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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 23, 1922)
i . I. THE OREGON STATESMAN. SALEM; OREGON THURSDAY MORNINGS NOrEAIBER 2& 1&22 ": : 1 1 ! t III i ' ! ft f !- ,4 f ! i : : t L! f ; " ll i i : Hunt Bros. Packing Company Salem, Oregon Quality Fruits, Proper growing, Proper packing, Intelligentjselling, Con rteofl. treatment, CommurtyJ service, "Art" the "itepi tor -business success- DEHYDRATED and CANNED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Oregon Products King's Food Products Company Salem PortlandThe Dalles Oregon Gideon Stolz Company ! ' Salem Oregon faaafartnreri of Park iCider Vinegar Carbonated BeTerages- his:''" . " nd ( Lime-Sulphur Sola t ion Track delivery to all pun ( the Willamette Valley J. L. Busick & Son GROCERIES , '., Stores: , SALEM ALBAXY 1 WCODDURN, s "Eventually Ton Will ; Buy at BtiSICK'S" NEZSON'BROS. . , f ,vr-. - . " Warm Air Fnroaeea. plambinf, , fcf atlm od ihet etrt work, tin , and fTSTel fdollBf, (eoeral job- binf tlo and (aWaaixed iroa 385 CatiMkcta St ' ?boD 1908 Dhie Health Bread y v - vi- , Ask Your Grocer : Atyqur Service, Salem -street railwaVJj provjtlgi & .service thatl convenient, safe, comfort able and economical. - Bnj Tickets by the Strip! They" save Mime and speed up service. Southern Pacific Lines ! t FOR YEARS i X2 c.v i-f dim "tftg Big"wntr"tfr tHcrlt!cf Job" 'f worth aaU narit.1 ' afodivra. aqnipmrnt aid idaaa ar hm onra that fat by. STATESMAN PUBUSHING COMPANY, rWai tS 513. i. Otal SC I- The Wayto Build Up Your Home Town Is to Patronize Your Home People ' LIGHT AHEAD FOR OH PRODUCERS OF EXTRA FB QUALITY APPLES, IS MOO 0 The Matter of Varietes Discussed Apple Growing a Highly Specialized Industry Spraying Must Be Maintained Not a Poor. Man's Game Survival of the Fittest A Favorable Reaction Is Looked for, Following a taw of th Economists. (B. W. Johnson, writer of the following article, solocited by the - editor of The Statesman, is sec retary and manager of the Ore gon Apple company, Monroe, Ore gon, having the largest strictly commercial iapple orchard in tha Willamette valley district; nearly 400 acres. This company, mar kets the OACO BRAND of ap ples.) - , mZz vij.' .H ' By B- W. Johnson Based on the government's es V mate the apple production of the United States for the current year Is 206,000,000 bushels. This, FALL SOlTS $17.50 to. $30.00 Ed. Chastain's Upstairs Men's Shop - 122 N. Commercial St. SALEM IRON WORKS Eatabliihed 1880 1 Founders, Machinists and i.-i Blacksmiths Corner Front ft State Sft. fanafarturers of tha Khand riiup for irrlxation and other Onoara. Oarreapondenre aolic- Ttvl. Irrifatioa inforaatioa ku " plid. . - - I Makrra "of Saleiri IrooH Worka Iraf 8awa. , HOTEL 100 rooms of Solid Comfort A Home Away From Home 1 ;. F.NWOODRY Saltm's Leading "'Auctioneer Sells Everythrrig ThaIs Loose or for Sale " 1010 Kftrth Summer Kt. Salem, Oregon WVPay Highest Market Prices 'TOR - Bif, al. hoei and mutton, lire or dreaard, Alao bolter, egca and chickens. S a for' tolling V i Peoples Heat Market i tU 1. tarty it. Ami 991 1 CLING Devoted to Showing Salem District People the Advantages and Opportunities of Their Own Country and Its Cities and Towns. Selling Salem This campaign of publicity for community upbuilding has been made possible by the advertisements placed on these pages by our public spirited business men men whose untiring efforts have builded our present recognized prosperity and who are ever striving for greater and yet greater progress as the years go by. IB GROWER however, is much above the an nual average. If all these apples were placed in ordinary boxes and these boxes placed end to end they would encircle the earth three times and leave enough over to reach from Portland to Boston. To grow, handle from tree,,to car and market this vast crop requires tno services of thousands of trained workers. Much care and speed is required in-handling the crop during the months of September, October and November each year. Northwest's and Oregon's ' Share In 1921 the apple production of the Northwest was 55,000 cars or over 40,000,000 boxes. About one-sixth of this crop grew in Oregon and was valued at about 15.000,000. The