r id ;
nrunsDAf morning. aprilm. 1027
TITC OREGON STATESMAN. SALEM, OREGON
Thp Slogan Paiges Are Yours; Aid In Making sThem Helpful to Your Wonderful ;P
EIGHTH CONSECUTIVE YEAR
1
THR DAILY STATESMAN dedicates twn or mnre haom PArh week in the interests of one of the fiftv-two to a hundred basic industries of
the
Salem district Letters and articles from people with vision are solicited This is your page. Help make Salem grow.
Section
!
I
BOfS ID GIS IN M PUBLIC
v SCHOOLS KTJOVV USES OF LEGUMES
I ' ' '
Eleven weeks ago it was announced that The Statesman
would pay $5 a week, till further notice, to the high school
or grade school boy or girl in Marion or Polk county who
would submit the best article on the current Slogan subject.
The articles are to be in. the office (or mailed) by noon of
- Tuesday of the week of the Slogan subject. All articles sub
mitted to belong to The Statesman.. The editor to judge as
to the best, in deciding who shall receive the $5. The idea
is to furnish an opportunity to make the rising generation
acquainted with the many and great advantages of the dis
trict in which they are to take active part in the future.
They are to be the leaders as they grow into manhood and
womanhood. There was one contestant the first week, 7 the
second; and '5', lt,, 5, 3 and 7 respectively the following
weeks. Thereafe eTght this week. The $5 goes to Frances
Klampe, and Helen Burk and Deena Hart are to have a ticket
to a moving picture show any moving picture show selected,
at the Oregon, Elsinore.orCapitol.' There" will likely be sur
prise pri2es "most weeks.1 One other thing. The Statesman
wajjts the photograph of the first prize winner each week. If
the winner hasjio photo, please go to the Kennel-Ellis studio,
429 Oregon building, Salem, and have one taken, at the ex
pense of The Statesman.! When a few photos are in hand,
cuts will be made of the first prize winners, to be printed in
The Statesman; and perhaps in other papers. The boys and
girls wfll please write on only one side of the paper. The fol
lowing are the articles for this week:
LE
.Editor Statesman: :. I Z.CT.''
Legume may not be a rery com
inon word bat It is the name of a
common and important - crop of
plants. This plant group gets its
name from The peculiar pod -which
forms ; the seed case for these
plants'. ; The- family includes a
-wide yariety, such as clover, al
Xalfa, lentils, Tetchea cow beans,
ioy beans, and locust trees.
Just as our bodies need ; food
containing the important element
uitroreru to build u their tissues
mo these Important plants.,, also
need it. I Under certain conditions
this croup has a special, way
-which it takes the free nitrogen
from-the air. On the plant roots
are nodules, which are the homes
of a particular kind of bacteria.
No other plants can thus take free
-nitrogen from the air.
There are sereral distinguishing
features of the legume family. The
blossoms are one sided and grow
In clusters, whUe seeds or two
nartK. called dicotyledons, are
formed in a pod. But the little,
-wart like; lumps on the roots, call
ed tubercles or nodules, are per-
' haps the most prominent; for it is
in these tht' h nitrogen jcom
-sounds are formed, which not on
ly enablef the .plant td 'growbut
leaves the oil enriched-when the
-slant la removed. -i'
The bloss,oms;ef(5ertain legu
minous plants' jLr rerj: attractive.
The wisterta 'Muebo-ahet, sweet
pea, and the "locust- and redbud,
trees are noted for their orna-
- mental beauty.
Beneficial Uses
reas. beans and lentils are ex
tensively used for food, having
high, protein value. Alfalfa, clo
ver and vetch are among the lead
ing hay crops. , Alfalfa can be
grown successfully in this section,
and more of it should be raised.
as it is a very profitable hay crop
The farmer may expect from five
; o seven tons of cured hay each
season from an acre, .
- Legumes are also useful! as
green manure. The crop is plow
ed under in order that it may de
cay , and build up the soil. The
. nitrpgen -ia left in the soil in a
. form which', other kinds' of crops
can use.
