TIIE OREGON STATESMAN SALEM, OREGON - SUNDAY-MORNING, DECEMBER 7; 192-1 "r hitcqeb-: flEIDRnSE Gain of 15 Per, Cent Shown in Report "Prepared by Commissioner Moore .Premium taxi receipts have in- reused 98 per r cent during .the irst 11 monthslof 1924 over the receipts for 19 2r according to a report submitted by Will Moore, tate real estate! and i insurance ommissioner, tot Governor Walter I. Pierce- The amount forr'this ear is $482,613,93 against $242, S3.44 in 122, i Licenses increas (1 IS per cent I while total re teipts for 1924 Increased 84 per ent. with , $569,29-99 against 5316,443.63 in 1922. Disburse ments for 1924 Iwere $25,357.27 gainst 124,436.75 for 1922, an Let lb Help Yoa- S9LVE YOUR IiEAmTG PR0BIE1 Just give ns your name and address and we will have our salesman call aid go over your heating problem with you with out any .obligation on your part EASTMAN SIRLOCO FUHNACES $79.60 and np, Installed , Complete EASTMAN BROS (Formerly Silrerton Blow Pip Co.) Eilvertom, Oregon iS 5 . 6 AND J.10NEY -SECtjRfiD t You have an opportunity to receive 6 per cent on your investments by placing your funds in a se-;, curily Which (Ioe3 not fluctuate with conditions and which is the .most dependable security you can get. " " ! . ' . . 1 : I '' ' ' S ; lle.il Estate Mortgages are the backbone of all investment's. r : ; l , ..... .(": " Our "Mortgage Bond3 are secured by income Salem t property and ' producing Willamette Valley farms in one ot the richest territories in the United States. The mortgages are held in trust by the First National Bank In Salem. These bonds are sold in multiples of $100 and the interest is. paid sepi-aimually. " 3 . -,' Write or phone for circular giving detailed in formation on this investment." j Reference any H2i7Zn 205. Oregon Building. : i j . t imJ "i"''--rf'r " ' It has proven itself by years of use and. tests in the laboratory. Offers you a beautiful,1 fire proof, water-tight, and lasting roof at a price that is truly reasonable in the field pf perman ent materials. . . ui ESTIMATE GLADLY FURNISIIED ,-. . .. - -; "... " -r--?.; r -1 . 1 ' .-. ..i-1"-,- ) . .,. . ... . 1 : -, . i : . - . - T Made,; Placed and Guaranteed by . llCSK.Frcnt. increase. oi hut 3 per eent. -Tbe budget for 1925-26 is only f 380 above "thaf" for the ': present" bien nial. Companies have increased from 406 in 1922 to 469 in 1924, a pain ot 15 per centr while agents' licenses Increased 19 per cent with 10,902 in 1922 and 12,955 this year.. ,. :. In the fire marshal's - depart ment "receipts from ; January 1, 1922 to November 30. 1922, were $22,215.94 against $27,322.87 for the corresponding i period this year. Disbursements were $22, 238.55. against $25,595.42 for the same periods. Of the amount this year, $5795 has been, for standar dization - of fire hose couplings, authorized by the 1923 legislat ure, , ; The increasing fire losses with the apparently; ever increas ing number of crooked fires to investigate has made this a very strenuous year, according to the report. , 1 . . 1 .;. Receipts from the real estate department far 1921 were $12,162 against $11,533.50 for the same period this year. Disbursements were nearly equal, being $7812.60 for the first land $7100.85 for the second period. ( The falling off in receipts has apparently been caused by. the fact that there has been very little . market for. .real estate, Mr. Moore points out Franklin Buys Property North bri Pacific Highway ? r- O. F. Franklin has purchased a large tract on the Pacific highway about a mile from the Valley Pack lng company plant, and will erect an $8 000-$ 10,0 00 residence In the spring. Mr. Franklin is land scaping his property and will have an exceptionally attractive place when it is completed. ' Listing Bureau Literature Reaches Many in Ration In answer to the advertisements of the Salem Multiple listing .bar eau there has been: inquiries re ceived here from Haskell, Ok. la.; Katoma, Kansas; Lid a, Nevada, and other places. The bureauis distributing a!bout; 2;000piei?es of literature each month which, "prob ably reaches nearly 10,000 peo ple,; Plans are underway to in crease the circulation of the litera ture. I ' YOUR: bank in Salem Inc. Salem, Oregon. 