apple industry in Oregon represents an invest ment of approximately $30,000, 000. The, In vent meat Ten to twelve years are re quired to 'bring an apple orchard into commercial bearing. Count ing cost of land, nursery stock, pruning, tillage and interest, the cost of a developed orchard varies Theo.M.Barr Plumbing, Heating and Tinning 161 S. Commercial St. SALEM, Ore. j . Buy the Oregon . , r Made I! I Furnaces W. W. ROSEBRAUGH CO. Foundry and Machine Shop 17th & Oak Sts.. Salem, Or. Phone 886 We Are pat After Two Million a W m now payine oer three qnartera'of "a million dollari a jresr to the dairymeD of thia aectioa for milk - tn "Marion Butter" - Bast Bnttar Mora Cow and Better Cowa la . tha crjrlax aod MARION CREAMERY & PRODUCE CO. Ralem, Ore. ; Phone 2188 Satan Carpet Cleaning and FLUFF RUq - WORKS AH sizes of Has; and Fluff Rugs Woven Old Mattrena Steaming and Remaking Otto Zwicker. Prop. Ptionn U&l 13 H & Wilbur Street SALE District is a continuation of the Salem Slogan and Pep and Progress Campaign ffofn ?500 to J1000 an acre. Af ter waiting so many years, profits ! are dependant upon a Viumber of factors such as soil, air drainage, elevation, . varieties quality and quantity of production, and mar kets. In western Oregon the Tleep rtd soils of the roo; hills, rang ing from 300 to 1000 feet, above sea level, seem -sest adapter) to apple raising. On these hills is found a good quality of clay, while the range in elevation' pro vides air drainage; and air drain age is a mighty important factor in providing insurance against frost losses during the spring months. UAlesa trees are well cared for and keot in a healthy vigorous condition they will not attain their proper growth. As, production costs per acre are about the same regardless of tho yield per tree it is important that maximum production be attained in order that the cost per box bt kept at the minimum. The Matter of Varieties In the v mattter of varieties there has been altogether too wide a range. And in this con nection, adaptation of varieties to districts is a matter deserving ,ot mono serious consideration. No district can hope to excel, in the production of all the various varieties of apples. Western Ore gon can produce a much better Newtown than either Yakima or Wenatchee, while the . Delicious does better up there. Hood River excels the northern valleys ot Washington in the growing ot Spitzenbergs, and Western Ore gon properly claims credit for producing Winter Bananas and Ortleys of the highest quality. In the future apple growers will do well to confine their plantings tq the few varieties best adapted to their respective sections. For western Oregon I advise planting Winter Banana, Grfmea Golden, Ortley and Newtowns and on the heavier and richer soils. King of Tompkins county. For a red variety the Red Rome prom ises well. We can also grow the Jonothan and Spitzenburg, but the white varieties seem better adapted to our soil and climate and evince a tendency to more consistant annual cropping. Highly Specialized Industry The growing of apples is a highly specialized industry. Even the development of an orchard, beginning with the selection df Ulhe.Jand and the nursery stock. Eyesight Specialists MORRIS OPTICAICO. 301-5 Oregon BIdg. Salem, Oregon A call today may save needless pain and suffer ing in the future. F. W. Pettyjohn. Co. Dealers for: , - - GARDNER? : JORDAN , ' v MITCHELL F. W. Pettyjohn Co. 279 N. Com'l.. Phone 1260 Willamette Valley Prune Association The oldest Association In the Northwest. W. T. JENKS Secretary and Manager Trade & High Sts. j t kSL, Oregon and the planting of the trees. should be in the liands of an ex-. pert. When one has to wait ten' or a doezn years it behoves an orchardift to start right or he will ultimately land in the poor honse. Pruning is a science. During tfi'e first ten years of a tree's life the pruning should be handled under the direction of a trained, ex perienced pruner. Many North western orchards have been near ly ruined by inexperienced tree butchers who claimed to be pro fesfonal pruners. In western Oregon, where we have dry summers and no irriga tion, frequent tillage is a very necessary orchard practice. Only by frequent and thorough