One of the most outstanding
rises of the legumes, however, is
0 aid .the-farmer in rotation of
crops. There Is no .need tor toil
.to become worn out, when a syste
matic rotation of grain and le
guminous' crops may be . used to
keep it In good condition.' More
profitable results, in farming are
.obtained . as a result of - such a
practice. ;:" - . .-- ; - c
. The farmers of the Salem dis
trict, or any other district, for that
inatter, may expect to raise prof
itable crops only to the extent that
they keep the soil in condition.
For this purpose fertilizers must
Jbe used. As nitrogen is one of the
-most expensive elements In pur
chased fertilisers, it is evident
that frequent use of leguminous
crop! Is an economical way of sup
plying the necessary nitrogen to
he soiL ' , - .... .
: Furthermore, the ' legumes are
profitable crop Ta themselves as
0 TAB
CROPS
ONLY BUI GOOB SOIL
any farmer who gives them a fair
trial will very readily see.
Frances Klampe.
8th Grade Lablsh Center School,
Salem, Ore., Rt. 9, Box 79,
April 12, 1927.
F
Editor Statesman: ' - - -
Farming, in a broad way, to be
successful must be built on le
gumes. Every farmer should be
a legume farmer, for to grow
crops successfully the - soil must
be fertile and to be fertile it must
cental iv nitrogen. This la bow le
gumes are valuable; they belong
to a family of plants on whose
roots are found little wart like tu
bercles. These tubercles contain
nitrogen, which is gathered and
stored in this way air filled with
atmospheric nitrogen circulates
through the soil. As it passes
through the bacteria composing
the tubercles take out the nitro
gen and hold it as a food for the
plant itself and other plants com
ing after.
.Great quantities of nitrogen can
thus be stored in the son and since
nearly one-half of the cost of com
mercial fertilizer comes from ni
trogen It- is of advantage to the
farmer to grow alfalfa, clover,
cow peas, soy beans, vetch, or oth
er lejtuminous crops to do away
with the buying of costly nitro
gen, h '.i ..' .-i.. ...
Excellent Stock Feed
In addition-to being nature's
soil improvers 4nd highly valuable
in thfs way, legumes are rich -In
protein and are excellent feed for
sheep, cattle, swine, horses, etc.
They may be made into silage
and kept until needed, or dried
and fed as hay. They may also
be planted as pasture crops.
Alfalfa should be sown in good,
mellow soil, either in early fall or
early spring. When the son is
acid alfalfa will not grow unless
this acidity is corrected by the ap
plication of lime.
Clovers, alsike, white and red,
require much the same treatment.
Any soil not too loose la satisfac
tory. It is sown usually in rota
tion with some other crops, such
as corn and oats. It is practical
to sow clover In the late-summer
and early autumn mnntha Tt- ia
not advisable to pasture, a clover
field, as the tramping of the soil
by stock makes it -too comnact
and neavy. -.,
Soy beans and cow - seas both
need warm soil, and consequently
are raised more in the south than
here. They mar furnish rracfn
for cattle, sheep or hogs, or may
be dried for hay. -- .
Vetches are excellent land woo-
-raters and flourish best. They are
used considerably for forage, but
the hay is as nutritious a cloTer
and relished much more.
These are some of the -nrincfniA
legumes. Salem - territory i could
hardly grow too many, .became
they benefit the farmer In so many
ways. ; ;
? Helen Rnrv
If 20 Lea St. Salem, n , w
April 12, 1I27.4"- v.
192 lumber cut nf Ciratrn-n An'
Washington, shows increase of
about nine per cent over 125.
HE MUST BE
BUILT ON LEGUMES
Dates of Slogans in Daily Statesman
(la Weekly Statesman)
(With a few possible change)
Loganberries, October 7, 192S
Prune, October 14
Dairying, October 21.
