THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 2, 1925
7
INDUSTRIAL
PRODUCE
ITY
.a i i
yaii!!inv
1
THE OREGON STATESMAN," SALE1I, OREGON
OREGON
. "V - - '
S OUAL
PRO1
DUCTS c
ft'
f
'MS
t This cat Is used by courtesy of the
Associated. Industries, of Oregon.
Dates of Slogans in Daily Statesman
(In Twlce-a-Week Statesman Following Day)
' (With a Tew possible changes)
Loganberries, October 2,
Prunes, October 9j -Dairying;
October 16 !
Flax, October 23 : I
Filberts, October $0 !
"Walnuts, November 6 '
Strawberries,- November IS
Apples, November! 20
Raspberries, November 27
Mint, December 4i M v
Great Cows, Etc., December 11
Blackberries, December 18
Cherries, December 25
Pears, January 1,11925
Gooseberries, January 8 -Corn,
January 151
Celery, January 22
Spinach, Etc., January 29
Onions, Etc., February 5
Potatoes, Etc., February 12
Bees, February 19
Poultry and Pet Stock, Feb. 26
City Beautiful, etc., March 5.
Beans, Etc., March 12 ,
Pared Highways, March 19 !
Head Lettuce, March 26
Silos, Etc., April 2 ,
Legumes, April 9 ,
.Asparagus, Etc., April 16, i
Grapes, Etc.. April 23
Drug Garden, April 30
riSILftBE POSSIBILITIES
NjOnEGONWELL OUTLIIUED B AW EXPERT
Silo Construction by Groups of Farmers Purchasing Jointly
tre Proper Equipment for Puttng Up Silage Is the Real
. Solution, Thinks the Josephine j County Agricultural
Agent j
I :' 4
(By II. B
HOW
rELL,' County Agri-
cultural
Agent for -Josephine
County) ." J .-i
For the southern Oregon dairy
farmer the use of silage in the cow
ration has an additional advantage
to that of supplying succulence, Ja
that it really brings about a better
balanced ration when fed with al
falfa than when alfalfa is led
alone. Dairy farmer in many'sec
tlons are not bothered, with feeds
that are out of balance on the pro
tein side, but, to the . man who
feeds alfalfa 'hay exclusively, corn
silage, where it can bei grown to
advantage, offers a real possibility
. - ui uaiauiug lauuup niiu .uisuic
yyf grown feed. ' 1
. It is this fundamental Idea that
Sis bringing the silo idtea bo forcibly
to the attention of the dairy farni-
ers of Jackson and Josephine
f j counties. With this! combination
of feeds . they have roughages
that are the best obtainable, and
except for the high producing
cows have feeds thatineed no sup
plementing. - ; ;
Silo development fin southern
Oregon, like many other progres
sive Steps, has usually been the re
sult of periods of enthusiasm, and
as a consequence many; farmers
built silos who, laterj did not use
them. This was brought about 'by
a number of causes, chief of which
; might be mentioned aj general lack
of understanding of the require
ments for successful jcorn produc
tion misunderstanding of the pos
sibilities and advantages of feed
ing silage, and the fatt that many
of , the silos constructed were too
'small (some of them being only 25
to . 35 tons capacity Probably
the chief drawback wap the general
lack of equipment for 'handling the
milage crop. j
Many farmers fed silage to beef
Yattle. Partly because their oper-
i atlons were carried oh In a small
u way and especially as a result of
me poor economic conauion m iue
eer came industry generally in
the southern Oregon district, they
became discouraged j and many
ceased to fill their silos.
The principal drawback from the
corn production standpoint has
been lack of Irrigation water.
Without irrigation niost farmers
have found that yields were not
high enough to make silage an at
tractive crop. However, with the
completion In recent. rears of two
new irrigation projfects around
Grants Pass and others in the
Medford and Ashland ections, this
water shortage has ceased to be a
problem, f J j -"' "
Consistent publlcityjon the value
of silage for dairy coWs by exten
sion agents, cow testers, creamer
ip.s, banks and progresislve farmers
w slowly but surely having Its ef
fcpt. Many dairymen! are Just be-
rthat rrnwa alfalfa, corn silaffc. and
irrigated pastures is admirably sit
uated far the dairy business.,
; The Warm 'summer weather of
southern Oregon coupled with a
good supply of Irrigation water
makes corn production an easy
matter and .yields of J. 2 to 1 5 .tons
per acre can be secured. This ton
nage will return to the farmer a
fair Income from bis land and pro
yide him 1th succulence and a
3 -J
Sugar Beets, Sorghum, Etc.,
May 7
Water Powers, May 14
Irrigation, May 21
Mining, May 28
Land, Irrigation. Etc., June 4
Floriculture, June 11
Hops, Cabbage, Etc., June 18.
