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POTEfJTIBLLy DREG
GrJ IS THE SRHTEST
S it
BflNL STATE
IS
DSHD FKOill
But There Is a Long Way to Go, Before Realizing This Most Desirable Distinction Mr.
Mickle Believes the Time Will Come Bef ore, Very Long, on Account of the Boys' and
Girls' Club Work,Thich Is Turning Out Scientific Successful Breeders and Dairy
men, and Impressing the Older Generation, Too
BY J. D. MICKLE
Dairy and Food Commissioner
"Boost, don't knock.; is godtf.
wholesome. advice, bnt sometimes
a little of what savors of knock
ing will have a more boosting ef
fect than words of praise that
smack of flattery.
Self confidence la essential but
self complacence is dangerous.
- " To use the vernacular of the
street, it Is unwise to "kid our
selves" into thinking we are what
we are not. It is well occasion
ally to take stock and see where
we are at to 'stand to one side
was shipping butter Into the Paci
fic territory- a market by location
logically, belonging to Oregon, but
which she is not supplying on ac
count of the lack of both quality
and quantity.: Dr. Larson said
Wisconsin would continue to in
vade: tnis territory with her gilt
edged butter, until Oregon cream
erymen and dairymen wake up to
a realization of the situation and
of the possibilities under improved
methods. '
The difficulty with the dairy
industry that has long existed in
Oregon, and still exists, must te
too" many small -herds not
enough cows in milk to make the
business profitable.
Western " Oregon is especially
wel adapted to intensive cultiva
tion You can grow just as much
or i just as little : as , you are a
mind to grow according to the
way you farm. With a good sized
herd of cows supplying the ma
nure with which lo fertilize the
farm and growing such legumi
nous crops as clover, vetch, al
falfa, peas, etc., the fertility and
productive capacity of the soil will
constantly increase and it will not
cows there are in Oregon it seems
unbelievable; that '50 per, cent! of
the sires in service in ourj dsury
herds are scrub " .:. - j ' j .'
Some splendid results have been
attained through cow testing as
sociations in Oregon as well as
elsewhere. 1 About one per cent of
the! cows of, the United States) are
now in cow testing1 associations,
and although these associations
have only been in existence a few;
years, the average cow in these
associations produces about j 60) per
cent more than the average jcow
hi i the United States. Surveys!
made by the bureau of. dairying,;
United States department of agriJ
culture, show that by increasing
the, average production per cow
three 'times, the" average Income
over cost of feed was increased
almost five times. In the tight
of such results why would any
dairyman refuse to enter a cow-
testing association? And, (with
registered bulls out of heavyjprof
ducing dams plentiful and avail
able at moderate prices why are
so many of our dairymen Ifstill
using scrub bulls? j
Too small dairy herds tod few
an . : - m .a
1
Tf V V . ! i
Iff '
An Oregon Cham pion Jersey Cow
and take a look at ourselves and!
endeavor " to " see ourselves as
others see us. : We hay acquired
the habit of boasting of our, great
dairy industry and speaking of
western Oregon as the greatest
dairy country, pn earth. Poten
tially, there probably is no better
dairy country and place and we
do , have a lot of the best town
on. earth; no doubt some as good
butter and cheese makers as can
be found any place and many first
class dairies and dairymen. . but
so far we have just scratched the
surface and are so undeveloped
and so far short of accomplishing
what is possible to be accomplish
ed that it ill-becomes us ' to do
much boasting.
' Not nntil quite recently did
Oregon's production of butter ex
ceed her consumption. Up to that
time she was quite self satisfied
and it was not nntil she was forced
to hunt outside market for her
charged about equally to " the
creamerymen and to the dairy
men. Cooperation is the watch
word of the day, but when coop
eration is applied in the wrong
direction -on a down-hill grade,
it-becomes a liability rather than
an asset and it is necessary to
go in reverse.
This has been attempted a num
ber ot times, but never with suf
ficient persistance and persever
ance to accomplish the desired re
sults. We refer to the attempts
Jnade at different tiniea during
the past fifteen years to grade
cream and pay for it according to
quality.
j For the supply of cream avail
able, we have too many small
creameries and shipping stations
tidding for'a sufficient supply of
cream to keep their churns going
and make a volume - of business
sufficient to take care of their
proportionately large overhead
only be possible, but practical to
grow ail the feed for the cows on
the farm. At most a small amount
of concentrates is all the dairy
farmer in western Oregon should
ever think of buying. Many of
them now raise only forty per
cent of their feed.
Too many star boarders and low
average production is the dairy
man's greatest bane. Upon the
amount of production more than
any other one- thing depends the
cost of production.' Oregon's cows
average about 168 pounds of but
terfat a year. While this is some
eighteen pounds above the average
for the United States, it is far
below the profit line.
