8
THE OREGON STATESMAN, SALET.I, OREGON
THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY. 19, 1025
INDUSTRIAL
RE
P ROD U C ES QUALI TiY :
I''
PRODUCl
iMaMi
GGN'
' y .-
f r
j -
r This cut is used by courtesy of the'
-Associated Industries, of pregon.
; Dates of Slogans in Daily Statesman
: (In Twice-a-Week Statesman Following Day)
. (With a few possible changes)
Loganberries, October 2 -'Prunes,
October 9
Dairying, October 16 .
Flax, October 23
Filberts, October 30
. Walnuts, November 6 --
Strawberries, November 13
Apples.. November 20
Raspberries, November 27 '
.Mint, December 4 .
Great' Cows, Etc, December 11
Blackberries, December 18 .
Cherries, December 25
Pears, January 1, 1925
Gooseberries, January 8 ,
Corn, January 15
Celery, January 22
Spinach, Etc., January 29
Onions, Etc., February 5
Potatoes, Etc., February 12 :
Bees, February 19
Poultry and Pet Stock Feb. 26
City Beautiful, etc, March 5.
Beans, Etc., March 12
Pared Highways,' lrch 19 ,t ;
Head Lettuce, March 26
I Silos, Etc., April 2 . 1 :-
Legume, April 9
Akparagus, Etc., April 16
Gfapes. Etc., April 28"
Dj-ug Garden, 'April 30
ID EAT IIIEEIf EVERY DAY
10 KEAII, SAYS 0. AC. SPECIALIST
1,
The Family Should Come Naturally to Use it as a Partial
and Very Desirable Substitute for Sugar, and All Will
Be the Heathier and Happier for it j -
- - - - . -
. (The following is a special ar
ticle by H. A. Scullen, assistant
professor of entomology and spe
cialist In bee culture of the Ore
gon" Agriculturatcoiiege. It con
taina.jmatter that is of Value to
;everf one ; who has ; a regard for
his or hef'heaJthV'aa well being
interested in , the development ': of
Oregon, and especially of the Sal
em district: ) : ." .
? Strange as it' may seem, many
people do not fully understand the
source of honey .. or Just - what
? honey is. r Tet the time is"not far
in he past when man knew nq
other sweet. At the present time
the average individual consumes
aoout sv pounds or sugar in a
yea j with a relative decrease in
the amount of honey eaten.
" Honey is- first collected from
various flora, by the bee in the
form of a thin nectar. This nec-
-tar (consists of about 60 per cent
of water and 40 - per cent of
f -sugar. The . sugar is chemically
similar to cane sugar. Two chan-
-ges,however take place in nectar
to form honey. In the first place
. the: bees evaporate the bulk of the1
' 'wifer, thus concentrating the. so
lution anqJocidentally improving
s thej flavor. Secondly, , a chemical
change takes place similar -to the
process which goes on in the hum
' n jXspk&ch after eating cane, sug
ar. "As "result the sugar is ina
', ' fornVwhich can b readily absorb
ed By the most particular digestive
system..-,,.; w. , y
' Why Iloney Is a Superior Food
i Honey is a food of superior val
ine jnot only because it is so readily
absorbed by the digestive 'system
-but for several other reasons. Not
the least of these is the natural
- flayor brought from the flower it-
self which no other artificial
sweet can ever have.
. 231
N. Hinh
1EGULA
Sugar Beets, Sorghum, Etc.,
May 7 - .' " -.-Water
Powers, May 14 .
Irrigation, May 21 - r
Mining. May 2 I
Land, Irrigation. Etc., June 4 '
Floriculture, June 11
Hops, Cabbage, Etc., June 18
Wholesaling and Jobbing,
- June 25
Cucumbers, Btc, July 2 " :
Hogs. July 9
Goats, July 16. I i
Schools, Etc.; July 23
Sheep, July 30 j
National Advertising, August 6
Seeds, Etc., August 13
Livestock, August 20- -
Grain and Grain Products, Au
' - guet 27 - i - -
Manufacturing, September 3.
Automotive Industries, Seytem
. ber 10
Woodworking, Etc.. Sept., 17
Paper Mills. Etc., Sept. It. " ,
(Back copies of the Thursday
editions of The Daily Oregon
Statesman are on hand. ' They,
are for sale at IV cents each,
mailed to any address. Current
copies 5c.) - '-- .