Wholesaling and Jobbing,
June 25 '
Cucumbers, Etc., July 2
Hogs, July 9
Goats. July 16. '
Schools, Etc., July 23
Sheep, July 30
National Advertising, August 6
Seeds. Etc., August 13
Livestock, August 20
Grain and Grain Products, Au
gust 27
Manufacturing, September 3.
Automotive Industries, Septem
ber 10
Woodworking. Etc.. Sept. 17 'V
Paper Mills, Etc., Sept.. 24.
:: 1 i n I;! !- .! '-'
(Back copies of the Thursday
editions i of The Daily Oregon
Statesman are on hand. They
are for sale at 10 cents each,
mailed to any address. Current
copies 5c.) -
FOB SDUTHERN
home grown, ration - balancing
feed! ; j
Silo construction by groups of
farmers so that they can purchase
jointly the proper equipment for
putting up silage is the Teal solu
tion jof this drawback, to silo build
ing. i Inj'j Josephine county one
group of sis farmers in the Illinois
valley Is contemplating the con
struction' of silos this year. These
.progressive dairymen are serious
ly considering home made silos,
becaiise they live in a conntry of
goodj timber and sawmills and can
not feee the wisdom of hauling
lumber 4Qj miles from the railroad
Into jtheir valley. 1 j i
The tendency in construction
seems to be toward larger silos of
capacities of 70 to 150 tons for
the iargeir herds. For the smaller
herds other succulent feeds such
as kale and root crops are receiv-i
lngi.more attention than silos.
The Josephine county agricul
tural economic conference held at
Grants Pass about a year ago
called attention to the fact that
this 1 county is annually short
about 9000 tons of succulent dairy
,feed.$ It was recommended that
this iclas3 of feed should be In
creased to provide 30 pounds per
dairy cow- when not on pasture.
Corni silage for fall and winter
feeding and oats and vetch or
vetcb. and barley for spring and
summer were suggested. Increas-
?d plantings of kale and root crops
or small herds were advocated.
Minnesota No. 13 was named as
the best variety of corn for ensil
ing on most farms. '
Silage for Steer Feeding j
.j and Sheep Fattening
Editor Statesman:
Silage, I long recognized ; as an
essential in the winter ration of
the best managed dairy herds, has
a place in the range cattle indus
try also. In fattening steers and
wintering stock cattle and hand
ling range sheep, silage has proved
Its worth? .
Use of silage in connection with
feeding operations In the steer fat
tening lot, however, has been
somewhat at a standstill in Oregon
during the past two years due to
the general belief that the cost of
a ton of silage was too high as
compared with the cost of alfalfa
hay. jj Cost of producing a steer in
different localities varies with so
many; factors that not many fig
ures are available on the actual
and detailed production costs. Fig
ures on actual results from feed
ing silage are available, howeter,
and indicate that it has a place in
the ration for fattening steers,; es
pecially such silage as is made
from 'corn or peas with bald barley-.
X i : m
: At the Union branch experiment
station alfalfa hay alone (which
has been the standard ateer fat
tening ration ,Jn eastern Oregon
for several years) - -was tried in
tests in comparison with a ration
of alfalfa,, bay and ...23.7 ..pounds
silage dally. . Results showed that
the hay and silage ration put on
64 per cent more gain than the hay
(Cvntlnne4 ca ftg 9
OREGON QUALITY products are establishing themselves in world markets; they make
our payrolls! they build our cities; they attract new capital and new people; they .provide a
market for the products. of our farms. Oregon farms, produce a wider variety of profitable
crops of "Oregon Quality" food than any other spot on earth.
