GHEf MST TELLS
BOOZE. SECRETS
Edson, New York Expert,
Tells of Task of Testing
Hootch of All Kinds
800 SAMPLES TESTED
Moonsnmers Color Fluid
mm m
With Caramel, Much Raw
Alcohol Used In Stuff
Kh. w YORK, Sept. 1 0.Secrets
of. the, "hootch" maker who man
uiaciures synthetic whiskey or
gin are -as an? open book to the
government chemists who test the
V products' of violators of the Vol
stead law. (
Evidence seized from rum-run
ners and bootleggers is: brought
to them for examination.; How the
chemical tests are conducted was
disclosed today by'R: A . Edson
chief chemist of the .gorernmeat
t laboratory In. the federal building.
The walls t 'his offices are lifted
with shelves ' filled -with bottles
vol every kind and description con-
taining every kind of leverage
forbidden by the Volstead act.
SUlIsxGalore
A fringe of " stills ' selsad Itf
raids decorates the .top of the
shelves and there Is a big pile of
them In a corner. In the - past
year mors-than 8,000 samples or
liquor; KOod. Dad. and indifferent,
have, hsen tested here and the re
sults produced later In the federal
coru.,' v :,,.(;5i''.t,!'"-;i -
The first thing to be done by
the. chemists when a sample of
suspected liquor Is brought in is
to test It for alchohol. Usually
the prohibition agents try to get
at least hajf a pint , of whiskey
and a pint of wine for the chem
ists to work on. Dut occasional
ly an agent comes In with a small
bottle of liquid which he explains
-is a drink of whiskey which he
bought at a bar and had to held
' In his mouth until he. could spit
out Into a bottle without being
observed by the barkeeper. - And
that Is tested j.oo.
f ; . .Teste Intricate
"When Hhe sample Is large en
ough the . lrydrometer is used to
find the amount of alcohol pres
ent. The hydrometer Is a ther-
moroeter-like instrument of glass
with the specific gravities marked
on it.' It is floated in the sample
and the markings read. Alcohol
being lighter than-water the hy
drometer sinks farther in the mix
ture of alcohol than in; plain wa
ter. The amount of : alcohol, can
thus be accurately determined by
reading the markings;
V Small samples of booze are test-
ed by means of the, qyenometer.
A quantity of the suspected liquid
Is weighed and. its .'. weight com
pared with an . equal amount of
water. By means of a few com-
, potation's the amount of alcohol
. can easily be onn&.
. For rapid work on . beer and
-wine with small percentages of al
cohol ' the ebulllometer is used:
The evidence 13 heated and .tne
boiling point learned. Water
bolls at 100 degrees centigrade
..and alcohol at a, much lower tem
perature. A -mixture of alcohol
and water bolls at a lower tem
. perature ; than water and thns
: chemists can rapidly ' calculate
the amount of alcohol. - - v
, Color Analyzed
After a test for ' alcohol has
' been completed In the case of
whiskey the color of the sample
is tested. Whiskey that has been
held In bond for some tlme has
a color of its own due to the 1n-
side of the whiskey barrels being
charred by fire before the whiskey
Is put in. C, The manufacturing
bootlegger making an artificial
whiskey of grain alcohol and wa
ter uses caramel made of '.burnt
sugar to color bis product
The MarBh reaction shows It
the color of the whiskey sample is
genuine or artificial. A quantity
of amyl alcohol slightly acidified
with phosphoric acid Is mixed with
tbe liquid to be tested, Amyl al
cohol being lighter than ethyl al
cohol, as ordinary grain alcohol
is called by the chemists; arises
Special
To Portland
, , . . '
Saturday, Oct l,10:15 p. m
For the benefit of those wishing to see the
"
Night Horse. show
Southern' Pacific
' ' j 5 ." Tj-' ?,,f '' -i- V 'V 'i ''" : f 'I'"
will have a special train leaving the Fair
grounds for Portland at 10:15 p. m. ?v
THE -QItEfl03f .STATESMAN. SALEM .OREGON
y LSDY .BARBER iCBi "EDAHD THE XJEXtSBIC.
VS.
I.
4 "
.