1,1 n 95 L3 -fl- f- 't " 4 1- Back Yard Horticulture (This is; the third article of a series to Ite run each Sunday' daring the whole pLintntion season, giving valuable information and hints for Salem homo owners and others). ' . A program for the balancing and development of the horticul tural' production of 'Polk county must be based upon not only what we can grow to advantage, but what we can market to advantage as well. Only those varieties of tree and small -fruits, nuts ' and vegetables, , which are particularly adapted to our soils and climatic conditions, are to be included. Our fruit, nut and vegetable plant ings, must be planted in the loca tion and upon the soils within the county suited for their production. They must be planted t in large enough units for economic produc tion. Existing plantings unfortun ately located, such, as , prune or chards upon shallow or poorly drained soils, can be pulled, ' at once to the 1 financial advantage of the grower as well as the good of the industry. ; Indications ; are that certain crops, such as prunes, apples, loganberries, etc., are al ready overplanted in the county, while there are others such as red raspberries, evergreen blackber ries, Bartlett pears, nuts and some of the canning, vegetables,, which will stand reasonable expansion. We must produce those things our markets demand, in the propor tions demanded.- ' Prunes The dried prune production of the United States for 1922 was something less than three hundred million pounds, California produc ing two hundred and twenty-five million, Oregon fifty million, and Washington approximately twelve million , pounds. . The total pro duction of these three coast states wilt easily reach the four-hun-dred-million pound mark. ; inside of five years; while that : of the Northwest alone can be -expected to reach the . one-hundred-million-pound mark. The Pacific coast states have a monopoly : upon the dried prune production of. the United States. , - The total prune production is sufficient to feed the American population at the pres ent consumption rate of one and one-half pounds per person, with one hundred and thirty-five mil lion pounds remaining for export trade. When the four-hundred-mil lion-pound - production is i reached in the next five years, unless we increas tbe average consumption of the American consumer, we shall have over two hundred and twenty-six million pounds for ex port. The prune industry in Polk county has developed from 67 acres in 1889 to the present acrea ge of 11,039 acres. The ten to twelve cents received for prunes in 1889 was responsible for the first heavy planting, the acreage reaching 1,145 in , 1899. The dropping of prices , to . two and three cents prevented any rapid increase during the next ten years the 1909 - acreage standing at 1214 ' The six .cents received in that year, and the other, good prices during the following years, reaching as high as twenty cents in 1919, was responsible for the additional new plantings. The total platings reached 5,181 in 1919, and 11,039 at, the present time (1924.) The probabje value of a repres entative acre of bearing prunes, with the necessary buildings and equipment, is $625.00. JThe aver age production of dried .prunes is not greater than 1,600, pounds. per acre. The cost of produc tion is at least seven cents per pound. The average 1 price to the grower will te close to "this same seven cents. For this reason, orch ards averaging less than this 1500 pounds yield, which cannot be economically made to produce this amount, jtre better off removed. ? No new acreage should be plant ed, excepting to fill out economic units, until consumption , has at least caught up with production, and prices have reached a higher level. When new plantings are made, they .: should be on deep, ; well drained soils suitable for prune production. ; .Cultural methods should be im proved to Increase the 1 average size of our prunes. Good cultural -.practices and proper selection, will reduce the amount of small prunes, .but will not eliminate them. ' Under the most favorable conditions we will have several' million pounds of small prunes. These small prunes contain much food value..andhave cost as much to t produce as the larger sizes, but sold on the mar ket bring, in many cases, less than packing and selling : costs . to say nothing of cost of production. Al so the very fact that these small prunes do sell for a low price has a tendency to reduce the amount received for the larger sizes, as well as reducing the amount of the more profitable sizes sold. ! It is suggested that these small prunes could be used as a by-product in such a way as to con serve the food value, and at the same time remove them from com petition with the larger sizes. To that end' we recommend that