SIUGEC
SO
c s
Corn Silage Is the Best of. All, But Many Growths Have
Been Used tor Silagej Including Weeds On the Average
Dairy Farm in Either Eastern or Western Oregon, Silage
t is Necessary to Get the Most Profit Out of Cows
Editor Statesman: f
j :Silage crops are to provide suc
culent feed at seasons of the year
when the best succulent f eed j green
grass, is not available, s Silage may
be considered an artificial sub
stitute for jgrass. As badly I as
such a substitute is needed in the
winter arid pn the dry summers,
a silo ig only justified under ycer
tain conditions. It is not justified
on a sheep or cattle ranch where
alfalfa nay can be produced abun
dantly and cheaply. Neither is it
a paying investment on farms with
only four or five cows. Another
placjei where H its ; advisability is
doubtful is 'on some of the western
Oregon dairy farms which are so
smai that large quantities of food
must be. bought. . In the latter
case1. It is. probable that root
crops are more profitable. This
Is j particularly true: in the j coast
counties. ' ; -; j .
- But on the average dairy farm
of either eastern or western Ore
gon, silage la necessary to get the
most profit; out of the cows, j And
people with silos are interested in
whaf crops can be used to fill
them. , ; . ' I- - ! j . j
Com Silage j,
l sSo better crop than corn has
ever been found . for silage. In
fact, there is no crop quite so
good. f Corn seems to be made
exactly lot. this- purpose.ii.There
are Varieties to fit nearly all sec
tions! of the state. Minnesota 13
leads In - most parts of the state,
but along the Columbia and Snake
rivers later maturing varieties
can be used. In Malheur county
Golden Jewel is a favorite. (This
is a splendid variety for those
sections having a long, hot grow
ing season, but it matures too late
for, use in the Willamette valley.
; In western Oregon Golden Glow
is also widely used, especially . In
Washington county. This is a lit
tle later maturing than Minnesota
13 and is liked better by 'some
dairymen. ! ; !'
In) some parts of the valley it
has been the custom for people
to ;go to the nearest feed store
and buy eastern !sed corn for the
silage crop. This often results in
disappointment, due to poor ger
mination that is followed by poor
stands and low yields. If stands
are secured from thi3 middle west
seed the yields are usually much
higher ; than with Minnesota 13.
However, this additional yield is
largely water and, the- grower ; Is
put to the expense of handling
several tons more of water per
acre than is the case with corn
grown from local seed. . ; .
' The, only place where It; may
pay to use this late maturing
corn is on - very r high priced j land
near cities, as in the suburbs of
Portland.' Here the farmer is
more concerned with getting ton
nage per acre! than with quality,
and he can afford to use late mat
uring! corn if by so doing he can
double his yield. On the average
modern
I I-
Dry Cleaningl
Dyeing and
Pressing
o
2188
ECOi'J. B
1
GIALIST OFTHE . A: G.
farm it will' pay to stick to early
maturing varieties and local seed
of these should be used.
Oots and Vetch forSummer Silage
Many farmers like to feed sil
age in July I and August when
their pastures have 'dried 'up. -For
this purpose, fall sown oats and
retch make the best combination.
Thy are ready to cut just about
the time-they will be needed and
they make a very good quality of
silage and give.good yields.
Probably many more dairymen
would be ahead if this practice
of feeding summer silage were
more extensive. Iabor is usually
easy to get at that time of the
.year and since one already has
his investment in the silo and the
equipment. It would be good busi
ness In many cases to use that
investment more. If grass pastures
are available throughout the sum
mer, the grass is better than, silage
but on many, many farms the hot
weather months mean falling
back on the. hay mow. . : '
Results at the Oregon, experi
ment station show that - in most
years oats and vetch will outyield
corn,' in some cases yielding three
times as much silage per acre. In
years of trouble from aphis, or
when the vetch winter kills, the
yield falls below corn. , .
Vetch and oats seeded at the
rate; of from 60 to 0potHids of
vetch and 40 pounds of Oray Win
ter bats per acre- is a good com
bination. Seeding before the mid
dle of October gives best results.
This crop is right 1 for putting
into the silo when the seeds r are
formed in the lower pods on the
vetch and the oats are in .the
light dough stage. !
Oats and Tetch, or wheat and
vetch, are coming into favor in
parts of eastern Oregon also, E.