-tC
'8
ir ' ; '
If
V
I ... .T.-
r MissJIh'lratattellAlbaJtIiiBltor
of the CunarU line. 2Uas Xi2h doae :nat rcatr -to rman. mrt3dealaolely
wtth member of bar 'UWii.ex-Ehe :jS3)bntogmplteil.ilLeHaiua .tig -tresses
of SCn mnffJBfl TgJtlnriatQTtto tha Tes5al.jJpiiiUia.iroopB.
to the top of the mixture. If the
whiskey is genuine the color 'will
mix with the amyl alcohol and
rise to the top of the mixture. If
the color la due to caramel it will
stay in the bottom of Jthe mixture.
Test Is made for wood alcohol if
there is any suspicion of its pres
ence. Much Alcohol Used
Mr. Edson said that 90 per cent
of the uquor seized by the prohi
bition agents and brought to the
laboratory to be te3ted Is synthet
ic whiskey made of alcohol and
water and a little color or just
plain "hootch."
"We an -usually tell whether
the stnftls genuine or not by just
smelKng of it," he explained.
The synthetic stuff has a distinct
smell of raw alcohol which is not
present in genuine . whiskey no
matter how bad it may be.
" "Lately we have tested a num
ber of samples of syntnetic gin. it
is made of alcobol and water with
a little oil of Juniper to give the
characteristic gin flavor. ' But the
juniper flavor is ranker than gen
uine gin and I. don't think anyi
one gets much pleasure from
drinking such stuff. The boot
leggers usually ; put in too, much
of the, on of juniper. r i ,
Artificial, Wine , j i
"There Is some artificial wine
seized by the thohibitlon agents.
It Is usually made from alcohol
and water flavored with - truit
jnice of some kind. . The home
made wine that is submitted for
test is very poor stuff. Usually
there has been insufficient fer
mentation of . the grapes ' after
they are pressed and sometimes
putrefaction has started. some
wine will contain 7 to 9 per, cent
of alcohol.
"Most - whiskies contain 40 to
50 per cent alcohol. Scotch whis
key has less alcohol than other
Whiskies. "We have found small
quantities of creosote in some of
the artificial Scotch whiskies that
have -been seized. The creosote
is put in to Imitate the peat-smoke
flavor of the genuine article.
4 Z To PreTent Ferment
"The "making of : home-made
grape Juice is dangerous rrom the
standpoint of the Volstead act un
less precrutlons are taken to pre
veni ierraniauon ana tne conse-
qttent production of alcohol; ! The
fcest way is to sterilize the grapes'
ty pouring hot water over them
or "by boiling the Juice. There! is
a wild yeast present on the grapes
and floatipg in the air at grape
picking time and it is the wild
yeast , that starts the fermenta
tion." - - - -.:
The government chtmlsts fcavo
even tested Chlhese wine, or ngka
py to determine for--the govern-'
ment If it was suitable for hu
man -consumption, - A' large quan
tity of the wine conslcmvl to Chi--
i rain
and races, the
V JOHN M. sconv
General Passenger Agent
1 w
f v
:
1
-
if
'A
niniiit fcnr "i 'irn iAc . nfc . i -111 nr r i
1
nese merchants here was held np
by jthe customs officials on tbe
ground that it smeiled bad and
was not fit for human consump
tion. The government's chemists
found the wine was made from
rice spirits and a decoction of
herbs. They said lit was all
right for Chinese medicinal pur
poses so It was allqwed to be
brought in.
SSIl I
FOUND IN N. Y.
ic Discovered i on Site of
d Camp Wheie Mercen
aries Were! Held
Re!
0!
NEW YORK, Sept. 24. A Hes-
eiab soldier's belt buckle has been
found by historical; workers ex
cavating the site to? 1 the revolu
tionary ; war prison camp on the
old; Dyckman farm; near 203rd
street. : ' ' .
The buckle, of bronze, is in a
perfect state of preservation and
officials of the field exploration
committee of the New, York His
torical society, say it is one of
the few Revolutionary relics of
undoubted Hessian origin. "
The buckle has been identified
as part of the equipment of the
Fuerst ; Frederick or Erb Prinz
regiment of Hesse, j mercenaries
brought tfve by the British to
fight Washington's! c6ntinenta'ls.
