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SECOND NEWS SECTION,
Pages I to i
SLOGAN PAGES, GENERAL!
NEWS AND CLASSIFIED
SEVENTY-THIRD' YEAR I
SALEM, OREGON, THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 30, 1923
PRICE FIVE CENTS
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THE mBRKEiri
Dr. L. D. Scarborough Has:147 Acres jn Bearing, and He
Gives Close Attention to the Industry and Keeps Up
: With , Improvements anrj Maintains the Fertility
I of the Soil 1 .
-j (Following is a very interesting
article copied from the August
Issue of 0o Oregon Grower, the
official magazine of the Oregon
Growers Cooperative ' associa
tion:) - v. :
One of the pioneer prone grow
ers of the state is Dr. I D Sear-
brough of Creswell. v He has add
ed to nisi holdings until his orch
ard Is now the largest - in' Lane
county.. When. a, prunes grower
boasts of 1 0 8 tunnels in his four
I driers used entirely f to' handle his
own crop, the writer maintains
DK. Ij. D. SCARCllorGH
that he Is "some" 'prune grow
er, f v;
, Dr. Scarbrough Is perhaps, the
' only grower in Oregon -who oper
ates his own packing plant in ad
dition to his . driers. In fact, as
. president of the : Creswell .Fruit
Bank his bank -he probably, fin
ancea his own growing, drying and
packing operations. We venture
v the opinion that--there -are seV
' tral hundred, other growers In the
state just now who wish that they
owned a bank. ; . . ;
- The - Scarbrough -, orchard lies In
the bottom a mile south of Cres-
: welL s This town ts ; in the ex
treme .south end of, the Wlllam-
ette valley. The sou Is some"
, what gravelly,, .but.onf the whole
is adapted to prune culture. There
are now 1 4 7 acres in bearing. The
original planting .of 25 acres was
. made .35 years ago. One hundred
- twenty-two acres ; more 'were set
; out in 1900 and 1901. '
"I can say that I have netted
fully le a pound more on an aver
age by selling through coopera
tive organizations, the veteran
prune man " said to' the writer,
"than by selling through private
j, channels." Dr. Scarbrough's ex
perience in selling his own crop
through the packers long ago con
;- vinced him' of the need of a pack
, ing plant of his own. This was
. before the advent of a state wide
marketing organizations. He
packed his first -crop ; In '", 1916
--'t with-some improvised machinery
in the old cannery building. He
obtained the packing " profit - of
'He a pound : on 590,000 pounds
of prunes that year. The next
: year he built a - modern f. prune
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GREAT POWERS DEPOSIT RATIFICATIONS FOR PEACE ON HIGH SEAS.
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. . Kcene at the Diplomatic Room of the State Department in Washington whert five men, rep-
"'-resenting the great Powers of the world, recorded the final approval of the .PoweTs for the
" treaties drafted by the arms conference te end naval competition terminated the Anglo-Japa
nese alliance and. swept away the war clouds that have"; boveTed for decades over the Pacific.,
, . - ,-- Scrapping of the ships, which is to nrfect the United States, England and Japan, is to begin at
once and be completed before six months. Italy and France are not affected In the scrapping
' J program. Photo shows,' left to right, Signor' Augnsto' Rosso for Italy,' Mr; RV G. Chilton .for
', Great BriUin, Mr. Charles Evan Hughes for the United SUtes, M. Andre de la Boulaya f or
JfTnc and lr. Zlasanao
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packing plant costing some $9000
or $10,000. It was about 19.16
that he traveled up to Salem tot
see Robert Paulus, then manager
of the Salem Fruit Union, and
formed - a ' friendship . which has
lasted through the ups and downs
of the business ever, since.
The Salem Fruit Union . hand
led his crop of half a mill-ion lbs.
or more up to the formation of
the Oregon Growers Cooperative
association - in 1920'. ,
Dr. L. D. Scarbrough was one
of the , first to join and has re
mained one of the : staunchest
members He claims , to - have
made ' at! least $4000 a year; by
selling collectively. There are
few of the tricks or schemes used
by private buyers . which Scar-
brongh is not familiar with.