M. Eby and the Scobee and Keif
ranch, both of Redmond, secured
about 11 tons of silage per acre
from Hungarian vetch and oats In
one case and a mixture of Hun
garian vetch and wheat, oats and
barley in the other. The previous
year Mr. Eby secured 12 tons per.
acre from wheat and hairy vetch.
Peas and Barley or Oats Best for
Coast Counties
Another combination of value is
peas and barley. This crop is
! (Contlnned on pare 10) i
THIS WEEK'S SLOGANS
DID YOU KNOW that Salem is the silo center of Oregon;
that new silos are being erected faster In the Salem district
than in any other section of the entinf Pacific Coast; that
every farm having live stock ought to nave al least one silo;
that a silo is a pasture under cover; that it is an insurance
policy against Joss; that the farmer with live stock without
a silo loses enough every year to pay for one or more; that
although silos ate going out in this district faster than ever
before, they are not even yet being installed nearly half as
fast as they should be; and that Marion and Polk counties
lead all Oregon in silo preponderance and silo lore?
' : ' ' i ' - - ! I
. -. , v-i 1 . r
i - : j . i s
i
- - i
Lower Prices
UK PRODUCTS TIE BJSE
OFfDIIGESTBUSIISS
.-
Now is the Time for Oregon to Capitalize Climatic, Feed
l 'and Market Conditions for Permanent, Profitable and
Stable Business Make
! Cream Pail i
(By EDWARD T. BARBER)
!" ' I ' - - :'
Milk, and milk products, occupy
the second highest place n the
United States, based upon gross
returns for the past . year. '
' Bituminous coal stands first and
fiilk follows with? a gross credit
well above the three billion dollar
mark, 'jj ; - j . ' . .
Mr. Dairyman, you are engaged
In "'b!g! business.?' The second
largest in the United States.
: Federal statistics show that in
the past ten years! the per capita
consumption of milk has been in
creased 3?0 per cent. j.
This Remarkable growth has
been largely accomplished through
scientificj educational efforts by
health organizations. .
; In order to. meet the require
ments essential to this growth of
the business science has assisted
the dairyman to better methods of
production, handling, and market
ing of their product.
s Laws lave, been passed for the
purpose of protecting both the con
sumer and the honest producer
from fraud and imposition by care
toss, unscrupulous and dangerous
producers!. ' I ! .
" The health of the public , has
been the jsasis idea of most of the
milk regulatory laws. Sanitary
laws regulating the handling o(
cews to the cleaning of the con
tainers a? d the sterilizing of milk
huve insiecl public confidence In
the use f more milk and milk
products, j ;
The peH cent of food content es
sential to! public consumption have
been)determined and fixed by laws
so that the consumer 1s certain of
getting the quality of article de
sired in solid contents and butter
fat of the product offered for salei.
All of j these regulations, and
their strict enforcement, tend to
stimulate greater consumption.'
Oregonj presents" unusually fa-on-.ble
conditions for stimulating
the develA; ntcut cfjthe dairy busi-
T-C3S. j - - I !
: Climatic conditions maintain
cows at tbir maximum efficiency.
No extremes of temperature to
consume nergy which may be on
verted ih more j milk. Green
feed practically the year around,
and silage may bid produced in
enormousj tonnage on every farm.
In response to these favorable
conditions; Oregon has already tak-
3
I I
G
)d!GrfJooc GZtepning
i
Suits Cleaned and Pressed $1.50
Suite Pressed 50c
785 Highland Avenue
Oregon; the National Milk and
en an! advanced position in tne
dairy world.
The! multitude of pure bred
herds found all over the state,' es
pecially In the Willamette valley
and nearby territory speaks elo
quently of the earnestness, in
which Oregon dairymen have tack
led the problem.
There are many herds having
world I record cows in them and
herds pf ten to fifteen more cows
giving a herd average of 700 to
S00 pounds butterfat for a year are
not uncommon.
However, such herds are uncom
mon enough that they serve mostly
to show what the state may do.
The javerage for the entire stato
is around 150 pounds per cow.
It would seem useless to endeav
or to convince the. man owning the
average cow that his financial sal
vation i lies through better cows.
The 150 pound cow costs practical
ly as much to keep as the 800
pound producer. The 150 pound
producer at an average price of
40c pe pound for butterfat brings
a return of $60. A 500 pound
producer brings a return of $200,
and the 800 pound producer brings
in $320.