' " '
Furthermore we find in ' honey
some of i those' little known bit
extremely ' important : elements
known as vttamlnes, which are en
tirely -lacking in sugar and the
common syrups, due to ; the high
temperatures to which they . are
subjected. Also we find honey
contains most of the valuable min
erals which modem processes have
so frequently ! eliminated from
many forms of food and 'especial
ly is this true' in rgatd'ltq sugar
and the syrups made f rofm sugar.
Why. Honey DlffT' In Color and
u. c'i? : ;A, Flavor i f ' j l:
The color and flavor of . honey
depends on the plant from which
the bees collect the' nectar. For
tunately the bees prefer to work
on flowers which produce the bet
ter grades of . honey, when sucn"
flowers are available and are se
creting nectar. The leading honey
producing plants of Oregon all fur
nish honey of superior color and
flavor. They are: clover, alfalfa,
sweet clover and wlllowherb. As
s rule the darker honeys have a
slightly 'stronger flavor. .
Honey Not Adulterated " ...
Honey1 is so rarely adulterated
that one might almost say it nev
er is. This is due'to the fact that
beekeepers recognize the practice
would only curtail their market
and furthermore'that the " pure
f0od law forbids itJ The consum
er, often fears there is adultera
tion because the honey granulates
or is almost white. - Yet if " one
could Secure honey' from any one
of the above named honey plants
with no nectar .from, any other
plant the result vewld be practi
cally water white honey In each
case. j f.. -; . ;
'Honey contains two sugars (dex
(Continued oa pft 10)
E
It Is a Business Asset. ..:
O:
"OREGON QUALITY" products are establishing themselves in world markets; they make
our pay rolls they build our cities; they attract new capital and new people; they provide a
market for the products of our farms. Oregon farms produce a wider variety of profitable
crops of "Oregon Quality"; food than any other spot on earth. ' . ' j .
WITH AMPLE LATE BEE PAS1URE SALEM ;
DISTRICT 1ULD BE A DEE PARADISE
:.v. ' - - ' - '! - v ' I"
' !
Give Them Plenty of White, Alsike and Sweet Clover, anl
Other Well Known Nectar Bearing Growths in Proper
Seasons, and We Can Beat the World in the Pro
duction of Honey Here i
Frank M. Alley, an employee
in the freight office of the South
ern Pacific, is the best posted man
in Salem on bees. He could write
a book about bees. He has con
tributed to v the last five annual
Slogan numbers of The Statesman,
and he told the Slogan editor yes
terday that the main requirement
is what it has been all along, late
bee pasture here, in order to make
this section a bee paradise. The
growers here, and especially- the
fruit growers, must realize more
and more fully the necessity of
providing bees with late bee pas
ture, with white, alsike and sweet
clover, and the other well known
nectar bearing growths. Where
there is plenty of late bee pasture,
this will be the best bee country
in the world It will be a verita
ble bee paradise.
Difference In Wintering ,
Mr. Alley accentuates the differ
ence In favor of the Willamette
ralley over the east, and most
other bee sections. In getting bees
through the winter. This Is a
very easy matter here, compara
tively.; . .
Also the abundance of spring
flowering plants and shrubs, many
of ; them producers of the finest
honey. - Our - numerous small
streams are lined with willows of
different varieties producing an
abundance of early pollen' availa
ble many times 'In mid-winter, so
that the feeding of artificial pol
len in this section is an unheard
of thing. Next in order of its im-t
portance in the spring is the blos
soming of the maples, and there
is no finer honey than that pro
duced by the scrub trees known as
vine maple. Closely following the
maples we have an abundance of
shrubs and plants; one of the most
valuable from a bee keepers'
standpoint being the shrub known
as Scotch broom.. While It is a
worthless pest, it is generally
found in unused land and - along
road sides and waste places. This
plant is a legume, and,' like all
members of that valuable family
of plants. Is a source of much pol
len and honey at a time when It is
most needed to build up the col-ony-
It will produce both nec
tar and pollen for several weeks
and' Is a never falling supply year
affer year, - : ,
Feeding Problem
The greatest problem here, con
fronting the keeper of bees in this
section Is the summer 'drought,
and until such time as additional
necta rl producing -plants such " as
the white and yellow sweet" clover
get a start. It. will be necessary to
adopt a system of looking , after
your bees that will f carry l them
over this period. It, therefore, re
solves itself Into a question of
leaving them stores to carry them
over the winter or providing them
with a substitute in the form of a
syrup made from white granulat-
O
"..T.; r -- .!,:-.-' ,T -v--' ' :i ' .-. I
jeammg.se
It Prolongs the Life of Your Clothes.
