THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 21 ; 1921
THE OREGON STATESMAN. SALEM, OREGON
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- P WHITS, BEARING. GOLDEN HARVESTS
Sajjem sthe Filbert Center of the United States, and Millions of Pounds of These
. . fluts Ought to Be Grown Annually Here for the World's Markets, and Walnut
. ; Acreage Ought to Be Indefinitely Increased.
- Ths CJty Beautiful irau of The
Statesman is i-rintlng some pic
tures of filbert trees, with the idea
of suggesting the combination of
beauty and utility here.
i The filbert tree makes a beauti
ful tree, fit to adorn any lawn.
This is Well Illustrated in the fit.
icii. o mo iiwa oi ion. jonn
If. McXary, Center and North
Sdmmer streets, shown In a cat
With this article. It is shown also
In tne cuts made from, photos on
the farm near Salem of United
States Senator Charles L. McNary
and Walter T. Stolz, of this city.
What Is true of filberts Is also
true of English, -walnuts. If all
the 'shade trees ' In Salem were
Fraagnett and Mayette walnut
tree in full bearing, the annual
crop of walnuta would pay all the
taxes of the property oa or la
trout of which they stand.
senator McNary was one of the
pioneers in the growing of filberts
In' this district. . and bis enthusi
asm Is still Tcept up.
Some of the Advantages
' (JCnight Pearcy. who In Novem
ber list, furnished the following
article to The Statesman, Is an ex
bert In the filbert Industry. He is
a member of 'the firm of Pearcy
Bros., who are engaged in the de
velopment of fruit orchards and
nut groTea for themselves and oth
ers' In this section; their Salem of
fices being In the Oregon build
ing.) Editor Statesman;
Twenty years ago the first lo
ganberries began 'to bear .In the
Willamette valley. - Twelve years
ago the logan was still compara
tively unknown even among Ore
gonians. Today It is'4he second
most important fruit crop of the
taller end perhaps the third In
Importance of all the fruits grown
In this great fruit growing state.
The loganberry's phenomenal
Increase In : horticultural Import
ance will undoubtedly be dupli
cated in the case of the filbert
The first ' experimental filbert
plantings "began to fruit In west
am nnn aHtnt -1A an mm
The results obtained during the
past 10 years hare been such as
to encourage the planting of many
additional orchards. The great
enthusiasts In the filbert business
are those growers who hare been
growing this nut the longest.
The greatest obstacle to i in
creased plantings has ' been ; the
shortage of r nursery stock.. We
were talking only this week to a
grower who purchased a tract of
land n year ago that had on It two
acres of bearing filberts. This
year he harvested 4000 pounds of
nuts, end this in spite of the
fact' that the planting had never
been wen cared tor until f this
year and that many or tne trees
are kf varieties that do poorly
here. This man is now preparing
to plant 20 acres to filberts.
Many Points In Its Favor
There are many points in favoT
of thl nut as an orchard propo
sition in the " Willamette ' Talley.
Frost seems to bare little effect
in reducing the crop. The filbert
blooms during the winter, at a
time when the tree is bare of
leaves. Cold 1 temperatures . are
the rule at this season. Some of
the: best producing groves that
we nave are located in frost pock
efts! where our other fruits are of
ten frosted out Even the past
extremely ' cold winter, when the
temperature dropped to -20 below
filbert than- to most other Tar
tetles of fruit and nuts. In some
fates the catkins were frozen with
he result that no nuts formed
and in a few cases a few limbs on
a I few trees died, apparently as
n result of the freezing, but In a
majority of the plantings a' good
crop was 'set. the Dorrls grove at
Springfield, the Forbis grove at
Dtller and the Holsan tract In the
Pplk county hills above West Sa
lem having produced bumper
cross.
! (Kaia'at harvest time causes the
filbert grower little or the worry
that Is . caused the cherry and
nrnna rrnwpr? Thfl nUtS Can He
For
CuVFlbwers
Potted Plants
Floral Pieces
, Bulbs, Ferns, Palms, etc.