Flax, October 28
Filberts, November 4
Walnuts, November 11
Strawberries, November 18
Apples, November 23
Raspberries, December 3
Hint, December 9
Beans, Etc.. December 10
Blackberries, December 28
Cherries, December SO
Pears, January 6, 1927
Gooseberries, Jan nary IS
Corn, January 20
Celery, January 27
Spinach, Etc-, February S
Onions, Etc., February, 10
Potatoes, Eti, February 17.
Bees, February 24
Poultry and Pet Stock, Mar. 8
City Beautiful, Etc., March 10
Great' Cows, March 17
Paved Highways, March 24
Mead Lettuce, March 81
Sflos, Etci April 7
Legumes, April 14
Asparagus, Etc., April 21
Grapes Etc., April 28
THIS WEEK'S SLOGAN
DO YOU KNOW that Salem is the center of a district in
which the legumes do wonderfully well; that no country
can grow better red or sweet clover, or better vetches or
field peas; that alfalfa does well here; that the orchard -ist
may grow here the finest of cover crops in legumes;
that the dairyman may grow the best legumes for his
uses; that the bee keeper may raise sweet clover and
other legumes for bee pasture to his heart's content
that, in short, the farmer of this district now has the
knowledge in his noodle of the great value of the nodules
on the rootlets of the legumes; and that he is using this
knowledge for his own good and the good of this dis
trict in general; and that we have a very healthy and
most hopeful and beneficial boom in legumes?
PLUS THAT GET
HITK1HAIH
Editor Statesman:
Many a piece of farm land that
was once very valuable lies uncul
tivated now. The land is useless
because it is .worn out. Year af
ter year, crops have been planted
that took plant food from the soil,
and the farmers replaced nothing.
By the planting of legume crops
this valuable food is replaced. Ro
tating crops helps worn out land,
but even that is useless if the two
valuable plant foods, nitrogen and
humus, are absent.
Humus is decomposed vegeta
ble matter that nature uses 'to
check the greed of man. Other
wise man would soon starve to
death if he was not protected from
his own greed.
Nitrogen, one of the most 'nec
essary elements, of plant life, is
the most-unstable and costly. The
sell supply1 of nitrogen is light be
cause nitrogen has escaped in
vast amounts during the past ages.
Nitrogen is in the air, put few
plants can collect it from there.
It must be in the soil where it Is
easily collected by the root ten
drils. Plants that can get nitro
gen from the air are called le
gumes. These embrace the clover,
alfalfa, vetches, peas, beans and
others of less value. The bac
teria which store the atmospheric
nitrogen are formed in tiny mod
ules on the feeding roots of the
legume plants.
When a field is cut over, the
roots decay and leave in the soil
the bacteria and nitrogen that
they have gathered.
If clovers are allowed to grow
to maturity before they are har-
i A VI .
Salem Chickerie
288 North Cottage '
Telephone 400 J
' Salem' in
Hunt's Quality Traits
Hunt Brothers Packing '
, Company;
Canned Frulta aad
. Vegetables
Mala Office!
, 9 Ptae Street 8aa Fraaclsco
California
- . Canneries: " , .
California Hayward, Eaa Jot,
Los Gatos, Exeter
Oregon Salem, ZIcMlnnvflla,
Albany
Wash Ington PnyaHnp, Bcmner'
Drug Garden, May 8
Sugar Beets, Sorghum, Etc-,
May 13, 1927
Watr Powers, May 20
Mining, June 3
Land, Irrigation, Etc, June 10
Floriculture, Jnne 17
Hops, Cabbage, Etc.. Jane 24
Wholesaling and Jobbing,
July 1
Cncumbers, Etc, July 8
Goats, July 22
Schools, Ktc, July 29
Sheep, Aug. 5
Seeds, August 12
National Advertising, Aug. 19
Livestock, Auguxt 26
Grain 'and Grain Products,
September 2
Manufacturing, September O
Automotive Industries, Sept. 1G
Woodworking, Etc, Sept. 23
Paper Mills, September SO
(Back copies of the .Thurs
day edition of The Daily Ore
gon Statesman are on hand.
They are for sale at 10 cents
each, mailed to any address.
