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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 27, 1923)
THE OREGON STATESMAN, SALEM, OREGON -T ;i:-OWFCO:-' Broom handles, racp han dles, paper plc-s, teat tog rjlea, all klaij ct hardwood handles, manufactured fcy the ..; Oregon YJodd : Products Co. S'ELLI NG SALEM DISTRICT eat a rLAir: . . : W J 1 ) 1 BOY ATI ; AND Realize tho Uirrcrcnce - . ....... ' VICKBROS. : QUAUTY.CAI15 niCH ST. AT XILU33 . Dates of Slogans in Daily Statesman (In Twice-a-Week Loganberries, Oct. 4. Prunes, Oct. 11. " , , : Dairying. Oct. 18. Flax, Oct, 25. Filberts, Nor. 1, . Walnuts, Nor. 8. " ' V i Strawberries, Nor. 15. Apples, Not. 22. . Raspberries, Nor. 21. Mist, December. 6. , Great cows,' etc. Dee. IS. Blackberries, Dec 20. Cherries, Dec. 27. Pears. Jan.tS, if 24. Gooseberries; Jan. 10. Corn Jan; 17. r - . : Celery, Jan. 21. Spinach, etc, Jan. SI. v , Onions, etc., Feb. 7.' 1 Potatoes, etc, Feb. 14. V Bees, Feb. 21. ' Poultry and pet stock, Feb. Goats, March 6. Beans, etc, March IS. Pared highways. March 2 0. Broccoli, etc, March 27 " , Silos, etc, April S. Legumes, April 10. Asparagus, etc, April 17. Grapes, etc, April 24. Statesman Following Day). Drug garden. May 1. Sugar beets, sorghum, etc. May 8. Water powers. May 15. m i Irrigation. May 22. - Mining, May 29. .Land, Irrigation, etc.; Jane 6. . Dehydration, Jane 12. Hops, cabbage, etc., Jane 19. Wholesaling and Jobbing Jane 2S. Cucumbers, etc, July Sa - " Hogs, July 10. i - City beautiful, etc, July 17. Schools, etc, July 24. Sheep, July 81. f National advertising, Aug. 7. Seeds, etc, Aug. 14. Livestock. Aug. 21. ; .. Automotive Industry, Aug. 28. Grain and grain products, Sept. 4. 4 . - 28. Manufacturing. Sent. 11. Woodworking, etc, Sept. 18. Paper mills, etc, Sept. 25. (Back copies of the Thursday editions Ut the Dally Oregon Statesman are on hand. They are for sale at 10 cents each, mailed to any address. Current copies, 5c) A CHERRY FRANCHISE TOO The Salem 'district has what amounts to a franchise on many products- . . . . On flax, filberts, blade raspberries, mint, Evergreen blackberries, Oregon gooseberries, etc., etc., and can produce a lot of other things to greater advantage and at larger profits than other sections- And this district Has what amounts to a a franchise on sweet cherries; especially; Royal Anns For the production of sweet cherries on a commercial scale is confined to this coast, excepting for a few localities in Michi gan And the Salem district is the best sweet cherry section of this coast-: v.- Has the cheapest land and the best land for large and quality production; has the right combination of soil and sunshine and showers. mhy Motor Go 2C3 NcrtS TOH Strttl Plies 15:3 Bacst This CcsaczUy. by Aircxugins ca itm DID YOU KNOW that Salem is the "Cherry City of the Worlds" and that she is entitled to this proud distinction by reason of the fact that she is the market' place and head quarters of the best cherry country known with a cherry industry already large but capable of indefinite expansion; that, with the proper, pollenizer and with bees to carry the pollen, cherries in the Salem district are a sure crop; that they are a profitable cropr the industry inviting; men of brains and brawn from the wide world; and that in sweet cherries this district has what amounts to a franchise? sold izvzT'.nmr z Buttercup Icg Cream Cc. P,lLGnEGOny,i:jr. 240 South ComaercU Zl, i ISi G. Coal U TLz-i w FAl UMG CO. CASCADE BRAND HAMS, BACON AND LARD Inspected SALEM, OREGON i CLLDTIO PnODLEKS BROUGHT : t,:;; to date: a letter wii Mm TO STUDY! ; fi t fli Gil jr .j Sweet Cherry Growing in the United States on a Commer- c:ui ici2 is rrccucany . Limited to tne Rawtic Coast, been brought out tXCCSt fCT Limited rJlStricts n r ich man flnrt flnlv w" warrant the j - - -" - - - -mrm I x . . to ths Growing of This Fruit Editor Statesman: - Since the time Seth Lewellyn found the unnamed ; cherry - tree amon tla nnrsery"stbi'K' and nam ed It Ilcyal Anne, sweet cherries hare been.faYored by. the people oa the Pacific coast. Sweet cherry growls? on a commercial basis is practicallr limited to - the Pacific coast,: except for limited districts ia ths state of Michigan. J While the growing- of cherries' Is limited ta tha Pacific coast we find only certain portions of the Pacific coast especially adapted to the growing of this fruit.