Or'
For Landscape Gardening
Phone 1250W
or Call at 1298 South 13th Street
Arthur Plant"
Florist and Landscape. Gardener
YYe will have a supply of nursery stock about
.January 1st
THE GROWING OF FILBERTS
on the ground a week without in
Jury. The labor problem, which is an
ever present one with the berry
grower, causes the filbert grower
little loss of sleep. The crop is
easy to pick up and a few pickers
can care for a relatively large
acreage. A few days delay In
harvesting the crop will not result
in heavy loss, as is the case with
so man of our other orchard
crops. 'Compared with apples,
there is little labor needed in
fjroduclng a filbert crop. There
8 no systematic spraying, al
though the trees should be given
an occasional winter spraying.
The pruning is not heavy. There
are no expensive and detailed op
erations such as thinning the
fruit,1 that are so necessary with
apples, pears and peaches. Or.
dinary cultivations such as should
be given the prune and cherry
are sufficient to cause the filbert
to thrive. No expensive equip
ment such as driers, smudge pots,
packing houses or cold storage
plants are required in producing
and marketing this nut.
' American competition is nil.
No section of the United States
other than western Oregon and
Washington and a limited part of
California can produce filberts
commercially, although certain
sections have been trying it for a
hundred years.
Americans consume around 15,
000,000 pounds of these nuts an
nually,' in spite of the fact that
there has never been any advertis
ing campaign or other effort to
make the nut more popular. We
may just as well be raising these
millions of pounds of filberts in
Oregon as to import them from
Sicily and Spain.
No serious disease has yet ap
peared to threaten this nut. We
have some insects and diseases,
but none that threaten to become
very serious. The worst pests are
the squirrels and Jay birds and
they are not especially difficult to
control.
Like the prune, the filbert does
well on many soil types. Certain
of our other trees do very well
on certain types of soil, but be
cause of the fact that these soil
types generally are found in
frosty locations . the tree is not
heavily planted on them. This is
true to a certain extent of the
walnut on the sandy loam river
bottom soils. It does exceedingly
well on ' these soils, but is too
often nipped by frost to warrant
heavy planting on such soils ex.
cept in favored locations. The
filbert does not have this frost
limitation and seems to prefer the
sandy river bottom soils above all
others, although it does well on
good bench soils or loam soils and
even does very nicely on red bill
soils, although it does not grow as
rapidly or as large as in the latter
soils.
Growers Should Diversify
Even with a crop offering the
many advantages of this one,, we
believe it to be good business to
plant at least one other fruit
crop along with it. Then in case
something unlooked for should
happen to one of the varieties
the other would still remain to
tide the grower over until another
season. ' The filbert enters nicely
Into certain combinations of crops,
In the hills cherries, filberts and
walnuts make a nice combination.
Their harvests follow, one another
so that the same help can be used
through a long season and they
are all profitable crops to growl
in the river bottom locations
strawberries, logans or rasnber
ries and filberts make a nice suc
cession of harvests. Many other
combinations of crops whose
narvest seasons are usch that
they ; do not compete with each
other, for labor, can be had.
Barcelona is our principal var
iety. It is a heavy producer of
nuts that are self husking, and
the bulk of the planting will prob
ably be of this variety until
some new and better variety
makes its appearance. The Bar
r
celona, however, should not be
planted in blocks alone. a3 it is
more or less self-sterile. When 4
planted with DuChilly it bears
much better crops. White Ave
line also seems to act as a polien
izer to Barcelona, but la in itself
less valuable than the DuChilly as
a commercial nut.
DuChilly Is self sterile, Barce
lona will not polenize it, but Da
viana and Clackamas will cause it
to bear. Hence in our i commer
cial plantings we plant largely
Barcelona with enough ! DuChilly
to pollenlze the former and with
enough Clackamas or Daviana to
pollenlze the DuChilly.
t We have had year old trees to
bear nuts, but when they do this
It Is at the expense of tree growth.
