The Oregon statesman., April 24, 1921, Page 6, Image 6

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SUNDAY MORNING, APRIL 21, 1921 " '
Pi
THE OREGON STATESMAN, SALEM, OREGON
i (f
THE K
All MANAGEMENT
OF TURKEYS AS
II) A LECTURE BY A
Ml
I'll
11
An Article in Line With the Weekly Series That is Being Given in The Statesman
i For the Purpose of Developing the Poultry Industry on a Commercial Scale in
; The Salem District, Where There is Every Chance of Success for the Man Who
Will Give it the Proper Care and Attention Along Modern and Approved Lines.
( Hy. Jlobt. R. Slocum. Bureau
o Animal industry, U. S. Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
j : Note: The lectures given in
connection with the Madison
! Square Garden show during the
week of January 18, were of great
interest and lasting educational
; valuer.The American turkey came
in for share, and there ia pub
lished below a most interesting
discourse by Robt. R. Slocum.
Probably iost of us are famil
iar With this bird primarily as the
principal dish in the Thanksgiv
ing or Christmas dinner and we
think of him as be lies upon the
platter at the head of the table
done to a delicious brown and
with a background of cranberry
aauce, pumpkin pie and the other
good things that go to make up
the American dinner at Thanks
giving time.
J'ewer of us perhaps are famil
iar with this bird while he Is alive
jrrnd with the -various stages
through' which he passes in hia
course of preparation to gTace
the table. I want, therefore, to
tell you now something about how
this most essential part of our
ioltday dinner Is produced,
v here It grows, and particularly
ihat the opportunities are for one
to engage In the business of rals-
'.' isig turkeys. I realize that there
' not time In the short period as
signed to this subject to go into
the (matter in detail and 1 "hall
only attempt'theref ore to hit some
iif the high spots. At the conclu
sion of mr talk I have a number
eft lantern slides which will show I
yibu by pictures some or the thing
which 1 shall try to describe,
i There la at the present time a
jcbnslderable and I believe a grow
ing ipterest-in the subject of tur
key najalng Probably the 'ore
mosi reasons for this Interest are
the .prices which have prevailed
during the last two or three years
and the opportunity which eixsts
for jwttt., .In addition, to that,
however, many persons are at
tracted to the turkey on account
of, those qualities of slie, colora
tion and majesty of bearing, all
of which go, in my opinion, to
constitute him king of the domes
tic! fowl. ; in addition of course,
the fact'Ibat the tttrkey possesses
l table ' quality undoubted
ly iViuperlor to almost any
other kinds of met makes
hist ''rearing and object ' of.
majies 'bis rearing an' object of
interest to many. There Is a atlU
further tact which perhaps yo
may not have considered m which
- sboutd Jpnd to Ihe turkeys an lift
' usual Interest In our eyes. It la
theUact Jftl h turkey' li a na
tivet American ; and holds the
unique position of being practi
cally the ' only native animal
which has established itself in our
agriculture as an important eco
nomical domestic animal.
Ektent of the Industry-Tar-keylraisiag
Is practiced over a
widespread territory In this
country bat the, fowls are raised
in comparatively small flocka and
not by, any means on every farm,
yorfthis reason while the Indus
try fs widespread It Is not big as
compared with the chicken Indus
try. Most of, the turkeys are
reared at the present time In the
middle west and south. There
was -ia. time when, turkey ralalng
- was commonly practiced through
out Kew England and NewYork
atatei and when the turkeys from
that section played an Important
partita the markets of the coun
try. J Now, however, .the turkeys
coming from those sections are
relatively few and the great bulk
of supplies is drawn from the
. sections already mentioned.
jrf It Is of interest to note that
Wording to the census ot 19i
ther.wer In the United States tn
th neighborhood ot lx and a half
-T million turkeys While ten years
later,! the census reported only a
turkey state in point of number.
of Turkeys kept. This was fol
lowed in order by Missouri, Indi
ana, Illinois, Kentncky and Ohio.
lteaon for IWreased Production
The question Is frequently asked
why is it that there should have
occurred thisfc striking reduction
in the number of turkeys kept. It
must be remembered at the start
that turkeys are a semi-wild fowl
and for them to thrive and de
velon to the best advantage they
should have plenty of range. As J
the larger farms of the country!
hav. been cut ud into smaller .'
places the amount or suitable
range on individual farms has
grown less. As a result of this
the turkeys are more likely to
range over the neighbors' farms
and many times this aroused an
unTriendly feeling as the result of
the damage to crops, largely fan
cied, of which the turkeys were
guilty. Many farmers, therefore,
have preferred to discontinue tur
key raising rather lhan to engen
der the 111 will of their neighbors.