- ; Kced Defp, Rich Soil Cherries are partial' to a deep, friable soil that is fertile and well drained. As they bloom- rather "arly frost protection is very im portant, and ' for this ' purpose a slope well afcove the valley floor is the- best for frost protection, In a location like this the cold air would naturally flow to the lower level, " thus forming a - natural drainage for the protection against frost.': The very nature ' of the tree, with Its big, vigorous growth indicates necessity for fertile soil, and correspondingly hold the growth of the tree. In the same way a 'tow water table is es- sential, as a high water table will choice or, kill off the lower -root system, so that the tree will be un able to draw moisture from' . the lower depth of the soil during the latter 'part - of the summer .when moisture la -1 so necessary. " At tempts to grow on wet lands will be failures from this cause. i; ; : r Set TTWe Apart In the earlier plantings cherries were set 20 feet apart Experi ence has shown- since then that a distance of 30 to 35 feet is far better, while some' districts, like The Dalles, are occasionally set ting the trees 40 feet apart. : The cherry tree will In time use op all the space, but of course it will bo some time before the greater dis tances and spaces are fully util ized. . ' i ' lYe Blazzard Stock To get the large, vigorous tree the use of Mazzard stock for, bud ding or grafting onto has become prevalent. This ', stock is practi cally immune to cherry, gummosis. where they are grown. In those I can. Black Tartarian, Long Stem districts specializing in early cner- J med Waterhouse, Centennial, Coe, ries, the Early Purple, Black Tar-(Elton, Black Oregon and Norma tarianand similar varieties are of I have given good results by cross value. In the Willamette ?aley, pollination we cannot recommend where the cannery trade Is the the varieties, for cross pollination great outlet, ' the Royal Anne by the varietal name.' ; We do not makes np the bulk of the planting, recommend any variety unless the The Ding or Lambert have a much specific trees from which propagat smaller place In this section. . at ling wood is taken have been test- least until ways have been devised fed experimentally or have 'been of successfully canning these var- proven in the field by the crop-set ietles. Up to- the present time no I on the Royal Anne, Bing, or Lam- way has yet been devised or has I bert. It is not difficult to find a publicly that Royal Anne, Bing or Lambert tree bearing a good crop and be ing poUenlzed by some individual tree or variety. This Is the best criterion as to the source of prop agation wood for pollenizing var ieties. -. This method may. seem slow and cumbersome, but it Is the sure method of obtaining varieties and Lambert have a larger place hat are Sranteed to set fTOH.pn nd-nk n tf'Mrw nart or thi 1 mhw.,,.o mum planting. They essentially are alBP the question of cross pollina- frh trait far tt hfnnln trrl wo " ca oe Biaiea. -mjkj, nyr districts making a specialty : of 3?!? L N4E. BUT carload shipments' of fresh cher- cannerymen, put- some seasons the loss from the canned Bing or Lam bert is very heavy, Bing and Lambert for Shipping In districts like The Dalles and 5acj I Cove, where shipping of fresh fruit is a much larger factor, the Bing ries. .,- . - '. . ; . Pollination Problems In the past one or the biggest i drawbacks of the cherry Industry was the failure of cherry orch ards to bear good crops. As ! planted in home orchards these cherries were usually very much mixed, finding several different varieties In any one home garden, and as a' consequence ' ail bore ! PERFORMANCE. OR ACCORD INO TO EXPERIMENTAL TESTS." ... One In Nine In laying out an orchard . the pollenizers should be reduced to a minimum number, about one ' In nine. This makes every third tree In every third row a pollenizer. with no tree to be pollenized more than two trees distant from the pollenizer. None of the polleniz- welL In putting out commercial I era approach the Bing. Lambert, plantings only the best were se-1 or Royal Anne in commercial val ry to settle, If possible, the pol lination question, concerning the varieties being propagated and used In Oregon. , J - The Cherry Fly In some districts the - cherry fruit fly has given trouble, par ticularly on the Bing and Lambert. This' insect can be controlled by poison baits as outlined in Ex periment Station Circular No. 35. This circular can be obetined by writing to the Experiment Station at Corvallis. and It will be found that this circular contains full di rections for the control of the In sect. . - '-UH ': -" 4 - i- . , f C. E. SCHUSTER. Corvallis, Oregon, , ? v . Dec. 22. 