At the economic conference held
at the Oregon Agricultural college
last year the dairymen present
agreed that a cow must produce
240 pounds of fat to break even
if all legitimate items of cost were
considered. It is evident, there-
whieh .has come to be the most
popular and highest priced cheese
on the world's market, bringing
from 5 to 7 .cents a pound abovte
unbranded cheese. s
! Coos county also specializes in
cheese and has made great strides
in improvement of production. In
fact their cheese outscored and
won first prize over the Tilla
mook product last year both at
the state fair and at the Pacific
International Livestock exposition
it Portland, but they have not
Cooperated in marketing their
heese and have had to take from
two to four cents per pound less
than Tillamook cheese has commanded.
Yes, potentially, Oregon is the
greatest dairy country on earth.
The fact that she holds seven of
the possible eight Jersey worlds'
records on production of butterfat
is quite conclusive, substantiate
evidence. Were natural conditions
not practically perfect such laurels
bever could have been won. And
When dairymen farm as suggested
jabove; when they all use the best
sires available, test their cows
and weed out the poor nroducer3
cows in muic in me average pera, and take proper care of their pro-
not oniy keeps aown pronts;, but. duct, then will the outDut be
is a big factor in retarding im
provement in the quality; of the
output of our creameries. The
average herd of Oregon is 4.5
milking cows. This makes the
overhead expense too high per
bovine population of the herd. An
average of 20 to 30 cows tjo the
herd is much better. Such a herd
is much more economically j man
aged than is one consisting of a
smaller number. Not only
that.
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but with! the larger investment
and the consequent deeper inte
rest in the industry, the dairy
man with the larger herd will take
better care of the product and
will furnish his creamerymjan a
better grade'of ' cftam. Most of
the bad cream comes fron the
small dairy. It is only , side
issue with the man milktng a
small number of cows, j He fre
quently does not deliver his cream
but once a week and when not
convenient he may not deliver that
often. In the meantime he is not
giving it the care so delicate a
product requires in order tb keep
it in, the best possible condition.
He is the" fellow who is indepen
dent and" cooperates witjh the
creameryman on the down-hill
grade."
Several months ago ten of Ore
gon's creameries organized and are
successfully cooperating in the;'
purchase of cream on the quality
basis. This organization employs
an expert who puts in his time!
instructing the buttermakrs lin:
the art of cream grading and the
dairymen who supply theiij cream
in proper methods of producing
and delivering cream, j The Im
provement of the grade of the
output ot these creameries since
they organized is quite marked,!
showing plainly that they are get-;
ting results. Conclusive evidence;
on this point is the fact that the!
highest scoring butter, in fact
most of the samples of high scor-j
ing butter exhibited at the Oregon
state fair this year wfer0 fromi
members of this cooperative ,or-
ganization is going to! persevere
and it is to be hoped !thit theirj
success will inspire others) to fol
low their example until all will
eventually fall in line aid Ore4
gon's butter standard be placed
where it rightfully belong. I
Cooperation in the right way
is the salvation of the dairy; in
dustry of Oregon cooperation in
improvement, in production, j co
operation in improvement ! in
manufacture and cooperation ! in
marketing- i
As to what may be accomplished
by cooperation along these lines,
we have an outstanding illutraj
tion in our Tillamook cheese,
doubled and the creamery will
have to haul cream only half as
far to secure its present volume,
i;ream win De aenverea more
often and the consequent quality
will be greatly improved and with
the creameryman cooperating in
this program as he will naturally
be expected to do, the desired goal
will be reached. Oregon may then
truthfully boast being the best
dairy country on earth. Her dairy
men and creamerymen will be
prosperous, her bank vaults will
be bulging with greatly increased
deposits and everybody will be
happy.
But do you say all of this will
arrive along with the millennium?
Not necessarily so at all. Not one
suggestion or prophecy iu this
article but what is practical and
readily obtainable. ALL SIGNS
POINT TO THEIR EARLY REAL
IZATION. One solid rock upon
which we base our hope is the
boys' and girls' livestock clubs.
. While it really is "hard to
teach an old dog new tricks," the
papa dog is always proud of what
the pup does and is inclined to
imitate him. The boys and girls,
members ef the dairy calf clubs,
are receiving proper instruction
and are laying the foundation if or
up-to-date,- scientific, - sacceserul
breeders and dairymen, in a few
years there will be enoughjof these
club members engaged in active
dairy work to revolutionize tne
industry. In the mean time "dad"
will be picking up and Adopting
many pointers from his Ison,' all
to their mutual benefits and! . to
the hastening of that better !day
for which we are all ilevoutly
hoping. I
(The hbove, written sfor this
annual dairy Slogan number of
The Statesman, and sent yesterday
morning, is all so important jthat
no sub-headings are give. Every
one interested in Oregon ought
to read the article clear Hhroligh.