Nuts begin to bear about the
third year generally, although it
is usually the fifth year before a
commercial crop can be expected
and this when a grove has been
given every attention. From this
time on. however, the increase in
yield is rapid. We have records of
five year old trees that j bore 18
pounds of nuts and of 13j-year-old
trees bearing 65 and 70 pounds.
These trees are planted 80 to 100
per acre and prices realized last
year were 30 to 35 cnts per
pound to the grower, so the reader
can figure the possibilities in dol
lars and cents for himself How
ever, one cannot figure yields per
acre from the yields of exceptional
trees. We know of one grower
Who harvested 30 pounds per tree
from 50 trees on a half acre of
orchard. This is at the rate of
3000 pounds per acre and is one
that we can easily expect from 12-year-old
trees.
Viewed from all points, the fil
bert: offers many attractions to
the growers of this section. It is
frost proof, rain proof, I easily
narvested. bears earlr and heavi
ly, has little competition! from
ptber American sections and has
po serious insects and diseases to
threaten It. Our own faith In
It Is such that we are planting a
holding for ourselves this winter,
and ! the extent of our planting is
limited only by the size of our
bank account. 1
KNIGHT PEARCY.
Advantages in Brief
Salem Is as much the filbert
center of the United States as it
Is the loganberry center.
The loganberry Industry of the
world started here; the filbert in
dustry of the United States! start
ed 'here, and Salem will le the
world center of both industries.
All the filberts grown commer
cially in the United States are
grown in the Willamette valley,
excepting a few in Clarke county,
Washington, which is ' practically
a continuation of thi3 valley.
Last year, the filbert boom in
the Salem district had reached
the point where its growth was
limited only by the amount of
available nursery stock.
jThe time is approaching ! when
car loads of filberts will go out
from the Salem section then
train loads. '
'The expert in this line from
the United States Department of
Agriculture, visiting Salem not
long since, said we have the most
promising filbert groves here to
be found in this country.
iOur filbert growers have been
learning by experience pnd experi
menting. Pollination is the big
1. 1
Famous Diblbir&FranUln
3
fsni te.V r- VTZU A ..t z- i ?.
Seven Tear Old Du Chilly Filbert Trees at the! Stolz-JlcNary
Farm Near Salem. (United States Senator McNary in the
foreground.) -
thing in filtert growing. This
matter has resolved itself down
to about the following:
Plant Barcelona filberts, with
enough Du Chilly trees to pollen
lze them, with enough Clackamas
or Davidiana trees to pollenize
the Du Chillys.
You can plant 108 trees to the
acre, on the be?t soil; more on
light soils.
Then you may expect:
At five years, 500 to 1.000
pounds of nuts to the acre.
At six years, 1000 to 1500
pounds to the acre.
At 8 years, JMJ00 to 3,000
pounds to the acre.
At 10 years, 3,000 to 4,000
pounds to the acre.
At 12 years, 4,000 to o,000;
pounds to the acre. '
Figure this up for yourself, at
35 cents a pounds, as last year,
even down to 15 cents a pound or
less.
Can you teat it?
Then rememlrer that the filbert
Frost proof, rain proof, easily
harvested, bears early and heav
ily, has no serious pests or dis
eases And this section has no Ameri
can competition.
Is it any wonder that Pearcy
Bros., orchard and nut experts,
who make a business o" cultivat
ing orchards and groves for oth
er people, are now putting out for
themselves all the filbert trees
their bank account will stand?
Why shouldn't they, when th?y
can see better than gold mines for
the rich returns for the future.
"V": ?s"V, nrrr?& 'T;
The Largest Seven Year Old Barcelona Filbert Tree in the United States.
(The photograph from which the above cut was made was taken last fall by a member of
the photographic staff of the United States Department of Agriculture. The tree was seven
years old then. It stands on the south side 'of the lawn of Hon. John H. McNary at his
home, corner of Center and North Summer gtrets.) '
Tulip i Field Largest Privately
i ;'of Famous
and with the minimum of labor
?nd other expenses in the keep
ing uk of their groves, end in' har
vesting and marketing their
crops?