In sonri sections disease has
played an Important part In de
creasing the turkey population.
This has been particularly true
in New England where blackhead
has proved to be a serious ob
stacle to successful poultry rais
ing, although faulty management
has probably been more than a
contributing factor. In some sec
tions also foxes and coyotes havfl
proven to be serious stumbling
blocks. It Is probable, however, j
that the very generally held Idea
that turkeys are difficult to
raise haa had more to do with de
creasing the efforts along this
line than most other factors; and
It is true that turkeys are hard
lo raise if one does not under
stand the nature of the birds or
if one Is not prepared to give
them the careful and constant at
tention which they need while
Ibey are young.
It should be mentioned at this
point that while there Is a great
deal of complaint over the dam-
tge which turkeys are supposed
to do when they range through
grain fields, sight is usually lost
of the fact that a flock of tur
keys "may prove most beneficial
as Insect destroyers. Many In
stances are known ' where crops
were practically saved from the
ravages of grasshoppers by these
fowl. ''"'.' ,.
Opportunities for Turkey Raining
The greatest opportunity for
turkey? raising' Undoubtedly lies'
along the line of a small, flock
kept as a tide line on the general
farm. Under these conditions,
where the birds are allowed to
range after they have passed the
critical stage, they pick up a rery
large proportion of their feed
from the fields and woods and the
birds which are matured for mar
ket constitute a by-product of the
farm produced at a small cost.
Very little money Is Invested In
equipment of any kind and with
the good prices which, have pre
vailed 'during the past few yean
an excellent profit has been real
ized by those who were success
ful In raising the turkeys.
It is rather rare to U&jf tur
keys In flocks of more than" 15 or
20 hens. In fact, such a sized
flock In most localities would be
considered large. In certain sec
tions of the southwest portion of
the United States turkey raising
has been successfully engaged in
on rather a large scale where
flocks of young birds would run
a thousand or more In number.
It Is doubtful If any other section
cf the United States is as well
adapted for this purpose as are
these dry semi-arid sections.
As with all other . classes of
poultry or other forms of live
stock, there is an opportunity in
little lover three and a half mil-(turkey raising as a breeding' bus
lion turkeys. To be sure the con- r iness. From tbe'very nature of
mis of 110 was taken a monin
and a halt earlier than , that of
1900 'but In no case were birds
under! three months old supposed
to be reported and the difference
In times docs not therefore ac
count Jor this decrease. It seems
to be a fact beyond question thai
there was during the ten-year
perlodlfrom 10"0 to 191" a de
cided aecrease in vne uum
turkey raising It Is probable
that during the last ten years,
this dttcreaatt has not been carried
much farther and it hi even POw
ble that the census of l2 will
show some Increase In number ot
turkeys on farms over that of
1910. I According to the census
of 1910 Texas was the leading
BABY
h . . .
Itcduced prices every
day thb week. , Scver-
. i - -
varieties.
.nit 1 " . . . ; . ... .
CAN. Necdham
1
.'558 State SL
Qpp.osite&unty Court
l ;. House ,.
the .birds and th fact that in
breeding is carefully avoided.
there s a constant demand for
pood. strong, quick growing
breeding toms and turkey eggs
tor natcning Usually command a
ready sale at good prices. In this
connection' it Is interesting to
note the experience of a woman
during the pat y-ar who Invest
ed In some good breeding stock,
and who sold over 91. oo worth
or turkeys which she raised in a
single year.
. ItuoliM-MH for Farm Wnnwn.
Where turkeys are kept In small
flocks on the general farm the
business constitutes one which is
especially adapted to the farm wo
man of the country. I have heard
men say that their wives could
talk turkey to them. Perhaps this
accounts for their uccess as lur
key raisers. I suspect, however,
that it is some other quality
which enables women to make
uch a success of turkey rearing.
Little turkeys require careful at
tention and where the turkey
riock is a mere side line on the
farm the man or the place often
foels that he cannot spare the
time from his work, especially if
It Is at some distant point, to come
to the. house and give the turkeys
the frequent attention they need.
Th fact that woman's work keep
her close to th place where the
iUle turkeys are enables her to
give them the attention they ne?d
and makes' for her greater suc
cess In rearing a large percentage.
