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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 23, 1926)
THE OREGON STATESMAN; SALES!; OREGON nrHurj5DAYiMORNmG;ira The Slogan Pages Are Yours; Aid In Making Them Helpful to Your Wonderful City and Section CT NBU SEVENTH CONSECUTIVE YEAR THE DAILY STATESMAN dedicates two or more pages each week in the interests of one of the fifty-two to a hundred basic industries of the Salem district, letters and articles from people with vision are solicited. This is your page. Help make Salem grow. 10 s ST HI FRIES 1 THERE IS PRACTICALLY EVERGREEN GP EAT Prof. Schuster of the Oregon Agricultural College Gives Latest Hints on Soil Conditions and Other Matters in Successful Growing of Our Great Pie Berry of Com- f merce He Thinks Irrigation Will Improve the Quality and Quantity Editor Statesman: The blackberry Industry of Ore gon is primarily concerned and confined to the canning of the Evergreen blackberry. The big bulk of the berries canned in this state are those of the wild patch es, either in the Willamette valley or in the coast valleys adjoining. These berries have a reputation of being very firm and solid, and as surfi are bought after by the pie factories of the eastern part of the United' States. Oregon cans but a very small quantity of fancy black hrri.e in fivrim a th hlarkher-' Ties are not primarily of that qual- Ity Acreage under cultivation of the Evergreen is very limited, but increasing quite rapidly. There is a tendency and a demand for lar ger berries such as could be grjwn und,er motivation with good care. Probably as these patches develop a larger percentage will be canned In fancy syrup, bringing a slightly higher price. The growing of the Evergreen has not met with the general favor that many other, berries have, due to the difficulty in handling it in a commercial way. The tremend ous growth and the very thorny condition of the cane, make them very difficult to handle, but the crops reported in "Washington, where they average six tons to the acre, make them attractive to growers notwithstanding the dif ficulty in handling. The Other Varieties The Himalaya and Australian are grown only to a limited ex tent, lioth of them being a soft er, less desirable blackberry for the canning trade. Wo find the Himalaya Krown to a certain ex- lent to furnish a larger berry for the fresh trade in local markets. The Australian is seldom found and does not seem to be as satis factory as the Himalaya. Proba bly of all the berries that we have the Himalaya is the rankest, most . vigorous grower of all. and as BUch it is the most difficult to handle. It does have the advant age. though, that it does not have to be entirely renewed each year as some growers are handling it by keeping the original canes year after year and merely renewing from points on those canes. The Mammoth blackberry is the first large blackberry to rinen in the summer. The quality is very excellent, but is inclined to be soft .for canning. Connected, with the Mammoth is the Cory Thornless that apparently is a bud sport of 'the Mammoth. The Cory Thorn less has a characteristic similar to many other bud sports of revert ing to its original condition, so that it has been commonly report ed that a Cory Thornless planting may in a short time be almost or altogether nothing but a planting of the Mammoth. In other words the thornless rots or hills, by put ting out new canes of a thorny condition, and reverts to the orlg inal Mammoth blackberry. .Self Sterile Varieties In connection with these two berries we have a condition found only in them. Most of our black berries are entirely self-fertile. seeding no cross-pollination. Ex periments with the Mammoth have shown definitely that it is self fterile and needs cross pollination So far as known no exact work has been done with the Cory Thorn less but it apparently behaves in the same way, for whole plant 'Jngs of this variety have failed en tirely where no other blackberry was near. Where they are inter : planted they . ttcein to bear and bear quite heavily, furnishing do licioiis fruit for the fresh market. Onr Native Variety All of these trailing evergreen varieties have been imported from other countries. We have here in the Willamette valley the native dewberry or native . blackberry, ."which is now called the Ideal Wild.. It is a perfect fruiting and ' 4and perfect blooming variety of theVRubu Mat-ropetalua. the na tive dewberry or native early 'blackberry of this section. From ... this species has come in the past .varieties like the Cazadero, Belle of Washington, and similar vari eties which have not. up to date made any Impress on our horticul ture. The . ideal wild apparently l 1111. I . . o u ,inwo larger, mougn not as NO CHOICE: coin sweet as he common wild black berry