tillage can the moisture be' conserved, and without sufficient moisture trees will not grow and thrive properly. After an orchard comes into bearing it should be plowed as often as every two years. Two to four double disoings annually should be insisted upon. Follow ing the discings light tillage with a - weeder or harrow, preferably the latter, should continue at fre quent intervals up to the middle of - August. This tends to keep down vegetable growth and re tards evaporation of the moisture content of the soil. Should it rain during the growing season a crust will form on these western Ore gon soils and an immediate tillage should be given in order to break this up. Otherwise the moisture wiU rapidly escape. Spraying Is Necessary Spraying becomes a more im portant problem qach succeeding year as the, trees reach the bear ing age. Innumerable Insect pests and fungus diseases pecter the life of the apple grower. Tech nical knowledge is required to de tect some of these pests, and care ful and scientific spraying meth ods are essential If they are to be J properly controlled. We have found that- high pressure spray outfits are best suited to our re quirements. Where we used to use 150 to 200 pounds pressure better orchardists now maintain a pressure of 300 to 400 pounds. Thinning Is Important T6o little attention is given to the matter of thinning. The do mestic market does not take kind ly to small sizes. In. the past orders were usually booked to cover natural run of sizes, with not to exceed ten per cent ot J.75s and smaller. But the past two years has witnessed a decided change on the part of the trade, or rather, the consuming public. Size specifications are now a dis tinct feature of the average sale contract, and many buyers are drawing the line at 150s, while 163s seem to be the limit. With the increasing proportion of small sizes in the Northwest and the decreasing demand for them, the grower has got to thin more gen erally and systematically than heretofore or go broke. Outside of a limited export demand for five tier apples of late keeping varieties such as Newtowns, the consuming public is insisting on j having large apples, and the wise grower is going to meet the situa- tion by doing , more and better thinning. Thinning not only promotes size but increases the proportion of the better grades of apples,7 because I in the thinning operations many misshapen, wormy and .scabby apples are eliminated, and the subsequent cost of picking and handling is ob viated. Apples should be spaced from 6 to 8 inches on the limbs, and only one fruit in a cluster al lowed to mature. Thinning costs vary from 5 to 15 cents a packed box, depending on conditions, but is generally money well spent. Pieking and Marketing Before picking time arrives the grower should have boxes, lad ders and other equipment ready and the fruit should be picked as early as maturity will permit and rushed from tree to car as rap idly as possible. '" The keepability of apples is gTeatly enhanced by pprtting them under Ice tjulckly. DISTRICT The Surest Way to Get Industries Is to Support Western growers should re member that they are from 2000 to 300 miles from market and that apples grow abundantly In tne'sections of the east where our apples are sold. If we are to sell at a profit bacx there we must grow apples of quality and size, free from scab, scale, .worms,, etc. So far as extra fancy quality is concerned, we have no eastern competition. However, they do raise fancy and choice grades, and, being close to market cen ters, they easily compete and even handicap us in disposing of the lower, grades. It follows then that we should strive for a larger per centage of extra fancy quality and at the same time insist that the grade and pack be maintained at a high standard. Growers who' contend for a revision downward of the grading rules are doing themselves and the industry an injury. t Maintain the Standard In western Oregon, where orchard districts are generally small and production light, it has been difficult to maintain the highest standard of production. Happily this situation is improv ing. In this connection it might be mentioned that there are too many persons growing apples as a side line