpe0&B mctioc la witick
tka aat cstroM cuti harm
JKEE lOO-pas UlattratM
ok M itimt lu to
riwycuflam Scad far Rtoas. -
- 1
2SrtMA
i
OUR IBSIRY IU :
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