One other things The advice of
County Fruit ' Inspector Van
Trump ought to be regarded,
that is, every unprofitable fil
bert bush and tree ought to
be rafted over to the aBrce
lona. with a sprinkling of the
Du Chilly vnd the Clackamas or
Davidiana t' r pollenizing.
It ought to be made an offense
against the law to keep an unpro
ductive nut tree; of any kind, in
the Salem district, where the
right kinds ere now so well
known.
And one other thins: If you
Vive anywhere in the United States
outside of the Salem district, you
should get.to this district at once,
and get into oneiof the profitable
industries represented here into
the growing of loganberries,
prunes, flax, hemp, walnuts,
rears, apples, strawberries, ever
green blackberries, black rasp
berries, gooseberries, cherries,
"?tc, etc.. and various comercial
vesetables and I you should set
out at least a few filbert trees,
and milk a few fcows, and raise a
few hogs and goats and sheep and
other live stock. ,
This is a creat life, here in the
Salem district.: And growing
greater very last, and the room is
here'ajid to spare for hundreds of
thousands of more industrious
people 5rh0 will U3e their hands
and their heads.
r:
0vned Tulip Farm in the West.'
Holland BiJba ,
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An inspiring ouujkui ircctmu hi ui --imyuuty onainiw wj jwi -rft . r-r -17. 7 H
Far and Seen Much, ad Who Pronounces Salerp the; Most ipeutiful . l?ity irrf. ;
All the West, and Who Knows That Only a EJeginnirt9 Wss. Yet; geeji yade off m
the Making of the City
V
Editor Statesman:
Salem as the City Beautiful is
an inspiring subject. The ques
tion that each one should ask is.
do I appreciate the wonderful
beauty of my home city? How
much do I contribute to the im
pression it makes on the behold
ers of it beauty?
Have you ever stood on Reser
voir or Fairmount Heights and
bathed your soul in ravishing sun
sets? Have you ever seen the
plowing ending of a perfect d3y
ever the Polk county hills from
Capitol boulevard1? Have you
realized the wonderful forest set
ting of our city, where the vista
of every street ends in a back
ground of forest? Do you appre
ciate the wealth of greenery that
lines our streets and makes odr
larks resemble the arcadian for
ests of Arden?
These are some of the charms
with which nature has endowed
us and which add an evergreen
frame and setting of beauty to
our city at all seasons of the year.
But man has added a great deal
more than nature has ever done.
Without the wide streets, the
spacious parkings, the smooth
lawns, and the modern electric
lights and front yard and porch
decorations, Salem would still
produce the effect of a natural
wilderness. So it combines the
charms of landscapa art with
primeval surroundings of forest,
hills and mountain ranges pierced
with snow peaks and above all
a city encircled with state insti
tutions just out far enough not
to offend and near enough to add
their charms of beautified grounds
and plantings of flowers and
shrubbery as only the unlimited
labor supply of the state can af
ford to maintain In perfection.
Indeed, if you have an esthetic
sense developed to the highest
point of appreciation you can
- ' - :y-U
' A
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Bulbs Grown' Here Are Eqnai
rit 4-1
ITAT1T0 SEEASTlfT
hu
Beautiful that Is to Be and
COL. E. HOFEH.
thank your stars that you are an
inhabitant, not of the New Jeru
salem. but of a city that is set
four-square amid a heaven of
gifts that make it really the City
Beautiful of the entire western
coast country.
Most Popular City.
On account of its beauty Salem
is the most, popular home and
business city in the interior of
Oregon. This was attested on
Bargain Day recently when, thou
sands came . five to fifty , miles
from all directions to spend the
day in the capital. What fine,
prosperous people they were that
thronged our wide streets, filled
our hotels, theaters, shops and
restaurants, and then went homo
happy at night.
The Auto Transportation. . .
. The automobile has exerted a
wonderful transforming power.