with pigs or cows as the main line of production. In w umm iuv W a. ft ft V V'V U. m most cases this practice ought to a . . be prohibited by law. Pigs and cows demand attention two times a day in most boisterous and com manding tones. And they get it. The apples get only such time and attention as may be spared from the pigs and. cows, and usually that Isn't worth while. As a gen eral proposition fruit growing and general farming should be di vorced. Xot a Poor Man's Gantle mat appie growing Is not .a poor man's game has been amply proved during the past dozen years. Regardless of crop condi tions, an apple orchard should bave the best of care every year. If this is dependent on income from the fruit, next year will wit ness the neglect of many orch ards. Owing to unusual climatic conditions which prevailed during u growing season tne past year. the trop is not up to standard either in quality or quantity. Fruit handled under the most ap proved conditions has not held up as usual. Coupled with this has been a weak market and the worst car shortage ever known. As a result millions of boxes of ap ples have deteriorated in the packing houses of the Northwest waiting for cars, and growers have sustained staggering" losses. This condition has not applied to the apple industry alone. Perish ables of all kinds have been mar keted under moet adverse condi tions. and generally at a loss. Po tatoes, for instance, are hardly worth digging, to say nothing of the cost of seed, planting and tillage. Many apple growers will likely be unable to weather the stress following the present disas trous season, and as- a result. many orchards will be neglected if not abandoned. But the orchardist who Is able to keep his bead above water and cares for his trees is bound to be a winner in the end. Consump tion of apples is increasing, yet the planting of apple trees has not kept pace with losses during the past dozen years. Worst Car Shortage Ever Known Every year producers are con fronted with a more or less seri ous car shortage during the ship ping season. This year it has been the worst ever known and has resulted in staggering losses to growers, especially in the Northwest where they were two thousand miles or more from market. We not only have the car shortage to contend with but this year of heavy production and sick markets we are paying fffty per cent more freight than we did before the war, besides loading the cars twenty per cent heavier than we used to. It is ot vital More and Larger Those You Have Why suffer with Stomach W. QUESTION OF Prof. Lewis Still Puts the Ortley at the Head of the list, for the Salem District, and the , Winter Banana. Grimes Golden, Rome Beauty, Delicious and Jon-, athan Stand High with Good Authorities for Ccm. mercial Orchards in This Section The Demand Is for Extra Fancy Apples, and the High Prices Are ' Realized for the Best. .v. . How do you know what to plant? The question of varities is a very important one in the com mercial apple industry of the Sa lem district. There is nothing concerning the industry ' that Is more Important. C. I. Lewis, ' now managing editor of the American Fruit Grower Magazine, has a lengthy article in the November issue of that. publication, under the head ing, "How Do You Know What to plant?" Prof. Twi wfcn was one of tho nrinciDal offi cials of the Oregon Growers Co- ODeratlVe association ha'nr. I " - - M V a, X a o v i,ng to Chicapo a few months ago I SWA tl A m1h1a a - . covers the whole country In the scope or his article, pointing out the kinds and varities that bhould be grown, for the greatest success, in all states and ' sec t'ons. In The Kalem Dirrirt Sii T f b exhaU8t,T article. Prof. Lewis says "In a district like Salem, Ore gon, typical or that section, plant fruits that are. not grown in many other sections of the Unit ed States; for Instance, loganber ries, sweet cherries, filberts, English walnuts, pears, prunes Importance to the Industry that a more adequate supply of cars be furnished and that freight rates be materially lowered. It now costs -about 90 cents a box for freight and Icing or heater service to eastern points. This year the carriers are getting more per box for hauling it to market in