Current copies 5 cents.)
vested, the lower leaves and ten
drils decompose and return to the
soil as humus.
teena Hart.
1192 Shipping Street, Salem,' Ore.,
April 12, 1927, Sophomore, S. H.
S.
LEGUMES FOR A
Editor Statesman:
When did rotation of crops be
gin? It is accounted forj clear
back in the feudal system and fur
ther back than that it is not def
initely known.
We mean when we say rotation
of crops: the planting of different
plants that will restore food ma
terial to the ground. Some plants
take all the nitrogen, phosphorus
and potassium out of the soil
which are needed for plant life.
Manure is used on the farms
quite a bit. However, not every
one can get manure. It does not
really contain enough of these
food plants,, so other substances
should be scattered on or mixed
with it.
Leguminous plants restore all
the food material and can be all
used very well for different things.
The main leguminous plants are
alfalfa, peas, beans, lentils, wis
teria, blue bonnet, locust, and red
bud treeL
Little things like warts are
found on the legume plants. These
are the food material, or germ so
often called.
Alfalfa can be grown upon! a
Air Painting
DONE WITH A
GUN
M. B. Sanderson
1144 North Cottage
Oaklan d
Pontia c
, ....
Sales and Service
VICIC BROS.
ITIgh Street at Trad
- -
OT 0
SEND A GOEY EAST
plot of land for two or more years.
This makes the soil very rich in
food material. If potatoes are
then planted there they will be
very large and generally of an
even shape.
It is hard to get a good stand
of alfalfa In just two years, but
it could be used for grazing of
cattle or sheep.
AH these legumes can be raised
profusely and profitably in this
Willamette valley. A large acre
age should be planted.
" Esther Cook.
123 4 Court St., Salem, Or.,
Apr. 12, 1927.
THE IHOKTK
OF THE LEGUMES
Editor Statesman:
The legume family of plants, is
the second largest family of flow
ering plants, various members of
which are of great economic im
portance in all parts of the world.
Some, such as peas and beans, are
valued as food plants. Others are
used for medicine, dyes, timber,
wood, ornaments.
All have the strange'and inter
erting power of getting nitrogen
through small bacteria colonies on
their roots. 'The power of bring
ing nitrogen to the soil also makes
many of the legumes valuable as
green manure, and for cover crops
for the improvement of poor soils.
There are about 7,000 species
of leguminous plants known. Most
Oi them, whether trees, shrubs, or
herbs, bear their seeds in pods or
legumes and from , that comes
their family name. The scientists
call this leguminosae. One large
order in this family bears flowers
which resembles butterflies. The
common sweet pea belongs to that
order. There are other legumes
,which ..bear irregular spreading
petals and flowers; still others
bear lossoms small and and reg
ular. The mest common legume that
we havea in the Willamette valley
the vetch, which. Is most suited
to this soil and climate. Alfalfa
also thrives in the valley near the
river bottoms, where the soil is
open and porous. Cow peas are
also grown in the valley on many
of the farms. This species is also
used for green manure to fertilize
poor soil.
The alfalfa is the strongest spe
cies of legumes. It is a perennial
plant and yields from three to
four crops a year, and sometimes
lasts as long as 20 years, but
ought to be plowed when it gets
weedy, and a cover crop planted in
its place.
Donald Sademan.
Salem, Ore., Rt. 6, Box 11 7B.
Apvil 12. 1927.
LEGUMES MID THE
S
Editor Statesman:
The legumes are alfalfa;
clovers, vetch, cowpeas, and soy
beans. Alfalfa win do well wherever
the soil is rich, moist., deep, and
C. J. PUGH&CO.
Manufacturers of
Canning Machinery; Grad
ers, Trucks, Etc
I SSO S. 21st St Salem, Oregon
Kmp Tmr Meaay la Ofgom Bay
Koaaawau Mad at SalMa, Oragea
CAPITAL KOHXTJCBirTAX. WOXXS
J. O. io&M C Proprietors
AS Kind f IfQBDBMntal Wwk
Taetorr and Offleti
ssxa a. ooa'L oppit x. o. o. r.
