12-
MM
uurbeerj industry Growing, Says Prof. Hyslop-fldd and
Alsike Clover Important, Also the Vetches AU the
.Alfalfa We Grovv-ShoiMBe Grimm Alfalfa Good Seed
; . the Basis of Successful Agriculture
Editor Statesman: : '
; Good seed is the basis of a suc
cessful agriculture 'Public bene
factors are they Who produce and!
distribute good" seed. And by the
same token those who exploit fake
varieties arid seed low grade seed
hou!dcbe branded as public nuis
ance. " The success of jthe farmer
ana the food supply of the state
and the nation are based on good
Fortunate ; Indeed Is Oregon j in
having a. number of far sighted
seed men who are trying to pro
duce, buy and sell good seed
seeds of merft, " -w .
Caime for Complaint I
! ' Probably the Jj most K common
complaint coming to an' experi
ment station man la about seed
quality, and sometimes about seed
from firms who are careful. What
is the basis for complaint? . Gen
erally because the seed didn't
com up. Why didn't it? - Some
times dead seed; often planted too
deep, sometimes too early, some
times killed j by treatment. The
rrepoasiuiuiy aoes not always rest
with the seedsman, but his Is an
important problem in getting good
seed,'- -j" , ?i Hi;; V-.t--
, i .'I i. ' . .
; . i ne seea aeaier; is nanaicappea
by the public taste or fashion 'in
buying and his business success de
pends on'nis ability to sell seeds.
Some people say that "no seed-
man , should sell anything but
Grimm alfalfa, in -Oregon, and I
believe the agriculture of the state
would be far better off If that were
the case. But how would It affect
the seedsman's business? Just
like this. A lot of people would
read advertisements of cheap' al
falfa seed in Utah or Idaboi or
elsewhere and! send ! out for It. INot
all farmers bare found out the
merits of Grimm alfalfa. So the
trade must keep both Grimm and
some of the many kinds of com
mon. ' ;'!f):i! ;;;:,Vi ,j ' W; ; i ,
Bum Mixtures Costly
'; Take the case of seed for sow
ing on burned over land. Irre
parable damage has been done' in
may cases by sowing the average
"bum mixture." j It ! cdnsista of
CD cheat, rye grass and mesquite,
all cheap and often screenings
.from better grass and from grain,
(2) screenings from red and al
sike clover, usually full of buck
horn and sorrel and (3) a few
good grasses like orchard grass,
timothy, red top and blue grass In
just enough quantity that It can
be said they- are there. i h
Sow such a mixture and in 3 to
5 years everything is gone but the
buckhorn or ; plaintaln and when
that occupies the land, there is lit
tie chance to get any grasses start
ed without plowing or disking up
a seed bed. ; ' ; ;v; r :
JVhy don't people refuse to buy
such junk?, Because they do not
know seeds by looking at ? them
and because the ( prepared ,'. burn
mixtures . sell chesp. May seed
dealerr feel the need for a cheap
burn mixture to meet competition
of others selling similar ! material
; equally worthless, pirij j :
, So the dealer has his competl-
' tlve problems and he too Is de
I. pendent on the growers of seed
for what he can buy. (
j ' . Trade Finicky ' !;
Part of the trade is too exacting
In seed quality and another part
Is either Ignorant of careless. -For
Instance In the spring of , 1926V I
purchased five lots of Grimm al
falfa. Reed, two number two Tots
and three number one lots.1 All
were- tested and none contained
dodder or other objectionable per-
. ennial Weeds. The price range was
33c,. 42c, 48c and 55c, j the last
being the price on two lots of
Montana seed. They were sowed
' at about' 10 pounds an acre under
very good conditions. There
were Borne weeds in the soil.