-Ed.) j I
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Sir Walker Inka Homestead, Hols tern bull, owned by F. "VY. Durbin
and Son, Salem. He was grand champion at the Oregon State Fair.
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uJWMiyMEiKS
I.LW
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Tillamook Dairy Batter King DeKal. 4 An Oregon bred Holstein cow that,
after winning Grand Champion at the 5 western shows, was exhibited on
the national show circuit and won Grand Champion at the National Dairy,
Show, Syracuse, N.! Y. She was bred by F. It. Beals, Tillamook, Oregon. .
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surplus that she wag brought into
competition with higher grade
butter from other states and came
to realize the necessity of putting
more quality Into her output. It
is not that our climatic conditions
are not ideal. It is not that our
soil will not produce an abundance
of the most desirable provender,
It, is ' not that we are lacking in
any ot the essentials to the mak
ing of the very best of butter," but
we s?mply have not got' down to
business and done it. We i have
been too independent and have not
practiced cooperation as we will
have to do' before" , Oregon ;; will
come; into her own in the dairy
Industry. These facta were brought
forcibly home to Oregon as. never
before during the National Cream
ery buttermarkers'. convention
which; .was, held in Portland ; last
znonti. :'r " A
In Competition with butter from
eastern states, Oregon's ; product
suffered ignominouely.- ; In ad
drcsf fng the buttermakerg at that
convention Dr. C. W. Larson,
chief,! bureau of dairying, .United
Ftatcs.. department- of, agriculture,
Washington, p. c., ?aid Wisconsin
and leave some profit on the in
vest men L . This condition has led
to a sort of cut-throat competition
that has in the past blocked every
attempt at cream grading.
A patron may be bringing in" a
very poor grade of cream but the
creameryman, feeling that he can
not afford to lose a single patron,
doesnot dare to demand improve
ment in quality for fear the Cus
tomer will quit him. He knows
his next door neighbor creamery
man, is in the - same boat as to
supply and is constantly bidding
for new customers. The patron
also knows this and stands ready
to tell Mr. Creameryman that any
time he does not like what he
is bringing him that he will take
It: to : Mr, -, who is anxious
to get his cream. Thus we have
down-hill cooperation, K v uf
Turning our attention to .the
dairyman to . see, what Is , wrong
with his end of the game, we find
too little" good ! farming-dairymen
buying a large part of their' feed
instead of gfowinjjmost, .if not
all of it, on the farm; too' many
star boarders among his cows; too
mapy scrub jrcs q service; and
fore, that; breed improvement Is
greatly needed. This can be done
in two waysby the use of good
registered sires and by herd test
ting and weeding out. With all
the good herds and high record
FASTER DM LI
THROATTADLETS
oAntiseptic
-' Prevent .
, Relieve
Koarseneu
Sore Throat
Coush '
1
Oil
C. SMm Um, 0. 8. Kr
zA M il
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Trmnstm 1,4, VenThinCPat'S)
"Won't tit Irt tkt foci.-
mnvrmrnt. aAju.trd to ftve po
or fuu fold
75
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How this I new service
helps you buy a finer watch
3'r LJ
c
When vou btrj a watch you buy years
of timekeeping service. If you divide
the price or a good watch by the num
ber of years you wear it, yoU will see
that you are getting that service cheaply.
The only thing, perhaps, that has kept
you from buying the watch you want
is the convenience of paying the full
price in one lump sum.
Now, to overcome; that inconven
ience, we offer pur new Divided Charge
Account Service on Gruen Watches,
' Now you need pay only part of the
purchase rc:upon delivery. The re
mainder comes due at the end of each
month following. And there is but one
price for 'a Orueri Watch, no matter
how you buy it.
Camudu 3
Salti whu gold
cue, tnfmved,
inlaid wttix
tnameL, 6j :
Hartman Bros.
j Jjwelcre and Hilvcrsmiths
State and1 Liberty, Salem, Oregon 1 v G
V
peoal
.111131
lie
0
ttalty
That Were Bought This Week at a Special Price
Together with the Choice of Qur Entire Stock of
High Quality Coats
Another Lot to Sell at
A Third troup Wai Sold at
All of these Coats are of the finer quality the best in our
stock and many of them represent values half again the
amount quoted ; - . . : ,
Furs of Beaver, Squirrel, Fox, Mink; and Baby Fox are
used lavishly and linings of crepe are plain and figured.
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Where; it always pays to, "ray As You Go