the prungrowers adopt some method to finance research work for find ing some use for small prunes as a by-product, and that the chair man appoint a committee to Work with a . like committee of other prune growing districts to carry out the intent of this recommen dation. Reducing Number of Commercial Prune Grades; Oregon prunes are now graded as to size, into 11 distinct commer cial grades. Two distinct types of prunes being grown, . doubles this number. Then, at times old and new crop' of prunes of each size and time are sold at the same time, and in addition each type and size is packed under a number of distinctive brand names. This untold multiplicity of sizes, grades, brands, and qualities is, to say the least a confusion to the consumer and 4be trade, not justified by sound business methods, and not conductive to the largest possible consumption of our prunes. In the opinion of Four committee this large cumber of sizes is unneces sary. Perhaps no other commod ity of as near uniform edible qual ity, is marketed under so many distinct, though sometimes infin ites mally different sizes. j it is apparent that to merchan dise the successively smaller sizes, a I SUBSTANTIAL difference in price is necessary between, each different grade. By makjng ten successive SUBSTANTIAL reduc tions, it is evident that an abnor-' mally low price must be in effect on medium and" " smaller sized prunes, tomove theml To most consumers such an enormous, re duction in price immediately sug gest an, even greater difference in quality, cleanliness or edibility of the smaller prune. This psychol ogy of the consumer's mind still further depresses the price of the smaller sizes to a ruinous price to the grower. Then, the. smaller sizes being by these processes re duced -to such a ridiculously low plane, the consumer as well as the trade naturally wonders why the larger sizes are so high while other prunes apparently just as large or at best only infinitesmally r smaller, .are so much cheaper. This feeling naturally depresses, the price of the large prunes also. In this way useless multiplicity of sizes creates a trade and consumer resistance to prices of BOTIj large and small prunes. In the same retail store may be seen a difference of 10 or 12 cents per pound, or .even more, in the price 6f prunes grown on the same tree in this county. It is quite appar ent that tbe grower is not get ting 12 cents per pound more for the large prune than the : small ones, and it is quite evident that most of. the increase in price Is taken somewhere down the line by the. middlemen, and . Is not to the' interests of either grower or consumer. j It: is the opinion of your com mittee that the number of com mercial sizes of prunes be reduced from 11 to not exceed 4, by way of illustration to be named as fol lows: SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRA LARGE. CTo this end we recommend suitable ! legislation directing: the state board of hort iculture or other suitable agency to meet annually at some suitable time; before packing begins and after investigations,, prescribe '.the number of prunes to the . pound for each of such grades for that season's crop. Said act should direct such board to make such standardization annually after due investigation and survey so that in the judgment of the board,' as nearly as possible of that sea son's crop be graded as EXTRA LARGE,. of that season's crop, be graded as LARGE, of that season's crop be graded as MEDIUM, of that season's crop be graded as SMALL, said percentages to be definitely fixed by the act, and fixing penalties for branding packages with the above grade names that have more, prunes to the pound than pre scribed by the order of said board. Dried prunes water - content should be standardized. . . , - . ''- " Cherries The cherry acreage In kPol county is, about 1000. The aver age production probably .-is 1500 pounds, j The approximate value of an acre of a bearing cherry or chard Is 'around $650. The 'cost of production not less than 7 V& cents. - No . increased planting of Royal Anns is recommended at present. Bings and Lamberts should not be planted unless their fresh ship ping qualities are proven. - Efforts to Increase the yields of existing plantings by better cul tural methods, adequate pollena tion 1 and more thorough insect and disease control Is urged. : No cherries should be permitted to be shipped out of the state in their : fresh .state unless sprayed for the cherry maggot and state inspected before shipping. ?.