found in the woods. AH of the blackberries men tioned previously have been those of a trailing character. There has not been found any of the up right that have been satisfactory under our conditions as compared to those that we are growing of the. trailing variety. The Eldora do. Kittatiny or any of the others that have been tried and grown have hewn dlscerded for one rea son or. another. They are easier to handle as a rule, but have prov- on less satisfactory in yield or In quality of fruit as compared to the others Ideal Conditions Hero We have in our locations of! western Oregon apparently ideal ( conditions for the development of: the Evergreen blackberry. They j are simply at home here, as evi- denced by their escape to the j wild, and the way they spread in the hillsides .and valleys without '. any care. j Anyone noting the wide distri bution of these berries would think 'that they would be grown permiscuously without any care or adaptation of soil. However, the best berries will always be found ! on the deep, well drained soils. that supply abundant moisture. Anyone that has hunted through the mountains or fished along the streams knows that the larg est and finest berries are found next to small streams or even larger streams where the. soil is deep but well supplied with mois ture underneath. This moisture,! though, is not standing stagnant! water without oxygen in it but is i free, moving water that supplies! plentiful oxygen to the roots. The j attempt to grow Evergreen black- I berries or Himalayas on our heavy j white land or similar types of j land where the water table is ; high throughout the winter has invariably met with poor results. The roots are apparently choked off or killed off so that when the demand comes for heavy supplies of moisture in the late summer and the fruit is maturing, the plant is not able to get it. We find in those patches that the seedy, hard fruits predominate and the quality is very low. Irrigation Iteneficial One point that is yet to be de veloped but is being studied at the present time is the effect of irrigation upon that berry in this section. It would seem conditions and from observation that a heavy irrigation in the late summer would greatly increase the crop and there would be a possibility of enlarging the yield from any acreage. Due to the heavy growth and the heavy production, it would seem essential that very rich soil be provided for these fruits. Evi dently and probably the fertilizers added to these fruits on most soils will pay well for themselves. If they are to make a heavy growth and provide heavy crops they must be furnished with abundant plaiit foods, and this can only be done under most conditions by ar tificial manure such as barnyard manure and commercial fertiliz ers in combination with cover crops. In any planting made. cover cropping should start at the j very beginning in order to hold j up the fertility of the soil and! keep the soil open and friable by the addition of the vegetative matter. Cover cropping is one of the easiest and the cheapest ways of furnishing plant foods to the berries. Need Much Kmm. In connection with plant foocl and a large moisture supply comes the advisability of giving large space and room for such plants. A distance from 15 to 20 feet apart iu the rows for Evergreen blackberries and the tame for the Himalaya blackberry does not seem to be unreasonable. The rows should be at least niue feet apart for ease in cultivating and working, and apparently with such distances the yields are just as large as from closer planting and the care and work necessary is greatly reduced. The Mammoth blackberry oo the other hand takes about-the same spacing as does the. logan berry. It Is very, similar in- Its Continued on Page 13.) Dates of Slogans in Daily Statesman (In Weekly Statesman) (With a few possible change) lAtgan berries, October 7, Prunes, Oclo!er 1 4 IairjIiiR. October 21 Max, Octolier Filberts, November 4 Walnuts, November J 1 Strawberries, Novemler 18 Apples, November t Ila.splerrien, Iecember 2 Mint, IJecemlwr J Tteans, Etc., IH-eember JO I Hack berries, Ieeeinber S3 .1iei-ries, lXecember 30 Pears, January , 1927 Gooeln?rries, January 13 jCoto, January 20 Celery. January 27 Spinach, Etc., February 3 Onions, Etc., February JO Potutoe, Etc., February 17. llees, February 24 Poultry and Pet Slock, Mar. City Beautiful, Etc., March 10 Great Cows, March 17 Paved Highways. .March 21 Head Eettuce, M:irch 31 Silos, Etc., April 7 lcgunies, April 14 Asparagus, Etc., April 21 (rapes, Etc., April lis THIS WEEK'S SLOGAN DID YOU KNOW that Marion county produces a big ton nage of the Evergreen blackberries in Oregon, that Polk county is next, Yamhill county third and Linn county fourth, giving the Salem district a large part of the Oregon acreage of this