, "I was burned as often as any,':
he said, j "until I had sense
enough to join an , organization
working i or tthe good of.xhe grow
ers themselves and not a few "pri
vate owners." , . , :
He has 108 tunnels in his four
large driers. Last year he add
ed a battery of four No. 9 Multi
vane fans.: lie spent $3500 in in
stalling a recirculation system ad
vocated by the Oregon Experiment
Station, j One 30 h. p. motor oper
ates the four fans. He claims the
innovation , was a - complete sue
cess. ; Fifty per cent less would
was consumed to the ton of dried
fruit. He - has- $15,000 Invested
in prune driers. J
Dr. Scarbrough is an advocate
of- good horticulture,' maintaining
a system of cover cropping, early
plowing. Intensive cultivation and
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Orchard and -Peking
House of .
Pr. L. I). Scarbrough
'- )
nitrate fertilization. He plows
every other row each ; year, thlis
disturbing only half of the feeder
roots annually. Whether this Is
actually of value Is probably not
yet proven scientifically, but cou
pled with an annual, cover crop of
vetch and oats in the plowed strip
with an annual application of ni
trate It certainly has been giving
results. -:. -
. Plowing close to bloom time is
apt to cause one-third of ; the
prunes to fall off," He says.
'Earlyj plowing regardless of the
in ' i ' r-iri: r-t" "'"",t""
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5 . f 4 '2 if ,
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Ilamhara for Jar
tern
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condition of "the cover crop "is of
prime value." I
lie started his fertilizer experi
ments in 1916 by using 6000 lbs,
of nitrate In four- blocks. The re
sult was startling and one half of
the orchard was fertilized the next
yean , In 1920 and each I year
since a full car' of nitrate-has been
used on the orchard, worth a
thousand dollars ,a car. In 11919
he added six tons of acid phos
phate to the nitrate and feels that
the operation Jald.; '-"
In 1920 the Oregon. Growers'
Cooperative association leased' his
packing plant and engaged him to
operate it. Last year1 over a mil
lion pounds of prunes were pack
ed in his plant. :- ! ,
Some Timely Suggestions
From a California Author
: ity, Applying Here
The following is by Henry W.
Kruckeberg, the poultry writer,
in the Los Angeles Times of last
Sunday:' r ! ', 1 . .
In culling the flock for prodnc
tive and ? profitable specimens,
mere physical measurements are
not the only thing to use as a safo
guide. To our way of thinking
activity andtgood ' chicken yard
habits are of equal importance. If
physical measurements were the
only points, ' one might just as
well say that tall men are good
workers, and .short men are" lazy.
As bearing - on 1 this Y particular
phase of culling , Roy -White of
Tulare declared in a recent Inter
view, that hens as well as humans
must be judged : Dy the character
that underlies outward indica
tions, s Any poultry man with
the interests of : his i business at
heart can tell more about - pro
ductiveness by "watching 1 - his
hens In the lyard .'tlian'i he can
by . fhe ' , measurement i , of pelvic
bones. The head and the eye
of. the hen tells more about
her annual productiveness than
the remainder of her body and
we would not think of; cull
ing i without knowing something
of individuality indicated, by her
Industry and character as denoted
by head and neck. . The head re
veals vital factors that body mea
surements do not. " Among them
are vigor, vitality; and that nerv
ous, high-bred temperatment pe
culiar to aU animals and fowls
of - superior; quality, j Body mea
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THE ! CULLING OF I
FLOCK COMES FW
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1T0M0T1
IDUSIES AGCOUriT
FOR SOME 200 STATE EMPLOYEES
Large and Permanent Payrolls ancj Growing Numbers
? of People Here in Salem Due to Commonwealth Super
vision and Activities Connected With the Running and
Repairrig of Cars and Trucks and Tractors, Etc.