The experience of another woman
might bo cited in this connection.
With a flock of breeding turkeys
numbering from I5:to 20 she suc
ceeded In rearing enough turkeys
which, sold at local market price,
brought, her an aver$ge Of from
400 to JSDfv per yrear for three
years. A similar opportunity ex
ists for any farm woman who Is
adaptable to this kind of work and
who is willing to spend the time
and sive the attention necessary
during the early life of the little
turkeys.
Varieties
There are six standard varieties
of turkeys. They are the Bronze.
Narragansett, White Holland,
Black. Slate and Bourbon Red. Of
these the Bronze Is the largest,
the Narrangansett and Bourbon
Red next in size. White Holland
next, and the Black and Slate the
smallest. I'ndoubtedly the Bronze
is the most popular and it is the
variety which is most widely kept
of any of the pure stock. The
White Holland and the Bourbon
Red rank next in popularity with
the Narragansett following. The I
black and th slate turkeys are at j
the present time rather rarely
seen. Of course, a large propor-
tion of th( turkey stock met with
on the farms throughout the
country is of no particular vari
ety, but is rather a cross of two
varieties or a mixture resulting
from indiscriminate crossing in
the past.
Making a Start
In making a start in turkey
raising only the keeping of pure
bred stock should be considered.
This Is because purebred stock
will run larger in size and will
prove to be so much more attract
ive that there will be greater op
portunity for sales of breeding
stock. In selecting breeding stock
for purchase one should be sure
to select individuals which have
vigor and strength to the most
marked degreee possible. Good
size should likewise be selected
although it is not always wise to
pick outrthe extremely large birds
as these may not prove to be
quite so good breeders and. are al
so likely to be a little slow In ma
turing. It is usually best to start
by purchasing in the fail a torn
and two or three breeding hens.
This will give enough stock to get
a good start without making too
heavy an Investment and from this
start the size of the flock can eas
ily be built up if success war
rants. It is best to purchase the
breeding, stock In the fall as at
that time there are a greater num
ber, of bird rom which to make
a selection.- Purchasing at this
time will also allow , the birds to
get., thoroughly accustomed to
their surroundings by the follow.
ing, spring when the breeding sea
son opens.. Of course a start can
also be made by purchasing eggs
for batching in the spring and
setting these undr a chicken hen.
li Is often difficult, however, to
locate sources from which hatch
ing eggs can be purchased.
Inbreeding.
The question often 1 arises in
connection with breeding turkeys
whether or not they should be in
bred. In general It may be said
that Inbreeding should not be
practiced. Turkeys do not seem
to. be able to stand inbreeding as
well as some other classes of poul
try which have been under domes
tication longer. Most turkey rais
ers make a practice of securing
breeding toms of fresh blood each
year or each second year. Where
turkeys are kept and bred for the
production of exhibition stock it
is of ocurse necessary to resort
to line breeding as the Introduc
tion of new blood frequently and
promiscuously would be more than
likely to upset the quality which
had been attained. In line breed
ing, however, the greatest care
must be exercised to see that the
birds selected for the matings pos
sess vigor to an unusual degree.
Age of Breeding Stock
How old should the breeding
stock be? Pullets should never
be bred unless they are early
hatched and well matured. Hens
in general make better breeders
than pullets. Some turkey rais
ers do not keep their hens longer
than the second breeding season
and most hens are not profitable
after they are four years old. Well
matured, early hatched cockerels
can be used Tor breeding and year
ling toms are alao good. Older
toms are not as a rule aa satisfac
tory because of their greater
weight and their greater clumsi
ness. A good vigorous young torn
can be safely mated to as high as
15 hens. With a flock of 25 or
30 hens two tons must be kept
and it Is better not to run them
with the hens at the same time as
they will fight. They should be
alternated each day or else one
should be run with the hens In the
morning and the other in the af
ternoon. tiive the Breeder lee Range
If possible to arrange it the
breeders should, be given Ire?
range. However; there are some
disadvantages lo this, perhaps the
most serious of which i that the
hens will steal their nests and
these may prove difficult to lo
cate and the eggs may be lost
through chilling early in the sea
son or through thefts by preda
tory animals. Then. too. even
though stolen nests aro located
and the hens given the attention
which they need, these nests are
apt to be located wide apart and
the labor of looking after quite
a ii ii in hit ii liens i nereiore ie
comes burdensome. For these
reasons many turkey raisers pro
vide breeding yards. Sometime
small yards are used, but even
where the flock is no larger than
20 or 30 hens the breeding yard
should be one or two acres in ex
tent. . An orchard surrounded by
a fence makes an excellent brccd
InjyaTdTothet tarkvy nn? - It
Is a good practice even with a
roomy breeding yard to let the
hens out during the Iatt-r half ot
the afternoon after the egg have
been laid. ,
Nests or nesting places "such as
barrels laid on their side should
be provided in conventient loca
tions so as to induce the hens if
possible to make their nests there.