There were slightly more weeds
that came up in the 33 and 43 cent
lost, but riot enough to hurt the
stand or to make it worth while
to pay 12 to 22 cents a pound or
11.92 to tz.tz cents an acre more
for seed. " :.: 1: : ,. ?-
I think that the expense of re
cleanlng has In some cases become
excessive although a high percen
tage f weed seeds as say one and
a halt to two per cent or more is
objectionable.. !-:! -liy i
The really Important thing in
the weed line in clover or grass or
alfalfa 1 not so much the-percent
of foxtail or Russian thistle or pig.
rilountam Ash Tree Seeds, Oregon Ced
Tree Seeds, Alanlhus (Tree oHetCTiii,
Cascarijr (ChitUm Tree)- Sweet Briar
Rcse Sccdsr Poppies, Pansies, C&nteiv
.btiry; Belh, Potato Seedsin.SeeoTFods.
For wholesale lots write Ella McMtmn, Satem, Oregwv
R.F.D8. Uetall orders for flowers, scedi filled by"
- v !'. .
E. E. FLAKE'S fiETlArD
STATE STrilET, tALE3i: S
TUG ORCGON STATCSIAIT; SALE1I; OREGON: -
ATiD DISTRIBUTE BOOD SEB)
weeds- -or1 other f anntfals, hut Is
dodder present, or knapweed.
quack grass, morning glory; death-
weed, Canada . thistle , and other
perennials? I would rather have
1 per cent of lambsquarter of pig
weed or Russian, thistle than to
have only a trace, of dodder in
the alfalfa.
Seed Grade Needed
Seed grades enforced ! would
probably keep a lot of. low grade
seeds off the market, as few farm
ers would buy-number S or 4 or 5
or cull seed. If it were, so labeled. '
The growing of good seed is an
industry worthy of the best farm
ers In-the state. Many men have
worked on varieties and have done
much for the agriculture of .Ore
gon through growing and keeping
pure the best varieties, tested and
introduced by the experiment sta
tion. Others have improved and
developed their own, and some of
them have been very useful. Most
of this work has been in grain arid
potatoes, and the market for them
is generally local.
Seed Industry- Growing
The small seed Industry is grow
ing. We produce clover for seed
depending largely on weather con
ditions. . Some good years it is a
big item In our annual return and
In the dry years It isn't so great.
Both red and alsike clover are im
portant; the latter on . the wet
soil . Is probably the surest crop.
The red clover Is more generally
used on. the better lands. Irriga
tion to assure a second cutting of
fers much promise. ..
Hairy vetch is In good demand
and one or two thousand acres are
probably being grown. It finds
an eastern carket. Common and
Hungarian vetch are largely con
fined to the local use. ? Purple
vetch -is a trifle tender and the
market is only moderately strong.
The rye grasses, English, Italian
and western, are doing very well,
ana me eastern demand has been
good. , These grasses on wet land
have made desirable yields and are
easy to handle. i x
Other grasses offer promise like
orchard and fall oat grass but are
not so generally produced'. ;
Folks who work out a good
strain of grass or clover or vetch
or grain, etc., are the ones who
supply the best seed. When we
have more of them growing better
seeds of the standard varieties we
will have a better agriculture and
a demand for our seeds, j
G. R. HYSLOP.
Corvallis, Or., Aug. 8, 1925.
(Prof.Hyslop is agronomist of
the Oregon experiment station, and
the highest authority we have in
his field. Ed.)
SEED BUSINESS OF j
"PIN MONEY" CLASS
1 (Continnea from pact 7)
gold medal for introducing the
farmer to the idea of advertising
for, having- been introduced
through that medium it is riot such
a plunge to try a daily paner. all
of which swings me around to
farm women's eternal search for
"pin" money. I pass by the some
what, to me, pathetic appeal to
make rnes. hair Rwltrhea" tmm
your "iwn combings; and secrets
for ridding the house of moths.
and' go on to the fast growing list
of those whorhave. plants, bulbs
and seeds to sell.-
Truly out section of - Oregon
even to the most remote farm
house, has awakened-to the "ntn
money rlglft at our' door, only; it
will not pay to stay in the "nin
money ! class very long, for if it
isn't a potential- gold mine I am
willing to hand over my job' as i
prophet. f
In the May number of Miller!
