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FOURTH SECTION
AGRICULTURAL
4 PAGES
SEVENTY-SECOND YEAR
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.uiaa uxroru iass, grana enaiupioa je?r toW,Uigoirsie Fair; 1922T mned by D. W. Ufpltm,
V Ciersey bull. Oregon State Fair, ; 1022, owned by 'O. F. Batea, Kalem Ore. 4 One of the hundreds of
1 tiriTo iwr wm m.u w tew rirjr irm wu. inp rewT fjaitTn uiwict i, pcdMiariy fwapieo to ums type i larnung. o f our Kreac Jersey cows, ownea xy ficvara uros., jarion. : rrom ien to rijni ixiey, arei uaay uiiKen uovt Duller
Vduction lt38; Vive La France, a former world champion, 1O30.29; Old Man's Darilnj? Second; j3; IarlMig Jpllla laws jns crowned world Champion.' 8 Mears Juliette, Grand Champion Ayrshire-cow, Oregon State Fair, 1922, owned by Busell CatUa, Salem." !
. lota, former world's record Jersey cow, 1048 pounds butterfat, owned, by 8. J. McKee, IndependendP, Ore. JjO The Maori, tirand Champion Jersey bull, Oregon State Fair, 1022, owned by Harry. I Hiff, Independence, Oregon. - T ; ,
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:-3ENS RETURN tARGE PROFITS
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'Poultry Raisin in Greater Salem District Affords Opportunity for Immense Yiel4s from Small Investments Many;
Persons Hare Grown Wealthy as a Result Climatle Conditions: Bis Aid in this Lucrative' Small Farming Business
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. By 7. C. CQXXEII, Editor,
I Northwest Foultry Journal',
I More ftan ever before daring
Cth past two or three lean years
for tLe farmers, have rthey - come
J tUL reaJite the "ralue and Import
ance of poultry business as profit
i. able side line, if not an exclusive
business. Had it not - beea for
their poultry flocks, many; Oregon
and Washington -farmers daring
the past few years would have
been deprived of a regular avail
. able income, supplying cash, for
the neccessitles, . that .otherwise
would not have been forthemnfne.
i This revenue, althouh-llmitedinl
many cases, has aided materially
v a riastng over uus period or ae-j
r presslon in this agricultural field.
Tfce breeding of high producing,
standard-bred poultry isjrowing
in Importance, because the market
' for that, class bf . stock is, growing
' t a rapid; rate. Poultry culture
",U getting oa a better basis than
It was a few years ago when plum
age and fancy Dolnta wern rocarrl-
ed as of better value than capacity
to produce eggs. That poultry
should conform - to established
standards with reference t6 color,
con formation, j type, etc, Ig.-viust
as necessary as ever, but coupled
wita this the practical producer
now; demands production quality.
The call Is for bred-to-lay birds
birds that will yield a profit as
producers of market eggs.
- Our most progressive breed
ers h are successfully I combining
egg
production and tnATA
quality. It is more difficult to
secure these two characteristics
combined in one bird than either
one i of them alone; and it costs
'more, but breeders are finding a
v strong . demand for that kind of
birds and at prices that will Just
ify J producing them. Just as
t fsrmers," are. learning that it
doesn't pay to millc cows , whose
product, barely pays for the feed
consumed, even though' they can
be Burchased at a low
C also- are farm women learning
. that tne best available, chickens,
cacKea or men lavins miM(n
must be secured to make poultry
culture worth while. ' r ' ' '
Since commercial hatcheries
tare come Into existence and
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day-old chicks can be purchased
in any desired. Quantity the prob
lem of building up high 'produc
ing flocks has become very much
simplified.. These "hatcheries are
rendering a great service, to .the
poultry- industry as a whole in
supplying higher grade stock than
it has heretofore been possible
to buy in large quantities. ' It is
claimed that! four times as many
day-old chicks will be produced In
Marion ' county and : in the state
ofQregon; this year than ever he-
fore,, and still there is no fear
of overproduction;, as through an
efficient state co-operative mark
eting . association, the surplus
stock' and eggs find a ready and
profitable eastern ! market.