1923.V 'I'M: i ' V: (Prof. . Schuster, Is- associate professor of pomology of the Ore gon Agricultural college. He is a high authority, and the above let ter, written, especially for this an nual Slogan number, and which he entitles "Cherries, , will be carefully read and studied by all of our growers, even the experi enced ones, to say nothing of the beginners and prospective cherry growers. Circular No. 35, which he mentions, is considered of suf ficient value to the Industry here, by the Slogan editor, to print its text in full, and it will be found in this morning's Issue. Ed.) . . HIE Hi IDES IU a GIIEHRY GROB OVER FALL FRUITS ! Saturday evening, having; covered 7255' miles! and having . crossed through 1 4 states. 4 ! 1 I want to teU you not. because, you happen tV live- in 'Oregon but' because1 it Is a - fact, that there was not ' one state in the entire trip in which we - found i universally as good roads as we found in the state of Oregon. - We -.also feel as well pleased if not better pleased with parts of Oregon we drove through than we were with any other state west of the Rockies. . . . We are sending under separate cover a little package for each of yon which please accept with our best wishes." . v ' .- ; v "Will Be an Oregonlan s Mr. liongcor says Mr. and Mrs. Rnmbold ' were so well bleased at what they found In Salem and In the country surround ng this city that they told him they expected. at no distant day, to become resi dents of Oregon, and of this part ! of Oregon. . , - . - . . . , The Rumbolds are lair, samples of many tourists who visit t section. Some of them are re: to pitch their tents here an! their fortunes among us at c while others with interei.3 home that they1 cannot clc. 3 1 readily must defer their ccr:: But the lure of the land cZ v versity and the country of cr tunlty remains -with all ot t: or' with all of them with e;. elation and vision and undrsti:; ing. ;. 7 ' Atto Lleetria . c :.:: 1TX O. Commercial LU Less Care. Needed; Not Many Cherry Enemies; and There ; Is a Market Ready for the Grower, and His Respons ibility Is Ended When He Makes His Delivery Each j Evening to the Buyer It - n.'ll lected. like the Napoleon or Royal Anne, Bing and . Lambert,- but when put out in solid block3 of any one variety or combinations 1 of these trees, the resulting crops were failures and disappointments. Nothing was known as to the real cause of this. Many conjectures j ue, so should be used as sparingly as experience nas shown possible. . Graft in Old Orchards With an old orchard that needs pollination- it will be necessary to graft In the proper material. In doing this make the cuts aa small were made, and different methods! as possible. This will mean mak- not only a' soil that Is naturally so the trunk and: lower part on fertile. but .one in "which: the fer tility is maintained . at " a 'H high point. ' 'More and more it is being impressed upon the growers that the use of manure and cover crops la essential for heavy crops of the cherries. Although the fruit ma tures. early in the season the de velopment of the fruit buds .and the Etoring ; up I pl surplus- plant food for . , the . development . and bloonin-r the coming season. Is carried ca in the latter part of the season, and for that purpose It Is necessary that the soil maintain a good supply of moisture and be supplied with a plentiful amount of plant food.. In this way v the use of . fertilizers, and especially cover crops, is. beneficial, as .the cover crops' add much humus as well as plant food. ' : ; Wet Land Not Good Belng'deep rooted. the trees do their best In a deep soil, at least four feet In : depth. Shallower soils than this tend to cramp the development of the root system. , the scaffold limbs can- be develop-. ed from the Mazzard stock; bud ding or grafting . onto the limbs td form the top with the sweet cherry variety. ? If gummosis does attack the limbs of this top it cannot kill the whole tree, as was so common when the trunk of. the sweet cherry variety. Besides the resistance to cherry gummosis, it is a more vigorous stock. used to bring- the' orchards into bearing. Since then " experiments have Ing more cuts and setting many more grafts, but anything - over two and one-half or three inches shown the Royal Anne. Bing. and in diameter ought not to be graft- Lambert are not only self unfruit ful but that also Inter unfrultfuL They will not bear when pollinat ed from their own pollen, or from the pollen of either one Of the other two varieties. It is not the result of poor vitality, for the pol ed if it Is possible to make sever al smaller cuts farther out, setting more grafts. Wounds of a small er size heal over readily, but the larger wounds are very slow In healing, and under the climatic conditions found in .western Ore gon, especially, heart rot finds len of any one of these varieties The Mahafeb r7ot haa'a certain ? T?!" "j "? S 21! In order to insure a good, comiaer clal set of fruit it is necessary to provide cross pollination by other varieties. This was the treatment of the old home planting, with a mixture of varieties. 