OMMUrr. En tl ,
S0.
AT.TTM. OSXOOV
DIXIE HEALTH BREAD
'- Ask Yonr Grocer
DP THE CROP
i
underlaid by subsoil. Good farm
ers are partial to alfalfa for three
reasons: ,il) It yields a heavy
crop of forage for hay. (2) Be
ing a legume it improves the soli.
(3) One seeding lasts a long time.
Before the seeds are sowed, the
soil should be fine and mellow.
In the south,' the seed may be
sowed in the spring or' fall. In
the north, spring sowing is best.
Alfalfa s good for hay, it is also
pood for sheep and cattle; they
can eat what is left in the field.
Clovers
The different kinds of clovers
will sometimes grew on hard or
poor soil, but they do far better
if the Boil is enriched and properly
prepared before the seed is sowed.
Clover may be planted with bar
ley, oats and rye.
Crimson clover is a winter le
gume. It usually does best when
seeded alone, although rye. or
some other grain often seems help
ful to it. ' This kind of clover is
an excellent crop with which to
follow cotton or corn. Common
red clover, which is the standard
clover over most of the country,
is usually seeded with wheat or
rye. Japan "clover and the white
clover make good pastures, also
sweet clover makes good clover.
The best time to cut clover hay
is when its is in full bloom. It
should be mowed in the morning,
and raked in the afternoon, and
left in the windrows to cure.
Vetch i3 good for hay. Cow peas
and soy beans make good ensilage
and pasture for cows, hogs, and
sheep. These legumes have little,
knotty, wartlike, growths on the
roots of the plants. All plants do
not have these root tubercles, as
they are- called. These tubercles
are caused by bacteria or germs as
they are sometimes called. These
tiny germs uestle snugly together
on the roots of these plants. They
grow and multiply, through their
activities the soil is, enriched, by
the addition of much nitrogen
from the air. By so doing they
add nitrogen to the soil and en
rich it, o that other crops can bfe
grown. In fields where wheat is
raised year after year the crop
gets lighter. It takes lots of
nitrogen for wheat, so oy rotafion
farming of legumes it serves two
purposes. (I) Hay and pasture.
Whe-Ta-Lon
A Superior Breakfast Food
A Trial Will Convince You
Whe-Ta-Lon
Cereal Co.
, M. A. BUTLER, Slanager
Telephone 109O-W
W. W. ROSEBRAUGH
COMPANY
Manufacturers of Warm Air
Furnaces, Fruit Drying Stoves,
Smoke Stacks, Tanks, Steel and
Foundry Work, Welding -a
Specialty
17th and! Oak Sts., Salem, Ore.
F. G. LUTZ NURSERY
We plan and plant (free of
charge), for homes, large or
small, all kinds of ornamental
shrubs, perennials and rockery
plants. Landscape work.
1809 Market St. Phone 1008-R
"Buttercup Butter"
the finest
product of the
Willamette
Valley
Made in Salem
By
Capital City Cooperative
Creamery
Phone 299
SHIP BY
: SALEM
OPERATING ON A REGULAR
Between SALEM and PORTLAND and Way Landings
SCHEDULE
P Lmtc PORTLAND rOO A, Sundays, Tsiesdaya and Thafsdays)
- Lmts BALEM e:0O -A.. aL-Mondays, Wedneodaya anil Fridays
Care SUPPLIES DOCK
PORTLAND
SHIP BY
(2) It enriches the soil and saves
the fertilizer. - "' j
Arletai Sturgis
April 12, 1927. Brooks. Ore.. Rt.
1, box 21., Brooks School, eighth
grade. ,
LE
TO BUILD IIP SOIL
Dear Editor:
Leguminous plants are the sec
ond largest family of flowering
plants." They are sometimes call
ed the pulse family. '
Leguminous plants should be
planted ever so often where the
soil is getting run down, because
from the air by means of bacteria
leguminous plants take nitrogen
which live in wart I lk growth
on the roots and put it in the soil,
or in other words it builds up the
soil.