I find 1 the following persons en
gaged in growing things for sale
Mrs. O. E. Maxfield. Alrlie. Ore
gon; Delmer Seikern,' Hnlt,- Ore
gon' Loretta Nelderhauser, Rt. 2
Rlckreall; Jay Morris, Rt. 3, Sa
lem; Alice Reetz, Amity, Oregon;
Mrs. George R. Titus, Lebanon:
Mrs. N. D. Lorori. Gervais. Rt 2
That I think a pretty good showing
and while these" good people no
doubt are getting results commen
surate with1 the effort thev are
putting forth, it is only reasonable
;tnat i greater and quicker resuks
would be achieved throarh a dailv
Paper, in which-their adTertise-
' f ?! 1
ment could appear the day after It
was received, since plants, bulbs
and seeds must be delivered la sea-1
son to be of use. i . . ?
With- a ! single exception, all of
tbeseLgrowers ,have ,their wares
priced, attractviely low, and I wish
heartily for their own sakes, that
they .would consider placing an ad
vertisement with 4 daily paper,
serving the city as well as the
country r for country people I are
not heavyfbuyera of seeds, shrubs
and bulbs, for you see we still hold
to the old fashion of exchanging
roots and stuff to a much greater
extent than they do in town, where
their limited ground prevents any
great surplus from accumulating
at any time. '
Now I am : not authorized to
state that Mrs. Franklin B.
Matthes of Route 9, Salem, or
Mrs. Ada Byrne Powers (there1 be
ing two Mrs. William Powers in
our neighborhood, I call - one
Ada') have dahlias for sale, but
I have been on the stage when it
passed' their respective homes on
the Pacific highway, and I have
heard the women" passengers just
fairly scream with delight at sight
of so much beauty. We cannot all
raise dahlias. ! It Is a gift from
God, and; as such should be made
the most 'of by growing them for
sale, especially it interested - In
pin'V money.; Another woman.
with a' special gift, or expertness In
raising flowers. Is Mrs. IE. , A.
Matthes, of Claxtar, whose sweet
peas, marigolds, and zinnias have
been the delight and despair of
less talented- persons.' But, like
many-' others, she does not raise
seeds because she would not know
what to do with them. Mrs. Arch
Claggett of Route S, Salem; Is al
ready pretty well established as a
grower of sweet peas and'whlb? as
yet her' floral ' business is in the
cut' flower stage, I note that she is
beginning, to j advertise a little.
which-is. always a favorable sign.
But that somebody within this
sun-kissed land of ours is really
growing feeed on .contract we may
guess from the three acres of pan
sles near Oregon City, and the
poppy acreage around Hubbard.
It is presumed that the Portland
Seed company; the Rutledge Seed
and Floral company, or J. J. But
ter of the same city are establish
ing seed growing centers in this
section, so that it is quite possible
that ! California's seed gardens.
something oyer two thousand
acres in extent, exclusive of sweet
peas, may not forever be the bell
shep In the business.
OREGON'S WEALTH
! PRODUCER TO COME
: ' tCtntttyxnmA frw
stack up Into hundreds of acres,
(the-Mountain View Floral com-
panr have 133 acres), while the
location of a water lily farm on an
Island not many miles below Sa
lem in the Willamette, Is perhaps
the only one in the world.
To these nurseries, if we add
our greenhouses now growing a
considerable acreage out of doors.
Breithaupt, Hector Adams. Mar-
uny. Plant, Bennett and others.
we conclude that the combined In
dustry of shrub, seed, and tree
growing is well on its feet. but.
comprehensive as the survey might
seem, it is still a mere scratching
of the surface of what the writer
believes is destined to be Oregon's
greatest wealth producer In years
to come. i1
ASTER FARM GIVES
Seven. Acres in Asters a Mile
'West of McMinnvilie Makes
. a Wonderful Show
By ELLA McMITNN
;. - About now the most eye-weary
globe trotter may see a sleht that
will bring him a thrill If he visits
the Herbert & Flelshauer farm, a
mile west of McMinnvilie. There
are a little more than seven acres,
add it is primarily a seed farm, al
though many cut flowers are sold
pnd the grounds and shipped. to
distant places. Twenty years ago
the enterprise that has now reach
ed such magnificent proportions.