If serious trouble Is encountered
with hens flying over the fence
this can be prevented by fasten
ing ;i shingle or paddle across the
back secured to the wings 8o as
to prevent them from flying. This
is better practice than clipping
Ihe wings, which renders the
Siird unable to roost out of reach
of foxes or coyotes and also ren
ders them of less service for
brooding the young turkeys.
Feeling the Breeding Stocks
The breeders should come through
the winter in a good condition oi
flesh but should not be fat to be
in the best breeding condition.
Where birda are able to socure a
pretty good supply of teed for
themselves over the range as is
the ease in some western sections
one good feed of grain a day dur
ing the breeding season la suffi
cient. In the north where practi
cally no feed can be secured on
the range at that time of year
they should be fed twice. Some
growers feed a mixture of equal
parts oats, wheat and corn with
some vegetables or clover or al
fal'a as a green feed. Others
feed three or four parts of oats
to one of corn. Some animal
feed should also be suppl'ed the
breeders either in the form of
beef scrap or beef liver or lungs
or skim milk. Sometimes a lay
ing mash such as is fed to hens
'is niven to the turkeys to start
them laying but unless the birds
have ben used to mash it may be
some time before they will eat it
well. A supply of oyster shell
and grit should also be furnished
and there should of course be
plenty of good fresh water.
In the south and west shelter
is seldom supplied to the birds.
Some turkey raisers in tho north
do not provide shelter but it is
best to do so and in any event
there should be some place avail
able such as a barn or shed into
which the birds can be driven
during the most severe weather
Turkeys are rather susceptible to
damp, and a severe aleet storm Is
very bad for them if they-bave no
shelter. Where a regular shelter
is supplied for the birds this
should have the south front open
and should be used only during
the winter. As soon as the spring
comes the birds should be turned
out of the shelter and made to
roost out.
Breeding and Ikying Season
In the south the breeding sea
son begins as a rule early In Feb
ruary. In the north ft runs about
a month laterT Laying usually be
gins In about a week or 10 days
after the hen mates. for the first
time. The single mating usually
suffices to fertilize all the eggs In
a litter, but the hen generally
mates several times before she
begins to lay. There is a consider
able variation in the number of
eggs which different females will
lay but as a general average It
may be said that the first litter
will consist of about 18 eggs, the
second of about 12 and. the third
of about 10.' Some hens if they
are broken up when they become
broody will lay four or five litters
but it is not good practice as a
rule to let them lay more than
three as the turkeys hatched from
the late litters are too late to be
profitable.
I ocating Stolen Xcsts.
As stated before, turkey hens
if allowed free range will almost
Invariably steal their nests. Jt
often becomes very difficult to lo
cate these nests especially by try
ing to follow the hen for if she
is aware that she ia being fol
lowed she will proceed to ber nest
by a very round about course.
Perhaps the best way U locate a
stolen nest is to shut up the hen
until late in the afternoon-' Since
ehe has been holding up the egg
until this time when she is let out
she will make haste to get to her
nest in order to deposit the egg
and she can therefore be more
readily followed.
Hatching
Eggs for hatching must be giv
en some care. They should bo
gathered daily or more "often if
I the weather is cold to prevent
chilling. It is good practice to
date the eggs as they are gathered
to guard against the danger of
holding them too long before set
ting. Like hens' eggs they should
be kept at a temperature of about
50 or 60 degrees F. and should be
turned once daily, handling them
carefully sou not to crack or in
jure them. The period of incuba
tion of turkey eggs is about 28
days. During incubation it is us
ual to test the eggs twice, about
the 10th and 20th days, at which
times the infertile and dead esus
should be taken out. Tho best
method of hatching turkey eggs
is by the use of turkey hens,
t hicken hens and Incubators can.
however, be usei successfully and
are used to a considerabla extent
for the reason that it is usually
desired to break up the turkey
hen when they become broody in
order to get them to lay other lit
ters ot esgs. The proper number
of egK to Mt under a hen depend
upon the season and upon the size
of the hen. From 8 to 10 eggs
should be set under a chicken he.n
the size of a Plymouth Rock.