There were in the month of
July 75 people employed In the
shops of the state of Oregon, con
nected with the state - highway
department, at the end of State
street, near the penitentiary. The
state shops are complete in equip
ment and personnel j for the re
building auto repairing -of auto
mobiles and trucks and machin
ery of all kinds used by the state
highway department. They are
permanent. They will be here as
long as Oregon builds or repairs
state highways and this means
forever.1;-' -- . .. ;
In the state highway .depart
ment offices in the capitol -42
people were employed in July.
In the testing laboratory, 6 po-
ple. That makes a total of 123.
In the automobile offices of
the secretary of state, having su-
perviison over the collection of
licenses and taxes paid by auto
owners and machinery run with
surements indicate the next im
portant things digestive '" powers
general health and capacity. Both
are vital, but without the Industry
and maternity indicated in the
head and eye, the body is.- like
so much obsolete machinery
good only for wrecking purposes.
Anyone may learn .to cull poul
try properly by carefully studying
them during the entire day.
Those first to leave the roost in
the mornings are generally the
greatest producers, i , Assuming
that the f lock is not overfed,
those that are stil hungry, after
the morning feed and remain
keenly searching for grubs, bits
of shell -or green feeds after the
other fowls have sought the shade
are all producers and the best
producers In the ' flock. Having
picked tne best type of layer. Use
her for a sample to grade and
call the others by. Sometimes
It is difficult to feir'whTcbTIB tEe
better of two or even ten fowls,
hence where one hag a large flock,
it may be advisable to market
', 30 or 50 per cent, and there
will be little difficulty in picking
out the best. Always eliminate i
culls first, and if In doubt, cull
two or three times in as many
weeks, watching the individual
members in. the meantime.
Linn County Interested in
Plan Adapted to Areas
Having Small Herds ; .
A new type of cow testing as
sociation especially well adapted
to ; dairy districts having numer
ous small herds has been project
ed in Linn county under the lead
ership of C. A. Heyman, county
agent, according to a current bul
letin of the department, of indust-
trial Journalism of the Oregon Ag
ricultural college.
From 1600 to 180X) cows can
be handled by one tester regard
less of the number of herds. It
has not been possible heretofore
to handle more than 26 to . 35
herd, regardless of the number of
cows. With smal herds the cost
per cow for testing has ben pro
hibitive, so there are no cow test
ing associations in the Willamette
valley and somo other-dairy dis
tricts. '
"This new type has been used
satisfactorily in Whatcom county.
Wash., for seven months," says
N. C. Jamison, dairy specialist for
the college extension service.
"Members are grouped in routes
of about 200 cows each, The test
er goes out one day on a route
and leaves sample bottles with
members, who take their owjn
samples for one day and at the
same: time make a record of
weights of feed used that - day.
These are gathered up by ' the
tester the following day and tak
en to a central - laboratory for
testing, each member being se.:t
at 6ace a statement of the test
of his - cows. On the next visit
each member is given an - up-to-
date record for each of his cows
showing what they produced, the
feed consumed, the amount and
value of production and the quan
tity and cost of feed."
In 10 years of operation the
Tillamook cow ;. testing ' associa
tion-has brought up the average
of its cows to 331 pounds per
year. The state average is ap
proximately 170 pounds. Tilla
mook has three" associations -in
operation ' this year with . about
IMTESTK
- nciATionoD
3000 cows on test.
"f . " V :
gas, an average of 50 people is em
ployed. ' "
The secretary of state appoints
7 traffic officers;"- the highway
department 6, thea public service
commission 2,: and these 15 men
work out of the traffic department
of the office of the secretary of
state. There are 3 people! doing
the office work of the traffic de
partment. Around Two Hundred
The footing of the above fig
ures is 191.. The number is often
above that. Counting the men re
porting from various parts of the
state, 200 is not high enough for
the average. ' . ..;
Up to June 30th, 8748' passen
ger cars hadbeen- registered - and
paid licenses for Marion county;
and 881 trucks, and 194 motor
cycles. The figures for the same
in Polk county were at that date
2406, and 184, and 27. For
both counties, the numbers are
growing dayby day.