It Retains Them ii) Their Original Shape.
It Keeps Them Sanitary.
7 : 1 ;
ea sugar in tne proportion of two
sugar to one of water by measure.
This is best fed to the bees kln Oct
ober and should be given within
the hive preferably at night. I
. In "certain favored" j localities,
there is no summer probleiaifoV
the reason of the accessibility of .
the mountains and the burned
over waste lands, which is covered
with an abundance of i fire weed
."'(also called Elk weed and Indian
Pink, etc.,) which is a producer
of what is considered one of .the
finest honeys In the world. " It is
a pure almost white honey of the
most delicious flavor and brings
the highest price in the markets
of the cities where it is - offered
for sale, 1 This plant grows wild
wherever timber land has been
burned over, hence Its name of
fireweed, and all efforts, to culti
vate it or propagate it have so far
failed. . ; :; -"..:";' -k '
v i , May Move the Iies
Fortunately, it is jan 111 wind
that blows nobody good, and while
we deplore, the loss of the. fine
timber by fire, it is possible for
the. bee keeper to reap some ben
efit from the calamity, land, there
are but few locations InUheWil
lamette valley where a bee keeper
cannot successfully winter his
bees', harvest i the early crop -of
honey and . Incidentally., build up
his bees, then move them by auto
truck a" comparatively' jshdrt dis-
tance to where be can pasture the
mountain sides ' from July "1 st till
frost puts an end to the! Jtlow, i "I
k It Is the practice of many Calif
ornia bee keepers to move their
bees many miles to the orange-
groves and when that Hovf stops,
move them a fong distance to the
sages on the mountains and des
erts, j If they can successfully do
it, so can we, now that we have so
many hard surfaced market roads
leading in all directions. In many
cases to the mountains them-:
selves. , , '
-I A Bee Paradise.
The following were among the
conclusions of Mr. Alley's article
of last year: "The' question na
turally comes up-if such-a bee
paradise exists, why -has""it -not
been taken up before? 7 "This Is a
(Continue on pze
'r, THISWEEK'S SLOGAN
DID YOU KNOW tb&t Salem
kcm irccikcrpiiif; muusiiy, uiai me eariy noney now nere
EXCEEDS THAT OFUNV OTHER SECTION; that, wfth
intelligent and industrious . tre, this can be made a veri
table bt paradise,Tby-providing bee pasture. for the. late
summer, which can be one, and which must be done, in
order to make fruit growing more stable by being rendered
more-certain of pollination; that fruit growers can thus
harvest three sure " crops by providinjr bee I pasture and
keeping, bees the sweet clovers and Hungarian vetch, the
2 A 1 1 1 L.f j lIJ! i it. :: ifl'i J
fruit and the honey; besides
the soil with the legumes mentioned?
WESTERN OREGOrj FIIS ilDATION
.! BOTH PRACTICABLE AND
Experiments Covering a Seven Year Period Demonstrate
fi That Irrigation Adds an Average of 65 Per Cent to All
;;i Crops in Western Oregbn-rAlreadV Six Districts Cov-
, ering 50,000 Acres; and Many Smaller Units Are in
Operation Diversified Farming Demands Irrigation
Metnoas
(By EDWARD T. BARBER) !
Irrigation methods are being
adopted; In western Oregon on a
rapidly Increasing scale. v vS 1
This is due to the transforma
tion ; which has taken place from
era in erowine in a. more Intpnfil-
jfied and diversified form of agri
culture.! ' '.- -i - ' .. ' : '
; The ljainfall for the Willamette
valley averages 44 Inches, for the
Umpqua 35 inches and for the
Rogue river valley 26 inches. j
j ; This jisj sufficient! moisture to
mature 'any of the crops grown in
those; v411eya if it wore evenlydls-
tributed during the growing sea
son. Bjit such is not the case. The
average at Salem for the past 25
years;
months
si ve, lis
April; .