This' is for butterfat and does
not consider the extra value of the
calves las butter producers.
Oregon needs more pure bred,
high-producing cowa, .- o -
Oregon needs more high-class
dairymen who sense the essential
factors of. production and market
ing dairy products.
It is! not expected that every
Oregoni farmer will : milk cows.
Some are not temperamentally
adaptefl to this branch of agricul
ture bujt to those. who are so adapt
ed dairying is ah insurance against
seriousj loss on the entire years op
erations. Potatoes, peas; beans, fruit, hay
and gr.in may fail or suffer ser
ious loss, but the family of the
dairyman is assured of a living
and mortgages may still be" paid
off.
, Cow-testing , and bull associa
tions should be more in evidence
in the upbuilding of the dairy
herds.
. Oregon dairymen are inclined to
work singly and independently in
the testing of their herds and fail
to realize lthe enormous value to
be found in the work of a cow
testing association.
The Cow-testing association of
Lewis county, Washington, shows
as a result of Its two years work
that tho average increased yield,
based upon cost of feed, is 49 per
cent.
Lewis county is the earner of on
of the greatest dalry?n,-j districts
in the United States, yet only 2
per cent of the dairyma of that
county are members tf- the cow
t?s".ing fcpscoiation.
A banker, or merchant, cr any
one engaged in a commercial or
manufacturing business who would
thus pass by an opportunity to in
crease bis income by 43 per cent
Snappy Service
This cut is used by courtesy of the
Associated Industries, of Oregon.
Beginning about January 1, 1925, The Statesman will supple
ment Its slogan article's tm this page with a series of stories
of Industrial Oregon" from the pen of Mr. Edward T. Barber
Who is one of the most accomplished writers along thesa lines
In the iPacific Northwsst. TXra Barber Is "a painstaking and
careful investigator. His "articles will be based upon the most
reliable Information obtainable and written from a constructive
optimistic viewpoint. The following subjects will be Included
la these articles: : . 1 ,' " j:
The WiHamjette Valley, Its
and" General Features. j -
Lumbering and Forest ProductB.
Manufacturing Industries and Opportunities.
.Market at Home and Abroad. - .
Fruit Growing Conditions , and . Opportunities.
Commercial Nut Growing. : "
Poultry and Its Opportunities.
General Agricultural! CondItlonsknd Opportunities. - )
Labor Conditions. , . '
.Irrigation. ! '
Edncational and Religious Resources.! ' ;
Tourist Trails and Scenic Attractions.
Taxation and Financial Conditions.
General Living Conditions.
Dairying, Milk, and Milk Products. - j
Mineral Resources.
Commerce.
Hydro-Electric Development and Possibilities.
would be- considered a subject for
a pad red cell. All of which ibows
the distance yet to be 4ravelied by
the dairv industry befoie it gets
on as sound a ' footing as" other
lines of iadustry..
Xext to culling a herd of dairy
cows by mftans of a cow testing as
Fociation increase its - earning
capacity, Id 4.he use of a pure bred
bull;from high producing strains.
One of the largest and most suc
cessful dairy bull associations in
the jsvest Is at Preston, Idaho; It
is composed of 20 members. It
owns 11 pure bredibulls, every one
of which comes from a cow. with a
record of not less than 500 pounds
butter fat' per year.
In an experiment at the Iowa
Experiment station a scmb cow
was used, f This cow was well cared
for and she had a record of 3.875
pounds of milk containing: 193
pounds of bntterfat, for her yearly
production. v. '
Her calf was sired by a pure
bred Holstein bull. This calf had
a yearly I production record of
6,956 pounds of milk and ,266
pounds of butterfat.
This t calf was bred to a pure
bred Holstein bun. and her calf
produced 12,804 pounds of milk
and j 4 8 J pounds of butter fat.