Some of . these leguminous
plants .are called alfalfa, clover,
peas and vetch. Alfalfa is a pay
ing crop, and besides it builds up
the- soil at the same time, and clo
ver does the same. , J
Vetch, when planted with other
grains, puts nitrogen in the soil,
while its companion uses it. That
way the soil has neither gained
nor lost its value in nitrogen.
Raymond Claggett.
Salem. Ore., April 11, 1927.
Keizer School. Age 16.
ARE PROFITABLE
Editor Statesman:
The leguminous plants or pulse
family include acacia, alfalfa,
beans, broom. Clover, indigo, la
burnum, licorice, locust, lupine,
peanuts, sensitive plant, sweet
pea, tamarind, vetch and wistaria.
The legumes are the second
largest flowering family of plants,
and they are of great importance
in all parts of the world. Some
are food plants while others are
GIDEON STOLZ CO.
Manufacturers of
VIXEGAR SODA WATER
Fountain Supplies
Salem . Phone 26 Ore.
OIL-0-HATIC
What It' It?.
. V.
' T BEB .
: .. v .. .
THEO. M. BARR
J Phone 192
s b. Dtnrsxoo
. BsJem Wicker Fanrftara
Manufacturing; Go.
W SH Xlre ;
sfeaauu stua Sm Qoahty
. runttitf . .
Xcpairfcnc KAnlsfclxtr. TTpkUtarttf
axis su mu. eJwm. qtw
Oregon Pulp
GUIS ARE
0
IMS 10
, . - 1 Manufacturers of
TJOND LEDGER GLASSINE
GREASEPROOF TISSUE
Support Oregon Prod acta
Specify Salem Blade" Paper for Yonr
Office Stationery
WATER and SAYE THE DIFFERENCE :
NAVIGATION CO.
STEAMER NORTHWESTERN' j ;
SCHEDULE Handling Merchandise and Carload EhlpmenU
ROUTE YOUR SHIPMENTS
SALE1I
WATER and SAVE THE DIFFERENCES
used for medicines, dye v wood
ornament.' -
AH have a strange and inter-,
ing power of (taking uitrogu,
from the air by means cf bactf-rh.
which live in wart like rrowths ia
their roots. This powe:- of bring
ing nitrogen to the boil makes
many of the legumes Valuable a.?
fertilizer and cover croba lor im
provement of poor soils .
v There are about 7000 species of
leguminous plants, and whether
trees, shrubs or herbs bear their
seeds In pods (or legumes), bonce
the family name. ' j
The legumes give u4 no only
medicines, dyes, flowersj food, and
feed crops, etc., but Improve the
soil as they grow, so thy are Val
uable crops in many w4ys.
, Jean Lucien Cmbam.
Salem, Or., P. Q. Box 2:u,
Apr. 11, 1927.
1925 Standard Buick
Coach, in
excellent condition. Lsook
a and
runs like new car.' Otto
J. Wil
3SS N.
son. The Buick Slant
Com'l. Tel. 220.
AGOODSflO
is a visible eudence
of potT jrogRssivakzs
aod ability Hod will In
crease ttour prpiks morea
dun any bocstmenc "
you can nuke..'..
SIMPLEX
M0NR0E& CR1SELL
-i Front St. (
ftjrtlandLOreflon
WW'S WW!"
ractic
First
A surgeon can. expertly re
move some part of the
human machine arid still
the machine will run, but
NOT as well as before. Why
not try Chiropractic firstl
Remember the Neurocalo
meter locates nerve pres
sure. Chiropractic Adjust
ments remove nerve pressures-
' -; -
',,'.. .r, "
Neurocalometer Readings
by : Appointment Only
DR.O.LSC0n,D.C
250 North IHgh Street
Phone 87 or 1471-R
& Paper Co.
DOCK and WAREHOUSE
WSJ, -: , I i-
111
in
Try
Chirop
' - i '