May:j. .
tor j tne arrowing crop
April to October, inclu
as' follows: f :
. ., .2.63 inches
I . L .2.20 inches
Jnne . - .t . . . ;
July:!.-. , ;L !j 4
August?.: X . . .
September .
. . f 1.30 inches
.i,,:o.48 inches
0.41 inches'
. . . . . 1.S4 inches
. . , , .2.85 inches
Qctober!
This distribution of rainfall H
not favprable to most crops; and;
tb$ tisej of irrigation water As a
supplemental j factor- ; is rapidly
gaining! favor j among the large;
number of farmers engaged in the
intensified farming, such as berry
and -fruit growing,- vegetable and
truck farming.! : : . , ' ,
'1 AH belter; understanding" of the
value! of 'Irrigation and the meth
ods oj fvvWn&li will still further
increase the emDlovment of thin
?v8tem lof farming, j - ": " :; i
The trrlgatfon farmer becomes a
manufacturer, rather than a growT
er of food products! He must know
certain f facts, relative to the hab
itsj of growth and "development of
each different product, which the
farmer! depending1 upon rainfall
doesi hot know,! or if he does know
lt,j the knowledge is of small value
toj bimj.;4U-h; J; j' : : .
jEverjy plant passes (through cer
tain s't&Kes of growth, just as ev
ery animal on the . rarm passes
through different istages of devel
opment and roQTijres feeding anil
care adapted o each stage if
maximum development lis secured-
Moisture - is the , solvent of thie
js Ihe center of a potentially!
j building up
the fertility of
CITY CLEANERS
T E
chemical elements of the soil and
the medium thrdugh which these
elements is carried to the parts
of the plant. .
All plants are greedy feeders.
By supplying or .withholding the
plant food at the proper time, de
termined by the stage of develop
ment then in progress, the irriga
tion farmer determines the qual
ity and amount of ; his product.
within certain limits, at his will.
A : field of wheat has reached
the stage wnere It ' should begin
to head. A rain falls and supplies
the plants with a super-abundance
of fresh feed with the result that
the plant continues growing straw.
Later it heads but the heads are
smaller than they should be and
the grain is of inferior quality. It
was all "luck." The rain came
at the wrong time for that particu
lar field. A delay of a week or
ten days would hare made a won-
nfrfu difference in the value of
" irrigation larmer
produces me rignc conditions at
will. He withholds the water un
til needed and then applies it in
just the right amount and at just
the right time to produce' maxi
mum crops.
Potatoes are especially suscep
tible to control by irrigation meth
ods.. At any time after the pota
toes set on the plant a lack of
moisture sufficient to check the
growth of the - plant results in a
mass of second growth; rough' and
knotty potatoes. ,
: July and August are the importr
ant months in potato growing, and
these are the two months of least
rainfall in western Oregon.
Experiments by the Oregon Ag
ricultural college at Corvallis. car
ried on over a 7-year-period show
that Irrigation increased the yield
of potatoes 100 bushels to the
acre; carrots increased 10 'tons;
beans 6.94 bushels; beets 4.636
tons; clover 5.3 tons.
from other sources it is learn
ed that irrigation increased the
yield of strawberries 4 tons per
acre and other berries in a like
proportion. !
The experiment station con
cludes that general irrigation in
fthe Willamette "valley Is not de
sirable or practicable, but that
wherever water is available irriga
tion fwilf-be profitable for: intense
diversified farming 'operations.
.. .Tbe; numerous , streams in the
valley ' present exceptionally fine
opportunity for 'securing ! irriga
tion water, either by direct pump
ing from the streams or by reser
voir dams frpm. which the water
may be conveyed by gravity to the
fields. . Kr;.-V-;;::":'-'
A number of such systems are
now ; in working "order. In the
Rogue River ! and Umpqua valley
six different; Irrigation districts
fCoBtinnatf op pig 10)
AM
O:
! This cut is used by courtesy of the
Associated Industries, of Oregon.