-; Pears Polk county 'grows very few pears. Her 250 acres produced 20,000 bushels in 1923. This av erage yield of only 80 bushels is away below a profitable , one,: It should at least be' increased 50. Hundreds of tons of Bartletts are shipped into Salem and other Polk county markets annually. Well grown Bartlett pears in this county are superior! to most and equal to any for canning purposes. For that reason, the acreage jot Bartletts in Polk county, should be increased. Winter varieties, such asAnjou, Bosc and Winter Nellis- can be satisfactorily grown and 'may be advantageously planted if planted in large enough blocks to insure can lot quantities for shipping. ' ' - . Apples Polk county's 1600 acres of ap ples produce about 95,000 bushels annually. An average production of only 60 bushels per acre. The cost, of, producing and equipping an acre of apples Is at least 650, The cost of producing a box of ap ples is something over fl. -. . - For these reasons, orchards which cannot - be ..economically made to produce an average pro duction of 150 boxes per acre 'should be removed. - , I No . new plantings : should be made, except to fill out an econ omic unit. Yellow Newtons, Gravensteins. Grimes Golden, Winter ' Bananas and Kings are suitable varieties for this county. Kuta Moderate plantings of walnuts and filberts is advisable in this county. 1 Plantings should be made upon deep; ' well drained lands only.; frost, free locations are necessary for walnuts. , Plantings should be made from most satisfactory varieties: Franquette Walnuts and Bar celona Filberts. Walnuts;.. should be grafted to root stocks of northern California black walnuts. Eleven to 16 of filbert plant ings should be pollenizers. - Uniform grades should be es- .1.. ...t.. - 1 - . " ,nf-iii nln mini 'inin" wiHiiwwiMM iiinf inniii i.iini. ih,i lyi i. mmmiiii' ihiimih iMi- r' "i MniiniMimiiiiiiiii i . niiiiinii i i i i- . .. ; : i sSlrrrsfir1 2&2 jMyiHiiwiMuiwnrnHiiiinrjnnsniwini nil" 1 1 iw kh " wrrw mnin'ifiniii wti i ii rn i " nfi- n ; irr kh urn t ""' ' p,'"f' "t"- nnMmmMtM wwm pp.. .. lfi 1,,1. .j)iiii.ii...u..i.wiwi''.wjuwiwiw'-i'u-u-ir .niiimuiiiniiwiiiii inuu..-x i . 1 j n n rrr "" "--f-rnt - .k....n...ti.iu.ihiiiiiiiuMiiiittuiiii)i..nmi j ' 1 . . ; , . I : ' - f 1 i t- - .J. ...... V ..- ........ -. p- . ..... f . ...... ... .... COUHTY IS URGED Entire Valley Complete With Exception of Marion and r Part of Lane With only one more season's work ahead, the Oregon Agricul tural college soil survey of - the entire Willamette valley wili be competed with the exception of Marion county.; Lane ; county is being surveyed at present and this work fshoud toe completed" early next year. 1 ' Because of . the great demands tor these surveys from other coun ties, Salem real estate dealers, mortgage firms and Others ( are being urged to write to OACand request the survey next year. ' ' Soil surveys, with detailed maps are held " of vital importance by the real estate dealers. Because of the great demand, immediate action must be taken if the survey is to be completed next year,! Un less, the matter is taken lip.' at once, Marion county will find it self at the tail end and without a survey until other counties have been surveyed. 1 Another Insurance Firm ; , Will Operate in Oregon Information is received from Insurance . . ; Commissioner Will Moore that license has been issued to the Ohio Farmers Insurance company of Le Roy, Ohio, for the writing ; of 'fff e insurance in Ore gon ' - This company was incorporated by special act of the General As- tablished and enforced. Marketing should be through a central agency, devoted exclu sively to "marketing nuts. , : Small Fruits About; 650 acres of small fruits are produced in-Polk county. Red raspberries, evergreen olackberr ries, black cap raspberries, strawt berriek, loganberries, gooseberries and currants can be economically grown 'in the county. Red' raspberries, evergreen blackberries, black cap raspber ries and canning strawberries may be safely planted as the demand Shrubs for Different Purposes ' The - skillful "gardner plans to have a succession of color through as long a season as possible. : He selects, his shrubs to make a long flowering season. The gardner who doe not make some little study, in planning his garden or landscape usually finds that he has a ."feast or famine" proposi tion. He has a burst of flowers at one season and none at other times. - l - Knowing the season of blossom ing, one is