Women who got off the farm once
or twice a year ten years ago to
Bee the city and do some trading.
can now get to town every week
Then it took all day to come and
go. if you lived 10 or 15 miles
out of town. If you lived put
20 or 30 miles it meant stay over
night, if you went to the city to
trade. In bad seasons of the year
it meant stay at home all the
long, dreary winter.:
.The motor car and good roads
have changed all this. . In an hour
or two the family covers a dis
tance that formerly took all day.
The auto has liberated the wo
man on the farm.
The country women and girls
who thronged the streets on -Bargain
day were as well dressed and
as stylish and "Smart appearing
as their city cousins. You could
cot tell them apart. Our wide
streets were parked with motor
cars for miles, and the visitors
that blocked the sidewalks looked
like bright flowers in the park
ings. The country women and girls j
added to the gay. appearance of
our streets, only they are more
substantial and seem to be bet
ter fed than the city women.. Not
so many of them have the soft
drink and nabisco wafer habit for
luncheon. .
Onr Wide Streets.
Certainly those who laid off
our City Beautiful with streets.
au loo leei wiae, must have had
the motor age in mind. Here Is
one city that will never suffer
congestion of traffic from motor
cars crowding narrow streets..
The motor car has doubled and
trebled the number of Deople who
come to Salem to trade.
It has increased the sriietv and
animation of our streets doubled
and trebled the trade -pf our mer
chants, the business of banks) ho
tels and newspapers.' ' This city
beautiful, with fine, broad pared
streets and level highways extend
ing Into the suburbs in all direc
tions, with wide streets that well
accommodate all traffic is des
tined to become the popular bus
iness, convention and, social cen
ter of western Oregpn, because t
beautiful location, setting and
planning lures the visitor to come
again. -
The Gladiolus City
A few yean agp the public vot
ed to call it the Gladiolus City.!
Xot enough have acted upon that
decision. - j
We have not made U the Qlad
loulus City.
The court houpe square, thanks
to the ladies of the Floricultural
society, will this year have great
teds of these glowing flowers,
holding aloft thiir flaming torch
es of beauty. This stately flower
can be had blooming three months
or even longer. The latest bloom
ed in November last year. It can
be grown as easily as corn, yet re
tails at $3 a dozen. j
This flower must be more made
of.
It remains on the stem in
bloom for weeks. It is hardy and
showy and requires no spraying
or protection against peris. Like
the tulip, growing "glaO" bulbs
is becoming a commercial indus
try.
Two Million of Them
Salem Beautiful attr?cted thou
sands of visitors last spring to
see two million tulips in bloom.
So at this season and until the")
state fair is held we should have
two million gladioli ia bloom
next year.
Besides som wonderful Indl
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i U;
a
Help Make Salem: Beautiful j
- ' "T - . n
Keep your lawn in trinv dur lawn mowers, hose, and
garden tools will . help you .
Paint
Phoenix Mixe4 Paintsj
RaytLrm
I city mww.
o Man Whn Was Travelpf!
Ougl)Ho Be.
f;
vlflnsl gardens, where nowem art
grown on a lavish scale, the Fail
Grounds have made Salem fanu
ous for their beautiful flower
shows. The great mass.es pf daU
las nd, dnhiftluins, sjaiiardfii
and sinnlas. heliotrope and holly
hosks, wonderful summer and faff
Mowers and - the beds . of Bcarlet
salvia ' must - hang like ' goldei
glowing memories In the minds ef ; I
visitors. ; ' i i I
The Crowning Glory i 5
The crowning ;glorr of this Cit ,1 f
Beautiful is its public plasa, wlt i
vi uvnuiuut y u n. UUIIUIUgf $
covering about 10 acres, , arnU i
park-)iko settings. These spar
clous lawns surrounding - great
white temples rand shrubbery i
ana nauve and ; imported trees 1
from all - parts of the world;
the whole bordered with roses and,
interspersed with - flower - bed
blooming almost the entire year 4
are a civic ensemble in landscaps i
gardening that cannot he matched
except br the Golden Gate park at
San Francisco. : i i
I And then if 70a desire to show
TlBitors a still I more beautiful
scene, take them la a motor caf 1
over the great steel bridge where 1
the bridges, trees and shores art
reflected In the, beautiful blu4
Willamette, and out through West
Salem through the' orchards ancf
upon ; the heights of - the Polk
coupty hills.'. They can sea thi
river i winding j below, ; a . cltf
stretching over six square mllei
punctuated with church stecplei
and a panorama of beauty surv
rounded by n semi-circle of st&ti
Institutions.