was an experimental bed of flow
ers: ; Now, while we at home-know
next to nothing about' it thev shin
seed to Africa, New Zealand. Hono-
mm, sweeten, Canada and the
-states" of course.- They have a
paten f f "watering: system but in
addition do an immense amount of
cultivation, bringing the flower to
UsnTghe8t state of perfection- be
fore it "goes to - seed." , 4 About
twenty persons are employed dur
ing the growing season and seed
harvest time. For wholesale lota
they receive 65 per pound for
seed) which means a great bulk of
it, as the seed 14 small and light,
but at retail prices they receive
more. 100.000 cut floorers are
shipped out every year and see to
the amount of $5,000. ,
STVIXDLE IS CIIATCGEI
SEATTLE, Aug". 1 0. -Report of
the swindling of James Asbton,
a director: In'- Manchester, Eng
land, of the Calico Printing asso
elation was on file here today in
tho investigation of the Canadian
Pacific railway. He lost JlSkOOO
by'enteting a scheme to-beat" boolf
markers- in horse races in. Vn-
couTer. ' ; ; - ' -
1 . -
MIfflllI31-0F,TIIES'.ffi
DlsmiCf S- DEitOPtt FSiE
: iiiiEioFoiFifiiii
0urf Growers Supply the Whole Country With Kale Seed
i This-Is the Only District :of the United States-Where
Vetch Seeri Js Grown Successfully The Big Eastern
and Coast Seed Houses Are Increasing Their Contracts
With Our Growers ; I
, The Salem district is coming in
to its own aj a seed country, and
Salem is destined to become the
great seed center of the United
States at an earlier time than even
optimists had hoped for
j And the progress In this line
right now Is very encouraging.
Eastern and coast seed houses
are making more and larger con
tracts with our growers. One big
eastern house has contracted with
a Salem district grower for 40
acres of garden seeds. Including
15 acres of lettuce.
Our growers supply the whole
country with kale seed; sending
Out about a car load a year of this
seed. As it takes only two ounces
to plant an acre, it will be seen
that we.sup'ply seed for an Im
mense acreage.
Some High Lights
; Here are some of the high lights
if the Salem; district as a seed
center, , touched upon . by Harley
O. "White, of the well known firin
of D. A. White & Sons, seedsmen
and feedmen, Salem, In an inter
view of the Slogan editor. This
firm buys great quantities of
seeds. In a wholesale way, ship
ping. In car and smaller lots long
distances, and Harley O. White
Is thoroughly posted in all matters
In the seed world;
t Alsike clover seed will this year
bring to our farmers about $50,
600; about the same as last year.
! Western Oregon is the only .sec
tion of the United States where
t has proven profitable to grow
Vetches for seed. We have a short
crop this year, but if will bring
about 150,000. The growers will
get $90 a ton for their seed.
California w,anta all the certi
fied potato seed our farmers can
send; and there is a demand for
Oregon grown potatoes for seed
in Idaho and Washington. Right
jlose to Salem, there are at least
500 acres devoted to growing cer
tified potato seed this year
against probably 25 "acreo last
year. The Oregon Agricultural
college is helping in this. The
seed is being generally grown un
der contract.
j Our dry summer and fall weath
er makes this a favored section
for producing many varieties of
garden and flower, seed.
Said Mr. White: i !
i "Oregon, has been known usu
ally as a grower of field seeds,
especially of clover, alfaira and
vetches, but grow to perfection
many kinds of seeds.
"I might mention that in vari
ous parts of the Salem district
there: have been grown and are
now grown many varieties of gar
den seeds, especially cabbage,
kale, carrots, turnips, rutabagas,
cauliflower., broccoli, radishes,
peas, Jteans, etc.
) "The varieties grown in the
valley are the medium , red and
alsike clover, with some White
Dutch clover. The white Dutch
clover needs clean land, and the
growing of this seed Is Increasing
here.