able to select shrubs that will produce a succession of flowers and that will at the same time fill one's needs in other res pects such as to heighth and fall coloring of leaves. In the following list are spring flowering plants: 1 " Forsythie-Golden bells, Oregon Grape,1 Deutzia, Lilacs, Honey suckles, Van Houtte Spirea, Thun bergi spirea, "Snowball -" Japanese and common," Japanese barberry. Red Flowering currant,' 'Peony, Iris; Roses. - : : Following are mid-season' . or summer flowering plans. Hydran gea, arborescens hills of snow, Weigelia,' Mock Orange Holly hocks, Phlox. These , are fall -sor late summer blooming:'! Buddeia-butterfly bush, Hydrangea, P. G., Hydran gea Ot&ksa the blue and pink varieties, Spirea Anthony Waterer Spirea- Callosa rubra, Tamarix, Caryopteris-blue "spirea, Gladio lus, Gallardla, Dahlia. 4 .Some gardners attemp to carry out color combinations and arrive at beautiful results where their selections are happy. Some bor ders may combine certain colors at one 'season and others at other seasons. The following produce early flowers of pink or red shad es. Double flowering . almond prunus tribola; pink tartaria honeysuckle; red flowering cur rant; peony. . : Early flowering yellow flowers are prwoduced by golden bells, Oregon .grape and Japanese bar berry. Early white f lowers may be' had on deutzia,, white ' lilac, Morrows honeysuckle, spirea Van Houtte and spirea Thunbergi and snowballs.',; :Vi :!'-"'': The iris and purple lilac furnish early blue r purple color, i Buddleia, caryopteris and Micha elmas daisy furnish fall colors of blue or purple, while spirea Anth ony Watere, Spirea Callosa rubra and dahlia add reds to the fall landscape. - The planter may paint his own landscape by his selection of plant materials sembly of the state ot Ohio under the name of "The Farmers Mutual Fire Insurance company of Medi no county, Ohio," in 1848. In 1851 the name was changed to "Ohio Farmers Mutual Fire In surance company," in 1862 was again changed to "Ohio Farmers Insurance company," which name remains to the present: Although this company is organized as a mu tual corporation they have been issuing stock policies fo' over 40 years. REALTY BUSINESS Official Count Is Made by W. A. Mullen, Deputy State Commissioner - .'There are in Salem 88 active licensed real estate operators, ac-j cording to W. A. Mullen, deputy state real estate commissioner. 1 ' In the last two years there have been no sworn complaints filed against any of these and the local men have been found to begone of the most successful cooperative groups in the Btate. The harmony which prevails here, it is said, is due to the high type of men and women, engaged in the business in Marlon and Polk counties. ; Scientific principals .for the benefit of clients have been dev eloped to a high grade of efficien cy, Mr. Mullen said, j One of the outstanding features of this is the soil survey. Business Location Sold by Larmer During Week Through -a transaction handled by the W-. H. Grabenhorst & com-i pany and the Childs & Bechte' SALEM IS 88 1 I I I V I f 1 f I 1 i III! II I I II t I M I I I I II IN THE STONE AGE days man s existence was aided only by a few crude tools fashioned, from stone. As a result his mode of living was equally crude. :, Today his inventions and machines are, legion; arid a civilized state of being is the result. ' '-.-' Some garages are in the Stone Age period of existence. They have not the necessary tools and equipment to work rapidly and efficiently. , ; - 7 But ,our complete equipment including valve facing machines, lathes, cylinder reboring machines, drills, presses, i welding outfits, etc., save you money through better, efficient jworkmanship and lower repair bills. Let Our Equipment Serve You ; J . " -i . - ' : -! . - . - f - . .. ' . Wm'm AitioiiSe (Go. recking Car All Hours . 235 S. Commercial Open Day and Night Phone 362 rearestatef firms this j week. D. A. Larmer has sold his property ad joining th4 YMCA building oh the north to James Imlalh and Fred Klrkwood. The consideration was $5500. ' " '' ';; '"j " The property has aj frontage of 71 m ,77 masSffln GIVE SOMETHING ELECTRICAL Something appropriate and useful will constantly remind one of the giver 5 . BROWNELL ELECTRIC CO. 397 STATE '.. 5.1 Pays 19 feet on North Commercial and a depth of 165 feet. - , A small brick building occupies the front part of the property. . It ! under stood that the property. was pur-, chased, as an investment. c, . i'.Hk. vtp . , niOXE 953