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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 28, 1926)
. w 11 -8-, . ' j' " THE OREGON STATESMAN, SALEM, OREGOlj ' WEDNESDAY- MORNINC JUIA" 28.-tOgfl "" j "GIVE WEST AID," PLEA OF PIERCE AT MEETING (Continued from page 1) a revolution will wreck this civili zation, just as the end came to the fair city on the Tiber, -when the. populace refused to be ap peased by corn from Egypt and games In the gladltorial arena. "At this conference of gover- nors we should decide that we will resist with allour power any fur ther encroachments of the federal government upon the powers of the states that our fathers un questionably intended should be fr rever reserved to the states. By Judicial interpretation, by federal .enactments, the powers of the states are today mere shadows of what they were intended to be." CHEYENNE. Wyo., July 27. (By Associated Press). While .governors representing every sec tion of the nation agreed that pro hibition enforcement by the fed eral government was no violation of state rights and was an ex tremely necessary part of the present day governmental activi ties, two western governors as sailed federal governmental inter ference in agriculture and indus try of their sections, at the sec ond day's session of the national governors' conference here today. It is distinctly the province of the federal government to enforce prohibition and state gqvernors should lend their support and own police forces for the upholding of the "dry" law, so Governors Ralph O. Brewster of Maine, John H. Trumbull of Connecticut, Walter M, ' Pierce of Oregon, Adam Me Mullen of Nebraska and W. J. Fields of Kentucky went on rec ord in conference addresses. ; That the extension of the fed eral government police powers to enter the field of local govern ment was the remedy of Governor Brewster to curb the increasing crime wave, "intimately allied .With prohibition, the scent of li quor running across the trail of every crime." " "No backward step in national prohibition should or can be taken," was Governor Pierce's view. MM speech in full, follows: Western Reaction to Federal Usurpation . No point of view can be thor oughly understood without some consideration of the factors which have developed it. Let me, there fore, review briefly for you the background of our western com monwealths, because the history and the geography of our states have had a most significant bear Ins upon the development of the western viewpoint toward federal bureaucracy and the steady en croachment of federal activitier on governmental functions which belong to the states. With Buck , . brief rehearsal to refresh your memories you will better under stand and perhaps sympathize wore fully, with the contention of the people of the west Regarding Uils perplexing question. The history of the Pacifit Nerthwest begins with the migra tion of the Asiatics, who were the ancestors of our Coast Indians in the distant past. Then came mar itime enterprises. Cook and other navigators exploring the North Pacific. The fur trade with China first turned the attention of th worjd to the western coast. It was far easier to cross the 6000 miles of western ocean to China than it was to cross the 3000 miles of trackless land to the Atlantic, and there grew up a commerce be tween the settlers, from Alaska to California, with the people who lived on the eastern side of the Pacific Ocean, j Reviews History - Follow me for a-, moment through the three periods into Which modern historians choose to divide the history of civilization First came -the River Civilization "when our ancestors, from the ver; tlawn of history, journeyed up and down the streams transporting , their products from one camp to another in .boats. Next followed the civilization which developed on the shores of the Inland Seas; such as that which rose to powei on the banks of the Mediterranean. Third, we have Jh. civilizations which,. within the last four centur ies, have developed by reason of v ocean travel. Dim centuries ago our Aryan ancestors left the Eastern shore of the Pacific, Rim .and started on their toilsome journey through Asia, passing and conquering the Semitic civilization of. the Fertile Crescent; then along the shores of the Black Sea into- Europe, to be held back there for a long, period . by ; the Impassable Atlantic. At last they discovered, some four . centuries ago. that the oceans were not the Ultima Thule, but the great highways of the world. They crossed tba Atlantic, and by slow degrees wended their way 3000 miles to the Western Rim of the Pacific, where, having circled the r globe, they gained, on our West ern Coast, the last frontier. Pioneers Loyal , ,The British originally laid in- aeiHitte claims to the "Oregon country." There was a Joint oc- cupauon of the Pacific Northwest - -ty Great Britain and the United .. .