Nests for a sitting hen are best
constructed on the rround which
should be slightly hollowed out
and furnished with a thin cover
ing of hay or straw. A good sized
coop should Ik, placed over the
net so as to protect it from ani
mals. A turkey hen is ready to sit
when she stays on the neM for
two or three nights in succession.
If she is moved from the location
where she stole her nest to some
other nest that is prepared for her
this should be done at night and
she should be shut on tho nest by
means of a coop. When she is let
off for feed the following evening
"he is likely to return to the lo
cation of the stolen nest and it
may ho necessary to bring her
hack to the new nest several
times. The sitting hen should bo
let off the nest each night for
feed and water. If any eggs are
broken tho zroken portions of the
egg' should be removed, any
soiled eggs should be cleaned and
soiled nesting material replaced
If the weather is dry th eggs
r
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N'o 1, Mammoth Itronze turkeys on fairm range where they thrive best. Xo. 2, turkeys drt-swd'and packed to '
bring best market price. Xo '.I, direct from producer to consumer Maine method of j marketing' turkeys.- Xo.
4, driving toe-marked turkeys of neighborhood breeders' to market in droves, a scene fiunlliar' nbout'.Oak' '
land, Oregon, before Thanksgiving. "1. '-,:!:t'.-"L;.
f-.
should be Bpriukled liberally two
or three times during the last
w.eek.
Some turkey growers make a
practice of removing the first
baby turkeys which hatch In or
der to keep the hen from becom
ing restless and later return
these turkeys to her after the
hatch is completed. During the
time the hen Is sitting she should
be dusted with some good Insect
powder several times in order to
tree her from lice.
Brooding and Rearing,
."i We. now come to the phase of
jturkey raising which is the' great
est stumbling block In the whole
business and that. Is the matter of
brooding and rearing the young
turkeys. Losses of young turkeys
In. many instances are very heavy
and maV be due'to any one or
more of the following causes:
Exposure to damp and cold, im
proper or overfeeding, too close
confinement, lice, inherent weak
ness In breeders, disease, preda
tory animals. It will be seen that
most of these causes of heavy
mortality are preventable in large
degree and with proper manace-me-nt
and with sufficient experi
ence the turkey raiser should be
able to rear a fairly large propor
tion of the young turkeys hatched.
As 9 rule it is best to remove the
hen and her brood as soon as the
hatching is completed to a coop
where tho hen can be confined
while the poults can run outside
of the coop. Such a coop must be
dry, provide plenty of ventilation
and must be capable of being
closed closed at night so as to pro
tect the turkeys from animals. A
coop 3x6 feet or one four feet
square is roomy enough. The
eoop should be -located on short
grass if possible so that the young
turkeys can be allowed to run
earVier in the day without setting
wet by running through the long
grass. A well drained location is
also desirable and the coops
should be located as conveniently
as possible for the person who has
to take care of the turkeys while
at the same time keeping them
away from the chickens as much
as possible. It may be nee?ssary
especially during bad weather to
confine the young turkeys to the
coop for two or three days after
hntcMng or lor portions of 'lays
but they should be given free
range with the mother as soon as
Uitsy art) truiig enough to Maml
it.
Tho turkey hen makes the best
mother as she seem better able ty
make the young turkeys under
stand what the wants them to lo
and keep her brood together bit
ter. She also protects them well,
teaches them to hunt the kind of
food they need such as grass
hoppers, and does not wejtn them
too early as tho chicken hen does,
it is best not to give a turkey hen
more than 20 poults although as
many as 30 or 35 aro often .seen
with tho hen.
In feeding. seep the turkey
poults hungry all llu; lime. Never
feed them so mitclf as to destroy
thejr desire to range. If feed on
the range is scarce or it they are
cqnfined, feed them four or five
time daily but feed them lightly.