BACK LOT BREEDER
A Pasadena Man Who Is a
Success in Poultry Tells
of His Methods '
Christine Emery, writing In the
Los Angeles Times of last Sun
day, tells of an interview that will
interest Salem district back lot
breeders, of poultry: , .
"There!s money in the poultry
business,. if there wasn't;-! would
n't stay with it!" So declared
William- Corcoran, of 220 Stanton
avenue, . Pasadena, as he surveyed
his flock of, 600 White Leghorns
and Rhode Island Reds. 'Mr. Cor
coran spoke from an experience
of a great many years, r In Okla
homa, where space was cheap, he
kept 5000; hens. Here in Pasa
dena on a lot 50x169 feet, he has
kept-as many as 2500. At pres
ent the lot is occupied by a house
and lawn, a few fine walnut trees
and the 600 chickens, without be
ing overcrowded. Mr. Corcoran
inclines to the opinion that most
poultry - keepers give their hens
too .much liberty. " A profitable
medium between too- much space
and too little is that which he
himself follows, y, , -
Most people, he went on to' say,
spend too much time on fancy fix
ings and too little time in studying
the needs of their birds. His
housing ' arrangement I consists
simply of rows of shelters and
laying, boxes built; In the, pens.
The sunny side is ; screened with
strips of gunny -.sacks, affording
forj that- location all the protec
tion needed. : His most conspicu
ous Improvement Is a lighting
system; by which light can be
switched on at night in case of
disturbance by visiting varmints.
He believes more in vigorous
birds kept -out in the open than
in mediocre iowis sateguarqea
from roup and kindred troubles
by too much protection. He cre
ates vigor by feeding his ehickens
well, keeping them clean and giv
ing. them plenty of grit and fresh
water. That, with the raising of
his own chicks, so that he is sure
of the stock he is getting, is Mr
Corcoran's idea of poultry rais
ing, i- ' -j- r '
Havings local customers to
whom be can retail both eggs and
fowl, he finds it profitable to
keep the two breeds, White- Leg
horns and Rhode Island Reds. He
classes the Reds 'as fine general
purpose chickens for small fam
ily flocks. According to him, three
strong points j in their favor are
precocious laying at the age of
seven months, ; good winter-laying
habit owing to their being warm
feathered, and splendid dressing
as fowl. v -
' He expressed a preference for
Anconas for strictly laying pur
poses, saying that the would keep
them instead of. White Leghorns
it. they were not so expensive. ; A
few years ago tp determine which
strain was superior he says that
he filled his incubator with White
Leghorn and Ancona eggs, secur
ing an equally good hatch of each.
After, letting them run together
fof awhiloj he selected 25 pullets
of -each breed and penned them
up separately.' The same care
and treatment were given to both.
Then. these results developed: the
Anconas began laying two ' weeks
before the Leghorns; . at the end
o three months they had 16 more
eggs to their credit, and had con
sumed less feed b; $1.40; their
EXPEAEf Ct A
eggs were larger, and as time
went on they 'continued to hold
up their record, while'' the Leg
horns began to slow down in the
second year. The Anconas held
up their output in size and quan
tity well into the third year. : -Mr.
Corcoran is therefore en
thusiastic about Anconas.. While
the margin of superiority may be
small,; he says It will count up in
a large flock and increase profits
considerably. Doubtless he will
again go .In for this breed. But in
the- meantime the Leghorns are
proving; profitable- producers of
eggs, and the Keds supply tne
demand for fowl, making a most
satisfactory combination.