"The crop or clover seed has
usually brought annually hun
dreds, of thousands of dollars to
tho, farmers, not to speak of the
larger crops made possible by the
growing or clover which has prov
en one of the best fertilizers and
land builders that It is possible to
obtain.
Morn Next Year
"On account of . the extreme
high prices of grain, clover was
somewhat neglected during the
war; but the up to date farmer
realizes that he must grow clover
if he is going to keep his land In
condition to pay him: The red
clover seed crop. is short this year,
as it was last year. It did not
bring much more than $100,000
to our district last year, selling at
15 cents a pound. It will. likely
bring as much or more this year
:lhe price, will be around 25
cents a pound this year.
Salem district farmers were
rather hard hi last year and this
year, on their red clover: . They
are not discouraged, however, and
nave put out a large new acreare
this year,1 which will bring seed
next year,. The red .clover, seed
brought In about $400,000 to th-
Salem district In 1923; and it
hould become a million? dollar
annua) crop. '
' Kxclnsive Tield
"Western Oregon Is the only
plaee in the United States where
It has proven, profitable to grow
vetches for seed; and the seed has
been- shipped all over this country
from Oregon : in the last few
years. -
"California has been depending
entirely -on. our-crop. for. her sup-,
ply,- and a number, ot-cars-: have
gone to New York, Maryland,,Tex
as and various points to supply
the needs of these localities.-
' ?Vetch has the same (fertilizer
values to land as clover, and. as
a cover crop is not excelled by. any
other green crop.
v f'A. new,vetth, originating In
EAreire. cilled the Pnrpie- vetch,
La being used, in California, most-
Jy far fertilizing; purjoses", and
15GI0
Willamette valley farmers are
growing the seed for the Califor
nia people, i
; "Sweet clover j Is alao being
grown here, successfully, but none
so far for seed.
f'The different (coast counties
have soil and climate suitable for
growing the various root crops,
like carrots, turnip, rutabagea,
:'nd radishes and produce a large
crop of the v-ry finest eed. and
will in a short time supply large
amounts as soon as the business
fa gone Into In a Commercial way
"Our section now is growing
cabbage and cauliflower seed; and
experts pronounce, it the best sec
tion of the' Ui ited 'States for theee
vegetables. j
Pay to Sciect Seed
"Many growers ,are now realiz
ing that It pays to select their
grain and corn and are paying
especial attention! to Improving
the seed stock. ;
It has been usually the cus
tom to sow any ! old grain that
they might have' and never even
cle:n out the weeds, but they ffad
that It pays them to pclect the
finest grain that they can obtain
In their fielda ad have 'it well
graded and cleaned. ;
"Prom a number of tests thit
I have known of, the farmers do-
lag so, have been able- to increase
their yields' of grain, from 10 to
20 bushels per acre! over their
nleghbors who have kept on sow
ir.g grain without selection and
without grading and cleaning it.
Good, Coraj Country '
" "Corn has shown more increase
In the last eight years than any
other crop, and it has largely de
pended upon the proper selection
of the seed stockJ The various
corn shows have done 'much to in
terest the farmers in the proper
varieties of corn suitable for the
Various parts of the state, and
now Oregon is producing a large
amount of very fine corn. In fact.
Marion county is first In the Pa
clfic northwest iff the .production
of corn; and Polk county. Is a close
second. Marlon and Polk will in
crease their lead In the future.
' "Seven years ago, when ttie
eastern corn crop was so badly
damaged by rain and frost, east
ern dealers bought all the avail
able seed' corn In Oregon and
shipped it east. This corn produc
ed fine crops. !
"On account of the care taken
with our seed corn by. the "grow
trs. "nearly all of our corn will
grade No. 2. while the average in
the east is No. 3 or 4 quality.
"With the climatic conditions
we have In the various parts of
the. state, there is no- reason- why
Oregon should not produce a large
amount of farm, field and garden
seeds for sections of the United
States where It is Impossible to
grow seeds successfully."