Out if jroa desire to give tIih
tors the most-magical jmpressiof
of our City beautiful take thc!
put pn Falrrapuni Heights at suiv
set. see the mists of delicate la 1
creep .over the Coast Range anf
the.yajley TceloT for mUe fllleS
with all the tints of the rainbow!
As you return in the oncpmlnj
wUight there is spread at your ,
eet the: City Beautiful gemmel
with thousands pf twinkling eloos
trie lights and row of clustet, T
lights crossing the city at right
angles, shimmering In' the ven ;
Ihg air with that "artificial light
that' neyer was on r sea or land?
No city In the west can compara 4
with this' in delightful effects, at ! :
once soft radiant, charming aad
beautiful. " 1 f ,' r
E. HOFER i
iSaiem, or;, July is. I9il ' v
; i
:up Sealing Cprncs Bacl H
Off Island of Vancouver
VtfiTORIA T. O... 3W 14 J U
Fur sealing has ceme back a&4
bn the west coast of. Vancouvel
bland alone this summer it is e
nected , Indians will : capmrf.
around 2,000 fur seals.
Pelagic sealing in British Co .
iumbia and Alaska waters at on i
jtlme was woyen round with , aH '
.the romance of adventure wealth, I
land international strife. Then,
through greed and lndiscrimwau
methods of slaughter practices
(by some of the sealers, the Indus-; ;
try decJined.-tha sean an vm n?r f
lappeared .and their, capture wa
Imade Illegal. i: ; : : " 'u'f..l
i Last year. It was estimates, tnt
waters of the wtst coast of 7ssni
ington produced 1.200 animals. ( ;
Officers ih charge of the Industry?
and its control claim that " ths
North Pacific ' herd hlch onci f t
contained ' as many : aa 2,500,00 '
fur aeali. wilt inereue TaoldlT. It .
is believed to he probable that t
100,000 animals may bertakel ;
each1 year, the catch to be made y
up wholly of 'surplus males select L
ed with 'reference to tneir ecw
nomlc value, and Canada may ul
timately receive in the neighno
i
a t
hood of $&00,000 annually front
the seal flaherjes
Eight Thousand ; Americans:
Uvindiln Mexico. City
mexico' ctff. ?iuiy 14.-
There are approximately 30,009 .
Americans in Mexico and pr. "-,,
number 8000 liv? in Mexico uiy. j
according to a recent estimate by ?.
the department of Immigration, t , i
! The number in Mexico City rep- ? ?
resents a decrease of 65 per cent ' ,
irrom pre-revolutionary aaya,, Amr f!
Orleans outnumber all other for
lelgners with the exception of the
Spanish. , ' ,
j It is also estimated, tha sines
Carranza was overtbrpwn xopra
than C000 American business niea
hare visited the republic. ,
Stray Deer Swims, Into j
Seattle Business Section, ;
SEATTLE, Wash -v July 14-.'
A stray deer, quitting his wood
retreat on Mercer Island, in Lake
Washington . here, swam almost
Into the heart Of the city of Seat ;
tl recently. : The crew of a. lake
I steamer sighted the fugitive. anf
nearly reached a clty dock, a las
oo mruwB irom tne boat ,caugnt
him. He was tnrnerl nr tn the
1 municipal too here. . .
E ... - " w .
ud with
and Chinamel Varnish
Hardware Co.
if
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