Two crosses of good bulls in
creased the milk record by 8,929
pounds and the butter fat record
by 290 pounds. -
Now, suppose you had a herd of
20 scrub cows making the same
progj-ess into the second -generation
jthe net gain at 40 cents per
pound for the butterfat, would ba
$2,320. i
Better sires and - the culling of
he herd by scientific cow-testlns
are the two greatest sources of im
j toved dairy stock. . - ';
The Willamette valley Is the
"milk and cream pail" of the-clty
of Portland which is-the market
cebter lor la vast territory. Hun
dreds of small creameries, some of
thfrm on the co-opratlv.-i plan and
some independent concerns dot the
mate of Oregon but the dairymen
of the state have made "more ad
vancement: along the Ifne of pro
duction than in the line of mar
keting, ' j - - .
At Tillamook the cooperative
marketing plan has been develop
ed more fully than elsewhere. As
a consequence Tillamook has es
tablished national reputation for
her cheese and dairy products.
Several condenseries are operat
ing at different parts -of the-state
and some milk powder plants ars
cperating. I These plants consume
a large part of the surplus milk.
. The ice cream business has been
growing rapidly and requires a
large number of cows to supply It
with the required quantity. .
Ice cream has treased to be a
mere confection. Its great food
value is being recognized. A quart
of ice- cream contains the same
amoant of food value as 2
pounds of chicken, or 14 standard
cgfis, or 4-5 pounds of-ham.
The law requires Ice cream to
carry 8 per .cent butter fat. But
such ice cream Is considered rather
weak by the eating public and
manufacturers increase the fat con
tent to 12 and 14 per cent. "Some
manufacturers -use pure cream for
this purpose, or rather unsalted
butter, others use peanut or other
neutral oils. . . .
, Modern ice cream is made by
first separating the milk, then con
densing the skimmed f milk one
half to Increase the solid content.
It is sterilized by the Pasteur or
similar process. The fat content
is then introduced and "the entire
mass is passed through a machine
which breaks up the fat globules
and mixes it into a homogenious
mass. The cresta iij l cSocgd,
" " hi';'' iT- 1
r - i
Physical, Historical, Oeographical
will not again separate and no
lumps of butter will appear-In the
ice cream. This product. ) after
passing through thjJ homogenlzer
is cooled and placed in containers
for sale to the Ice cream makers.
In this , condition it is called
"mix." : J -
Individual ice qream makers buy
this "mix" and ireere It In the!
own establishments, usually giv
ing it some name of their j own
fancy. '
Portland is the center of a very
large Industry in the production of
ice cream "mix" and many thous
ands of cows are required to pro
duce the necessary amount of TnllS:
daily. I
During the slack ice cream sea
son the makers of "mix" buy large
quantities of unsalted butter which
they place in cold storage to be
used in Ice cream "mix" making
during the height, of the 'season
when it would be difficult to get
enough butter fat for the Ice cream
trade. ' .-
'There exists nowhere such ideal
conditions In feed and climatic
conditions as in Oregon.
Consumption of dairy product!
Is increasing yearly at a phenome.
nal ratio, thus insuring stable mar
ket conditions. .1
If there ever was a time when
Oregon farmers should use their
heads; unite to produce standard
grades of uniform high quality
which will ' command the larger
markets, ft is NOW.
HEifW SILOS
rail wi co.
High Cost of Filling, and Re
duced Numberof Stock
Cattle the Cause
(By 11. G. AVERY, County Agri-
cultural Agent)
Due to the high cost of filling
them and because many farmers
who bought alios d i.l not need th em
at that time or, have since sold off
stock cattle and do not. have
enough stock to eat up the silagj,
not over one-third of Union coun
ty's silo are in use.
Silo building !n this country was
heavily boomed by silo agents at
the time sunflowers firet came in
to use as a silage crop. Seasons
are not generally favorable here
to produce a good corn crop. Many
farms where sunflowers were tba
basis ef the silo venture have dis
carded this crop as unsatisfactory.
Others are using sunflowers with
excellent success.
The farmers who are using theif
silos are for the most part trading
work about the community to re
duce cost of pilo filling.' Dairymen
who have silos are using them ant
some dairyman occasionally bays
a silo now. A large increase in al
falfa hay production, due to th
use of sulphur fertilizer and
Grimm seed, has had its effect in
lessening interest in silos. All
dairymen In the couaty shonl.l
have silos of a proportionate eIi
to the number of cows. Live stock
men who can put silage in at half
the cost of hay per ton will fin-l
it profitable, , If ways to rduco
the cost of filling silos i t?
found, a large number will I - 7 :t
back in use.
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