Mr. White's firm has develop
ed a new seed corn, the "Pride of
Oregon." which U attracting wide
and favorable attention. It la a
yellow field corn.!
Swl Oats Coin; Par
Oregon Is shipping seed oats
long distances. It Is well known
r.ow. that the Salem district pro
duces oats running heavier to the
bdshel than can j be grown else
where in this . country, and the
breakfast food i concerns are tak
ing, large quantities of our oats.
In seed oats, we are shipping as
far as Pennsylvania and Mary
land, and some of our new 'varie
ties are going to many states and
countries especially the Shade-
land oats, the White Banner vari
ety, the Swedish Selected, the
Gray Winter and the Clydesdale
These were all selected, and bred
up here In the Salem district.
Grow All Kale Seed
J As said above, we. grow here in
the Salem district all the kale seed
for the whole of the United States.
. We are now growing most of
our beans for seed purposes.
-Nearly all our peas for seed are
Lome grown. "
" We are. growing our sweet corn
teed almost exclusively.
The same may be said of our
crlmon clover seed; nd we- arei
getting into jthe growing exten
sively , "of the Hungarian vetch
seed, which la ; attracting, such
wide and favorable attention all
over the Willamette- valley..
J " For Whole Coast "
We grow in he Salem district
practically all of the onion , sets
for the whole of the country west
of the Rockies. The Lake' Labish
district alone will - have at least
5e i cars', of onion sets this year,
and th whole Salem district will
ship far above 2,000.000- pounds.
Tnty bring from-three and a half
cents a pound, up,' according; to
the month: sold. 1 . 1 ;
Our growers are going Into
Grimm alfalfa extensively. The
coming. year will see a great boom
in this. Ere long, the Salem dis
trict will be able to supply im
mense Quantities' of this" -seed,
' The fact:l, the! seed business
fof tne;Salemli9trijt Is on tEe up
grade, decidedly, '
THURSDAY MQRNING; AUGUST 13, 1025. '
i i - - i ., - -
cms
Brln Id which- meat Is curlnr
must be watched careily. If It be
come aoup; slimy or- ropy, removw
me meat from. the brine and scrub
each piece thoroughly. Boll, skim
and 'cool the 'brine or make new
urine. Slerlza the container with
boiling water.'- Brine should- aM
ways be strong1 enough' to float a
rresn egg.
Barley is recommended as a
good crop to grow this year to sup
ply early feed foe hogs. It should
be sown before the 20th-of April.
Write to South Dakota State col
lege for Circular 220 telling of
the best varieties and the beat way
to handle the crop: -
: Trees and shrubs should be
transplanted as soon as the ground
thaws out. Soli should be packed
firmly around the roots and the
top two inches left loose to serve
as a dust mulch;
If possible, keep the ewe and
lamb In a separate pen for a few
days after lambing.- If each ewe
cannot be kept In a separate pen,
only those having lambs at about
the- same time should be kept to
gether. -
c u .
. For information on hog pastures
for South Dakota, call on your
county agent for a free copy of ex
tensln circular 223 or write.-to
South Dakota State college.
Prepare the garden soil as early
as possible. Plow or spade deeply
and be sure that conditions are
right so that-thd soil will- not be
lumpy. A safe rule to follow is to
work "when the soli is dry enough
to crumble." '
s
There Are More Than 5000
Varieties; History of This
: Very Popular Mower
The dahlia is a native of the
highlands' of Mexico, north of
Mexico City. In its native, home
it was small and single, with some
variety of colors. In 1804, dah
lias were successfully introduced
Into Europe. There the ball or
show type was developed and per
fected. The quilled -snowball" or
show type was very popular for a
time, but the. lack of variation of
type soon caused a. decrease of
popularity.
In 1879, the first eactus dahlia,
"Countess of Lonsdale," was in
troduced. The new type had long,
narrow, tightly rolled petals, re
sembling the chrysanthemum.
With the introduction of this rad
ically new type, the dahlia again
became popular.
The decorative type, with large
flowers of broad petals full to the
center followed. Between these
two types we- have the hybrid-cactus
or decorative . cactus type:
large decorative type of flowers
having fluted petals.