: i Commercial Hatcheries , .'
In the great majority of cases
commercial "hatcheries are being
run by conscientious men and
women, who are anxious to satisfy
their customers and help them
get a class of birds that wtyl yield
good profits.- These, same hatch
eries are constantly in the mar-
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Iady Jewel .
The goose! that laid the golden
eggs had . nothing on Lady Jewel,
White 5 Leghorn hen ; shoT7n'. abqve,
owned by H. Ml f Leathers ot
Woodland, .Wash.'; . For Lady
Jewel has been " proclaimed
world's champion egg;layer,": hav
ing laid nearly an egg ,a id ay for
the last year, or a total of 335
eggs, and Is valued at 12000, or
133.90 an ounce. '""Besides, 20" of
her, eggs recently gold at 25,QU
apiece. - - -
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ket for eggs ' from high producing
stock ' as well " as for breeding
stock -that will continue t5 bnild
their own flocks and those of
their neighbors who produce eggs
for, them. Thus the oppor tun ties
for the market poultry producer
a the high class breeders - are
greater thah ever. ' Skill in, the
breeding and feeding of poultry
is at a! premium .'today as Jit"has
never been before. ;, ' "f : X
. More Efficient Management t ,
The increased Interest in, poul
try. In i Oregon and v throughout
the country; is due - largely,, be
cause, through better management
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Scene on Typical Willamette, Valley Poultry Farm.
anu better stock, poultry raising
has jbeen made - more " profitable.
In Oregon a very large number
ot poultry culling demonstrations
have been held in every county
and that feature alone has saved
the producers big sums of .money..
Similar' demonstrations 'have been
held In practically every state In
the Union and , everywhere Hhe
knowledge of how to separate the
good from "the poor, 'layers iha
meant a (bigger balance on the
right side of the ledger, ,
' In addition to this, the Oregon
Agricultural, College i and . Puyal-
lup, Washington, Experiment Sta
tions ; have : done an . Immense
amount of investigational work
In . the" breeding, feeding and
housing - pC." poultry,; i which ' ha,s
been popularized-- through the
SALEM, OREGON, MARCH 1923
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Aurora, Or. 2 DarllnR's Jollle Iade, owned by Picbard Bros., Marion, Ore,, world's champion Jer
cherry orchards of the Ureatep-SaJem district, in full bloom, which have eiven riae to the observance
farm and poultry - press ,as well
as through bulletins distributed
by the experiment stations them
celves. . In short, the poultry in
dustry is rapidly being - placed
on a good, . solid - business .foun
dation and is being considered
as important' as any other . en
terprise on the farm.! The poul
try business ' in Oregon and
Washington,' according to the
opinions f the big - trade jour
nals,' has developed Into one of
the big : profitable industries of
the Northwest.
. Small Investment Itequired.
The , poultry i business also has
the advantage, the importance of
which Is overlooked by many, of
being' a 1 business that can be
cieveioped to relatively.; large: pro
portions : In. a . f aw, years Qn. a rel
atively -small., cash . investment.
(Ve.-have. only, to refer, to a .few
successful Oregon poultrymen to
substantiate this I fact, lor it is
well saiQwut that Harry Miller
with less, capital than , $ 100 -has
built 3up one of ,the largest poulr
try plants, in Oregon at Newberg
in the past eight years, and his
annual -. receipts now run, into
many thousand dollars. J. A.
Hanson -at Corvalljs, .who .today
enjoys an international- reputa
tion as a poultry, specialist ..has
built up a, , Z 5,0 0 0 S plant and a
large annus), income ; la t less ' than
(Continued on page 4) :
;:.Vtfe;si,A::j;;i
MARION
Best and Most Complete System in a State that is Supreme
,, Roads in Addition to State Highways Road Money Here
Marion county is . working on .a
market road ' program that was
sanctioned by- popular vote, au
thorizing bonds to be issued in
the sum of $ 850,000. It is a five
year program, with two years
more to run this year and next.