most, important crop; that there are chances for immense development in this great pie berry industry here; that it is an important link in diver sified agriculture; that there is profit in growing Ever green blackberries, and an empire here in extent suitable for their growth, and thatUiew comers will do well to study the importance of this berry in their schemes of production. GASGARA W1AY PROVE HI UNUSED Experiments Are Being Carried on at the Oregon Agricul tural College, There Being Three Ways to Start Plan tations It Is Likely That There Will Be a Market for Cascara Bark for a Long Time (In the December number of "The Oregon Countryman," one of the publications of the Oregon Ag ricultural college, there is printod the following article, by T. J. Starker, professor of forestry at the college: ) On most large farms there is usually some land that cannot be cropped successfully with ordinary crops. This land may be too wet, too dry, or too steep or, here on the Pacific coast, too expensive to clear. Under some of these con ditions the growth of cascara or chit tern may be profitable and with this in mind the school of forestry has had this tree under observation for several years. Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) was discovered on the banks of a tributary of the Columbia river about 1805 by members of an ex ploring party attached to the Lew is and Clark exposition. It has been grown under cultivation at the Arnold Arboretum, near Cam bridge, Mass.. since 1S73. In old California the Mexican and Spanish priests claimed to have known it since the early 19th century, cflling it cascara sagra da (sacred bark) because the wood was supposed to be identical with the "shittini or chittim" wood used in the arc of the cove nant. The same wood was also said to have been used for dowel pins in the construction of King Solomon's temple. The eommercial ranee of this tree is much smaller than its bo tanical rango, being confined to northwestern California, western Oregon and "Washington and southern British , Columbia. By far the largest per cent of the l;irk .is gathered in western Ore gon and Washington. Methods of Planting Two methods of starting planta tions are available. Our expert- Hunt's Quality Fruits Hunt Brothers Packing Company Canned Fruits and Vegetables Main Office: 3 Pine Street, San Francisco California , Canneries: - - ., California Hayward. Je, n 1 Los Gatos, T. . Oregon Salem, il. . Albany J Washington Pnyalli t Drug Garden, May Sugar Iteets, Sorghum, Etc., ! 13, 1927 Wat.-r Powers, May 20 Mining, June 3 Ianrt, Irrigation, Etc., Juno 10 Floriculture, June 17 Hops, Cabbage, Etc., June 24 Wholesaling and' Jobbing, July 1 Cucumbers, Etc., July 8 Gnats, July 22 Schools, Etc., July 29 She p. Aug. 5 National Advertising, Aug. 12 Livestock, August 20 Grain and Grain Products, Sept. 2 Maimfact uring, September 9 Automotive Industrie, Sfpt. lO Woodworking, Etc., Sept. 23 Paper Mills, Sept. 30 Summary, Oct. 7 (Hack, copies of the Thurs day edition of The Daily Ore gon Statesman are on hand. They are for sale at 10 cents each, mailed to any address. Current copies 5 cents.) PROFITABLE LID; OAC AUTHORITY ments indicate that wild seedlings dug in the woods and transplanted to the nursery, do remarkably well. The root system is also made mojfce compact and fibrous by this transplanting process and better success is assured 'in the final field planting. However, if the ground could be well prepared, good survival should result in dir ect planting from forest to plan tation. No confusion need result in selecting cascara seedlings, as it is the only deciduous tree in this region whose buds are not covered by bud scales. Young seedlings are apt to retain their loaves through the winter, which makes identification doubly sure. Germination Variable Seedlings can also be secured by planting seed which can be col lected direct from the tree or from the ground in early fall. Germin ation of cascara seed is variable, but our present knowledge seems to indicate that early fall planting in sandy moist loam will give good results. If necessary to keep over winter the seed should be stratified in moist sand. A third method of securing stock has also been successful, but is only practical when a few plants are desired or when there is no seed or wild stock of suit able size available. This method is "layering." a practice quite common in filbert culture. On fair soil in the nursery at Cbrvallis. fall sown seed grew to three feet the first season, while spring sown seed averaged less than one foot. If the seedlings are planted in rows three feet apart 'and two- feet .