The new peony type is a semi
double flower with large, broad
petals, and many small twisted or
curled petals artistically formed
around an open yellow, or cluster
ed center.
There rae also other types: the
singles, the miniature form of
show called pom-pon, and other
novelties.
Since the cactus form was Intro
duced, the popularity of the dahlia
has: become world wide.. The great
range of color and form makes it
the most popular" of fall blooming
flowers. So great is its prestige
In the flower world that there are
pattonal dahlia, societies both here
and. in Kurlpe. So varied. In form
Is it. that the American . Dahlia
Society has officially grown and
fecognlaed more than 6000 dis
tinct named varieties. " -J
For Amateur Grower
j For any but the commercial
grower or fancier, the most prac
tical method of growing dahlias is
from the bulbs. New varieties are
grown from seed, but tbe seed do
not come true and1 most of the
teedlings are small and single.
Crowing from seed is usually most
unsatisfactory tor the amateur. An
open or half-shaded location, away
from trees. Is an Ideal place for
the dahlia garden. Sandy loam,
worked deep and pulverized, well.
Is the best soil." Plant bulbs froTh
April 20th to May 20th. Do not
plant too soon. Early planting
causes the plants, to mature dur
ing the- hot summer months-whan
the blooms can 'not be at -their
best. Balbs should be planted C
to. 8 inch e a. deep, and placed. hori
xontally with the sprout or eye
up. ' If the" sprout - is too long" to
cover, cut.it off above the first
Joint. When planting in. heavy
clay soil, better results can be ob
tained by placing tbe bulb, upon a
gallon-of damp sand. Place about
three Inches of, dirt 'over the bulb
and fill In with fine, moist dirt as
the plant grows.
Cultivate thoroughly-once a
week: deep at first and shallow
after they starr to bloom. Ifpos
slble, soak thoroughly with water
once or twice a week after, they
start to bloom, but break the crust
before the ground Is dry. A good
soaking once or. twice a week Is
much" better than some water
every night. However, an-evening
shower bath for. the foliage re
fresher lb and keeps down the la
sects1. If you! have a shortage' of
water,, a 'top covering of rotted
straw, or nanure'and straw, hold
s
OME FACTS
moisture so that lets water ls re
quired .
By removing the side buds,
larger flowers can be obtained. If
buds appear early In the- summer
they ahould.be. removd and evea
the plants cut back. The dahlia Is
a fall blooming flower and for best
results should not be allowed to
bloom during the hottest part of
the summer. All blooms, with as
much of a stem as possible, should
be i cut off as soon as the edges
commence to wither" and nrrn
brown. A strong stake should be
firmly driven In the ground and
plaat loosely tied to keep it from
blowing over. If more than one
sprout comes from a bulb, remove
the weaker, but do not allow more
than one stock to each bulb. Af
ter: the plant has three sets of
leaves, the top may be pinched out
to make the bush more dense. If
a 'plant becomes too bush ami
tender, part of the branches should
be removed.
! I
Handling the Bolba
i After frost has killed the tops
(if, the tops have not been killed
by! the last of October It may be
safer to dig than risk the ground
getting too wet) the bulbs should
be ; dog; and, after drying a few
hours, stored in a frost-proof cel
lar. The stalk, should be cut off
two inches above the bulb. Turn
the clumps stalk down for a day
or itwo if the stalk is filled with
water. If the bulbs wither from
being too dry, bury In sand when
thoroughly dry and inspect for rot
and mould once a month. Any
eut or rotten parts should be cut
off and the wound rnbbed with sul
phur. Be Tery careful In remov
ing the. clumps from the ground,
for; the sprout is on the stalk
Where it loins the bnlt and If th
neck of the bulb is 'broken or
j If dahlias are planted on dry
ground they may be left over win
ter. One successful method is to
cut the stalk two Inches above the
ground, i Over this many thick
nesses of newspaper are placed and
dirt heaped on the paper. The
ground must be well drained
where the bulbs are left over win
tejj for If the water level reaches
the bulbs ther wlil rot. If th
stalk Is not cut off, dirt, should
be placed around It to prevent
loosening In the ground.