The original program caled for
100 miles of payed market roads
and 'SO miles, of graveled roads
connecting with them joining kll
the..-principal towns : of Marlon
county ..together with highways
that ? can j be traveled, every - day
Jn the year In comfort. '
? Pavings Work for This Year.'
The following Is the program
for the paving work of this year:
- Finish J the Salem-SIlverton
road,' about a third df a mile at
the Pudding river bridge,
: Finish two bridges and paving
In connection 1 on the road from
Mt. Angel . to Woodburn. ,
Finish the road from'Silverton
to Plne Tree corner , on the Mar
quam'road. ". . , ; - -
. , Continue paving from Silverton
to Wlllard. - '
Pave : some road between Mt.
Angel and Bethany. v .
., Continue, paving on river road
from. Kaiser school house towards
Wheatland. . k N tJ
Continue paving from Segle
school house to Pratum.
Continue paving on the Ceer
road from the 'Wilson place to
wards Ceer station.
Pave road from Macleay to
Shaw.-':i. .- :, c!: , ; j';- '
Pave from Stayton towards
West Stayton".
Complete - paving between Sub
limity and Stayton.- i s
Pave from Jefferson towards
Green's bridge.
Pave from Looney school house
on the i Pacific highway towardaj
Sidney. ( . : . ; : . A ..: -Pave
from Cervals towards St.
LOUIS. 4 , . . . - -
Pave from Manning's corner on
the Pacific highway towards Park
ersvllle.. , , . k , ,
' Pave from Hubbard r towards
Broadacres.'
Continue paving . from Aurora
to Donald. - :
JFive Paring Plants.
There are five county paving
plants located at different . points
throughout the county, as fol
lows:
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Stayton, under the direction of
I. 8. Lambert.
Salem, under the direction ot
the Salem office.
Scollard, near West Woodburn,
under the direction of, L. A. Van
Cleave.v--CT -LV :.
Mt. Angeif directed by F. O.
Johnson.' -if - j '
. : -Jefferson, director not yet ap
pointed. - --.;" ;i'
The paving work planned for
this year will total 15 to 30 miles.
It will be the largest year's work.
The three-first years netted 64
miles of hard surfaced road, with
a great deal of graveling and pf
grading for future hard surfacing.
Five Years Work In Four.
So, at the end of the season , of
work now opening, the five year
program will have been practically-finished
five years work in
four, years. ,
:?The" work of next year will be
largely devoted to finishing up;
closing up; Joining the pieces that
were seasoning under travel in
order to make them safe to pave.
The 64 miles'1 payed In , the .first'
three years and the 25 to 30 miles
to be hard surfaced this year will
make almost 100 miles. Add, to
this the 36 ; miles of hard sur
faced road on, the Pacific highway
In Marlon county, running north
and south from Jefferson to Au
rora, and Marion county will have
the best paved road system in
Oregon outside c of f Multnomah
county. Toi this must be added
many miles of paving in Salem
and' the other cities and towns:
pot far from 100 miles In Salem
alone.
r After Next Year, What?
Then add several miles in the
program for next ' year - the
fifth year. There ytill be $105,000
bonds yet to sell for next year's
work.' After that, what?
i t Well, there will still be some
income. Marlon county gets anr
nually over $50,000 for Its share
of the state automobile licenses.
She gets $0,000 to $100,000 a
year from the market road funds.
Against this, there will be npr.
keep and interest and payments
on the serial bonds.
; Sut the fire plants will be all
paid for; and ill the road ma
chinery, ; and. th shops In. Salem.