On the front of the buckle Is en
graved i the monogram "F. F.,1
surmounted -by a crown. The
original hook or belt holder is
on! the back.
The Fuerst Frederick regiment,
originally 688 strong, took part
In S many engagements In the Re
volution. It participated in the
battle of Long Island, and was
assigned to the left wing of Earl
Percv's force at the battle of Fort
f Washington. . Later the regiment
was . sent south and eventually
was captured at Yorktown.
, L pon the declaration of peace
tl' survivors were returned to
New York to a Walt transporta
tiqn home and during this period
they .were quartered in the hut
cantonment on the Dyckman
farm
GEO
IS
Brooklyn Resident Defies
Undertaker' by Working
As House Builder,
k'trfir YOTIK. Sert. 21. Al-
thonrh enterins Bis 7zno year
i...... . . . . .
with-enoeh money I to retire and
take Un eo!I. . Frank D. Johnson
hii Brooklyn continnes to erect
houses all by, himself and sells
them. ,
Wtr the last 50 years he has
worked 10 to 12 a day at this
nnTsuit and now is putting up a
one-man house daQravcsend ave
nue. No hands but Ms own nave
tnnrhmi the structure since he
started It. ; i I ' ' .
TjRt Julv while he was work
ing on the house, it was struck by
lightning. Digging himself out of
the debris, Johnson rubbed home
arplca onto his bruises and was
back on the lob the next aay.
,Born in Boston of Revolution
ary war stock, Johnson expects to
live to 100. He has all but two of
his original teeth and scarcely
hair has fallen from his head.
"I could have knocked off and
taken It easy, but It I had done so
I would now be reposing in some
graveyard," was the way Johnson
put it. & .:':. " ' v
Besides being i a '', stonemason,
bricklayer, carpenter, plasterer,
plumber, tinsmith, painter, paper
hanger, decorator, glazier; electri
cian, wood carver and cabinet
maker; Johnson studied all the ins
and outs of laws governing real
estate, so-as to : save all title
searching and allied Tees
- . , A'- 5
'r'' -sill
- in
1
1!S
CARPENTER
IDLE BELIEF 1
! IS OBJECTIVE
Emergency Program Formu
lated at National Unem
ployment Conference
ADJOURNMENT IS TAKEN
Delegates Meet Again Oct
ober 1 0 to Develop Per
manent Action Basts
WASHINGTON, Sept. 30. For
mulation of an . Emergency pro
gram designed to effect the im
mediate relief of the nation's idle.
variously estimated at from S-
500,000 jto 5,500,f)(ro persons, was
completad today, by the national
conference on unemployment with
the adoptkra of specific measures
recommended by committees.
The conference then adjourned
until October 10, when it will con-
sider a permanent unemployment
policy and suggestions for the re
turn of business and commerce
to normal. Meanwhile its com
mittees will work on ' derails of
these subjects.
Task Community One.
The conference found the task
Of meeting the unemployment
emergency was primarily a com
munity one with the responsibil
ity of leadership and its solution
resting on' the mayors. Federal,
state and municipal aid, however,
was urged. -Particular reference
was made by the conference to
the connection between prices and
the solution of the country's eco
nomic questions.
"Duriog the 'period of drastic
economic readjustment through
which we are now passing," the
emergency r program said, 'the
continued efforts of any one to
profit beyond the requirements of
safe business -practice or economic
consistency should be condemned.
One of the important obstacles to
resumption of normal business
activity will be removed as prices
reach replacement values in terms
of efficient producing and distri
buting cost, plus reasonable pro
nt. . ' v .
"We.; therefore, stroncly urge
II & I i in 'naiii i iw im i ihm tf if iii iial -1
- .
; :?;IBiIHy -V.-:. : '
all manufacturers and wholesal
ers who may not yet have adopt
ed this policy to do so, but It is
essential to the success of these
measures when put into effect
that retail prices shall . prmptiy
and fairly ' refliect the price ad
justment of the producer, manu
facturer and t the . wholesaler.