- States, Oregon's status as a part -r -of. the Union being finally settled by the Influx of a thousand Amer- lean emigrants la 1 8 4 3. Our" eariT buttery I filled with dramatl 1n. eldest in connection with the fur - -trade; the heroism tt the mission. ' ariea and the, bravery of our plo- r-.euers,.vTliat long Journey . u7 ox-ieam over tne Oregon Trail -from, thaJRiveriMlssourl to the ter tile I fields of Orern at. by reason of distance traveled, ob erconM nd results ob- I'M greatest migration In all history. This country was then considered by some states men at Washington as undesirable territory, which could never be a part of the Union on account of its remoteness. Webster vas cred ited, perhaps erroneously, with the statement: "What do we want with the vast, worthless area this re gion of savages and wild bea9ts, of deserts, of shifting sands and whirlwinds of dust, of cactus and prairie dogs?" We do know that he was willing to trade off the entire Northwest for a few fishing rights around Newfoundland Bay. Geographic conditions largely influence the habits and thoughts of people. Mountain barriers. and ocean frontiers play a part in shaping our lives. Ours is a coun try of high mountains, immense tracts of timber, abundant water power, vast plains, carpeted by nature with the most nutritive of grasses, affording sustenance for immense Hocks of animals. Our rivers and' mountains streams are filled with fish. The Cascades, that chain of lofty mountains which extend from the Mexican border to Alaska, is broken through but three times by rivers flowing to the west; the Fraser, the Columbia and the Klamath. Our forests are replaced by nature more quickly than in almost any other part of the country. Care ful, selective logging will make the Coast's marvelous supply of Umber continuous throughout the ages. Oregon Aids Union Our isolation and our unmixed American ancestry helped to de velop many original ideas of gov ernment. Our early isolation might be illustrated by the fact that Polk was nominated, elected and had served six months before the people in Oregon knew the name of the nominee. Our elee tions were held in June so that our representatives sent to Wash ington could reach that city by December. The Initiative, the Referendum, the Recall, the Cor rupt Practices Act, were given first practical trial in Oregon. It was Oregon that gave the exam ple to the United States that paved the way for the popular election of United States Senators, and while; these reforms have not ac complished all that was hoped for, we do know that they have greatly clarified the political atmosphere and are a vast improvement oVer former days. We of the Pacific Northwest were startled when the enemies of this Republic admitted before a Senate Committee that they had contributed millions in the last primary in Pennsylvania to debauch the electorate of the state where lived the Incorruptible Benjamin Franklin. Pioneers' Sons Rale gratitude to the East for the cul ture and educational institutions transmitted to us. Oregon's con stitution is almost an exact copy from Indiana; our code, was taken from Iowa. There Is 'a peculiar c harm for. historian and story wri ter surrounding the fact that the Pacific Northwest drew hardy, In dependent .in en and women from all of the states of the Union. That they were brave there can be no doubt, for the- indolent,' the lazy, the thoughtless, did not dare to make the journey. Those who came had to know how to make their living in the forests and on the plains; to find and prepare their food; to make their clothing, all under the most primitive c6n dttlons. They were obliged to protect themselves, not only from the Indians, but from the ele ments. Our libraries t6em with the stories of the pioneers .who came in covered wagon and devel oped a new country. , The men who are determining the policies of the far west today are but one generation removed front these venturesome men and "women, who were driven to the frontier by their forceful initiatives and marked independence. That their descendants should have what might appear to Eastern people a peculiarly independent 'air, should not come as a surprise. Person ally, they are highly individual istic; politically, intensely demo cratic, prone to yield to carefully prepared propaganda perhaps- as easily as citizens In the Eastern states. Pioneer conditions have passed and the American frontier is gone forever. The blood in our veins calls aloud against the aggressions of the federal government; against the federal usurpations that we" feel on every hand. With such traditions it is no wonder that we resent the federal agents who fairly swarm in our western states. . Often they are beardless boys, mere youths, who know nothing of the trials and condi tions that won our beautiful fields from the forest and the- desert. and they proceed to tell our hardy old . stockmen how to graze-their cattle, feed their sheep and attend to the. ordinary duties of agricul tural life. Most of them are strangers and . out of sympathy with our people, Pennoyer Asserts Rights There" have been many conflicts with federal authority. In - Oregon. One of my predecessors; Sylvester Pennoyer, grand.' sturdy old ; pa triot. Informed the president of the United States, when he was on D. H. Mosher, Merchant Tailor, Is turjilnr out the nobbiest and best fitting- tailor made suits 'to measure. ,100' business and pro fessional men buy of Mosher. () :- - ' J ' f-v? &. jv wbou:w?n&ir. ComL St.. fnrnltnre atbre.' Bar gains in furniture ot all . kind. Agent lor Lang ranges, best made. Also auctioneers. " PLEADS FOR WEST - i I j .:y v ' f i I ; iLAi--..