Beginning about January 1, 1925, The Statesman will supple-'
raent its slogan articles on this pae .with series of stories
of Industrial Oregon from the pen of. Mr. Edward T. Baroer
who is one of the most accomplished writers along these lines
in the Pacific Northwest. 1 Mr. Barber is a painstaking and
careful Investigator. His articles will be based upon the moat
reliable information obtainable and written from a constructive
optimistic viewpoint. The following luhjects will be Included
In these articles:
The Willamette Valley,- Its Physical, Historical, Geographical
and General Features.
Lumbering and Forest Products.
Manufacturing Industries and Opportunities. V
Market at Home and Abroad. '..' ''
Fruit Growing Conditions and Opportunities. - r
Commercial Nut Growing;
Poultry and Its Opportunities. v .
General Agricultural Conditions and Opportunities.
Labor Conditions. . V
Irrigation. ' 'v..-
Educational and Religious Resources.
Tourist Trails and Scenic Attractions.
Taxation and Financial Conditions.' - v
t ... a
General Living Conditions. t i j f V i '
Dairying, Milk, and Milk Products. -
Mineral Resources. . . -
Commerce. ' , - .' ..;;:',::.:'-.:.. ;.. -,...
Hydro-Electric Development and .PossiblHtlesv.'iC.'i 4 ioi
RRIGATiONHASDEMOnSTRATEO ITS
ABILITY TO SERVE OREGON F
Irrigation Has Spread its Magic Wand Over a Million Acres
of Productive. Oregon Lands and They Blossom as a
Rose Willamette Valley Lands Yield 62 Per Cent In
. crease Under Irrigation
(By EDWARD T. BARBER)
... The process of irrigation Is old
er than recorded history. All the
great nations of the ancient world,
Assyria, Babylon, Ninevah and the
valleys of the Nile based their
prosperity-on irrigation. - ' :
-The prehistoric races of Ameri
ca left records of enormous irri
gation systems in the very sections
of the continent where we are to
day building irrigation dams and
ditches. - r - -
. Irrigation farming is scientific
production. It applies science to
securing maximum production of
the land. ' . -
The arid sections of our conti
nent,-wherever a sufficient water
supply is to- be found, offer the
most ideal conditions for irriga
tion and the production of super
crops. . - .:
. The irrigator controls the fac
tors which enter into the growth
and development of the plant at
each stage of its life jcycle.
The arid lands retain the neces
sary chemical' elements which in
a rainy section are washed out by
excessive rain and carried to the
sea. Arid lands are the original
virgin, soils of Oregon. "
"Irrigation laws and practices
are practically the same in all our
western states.
A few irrigation terms defined
here may be worth while.- . '
All or the old time irrigators
measured their .water by the 'min
er's inch." While this, term ad
mits At some variations " In its
meaning it generally means a con
stant .stream of. water having a
cross section of a 'square inch, a
rail or 4 Inches in 16 feet, under
a head of 4 inches. Under the
general custom of the old time
irrigation a miner's inch was con
EGOMOM
Odorless Cleanincr.
Prompt Service.
We Clean Rugsy
We Clean and
Block Hats. '
IS
sidered the right atnount for an
acre of land,' - This was supposed
to flow for use from April to, Oc
tober, Inclusive, as the Irrigation
season.
The amount of water actually
necessary to produce a maximum
crop is termed . the "duty of 'wai
ter." .
Determining the"dcty of water"
la the cause of 'much litigation
where large corporations, or th
United States reclamation service
construct the works end the time
comes for the operation of the sys
tem to be turned over to the water
users. The courts, use as a basis
of fixing the "duty of water" the
amount that can be beneficially
nsed on that particular tract. The
amount of water necessary for
maximum crops varies consider
ably, with the different soils" and
conditions. Hence the "duty of
water" fixed by the court for one ;
system may not apply, in equity, to
any other system. The construe-
lion company is interested in
spreading the water over as much
land as possible, for. their profits
are all from -selling water rights .
on the lands within reach of their
system. ' : n : i .
T"he flow of streams ?s 'measur
ed by the "second foot' This
means a cubic foot of water pass
ing a given, point in a second br
time. ' A stream recorded as hav-"
ing 1000 second feet means that
1000 cubic. feet pass a given point
inc each second of time.
.The contents of reservoirs '.s
measured by "acre foot" units.
This means enough water to cover
an acre of land a foot deep.
From 2 to 3 acre feet are con
sidered necessary for an Irriga-
Continued from pf 9)
Phone
934