When these principles haTe been
recognized and the recommenda
tions complied: -with, we are con
fident that the pnblic wm in
crease their purchases. thefVoy
increasing the; operations of th
mills, factories, and transporta
tion companies, and consequent y
reducing the number of unem
ployed." Seven Hundred Animals Are
Sent to Baffin Land As
' Planned by Explorer
CHRISTIANIA, Sept .24. A
representative of the Hudson Ba
company recently paid a visit to
Fin mark on behalf of the Cana
dian government and bought a
herd of 700 reindeer Which nro tn
be shipped to Baffin Land.
A number of Laplanders were
-also engaged to take care of the
animals which will be despatched
in September.
A plan for converting the Arc
Canada into a great wool, milk
ana meat producing area was pre
sented to the Canadian -government
by Vllhjalmuf Stefansson.
the Norwegian explorer of the Sa
il adian Arctic, more than two
years ago. ,
His project involved the Intro
duction into the .Canadian north
of large herds oj reindeer and also
the domestication and, develop
ment of great herds of musk ox
He estimated that there wero
from 1,000,000 to 2,000,000
square miles of land available for
grazing in a climate too severe for
cattle but where reindeer and
musk ox exist, all the year round.
In proof of his argument, he cited
the introduction by the American
government of reindeer herds into
Alaska. The explorer declared that
the growth of these animals in
the far north would help to solve
the food shortage then existing.
The Canadian government ap
pointed a committee to investigate
BEIMiE
SENT TO HI
I-. yi - ; -; ' - if . ' .
5ATUBDAY MORNIKG, OCTOBER.!,', 1921
SCENES! NEAR WHERE BIG GERMAN EXPLOSION OCCURRED.
jrWiAV"- ? y'fi-zr. v-v- ' 'A. f .t-i -
i r U& svt,v."ita l y.
i X- yi"1"-1 iuii-tv-'w rr wjm fWl mkVnjM
' 'H. AMi Iif iit;?r-;b ir :A
One thousand persons were killed In an explosion of 4rtUlcuU litrogca ,4t:thipppour Warns at' !Uid
.wigshafeiWidlrecUyopposite' Mannheim, on the Rhine.' - l-,..- Y,i'.uVAl i'-t. '-:v -t - ii1:f I'-s t'$Vi1::ft:-' -
The upper photo shows a river view of the stricken city." why Jowcr. pUoto ehowA yVwof the toU
bouse on the JLudwiffshatea aide of the bridge which connect this city with AhnclnVhh tht Other Bide oc,U
Rhine. r-. ; . - . '' !.; ."'.J;5 " y'f ;v;h'm1 .:'":tl-'-"':-iA
bis project- It was represented
that there: Is an abundant growth
of vegetation In the Arctic re
gions of Canada in the summer
and that the musk-ox and (rein
deer could graze on it throughout
tbe entire year.
.Read The Classified Ads.
I
would
makes
ical user$ of coffc
14
3 Ji
One morning s. Jorkins ;- leeked
over his garden fence! and said to
his neighbor:! "What - are yp
burying in that hole?"
"Just replanting, some of my
seeds, that's all.."! : was the reply.
Seeds?"; exclaimed' Jordan an
grlly. ''Looks .'more like one jof
my hens." . ',
Tkat's; all ' riirht." "TeTfUed the
TT I V
! j - 'j .- '
not supply fresher boffee
Bros. Red 'Gan'bfrahtj: The vacuum process
it ipossiblej as coffecWhcn
this method i$ protected prom
cannot deteriorater-one.qfithe
ons why Red Can is certain to
i . i
uhe O'Aginol
mciminwcfo
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3
4i
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other. The'aeeds! are inside."
Home Friend.
' "ho yon -realry en JOy ( co trj 1
rif. ld man?" : ' i . -,,V'iroi-bet3J'o!jr-:
f.pu' :
. , -What o you do wUh your.,
self evenings?" J , ; j - f '
"Oh, 'I com lo townWBoston
TranAcrlpt.'.n 1 . ', " :i ;' ' - ' - ".
TT
than Hills
packed'ty
jhe air ;aiid ; ; v ; ' :v
many reas
please arte
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