-. ... . .. , ... ..-.-.i.i, --gaK:,S1"tiMLB-aJ i GOVERNOR WAIi a western tour, that the governor would be glad to greet him in the executive offices at the Capitol of Oregon, but refused to leave his office to greet the Nation's chief executive at the state boundary. Proud old Pennoyer has been se verely criticised for his lack of courtesy to the visiting president, but many of those who carried within their veins pioneer blood admired his Independence, his honesty, and his attempt to retain the respect for the sovereign pow ers of the state which hate been so sadly overridden in i recent years. At the time of Coxey's Army excitement, governor Penn oyer received a telegram from President Cleveland, warning the Oregon governor of the dangers of internal disorders in his state. Pennoyer promptly wired the pres ident: "Attend to your own bus iness and I will attend to mine." Pennoyer was eastern-born, a graduate of Harvard, but his western life had given him; the in dependent spirit that caused him to send the telegram which may seem crude and discourteous to those who are seeking to wipe out practically every state line and govern the land from ocean to ocean by bureaus on the Atlantic Coast. Dictation Flayed I often wonder what my grand old predecessor of 4 0 years ago would do today, if from the Shad ows he could come back and' be hold federal officials riding rough-shod from one end of the state to the other, telling us how to raise our babies, what trees we can cut, what water power we can develop, what power lines we may establish, what gopher we can kill, and- in what spot we may shoot the coyote. .The answer is, "10,200 people," of whom no one indi vidual owns more than 2 peri cent. Probably some of your friends are "owners." MEN, womcsj children, widows, or phaita, employe, bankers, shop girls, doctors, lawyers, clerks, executives perhaps tome friend of your rc numbered among the stockholder of Union Oil Company of California, A community of people, not a group of capitalist a representative Ameri can public, not a few rich men or one or two wealthy "estate"- era of Union Oil Company." A number of M-cafJed "small people own as many a two share quoted oa the market today at a price between 940.00 and 3 0.00 so their entire "holdinga amount to the grand total of lea than 100. Small savings but part ownership nevertheless, and "Union Oil" welcomes all to ownership no mat. ter how small the holding. But we beficva w are proudest to number among the names of our stock holders those of our own employes. The reason is, because they know us bast. & cause they arc part of pa. Know our intent, our idea!, our aim and aspi rations.: They know whether our - arc merely mottoes or are ac tually adhered to. They know us a a family group, know one another, with out our Co ipaoy i Uhion Qaw irosilailM ye was TER M. PIERCE It is probably true that you gov ernors are from states where you do not so keenly feel federal en croachments. How would you feel, from Illinois, Pennsylvania, or Missouri, to have more than half of your territory, as we have in Oregon, entirely beyond state control, non-taxable and under the jurisdiction of an absentee landlord? It makes us feel as if we were tresspassers in the land of our birth. West of the Cheyenne meridian will be found two-thirds of all the potential water-power in the Un ited States. The greatest remain ing material asset; in the West is water, for irrigation and hydro electric development. More than three million horsepower can be developed from the waters of the streams in and bordering the state of Oregon; yet, under the Federal Power Act, more than 85 per cent of this power is under the control of the federal government. This control is not exercised because of any theory that tfie water, the most essential part of the devel opment, belongs to the federal government. It is not exercised entirely because the lands on which the power sites are to be developed belong to the federal government, but if any part of the public domain is utilized the fed eral government automatically as- The Commercial Book Store has everything you need in books and stationery and supplies for the school, office or home, at the low est possible prices. () W. G. Krueger, realtor; progres sive, fair; equitable. Growing city and country make possible buy that will make you good money. Complete listings. 