-between plants. comiftercial harvesting should be able to start within eight to ten years. The weaker O a k 1 an d P o n t i a c Sales and Service VICK BROS. nigh Street at Trade SEI A COPY EAST BLACKBERRIES ARE IN It Does Not Require Fortunes to Introduce This Well Known Fruit Editor Statesman: While I am honored by this, your invitation, to write an article about blackberries, yet I must ad mit that my experience covers only five years. So this article must be limited accordingly. We have evergreen blackberries only. They grow rank and are very prolific. Ours grow in well watered grounds. They require very little attention excepting at gathering time. The crop has never failed us. The fruit is lus cious, large and abundant. The buyers always seem ready and anxious to accept our blackberries at market prices. We usually re ceive 4 U to 5c per pound for this fruit. Buyers never make any criti cisms or deprecatory remarks about our blackberries. As our farmers have learned to their cost, this is not true of all kinds of fruit they take to market. Quality Well Known All over our big U. S. A. every body knows that blackberries are very good eating and it is not necessary to spend fortunes to in troduce this well known fruit. Who ever saw any one that didn't like blackberries? I know of no other fruit that is so-sure a crop or requires so little effort to pro duce as the wonderful Evergreen blackberry. H. E. STEWART, Crystal Spring Farm. Salem. Or.. IU. 4, Box 118, Dec. 18, 192C. trees could be entirely removed, while the others could be cut close to the ground after all the bark is removed, allowing the stump to sprout or coppice and thus provide an additional later crop. This should be an absolute rule, in either harvesting the cultivated or wild' bark, for if the dead stub is allowed to remain, it devitalizes the root system and the sprouting is greatly decreased. In cultivat ed plantations the removal of all but one or two sprouts per stump is considered good practice and will hasten the development of the next crop. It Will Persist It seems fairly certain that the price of cascara bark will never rKe to any fabulous mark because of the competition of mineral com pounds which will take its place a? a laxative preparation in case W. W. ROSE BR AUG II COMPANY Manufacturers of Warm Air Furnaces, Fruit Drying Stoves, Smoke Stacks. Tanks, Steel and Foundry Work, Welding a Specialty 17th and Oak Sts., Salem, Ore. C. J. PUGH & CO. Manufacturers of Canning Machinery; Grad ers, Trucks, Etc. 5r0 S. 2lst St., Salem, .Oregon Keep Tear Money in Oregon Buy Monument Made at Salem, Oregon CAPITAL MONUMENT Ala WOKKS J. C. Jonei Co., Proprietor All Kinds of Monumental Work Factory and Office: 2210 8. Com'l., Opponite I. O. O. T. Cemetery, Box 21 Phone 689. 8AXEM, OREGON GIDEON-STOLZ CO. Manufacturers of VINEGAR SODA WATER Fountain S applies Salem Phone 26 Ore. DIXIE BREAD DIXIE HEALTH BREAD Ask Your Grocer Hi of its' high price. However, cas cara bark will find! a market at a reasonable price for a long time in spite of competition. This fact can be explained by the slowness of people in changing their old ideas and customs, and also from the fact that the laxative prepar ations from cascara bark are real ly superior to that of mineral com pounds. An Excellent Laxative Professor Justin Power of the school of pharmacy says, "For the treatment of habitual consti pation due to the lack of funda mental activity of the intestines or lack of digestive secretions, cascara sagrada has no peer. In the use of most laxatives, gradual ly increasing doses are necessary to produce their effect, but this is not true of cascara sagrada. .It not only increases the secretions of the gastro-intestinal canal, but, due to its bitter principle, it aets as a onic, improves the appetite and digesion and prevents the con stipation which usually follows the use of similar drugs." It is rather difficult to forecast the probabilities of any industry, but it is believed, under the right conditions, that cascara can be raised at a profit fo ra number of years. (The Slogan editor of The Statesman has been contending, for many years, that the time was coming when cascara trees in the forests would become depleted, and that the cultivation of this crop would become a paying one in this section. It is not likely that the time will come, within any near future period, when any substitute will be considered just as good as cascara. Ed.) American Writers Swell Riviera Literary Colony NICE. (AP) American au thors are becoming prominent in the Riviera literary colony wln'rh has been exclusively Anglo-French for many years. Brand Whitlock spends the win ter months writing at Cannes. Max Eatman is completing; another book on Soviet Russia in the gar den of his Antibes home. F. Scott Fitzgerald is polishing off another flapper novel at Juan-les-Pins; Struthers Butt is working at Ilyeres and Frank Harris is di viding his time between preparing the third Volume of his autobiog raphy