1 -:'". r Formerly ; recommendat Ions tendency towards dwarfing the top. ; . During the series of dry years just gone I through, it was possible to find orchards on both Mahal eb and Mazzard roots where the Mazzard roots developed trees that were invariably the healthiest and most vigorous, . The ones on . Jl ' A u. t . J the Mahaleb roots, In comparison I T ma" fl f" ""? ,.. .. . ' .v -I for cross pollination . but often were usually less vigorous and suffering considerably from the dry weather. ffV;r:i -i Royal Anne fTas Lead The varieties used depend some what on the part of - the state these varieties recommended fail ed to give satisfaction. This . no doirbt arose from the fact that a variety would not be ; true to name; for instance, there is Ino advisable to graft over, the whole tree at one time, but rather graft one-half or one-third of the tree each season, taking two. to three years for the operation. Grafting over the whole tree at one time Is too great a shock for the tree, often resulting in its death. Place for Sour Cherries . Considerable attention has been directed to sour cherries at times. There is, without question, a place for sour cherries, but not to as great an extent as with the sweet kztjs, r.:rt. ho:.iebuilder : 13 the "CC3T, SAFEST. STRONGEST, end. In the Ions ran, the CHEAPEST iraterLtl cut of which to build your L:zi?. . : . i . . - '. . - It U rmSTD CLAY HOLLOW ETJILD I.Wi ZLLZZ It Insures Fire-Safety Health and Comfort, t . JLx!z for Catalcj and Booklet of nans. GALnri mien tile co. rxlcia. Cretin. - . Phone C17 1 . he t - j . . -. ,. .. - - . . '1 V question nut jwnat. mere are many cherries. Sour cherries are being auiereni types 01 mac, ananan very heaTjIy planted In the eastern or Black Republican scattered part of the United States and will throughout the state. The same Klve comoetition to sir mat-Hal is nndountediy true or otner w-lshlpped In. Raising enough sour ietiesM and seems to oe raucn cherries to , supply western mark worse vim me seconaary varie- etg. and as f ar ; east as freight ties tnan in me main varieties. ratea will allow it. will mik thiTn In the past the nurserymen could profitable, but planting to such an propagate from the seedling siml- extent that it will be neceasarr to lar to these varieties, and in sell- .i0 the canned i nrodnre t a Mr ing do no harm to the purchaser by the- substitution. It Is very easy to find seedlings Identical to our regular varieties,. or so.ciose to : them that experts' cannot dis tinguish between them. Some of these types are of value In cross eastern cities will cut the profit heavily. . --- Th& Large Montmorency Is the best variety for planting.- From the tests carried on for three years this variety Is self-unfruitful, and should be inter planted with -some pollination ana otners are nueriy other varieties. Preliminary testa worthlea.S , ; " , . ' I indicate that under nnr rnnr)itlnna The Question Summed Up here the sour cherries are pretty As a . result of these conditions, I generally self-unfruitful, but read- the experiments the past year have ily cross pollenlze with any other tcca ccsf'ned to testics out treeajsour cherry that blooms at the cr f tocl;s of trees freni a comraca same time. Further ' work la be- I'Z carried A Salem district cherry grower enumerates a number of advant ages In cher.rjr growing. He says low cwst of production and a great er I margin of profit favor the cherry grower; that, unlike most other ..fruits grown in -the Wil lamette valley, the cherry does not require - extensive cultivation or pruning. Neither Is it necessary to spray frequently. A cherry orchard is not susceptible to many blights, scales and insect attacks Further, the cherry grower finds . a ready market for his fruit as soon ' as lt Is picked. ! ...1 ' .. 