THE BUSINESS HEN
A Nebraska Competition
That Gave Biddy Edge on
the Milking Machine
Figures are sometimes quite in
teresting, especially - when these
of two lines of activity are pitted
against each other. " For instance,
in r Thayer county, Nebraska, the
dairy and poultry interests had a
contest not long since as to which
had the largest earning capacity
on a basis of value in perform
ers and performances. The dairy
men were represented by 107
cows and the poultry fraternity
by 34 flocks comprising 4167
birds. The returns, represented
in dollars, covering April produc
tion was $1 3 0.34 for the cows
and $2373.94 for the hens. The
feed expense for the cows was
$706.09 and for the hens. $177.84
The returns abqve feed from the
cows was $423.25 and from, the
hens $1996.10. It would have
taken 504 cows to have brought
as much net returns as was pro
duced by the hens. .The .cows
brought a return of $1.48 and the
hens $5.78 for each dollar's worth
of feed. The ten best cows brought
a return of $2.25 and each 100
hens in the ten best flocks brought
$4.83 for each dollar invested in
feed. One "A" class cow , was
equal in net returnstB- 25 hens,
one "B" class cow to 13 hens and
one, "C" class cow to four bens,
while the average cow was equal
to nine hens., April Is the month
when the , hens have their innings
and show greatest egg production,
while the cow is at a great dis
advantage as this Is just the end
of the dry-feeding season. We
are of the opinion that contests
of this kind reveal little or noth
ing, of real value or service to
either the dairy or poultry indus
try; but it is conceivable that a
year's record would add something
to the interest, but hardly any
thing that might change a dairy
men into a chicken man, or a
poultry fancier into a cow man.
And -yet, which is tho most pro
fitable? Los Angeles Times.
(In the Salem district, each is
the most profitable . when boti
arei kept and have proper atten
tion and care; and when'hdgs also
are kept and accorded the same
treatment: along with sheep and
goats and other live stock, and
bees, and fruits and nuts that
come in sifeqession; throughout
the season, and a number of other
crops that give seed time and har
vest every month in the year
and pay checks in a regular stream
from January to December. -Ed.)
COCKERELS MUST
BE DISPOSED OF
A well known poultry authority,
speaking for conditions applying
to the Salem district, says that it
will soon be. time to dispose of
the surplus , 'cockerels and force
the pullets along so that they will
become productive early. If it
has not already been done, it is
high time to separate the sexes,
for either will do better alone.
It Is still a trifle early in the sea
son to commence preparing t the
surplus birds for market, never
theless they should be fed liberal
ly to develop size and frame
When within two or three weeks
of the time of marketing, which
usually is in November and De
cember, the birds should bo con
fined to limited quarters and "fed
up" on a fattening ration, which
should have corn meal, flour mid
dlings and ground oats, as a base
and be moistened with skimmed
milk, it available, into a crumbly
(not sloppy) ; consistency. This
should be fed for about two weeks
before the fowls are marketed.
Pot the local market, many breed
ers "feed up" on the regular, ra
tions and. market their product
on the hoof." The final fatten
ing Is done by the city dealers in
poultry products. - . ' ;
' Rocky Mountain National Park.
Colorado, has 200 mountain lakes.
THE DMBT COW AND
MA 1
COUNTY
HAS SHOPS HERE
They Are Maintained Per
manently in. Connection .
With Storage Barns
Marion county is in the automo
tive Industry permanently. The
storage barns and repair shops of
the county are on the east end of
Center street, near the state hos
pital. ; .
5 There are1 5 men "regularly em
ployed In the ' repair department
and 7 truck drivers, are now work
ing out from that point. T- ,.
i'i Altogether, there are just now
about 200 men working for Mar
ion county, building paved market
roads. .; : r
Fire Years iii Four ' "
: The Marion county paved ' road
j forces, under W. J. Culver, road
musier, siarcea oui iai spring rxo
finish about 30 miles of paved
market highways this year. ' By
Saturday .., night, they will have
finished that much road, and they
will still r be .working on five or
n ve to six miles ; more. They
started on a five year program
for 100 miles of paved market
highways in Marion county four
years ago. They will - have com
pleted that ; program, in total
mileage, at the end of the pres
ent' season; and, more, besides
doing much' road work for cities
and towns like Salem, Wbodburn,
Jefferson, Sublimity, etc. -r They
will go ahead next year extend
ing the program, with 10; to 12
more miles of paved highways to
be added, mostly connecting link
in various directions.