147 N. Com'l. () Who "Owns" Union Oil ? : And most of this pkye is investment ownership, with no thought of speculation. It is "rainy" day" saving capital accounta "stake" far independence. It represents belief in the Company, confidence and trust in it permanenca and future. . (To us, this means deep obligation on our part a trust that wc must keep. And in keeping it for those who work for us wc keep it for aQ others for our selves who own our own Mock, for our employes, and for you outside. Because you own the same stock a we do if you are on our stockholders' list. So when you think of "Union Oil," think of it as human a an institution owned and operated by an everyday type f home-loving human beings, not by the wealthy or by a few "big capitalists." Union Oil Company of California is Western Company, making non detonating Union Gasoline and Aristo Motor Oil the own- I off California t: ! ! h J. i Oil pampany mw h AM v rinmallii tfcaUa OCaLyssy wafcaWbAm aUU awabiaasstftksa afcw afl af fa nncas una. J sumes control. If the back-water from a proposed dam covering perhaps a thousand acres, hap pens to overflow a few acres of government land, the project is subject to the rules of the Fed eral Power Commission. Yes, even if the power line from the plant crosses a corner of govern ment property, the control be comes vested in the federal gov ernment. Oregon Wants Justice The Stanfield Bill, recently r.igned by the President, is a most righteous measure, paying into the treasuries of a few of our coun ties taxes that would have been due those counties from the for mer owners of railroad grant lands that were forfeited to the government of the United States by an Act of Congress. Even with this appropriation there are still millions of dollars of property in forest reserves and park reserves, held, controlled and managed by the federal government, which contributes not one single cent for the maintenance of state or county government. It is true that one-fourth of the amount re ceived from timber on forest re serves goes into the school fund, but why should not all of It go there? Is there any logical rea- soh why the eastern states, al ready developed, thickly populat ed, with wealth beyond the imagi nation of westerners, should in sist on taking the proceeds from our forests and placing them in the I'nited States treasury? Toledo Case Cited I wish to give you one instance: We have in Oregon the finest spruce forests in the known world. It is from this spruce that aero plane stock is largely derived. During the great war the develop ment of this industry was regard ed as very important. The gov ernment constructed a large mill for working up the spruce at To ledo, Oregon. Just when it was ready to operate, the war ceased. This plant represented to the United States an investment of about 112,000,000. The govern ment sold this fine plant, and this magnificent forest of spruce, con taining over a thousand million feet, to the Pacific Spruce Cor poration, on a twenty-year pay ment plan, for approximately $2,- 250.000, the title to the mill and timber to remain in the United States until paid for in full. This company has refused not only to pay taxes on the timber that they purchased from the government, but so far have successfully re sisted every attempt that has been made to collect taxes on their mill and railroad. Large corporation that it is, it compels the impover ished farmer and home owner of a little lumbering town of less than 2,000 people to pay all expenses for running the schools and also the levies for state and county governments. There stands this property, worth many, many mil lions, with plenty of federal offi- stockholding by mainly for consumption in the West, and largely to ait Western motoring conditions an institution of which 76 is owned by Western people, and of which the West may well be proud. It is an institu tion whose main aim and greatest wish is to serve you to the best of its ability. 5 HSi " .T cers to nrotect it. Do yon wonder that In that county the Bons and daughters of pioneers of tne ra cific Northwest are bitter In their resentment at such conduct on the part of a federal bureau 3.000 miles away? Simple justice should have caused the government to provide In the Toledo case that the corporation which purchased this valuable property should pay taxes and help to support tne schools and maintain the county and state governments. The tim ber will be cut and the company will go out of business before ti tle Basses from the government so no taxes will ever be paid. Was this any more usurpation of au thority than that which caused the American Revolution? "Crime Unprecedented" It is true that following the great Civil war, railroads were needed