most instances, than the grow er receives arter gambling with nature, in producing the fruit, be sides an outlay of some fifty cents a box Involved in getting the fruit from tree to car. Survival of the Fittest If "the survival or the fittest" is a law which must apply to the apple grower as well as to those engaged in other lines of busi ness, the owner ot a well cared ror orchard of desirable commer cial varieties, has little to fear This statement of course Is based on the theory that he will follow approved orchard practices in the matter of pruning, spraying, till age, etc., such as is recommended by the experiment station at Cor- vallls. 1930 Peak of Production The concensus of oninion among those who ought to know is that the peak of production waa reached in the United States In 1920. In recent years there has been a heavy mortality among ap ple trees, both east and west, and this has been a matter of serious concern. As consnmntion haa in creased, the outlook for better prices is Improving. eSDeciallv those years when the eastern crop is snort. Since 1914 until this year apples have commanded good prices. While losses, due to a combin ation of unfavorable circumstanc es, have been heavy this season, there is every reason to believe that we are due for a favorable reaction which wlil wine out the aencits or 1922. Otherwise we will rise up en masse and swat the economists who have vouched for 'The In evitable Law of Equal and Oppo site Reaction and move to the South Sea" Islands:-"" ' .. . r We wai Give Our Efforts At si! times to assist U any posible way U dTaW opment of the ; tniV and berry Industrie ta ml Tli ley. ' J ' Oil - Trouble whea Chiropractle tU rv Jracwn Your HcalA Begins Wneh Yea Phone 87 . for an appointment Drs.'SCQTT & SCOFIELD P. 8. 0. Chiropractors Ray Laboratory 414 to 419 U. 8. Natl Hk. Bldg. Hoars 10t to 12 a.m. and 2 to pj. .' VilETTIS 1 and ORTLEY APPLES- There you have one of the best authorities in the United States, ; thoroughly acquainted, with this' section, recommending a . . single f variety for commercial orchards S in the Salem district,. V V While Prof., Lewi. , th I the Oregon Grower Cooperative , association, he -reeommendM its t ? members In this district to con- line their operations in commer- cial apple growing to three varie tfe: . . , ; v The Ortley, . i The Grimes, ' J The Rome Beauty, ' -And the Gravenstefn: the k 1 ter for a summer variety. R. W. Johnson's List - ; ; B. W. Johnson,, secretary sol manager of the' Oregon AddIs I company, with the , Jargest com- , merciai apple orchard In the Wil- lamette valley, recommends tlx V varieties,, in his article in this issue of The Statesman, as fol- lows: Winter Banana, 1 ' ' Grimes Golden, Ortley, . , Newtown, v i" .- King, Red Rome. ' ' i Fortls?IJHt of Fowr John F. Forbis, of Montinor ! Farm, Dllley, says In his com-4 mnnication in' this Issue that If ' , he were to set out another com-' mercial apple orchard in this dis trict he would confine .Tils list; to( four varities: ' " '- , ''.Delicious. . - Jonathan, ' J . Yellow Newtown, ' '' ' .Winter Banana. I And he says that if he should decide on fewer varities . he ; ' f Con tinned on page 3.) - Red Rome Beauty Red Grarenstein Rome Beauty, Common Gra?enstein. Common Grimes Golden would do well to ronmlrr aoma 4 iaa abr . varietur in fatura plantinra. Tha 1W Koma Beast f H tdaotiral with tba rommon Kaa Btntf eTt,, tor 'am, to I id r4 color... wfcirk adds muoh to iu ttractireoeta and aiarkat ratna.' ,.' - t - 'i.-i' tf Likr iriaa , tha-. Red Gravanataia i alaa poaaMra ail tba charactrftf ( tht favorite all Grarenitoia. tal with a brig-ki attrartWa eolar that makri it a better aUer. . t(f Oar tin inctadea leading ttandar4 rcwnnwrrial earietiea all time teated and proven. Chir trm are powi clean new vnleaai aaa aoil la ear four hundred or re n ornery on tht Yakima Indian Reservation. Shipment ran be made promptly Hi reet from our larjcs innlaed paek iaf p.'ant. All I re. a guaranteed tma to name, free from peat or diaeaaa, and to bo in live freak rendition for plant in( upon arrival at destination. Washington Nursery Co. Toppeaicta. Waak. - Fruit Tre. Shade Tr-a, Small Fraita, Bkmbberr,. Rosea, Vipee, . - ote. . , ti 'I f