4 , , - ., -,r After ; a cherry orchard ; has reached maturity, or rather after it has begun to bear , a substan tlal crop, cultivation can b3 min imized. Thia is evident from the number of heavy producing trees growing in 1 , uncultivated door yards about the city. Many growers, after their orchards have reached the age of 12 to 15 years, cultivate only biennially and then only for the purpose of keeping down a heavy undergrowth of weeds. . .,.:. j. This does . not mean that the orchard would be damaged by ex tensive cultivation. On the con trary it might slightly increase the crop; It does mean, however, that a' cherry orchard will produce a good crop without cultivating to the point of diminishing returns as is often necessary for the grow er of fall fruits to secure anything like a, fair crop. A cherry tree pro duces Its' crop and forms the fruit bads for the following year while the. ground , is s yet thoroughly moistened - from the winter and spring rains Pruning in a cherry orchard is necessary only to remove dead limbs. 'Sometimes a tree will grow too rangy for convenient plckln and the grower will cut out tops or. long, limber limbs. This adds only to the convenience of picking and not to the productivity of the tree. ; If the tree has shaped pro perly from" the time of planting little or no pruning except for the removing of dead limbs will be re quired when the tree reaches ma turity. . v'i-i ' ;: .; yi; AXot Many Cherry Enemies ; -"Dp to this time cherry orchards have been surprisingly, free from the ravages of disease and insects. Slugs which2 at times attack the foliage of the tree 'and a cherry worm- most evident In ' the black and sour'-oherries are at times troublesome. One ' application of spray Is, however, sufficient to check these when ' they occur. GUmmosis, a brown wax: like se-1 and conceded to be caused by bac teria, is the most serious of all diseases affecting the cherry orch ard. 4 Spray will ; not check its ravages. Removing the affected portions with a knife seems to be the only means of combating gum mosis. Old trees are not so seri ously Injured by this disease, but even there It should be carefully watched and controlled. .- These three dangers, two caus ed by insects and one by bacteria, though serious are not nearly so numerous or any more disastrous In their attacks than the myriad ot other diseases and insects which are prevalent in -orchard produc ing other kinds ot fruit. Markets Are At Hand To sell cherries' It is not neces sary to sort and ship them nor to dry nor to pay, expensive storage costs in anticipation of higher prices. Long before the crop is ready to pick a host of buyers are clamoring for contracts which will Insure them the grower's en tire crop. - When the fruit is ready to pick the grower secures a crew of pickers pickers are usually available because the cherry crop is the first chance for some people to make money after a long win ter and proceeds to clean the orchard as he picks. - Each even ing the grower -hauls the fruit to the buyer and his responsibility for Its safety there ends. . - OUR diplomatic, po lite services meet with public approval. -The beautiful dignity that characterizes tha accomplishment , o f this organization is a symbol of respectful regard. T -11AIU0!: . Tha "Lzrzzzt fcni i Z : Ccrspkta Uzziz; Orcca Out cf rcr 1! VebV & Clca-h Co. . FUMiBJLL DlRECTOnd' 499 Court Et, fala. rkoaa 120 : Dricd FrzIlPr::.: C21 S. EJb Et C Cr. Always la tha crci Z.zz dried frultj cf Ui. r SUBJECT IS . THE PEAR GIB OUSIW WILL SDOfJ BECOME ii GOOD B A Veteran Real -Estate Man of Chicago Looks For ward to Settling Here crel!:n from tie truri of the tree tour.-.; -We arrived hem? ca last E. H. Rumbold, who has been a real estate dealer in Chicago for 60 years, was a visitor in Salem daring the glorious days of last July. He became acquainted with J. J. Longcor ; and Mrs. Carrie Phillips, Mr. Longcor's niece, out in Salem's southern suburbs, on Route 4, Box 7 B, and under date of December 21 Mr. Rumbold wrote a ' letter to these Oregon friends' he made on his trip, from his office at:24 W. 14th street, West Pullman, Chicago, . from which letter the following ex cerpts are taken: We have by no means forgot- en the kind .hospitality extended bv von both when -t 1 JL Licensed Lady .Embalmer to care for - women and children is a necessity in all funeral homes. We arc ' the only ones furnishing nch, service. ' 4 .' .f: v Tervilliger Funeral Home ; Tt Chesnaketa St, Phone 72 Balesn, Oresoa nOVISTIIE7i::2!! To look 'after "your hs st ing plants and see that it U in good order, or If yon ra going to need a new cse. This Is the 'trrrc;r!:t; time to buy it I ; TILEO 1.2. DATJI ' ie s. Co ai Et. , , The Saleht district is ths best sweet clicrr; country on the globe; the industry has a c - - future, - w" ' '- ' UnnnaTy School Helps and j : . Supplies ' 'Tour order will be "given ' PROMPT attenu'oa- ' The J. J. I Crap s Company, ' , Kent S. Kraps, Mgr. Co, 3 .-. - . Eiliii, , Crf--i OUR TREES Cr rffally Grown Carc." Seiected Carcful!y I : WI3 Give F,al2 ractl. i ta t cc::?a::