to unite the Atlantic and the Pacific, but it was a crime un precedented to give away such vast empires of land as were granted to the various western railroads for the construction of the roads, and then have the fed eral government protect, as they are doing today, through laws and court decisions, the little group of multi-millionaires who have ac quired, by means fair and foul, these great lines of transporta: tion. Evade Tax Payment For instance, in trying to col lect income tax which we believed was justly due from the O.W.lt.R. & N. Company, that part of the fJnion Pacific System which oper ates in Oregon, it developed that the O.W.R.R. & N. Company was owned by the Oregou Short Line, which is that part of the 1'nion Pacific System operating in Idaho. The Oregon Short Line is owned (Continued on pag ".) At Shipley's the ladles of Salem have satisfied themselves that they can get the finest spring and sum mer frocks, coats and dresses ever shown In this city. () Telephone 165, Capital City Laundry. The laundry of pure materials. We give special at tention to all home laundry work. Telephone and we will call. () The Square Deal Hardware Co., 230 N. Com'l. Most elegant and practical lines of mechanics' tools, builders' hardware, cutlery, etc. Go there and save the difference. () siblocoTURNACES cramrn!:! EASTMAN 332 North Commercial Street 250 Pairs Come BDSTERi EATING BOILED SHOE MIES COMEDY HIT Cherlie Chaplin's Genius Robs It of Repulsiveness; Now at the Oregon To eat one's own shoe boiled Is something. But, to eat that same shoe artistically is an achievement! - This is done by Charlie Chaplin in his famous comedy, "The Gold Rush."- now at the Oregon thea ter for an extended engagement. In what is claimed to be a de lightful delineation of great art istry, the public sees Charlie Chap lin as the Lone Prospector, and Mack Swain as Big Jim McKay, in a lonely cabin; stormbound in the barren wastes of Alaska. They have been starving for days. In desperation, Charlie has removed one of his big, worn-out, dilapi dated shoes, boiling it with ten der care, he serves it a la Ritz chef. The two eat this shoe. And in doing so, they make the specto- tor really believe they are enjoy ing their repast. This is an achievement in art For the fact, that the very thought of eating a shoe is offensive to good taste, but the shading of this subject which could so easily be made repulsive is so deftly por trayed that while convulsed with laughter, the spectator will always LUBRICATION is 80 per cent of car service. Is it not economy to keep your car thoroughly Lubricated? - MONROE S. CHEEK COMPLETE AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICATION Court at Capitol Streets Phone 2295 Heat Let us work. value. TO XT A C of Women's Dress and Street Pumps and Oxfords to close out at - - -- - . . -a i I I I While They Last and see what this price BROM. SI0E. 101 I remember the scene as one of the delicious high lights of "The Gold Rush" LISTEN IN I 6:00-10:00 KOIX CU9). 6 7. pip r- - fas; n. rau piyr sad ktringrj quartrt; 9-10. harmony hour. 6:0O-9:2O KW (491) C-7, d.anr con- rrt: -7:30-7:45. wrathrr, polio, tr. lUM-k aad market reports ; S-9:20, voil ftumber. 6:00-lI:OO KPWV (215). 6flPturrliM. Ira; 7:15, talk' and musi; JTmnsu-; 9. orrhstra; 10 11. Cruise Ct Wia.l jam iners. 7:3 8.30 KFJR (2B.1). Kinabi rlutt pro jr ram. 8:30-9:30 -KTBR (863). S:30, minie. tJ:o KUO (361) Oakland. 6-7, dinner C:00 K.MTR (S38) Hollywood. 6, siring quintet: . Kpanitk lna ; 8, orches tra, 9 r-liei!tra. 6:00 Kr'OX 2:3) Injr Beach. 6. or jraa; .6:20, orehoMra; 7. program; rt, program: 9-11, concert orchestra. 6:30 KLX (50) Oakland. 6:30. or rhestra; S. educational; 9-10, special program. 6:30 KPQ (42S) San Francisco. ;HO. orchestra ; 1. prog-ram ; - 8, program ; 9, program: lO. orchestra. 6:30 KFI (46?) I-o Aogcie. 6:30. or chestra: 7. -program; S, program; 9, progratr ? in. orocram. 6:30 KXX (38" Iam Angeles. 6:30, or chestra: 7-11, program: 11. orchestra. fi:4.1 KFOA 4i4 Seattle. 6:4.'.. Miidio program; 8:15, program; .8:30- 10, program. 7;Ou KK C384) Seattle. 7-8:30, pro cm m : l.ft-11, program. 7:00 KFWB (252) Hollywood. 7. pro gram: 8. preeram; 9, program and or chestra; 10:10-11, frolic. 7;:o KOAC (280) Corvalli. 7:30. ra diograms: 7:45 "Iiaipline. and It Psychological Significance," by F.ie lyn F.astraaa; Merrill-Palmer Institute of Tietroit S:CM "Items ia Planning a New Home," hj Profeaaor J. I. Fair hanks, head of art deportment; 8:15, Keadinr by Willard Wattle. 7:40 KHJ (405) Loa Angele. 7:40, lectnre; 8, program; 10-11, danca or chestra. ( : Director's Department Store Is building up a reputation for guar anteed merchandise; conducting ' a real department a tore; making steady progress, too. ,( ) your home with an Furnace Low in Price Unexcelled in Quality Scientifically Installed figure your metal J We guarantee fu 11 V Salem. Oregon Kl, V X will -'buy at. BROS