All these costi will hare been ab-
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ey cow, all 1 ages.
of Blossom Iday ti
3 Gertie's
througliout the
in Highway Building One Hundred Miles Paved County
Made to Perform Full Duty- County Does Its Own Wofk
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sorbed in the cost of building the
first 100 miles' and oyer of paved
roads. So future- roads in , other
sections will .getpart of the .ben
efit from having the plants and
machinery ' and equipment, already
paid for. So it is not likely that
there will ever be a year during
which . some new- paving on the
Marion county .market roads will
not , be. done; even withontthe
Bale of. any more bonds.: It is
llke!y, however, that the extra
work for two or three years after
1924 will be largely, confined, to
grading In preparation for future
hard, surfacing; leaving the new
er roads especially a good deal of
time to pack down to season; in
preparation for hard surfacing
The county will match all the
auto license and market road
money; all the state money, as
it has done in: the past.
M. M. - Dushey, - county rjudge,
and J. T. Hunt and J. E. Smith,
county commissioners, are the
men behind the program, under
whom W." J. Culver, county roadr
master works. . . . - .
- Program -Closely Followed. '
At the close of the road work
for 1922, The Statesman con
tained a long review, in which the
following facts were set. outt T-?$
It will Interest every taxpayer
to know that the original program
has , been lived up to, to the let
ter. The roads are not, all built,
but the costs', forr tha year just
closed show that the county is
living absolutely ivithin its means
and . standing by it original cost
estimates.. It waif ' f igured then
that the roads would cost $15,000
a mile for grading and hard sur
facing. They have cost tbat, al
most to the cent, the negligible
difference being saving Instead
of a higher; cost. 1 This Is in the
face of the - fact that costs have
materially "increased since the
first estimates were , made; they
were far higher In 1920 and 1921,
but even so, the average has fall
en Inside of the original estimate.
That cost of $15,000 a mile for
the quality of hard ,snrf aced road
br.ilt lu Marlon county Is believed
to establish a new oyr . record in
the United. States. That is about
the finest part of the whole
story the .best roads built . .for i
th least money. . i
GREATER SALEll DISTRICT
WAGES T TO 4
PRICE: TEN CENTS
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Royal SfcT Mawes, prize winning
community. ' Thousands of vi.iir
fat pro
' Pavement TotaH Ot Miles.
; The county now has -64 ml'ps of
paved market roads, on r, I or the
34 Jpfficlally: designatPd jnarket
roads in the county that ca-er 130
miles,: Of this paved road mile
age 24.05, miles was pared this
year, from- the. four ; - county
owned plants at Salern. St-iTton,
Mt. Angel and Scollard.
This 24.05 miles of rav?ris this
year . cost $9159 per raile tor the
paving alone, exclusive of tlie cost
of grading and draining. Grading
Is always done the yecr before
paving, to have the ro-dbed thor
oughly settled and drained be'ore
putting on the hot strr. The
roadbed is given a heavy founda
tion of rock or coarse gravel be
fore the hot top -dressing,-the un
patented , ."Topeka , mix" f o r in ul a
of bltullthic concrete. Is laid for
a finish. - This coating is four
Inches thick, but tests running
back for. seven years in Marion
county show that the road standi
up With the best roads laid un
der, any other formula or set of
specifications. J' '
Sixteen-Foot Roadway t'sed.- '
AH the roadways aro 1G feet
wide. The county started a few
years ago on-a '14-foot basis, but
found that itwasa't sare or prac
ticable. -There are some excep
tions to the 16-foot rule on stees
hills where there Is only a nine
foot paved way, the rest befnj
graveled and left nnpaved for
horse traffic because horses can
not keep, their footing on a steep,
smooth pavement when going ui
hill. Cr'---.",":- '-,.'- -
No Marion county roads are
buUt by contract. The county
purchased all the machinery and
hires the men. This Is a rathar
unique . partnership. More thfu
400 men havebeen employed hy
the ' county tWs summer. Every
man Is a resident, and nlmost
every one a property taxpayer in
the county, i The roads are "our
roads. It Is a matter of personal
pride and personal profit to P?t
as much good road fervlfo fc?
every dollar, as the dollar can t
made to prdduce. The t- ';
shows "in the exception aT!: lo-.'
cost and the superior qm'v o
the work done. A man wor!;:
(Coutinued on page 4)