I Before the clumps are divided
in tbe spring, the bulbs should be
placed in a place warm enough to
encourage growth, and . slightly
moistened to start the sprouts ua
til they can be located. Cut the
clumps apart so that a piece of
stalk with an eye is attached to
each bulb. A small bulb, if prop
erly developed. Is as good If not
better than a large one.
j ;Ve are always glad to furnish
any Information possible on the
care of the dahlia. Dahlia grow
Ingj Is thoroughly discussed Cb?
Mrs. Charles II. Stout in her book.
'The Amateur's Book of the Dah
lia." This book may be borrowed
from either the Salem public or
Oregon state libraries. See also
Farmer's Bulletin No.-1370, -Dahlias
for the Home." U, S. depart
ment of agriculture.
! V: E. GIN,
j of Gain's Dahlia Farm.
Jefferson. Or., Aug. 10, 1925.
!
ing
the
Rectify
After the, harvest is over, most farmers can
look back and see how more profits could have
been , made by better equipment, more land,
better stock and other things which are needed
for the general welfare' of the farm. ,
i When these things are fresh in mind is the
time to lay plans for next year. And lack of
finances .need not. prevent you from carrying
them outr for Hawkins & Roberts are always
glad to loarr money to farmers who can prof it
ably.use it, in promoting their prosperity.
' T
"1 "" ' " " " ' ' : t' '
1 When money Is needed, think of
j ' Hawkins & Roberts
Mojito Ace Loans
Dbos anp K'
- I Til -:1 -v.'.y.M U
eeheecsi ' :
Ki;;gilm;g
Pool Paying .10c on Black
! Raspberries and "9c oh
1 Strawberries to Growers
i All, theSalent canneries are
running on evergreen blackberries;
now. ! They are coming in strong,
er each day. Despite the long dry
eason. cutting the crop In soma
localities, the indications are that
there will he a considerable sup
ply. The better price that, Mt
year will help some la bringing
out tonnage.
i r-- "
, orr cannery reported a
good supply of evergreens yester- 1
day. with .Indications- that thrr ?
f"l get all they want,
! The Hunt cannery is recelvtag
evergreens and pears; some of tbe
latter local, the rest from southern
Oregon. They will begin Jheir '
long run on pears on Monday next.
The Oregon Packing company Is
busy, running two canneries.
They began on pears Tuesday and
are running on these and black- x
berries at the Twelfth street can
hear and on cucumbers and ;
beans at the big new cannery .
cross the tracks from tin South
ern Pacific passenger depot. The ;
supply or cucumbers for salting
and, picking is Increasing daily; '
the ..same, as to the beans. The
bean supply is about 10 tons a
day now, and will Increase and go i
On for four or five weeks. They
have now 100 women working
ever th "beans.- v s.
; Most of the canneries are paying
Cc for evergreen blackberries here:
tod the'markef price in the vari
ous localities where they are get
ting, their supplies.
. To .More Pool fWd
The Statesman of yesterday,
contained the information that the
Producers' Canning racking
company had sent out checks clos
ing their loganberry pool, at Si
cents a pound.
They were yesterday closing
their black raspberry pool at lOe
a pound, and their strawberry
pool' at' 9c. " Those" are certainly
showings that are creditable.
This cannery u paying Si
cents for evergreen blackberries.
and getting a lot of them. They
will buy all they can ger. up to
capacity. This is the only berry
they buy to any extent, depending
on .their stockholders for practi
cally all their other supplies tl
fruits.
FIRE CArSES DEATH
HERIOT BAY. B. C. Aus. 10.
(Canadian Press). A man named
Thomas lost his life and his home
at Gowland harbor, on Vancouver
island, near here yesterday, by a
forest fire. He fell over a cliff
while trying to remove goods f romj
the house. .
-V-
t
Mistakes, of
If arm
X 2ad floor. Onto Dcoa
SALfW.
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