As smin as they are' allowed to
run and if they can .serirre ' ronio
feed on the range two or three
times. daily is-often 'enough. As
soon as the range becomes well
nupplied with feed, and Ihey are
allowed t range with thii. mother
hen, feed them only once" and that
teed should be given at night for
the purpose of bringing them
bome . to roost. Many different
feeds are used successfully, such
as hard-boiled eggs, bread crumbs,
stale bread soaked In tni!c and
tqueezed dry, -clabbered milk and
Corn bread crumbs, and pin head or
hulled oats, whole or cracked
wheat and cracked corn, the prin
clpal thing being to see that they
are not overfed. Sour milk as a
drink for the young-turkeys is a
valuable feed as well as a disease
preventive. Usually after the
poults are about three weeks old
tha special feeds which have been
used up to that time can be grad
ually discontinued and ordinary
chick feed or a grain mixture sub
stituted. It is very necessary to watch
the poults carefully and to exam
ine them about the head to see
that they do not have head lice.
These will cause a heavy mortal
ity. Body lice may also become
bad and ar likely to bo found on
Ihe wings In the Creases between
the main wing feathers.
When growing turkeys ar!
about six weeks old they are usu
ally old enough to roost. A roost
should bo constructed for them
in Konie sheltered place out of the
wind and at least five or six feet
ff the ground. The birds can be
taught to roost there by driving
them up just before dusk and
feeding them there. Then a.-
dusk coines on they will go to
riiost in the place provided for
thrn.
Artificial methods of brooding
yoking turkeys are not very com
mon, and in most hands arc not.
very sunccossful. although some
instances have been reported of
excellent success in using artific
ial methods.
lKeas- anil Discu.se Invention.
Turkeys are troubled by seve
ral diseases, tho most serious of
which ia blackhead. In addition
to this some of the more com
mon diseases are chicken pox or
sore head, roup. limber neck,
worms and diarrhoea or bowel
trouble, especially of young tur
keys. , In combatting diseases the
main effort should be prevention.
The first step in this should be
to keej( only good, healthy breed
ing stock. The second step should
be to confine the turkeys as lit
tle as" possible, whether breeding
stork or growing .tock. The fifth
step U to keep the birds, espe
cially the young stock, dry and
tree from exposure, and finally,
careful watch should be kept tor
the slightest sign of sickness and
If any is discovered lb' sick birds
should be isolated from lh" jest
of the flock. It does not pay to
treat hinf. which are seriously
sick, as there is danger of spread
ing the di.tac: Iliroiigli U.: lest
ol the flock, and it is therefore
llie best practice to kill such
birds and burn them or bury them
deeply. It should also be remem
bered that turkeys will not tiirive
so well if lliey are kept with
chic kens, arid iriMifar us o.'-silrl.j
they should be kept entirely ep
trate. fattening Turkeyx. As the hol
iday season approaches the great
bulk of turkeys ar-? prepared for
market as most of them find
i their way to market either for
Thanksgiving or Christmas. It is
a common practice to begin feed
ing the turkeys about November
1 in order to fatten them for
Thanksgiving. ' hut a better jd'-a
is to be-in feeding about (ctober,
gradually increasing the fianlity
of feed given. Com the best
fattening feed. hut new corn
should not he fid unless th- bird-
are greatly accustomed to it. In
fattening., (e.-d Imhtly night ami
morning, gradually increasing the
amount until they are bi-ijig given
fi! they will eat in, during the
week b-'ferr marketing It i. a
mistake to try to pen t), turkcya
for fattening. They may eat. well
for a day or so. but then fall in
nppetite and d-o not lalten well.
Most luifceys are sold alive bv
the growers. From the hovers
hands they arc either wnt to inar
J:et alive iu ear lot or an dressed
fn regular -poultry killing estab:
Ibhriunls. In Home Kections of
the country where turkey raiaing
is quite common men make a
business of going out through tho
country buying the turkeys and
driving them in fairly large
flocks to the packing house. Thefe
are known as turkey drivers, and
the flock often, consists of several
thousand birds.
Turkeys are generally dry
picked when they are killed com
mercially. Where turkeys $.re
dressed on the farm for local con
sumption they should also be
dry picked, and it is very neces
pary to be sure that the carcasses
tire thoroughly cooled before they
are packed or shipped.
r,1
us i
BASIN BATE CASE
'I
Commerce Commission Der
nies Petitions of Astoria.!
and Puget Sound
WASHINGTON, April 23.
Portland re-established its victory
in the Columbia basin rate case
today when, the Interstate Com
merce commission denied the pe
titions by Puget sound and Astor
ia interests for a re-hearing.
As the nsult of the action,
Portland will maintain a 10 per
cent differential over Puget sound
and ' Astoria on rail shipments
from the inland enipjre.- ?