and attempting to free the second volume from the hands of the law. F. G. LUTZ NURSERY We plan and plant (free of charge), for homes, large or small, all kinds of ornamental shrubs, perennials and rockery plants. Landscape work. JHOO .Market St. Phone 1G08-R DEMAND "Marion Butter If The Best More Cows and Better Cows la the Crying Need Marion Creamery & Produce Co. Salem, Oregon Phone 2422 CAPITAL CITY CO-OPERATIVE CREAMERY BUTTER-CUP BUTTER "Known for its QDALITT" Buyers of Best Grade Cream Our Method: Co-operation Our Ideal: The Best Only 137 South Commercial Street Phone 200 SHIP BY SALEM OPERATING ON A REGULAR SCHEDULE- Handling Merchandise snd Carload Shipment. Between SALEM and TORTLAND and Way Landings V W 4 . SCHEDULE f, irm PORTLAND 6:00 A. M. Sunday p. Tuesday, aafl Tbnr4r 5 Lare HAJLkM 6:00 A. BI. Mniirfv. urtxi.Mt.. .. wivfTC. 4 Care SUPPLIES DOCK V, PORTLAND Phone EAST 8871 'SniP-DY OMR THE PRUNE INDUSTRY; HOW WDBK HAS SD FAB PROSRESSEO 'Preliminary Report to Date of the Organization Work in Connection With the Dried Prune Industry of Western Oregon and Clarke County Washington, December 21, 1926," Shows Very Good Progress Has Been Made (The quoted words in the above heading is the title of a report of progress that has been sent out ' from the Portland Chamber Commerce, and which deserves j prunes and patk them and distrib careful reading, as follows: ; ,lte them through a growers dls- Because of the very unsatisfac- j ributing organization similar to tory returns to the growers of the Northwestern Prune Exchange, dried prunes for the crop of 19261 Ther second plan of unit was to and because of the fact that the j merely" pool "the prunes and pack opening price which has been the such portions as could be sold highest-price for dried prunes the j through brokers or other prune last four years, was cut several j packers. and to sell the remainder times until to. most growers there-in bulk thrcrugh packers or brok- was no profit, upon the request of many owners and business men the marketing department of the Portland Chamber of Commerce, together with the marketing de partment of the Oregon Agricul tural college, after many confer ences with individual growers throughout the state and bankers and other business men, worked out plan which it was believed would remedy or at least improve the marketing situation. In order to ascertain whether or no the prune growers general ly throughout the state would ap prove of organizing along the lines that were suggested, a general state wide prune growers meeting was held at Dallas on November 5. at which time there were pres ent over 200 prune growers and about 25 other people interested in packing and distributing prunes as well as business men, and a full consideration was given to the plan to organize the growers into OIL-0-MATIC- What Is It? BEE THEO. M. BARR Phone 192 I B. DUX8MOOB Salem Wicker Furaltare Manufacturing Oo. Wa SaU Street Sanalaa Battaa Km Quality rarnltura Xapairinf. Xaflniahlnf, Upbolitartaaj 8 2 IS Stata St.. Salvia, Oregon T. A. Livesley & Co. Largest Growers, Shippers and Exporters of PACIFIC COAST HOPS Offices: Salem; Oregon and San Francisco, California Oregon Pulp & Paper Co. Manufacturers of BOND LEDGER GLASSINE GREASEPROOF TISSUE Support Oregon Products Specify "Salem Made Paper for Your " Office Stationery " WATER and SAVE THE DIFFERENCE S NAVIGATION CO. STEAMER "NORTH WESTERN' m , v. --- ROUTE YOUR SHIPMENTS WATER and BAVJ3 THE DrFFERENCI? j some one of three different kinds fot units. 1 i Three Different Plans Tho fit-cf fnrm rf nntf n ffesf erl f. v.. . . . t . w . V " - " OO 1 ti 1. 1 -1. 1 ,1 v.t i was iX UUil UKU W UUiU uuu lutu . ers. The third form of unit to be merely a unit for pooling the dry prunes of the members, and all such prunes to be packed and dis tributed by the private packers. A Central Organization Regardless of the kind of unit which the grower might desire to form, it is the intention that rep resentatives of all locals formed will come into a central meeting or organization for the purpose of carrying out the different matters which pertain to the industry as a whole and which everyone con- ( Continued on Page 12.) WATCH YOUR EYES It is very probable that your poor eyesight is caused by nerve pressure. Have your Chiropractor give you a Neuro calometer reading and. if neces sary, take Chiropractic Adjust ments. Many cases of impaired eyesight have been nelped through Chiropractic and it Is surely worth a trial. See your Chiropractor today. Remember this: Tho Nenrocalometer IvOcaXea Xerre Pressure Chiropractic Adjustments Re move Xerre Pressure Neurocalometer readings by appointment only Dr.O.L. Scott, D.C. 256 Xorth High Street Phone 87 or S28-B . i. w ww m m mwj w SALEM POCK and WAREHOUSE FOOT OP COURT STREET a mm . Pboae oej - i V