Then the work will go right
on, year after year, both repairing
and new paving and . Marion
county will be permanently in the
automotive industry, with hr
shops always busy.
s
Timely, Information for Dairy
Men, Prune Growers and
Producers of Oats
(The following Items come In
a current bulletin from the de
partment of Industrial journalism
of the Oregon Agricultural Co
lege:) ' ' " : '
The law, providing that only
pureblood registered dairy bulls
may be sold, bought, o offered
for public use until licensed by
the dairy bull registration board
was amended by the last legisla
ture to place the penalty for vio
lations on the receiver as well as
the purveyor. The purpose of the
law is to raise the standard of
dairy cattleIn Oregon. The dairy
staff of the Oregon. Agricultural
college constitutes the registra
tion board. V
Cover crops for prunes are best
drilled in at good depth in the
latter part of August or the first
MM
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GIVE
BEAUTIFUL DAUGHTER OF VENEZUELA.
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, Lncilla Mendex, stage name of charming actress who is a dan -
ter of the once famous President Castro of "the To-'i
republic, Sho plays te a Eroadway mnslcJncVj.
part of September on ground tha
has been put Into - good , f riabl 3
condition following the last cul
tivation of summer. - The see
may not germinate till the first!
fall rains, but If it is well rooted
it will; not dry. out after it ha
started. O. A. C. experiment st2
tion. , . .
Rolled oals from Oregon gra;
winter oats are of the finest, bu
small black kernels with an off
ish flavor occasionally . spoil th 3
pleasure of eating them either?
fresh or cooked. These kerneU
are not black oats as yon ma:
have thought, but buck cheats
says O. R. Hyslop, chief of farci
crops at the Oregon 'Agrlcultral
college. Too many of these spoil
the lot for milling the choice pro
duct, and. millers fear they ms
not get enough good oats to kee l
up the supply of rolled oats
Growers who have the cheat I i
their seed are invited to send fa I.'
samples to the college seed labor
atory at Corvallis .to be analyze
for extent of mixture. This will
enable growers to sow the best
lots and get the highest price fc:
the crop next year. . .
.11 Kill 1
IIKEMiffii:
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Construction to Go Forward
i on New Addition; Another;
F: One to Soon Follow :
There is something doing alj
the time at the Salem paper nil!.
Life there for the managers of tha
Oregon Pulp-& Paper company i)
Just one improvement after an
other. It was a new building f t
a giant new paper making ma
chine a short time ago. It iai
the building of new digesters to
take care of the pulp wood a llttli
later.
Now it is an addition fronting
on South Commercial street, to bo
constructed according to the orig
inal plans, and only deferred f:,
the Important work of gettics t'
plant ready for quantity produc
tion of fine papers, the finest pro
duced on the western side of tL3
Uaited States.. . 1
Workmen are starting to tea?
down the old office building to
make room, for the extension of
the main concrete and steel m'.l
structure. -
The addition will be exteadcl
east 50 feet, and will be 90 feet
north and south, the size and con
struction to be the same as tLo
present building.1 It will brin-;
the main mill building flush wilL
South Commercial ' and Trad 3
streets.
; The-paper mill people are mov
ing their, offices into the The 2
property next door to the Marian
creamery, for temporary quarters.
They will have more office roon
here than they had before.
1 The old one-story britk office'
building is more than 50 years c'i.
It was built by the old Salem,
flouring mills, and then was use I
for years by the Salem ("Water
company. T j
I The paper mill people plan a
new addition, extending south on
Commercial street, 130 by 170
feet, next spring; the same con
crete and steel construction as the
present main building.
: . s.