Specifically, the original order
requiring a T, per cent reduction
in rates to Portland and Vancou
ver. Wash., and a corresponding
increase in rates to Puget sound
remains in effect, thus automati
cally establishing the 10 percent
difference. .
It is expected here that tho
new tariffs will be ordered into
effect at once as a result of to
day's decision, which thrusts aside
the final barriers. They have al
rady been prepared.
DOBDEOS BJTEB
House of San "(Tranasco;.
Clerk of Justice Court : r
I Is Jinx ';
SAN FltANClSCO.JCaU "April
23. six times the home of Robert
Dennis, chief lerk of the Justice
court here has been robbed, tna
latest entrance having teen 2
forced last week. Fire; times the
robbers have been caught and
convicted. Two men are held bj "
;the police and have confessed to
he latest burglary, the officers
say. r," ,'
I A sign on the home,' door,
.placed by Mrs. Dennis today,.
freads: - . -
"Burglars take notice!;
J' "This house has been robbed
fclx times. There is nothing left ;
to steal. Savoyour spare tint' ,
nd spare my rocks, and wtndowi.
'Also this house is a Jinx. Ail 1
burglars who entered here, ha
been caught. '
ii im,. n.H. .
I II C V DUIIi , , - " ' , f J T .
PADDOCK
B S
WORLD
'S
RECORDS
Southern California Sprinter
Takes Fotirfiacos In
Athletic Meet
EE CAMAL TOLLS
TO BE
V
Nffl
three . Bills r Restoring, Shp-. -
ping Law Arc Prc;-':.,rr
rented . :
ii
ih
KKIU.AXnS. Cal.. April a::. -Charles
V. Pjtddoc: ur th" I'ni
versMy or .Southern California,
broke worlds record for Kmi me
ters; '.'do. meters. 300 van':? and
:iin meters.' at the Southern Cali
fornia A. A. 1". meet here today,
.ccording i, official timers.
Trddorkv? time for inn meters
was Ur 2-:, ; 20 meters, 2 1 1-a ;
:! yards 3) 1-5; 300 meters,
i n , - '
II" rtlll 1 IWl iarU In 1 S t-if.
onls, tying the world's reeorl
and 2 Z n -yards ia 1 i-T, seconds.
l;iddock m.ide the loo meter
nd loo ard marl:! in the lioi
yard dash or the. meet and the
ethers in i. 2U.V;ird da:Ui. ex
tra iaiea having been-. affetciied
to catch Ii in' time.
The meet was won by Pomona
eolle" with. :i: points, - Tlv I'ni
veisttv of ("alifortri.i'waa reeond
wiiH the ,os Angeles Athletic
chili third, Jwith 27;' Oe.rfdental
college fourth. wHb 17; Oxnard
high "school ftfth 'with 12; an.1
Badlands university sixth with
10,
estoratioft of free tolls through
uie ranama canal io. Amcn'
tihippinfi: will taken up tkext
ft ; rv ury i itn nvii s iu n 7
kls committee, of which Senator
tVirah, Itepubltcan, Idaho,
chairman. -
i Three hills dealing with the fr
toils question are before the com
hiitfee. Introduced by Senators
Borah. Jones of Washington, and
I'oindexter of Washington, all Re
publicans. Two would limit the
free toll privilege to America"
oastwjHo shipping while anoth"
would giw. the privilege to all ,
bips flying the American flag. -' -
I MOTfHtCYCl.lST IS VICTIM' "J .
IWALI.A WALL.V, Wash., April
33.- Itich NVIilttnan. Whltmsa
eilleue freshman, became' eon
I'll sed while riding a new motor
ejrclc" tonight and turned on more
lias Instead of less when be sa
a big automobile driven by Elmer -,.
iiorie in front of him with thee
sjilt that he hit Storle's car .
hard a wheel and fender were torn
or. Both of Whitman's legs wers
broken anad he sustained a deep .
scalp wound. , '. i
p '
iRriction Between Moors
I And Spaniards scoiicu
fMADUIH,, April, 23.- -Ulspatchel ;
ftm Tangier. Mortcco. today,
ttling of the imminence of seri ;
o'ps friction between tho Moor
airil Spaniards as a result of tb
refusal or the Moorish officials t
permit Spanish fishing boats to
operate, were " discredited by offi
cial of tho sfato department, na
KM-tho incident., wa nnlmp1 '-.
tniit and an amicable settlement
of it was expected soon.
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