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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (April 8, 1920)
. 4 ' . - ' .. . . - ! TOE Onrr.OX STATKSMA.V UltTtSIMV. APRIL . r ' J.i.- )!;... if i i ' ' .'' : Hi V 1 n ! .MIIM.IMMI I III ; t EVERY FART.I IEEPITG LIVE HAVE SILO STOCK SHOULD Jcmc Hubcr Says Nearly All Kinds bf Live Stock Relish Si l) hTlTPPK Jot Silage- An Insurance Against Loss Silage a Good Summer Feed, Too - - (By 'Jesse Huber.) - It is How conceded by 'progressiva farmers that -u stlors one of the ne cessary equipments of every farm on Which lire stock is kept. ' At thef barn la the storage place for bay and other cured feeds, to the silo Is the container for succu lent food so necessary to supplement the harsh, dry forage usually fed to livestock, daring-periods of drouth In summer, and the long, dormant months of winter. j, 'Nearly: all kinds of farm animals relish silage after they bare formed a liking for 1L It Is recommended as a .supplementary feed Tor horses, .acting not only as an iavigorator but - also as a tonic - ; , . , 1 "Silage can bo fed to sheep with profit.: 'They V will f eat It greedily when pastures bare dried up or dur ing the long months of winter when ' only dr hay is wHhln their reach. -r - A number of the larger sheep ranchers in eastern -Oregon and Washlsgton have ereeted large silos, which they keep tilled with nutri tious food to feed to their flocks at stfch time as a succulent ration ? Is necessary. ZTbl feed Is not only economical. It also provides tor them a near substitute for range ' plsture. ; r ' . ..;;,-.. V."f- iK Chicken Eat Ritage. 'Chielen will eat silage with rel Ish and profit. It Can, in no sense, is regarded as a Substitute for grain . for the feathered' flock; yet the need ; of a substitute 1 for the gTeen grass . 'of , summer 'Is 'supplied, in a large treasure, by giving the hens a chance to 'eat "whatever 'silage their .appe tttea mar call for.'-;:--., ' Bllage ,1a not considered a desir able feed for growing pigs or fatten ing 'swine. ' About . all the benefit that hogs get out of silage is from the ' amount of corn or other grain it-; may contain. Brood sows, how erer, are said to profit by being fed ,' ' some silage., . v...', -r I ; '".This feed Is most valuable when ffi to aaimals of the cattle kind. Ail, ages and breeds "Of cattle eat freely of .'silage, Toung, growing alack can be brought to maturity more rapidly and economically by . feeding silage and hay than when Ly Is .fed alone,, or when pastures are beginning to fall. u ; v v 'Best-Feed for Ctows.:' . i . ,rlt is when fed to dairy" cows that anage finds Iti ehlef Use. Years of experience Eas"5 brought dairymen' In the Pacific northwest to the realiza tion that profits In the milk Indus try can be Increased only at the feed hill la lessened. A dairy cow-responds-most liber ally In her flow of milk only when t!. food she : eats "contains the ele ments demanded by nature 'for the production of lacteal fluid. Where rottghage, 'concentrates and succu lent feeds are given in proper pro portion, the highest yield of milk is 'obtained. . Good "results cannot he secured by feeding either of these alone. There is not much mine in hay. Nor could a cow be kept in milk ing condition by feeding only silage Or grain. Each of these supplements the other and must be fed in proper combination or loss will follow. Generally speaking, an average dairy cow in full flow of milk Is fed a daily ration in the proportion of : 10 pounds of clover or alfalfa bay, 40 pounds of corn silage, and 10 pounds of chopped grain. The grain ration, . however, may Tary with the amount of bntterfat that is gi-en. The rule generally fol lowed, is to feed one pound of grain dally for every pound of - butterfat-l the cow produces during one week; Crops' for Silage. J Almost any field crop will make ensilage If It is cut at the proper stage of ripeness and placed into the silo according to approved meth ods. ' Corn, however. Is universally regarded . as the most satisfactory crop for filling, the silo. . Corn, intended for ensilage should be planted early In May so as to reach the siloing stage before , the frost should check., its - further growth. . .Corn is ready for cutting Into the silo - when the grains are glazed and. have attained a fair de gree of hardaess. An average crop of corn . will make- from 8 to 12 tons . of cured ensilage on an acre of land. -; .-.-)- -. Corn silage Is quite rick In concen trate food, since it contafns air of the ear ' corn that the ' stalks have produced. Neither clover nor alfalfa alone makes good silage. .These develop too mden acid. .Leguminous crops Should always be made into hay and fed as roughage. Should It be found necessary to turn them into the silo they should he combined with an equal I bulk of green rye. wheat or oata at a fair stage of ma turity. ' These should be cut- Into the silo in alternate loads with the clover Or alfalfa. The rye, wheat or oats will help to neutralise the excessive acidity arising from the legumes. - - : Oata and vetch for Suage. Oats and vetch make good silage It the r combination Is allowed to grow until the , pods on the vetch plant begin to turn brown. Varions mixtures, as sunflowers and corn, or Kentucky Wonder beans . and corn, planted together. have given cood results.. Whether there is a distinctive gain In such mixtures over a crop of corn grown) alone is not yet fully determined. An Insurance Against 1m. The silo Is. In a sense, an insurf ance against loss. A hay crop is always more or less in peril of being deteriorated - ia quality by a drenching shower while cut and still rn the field.- Corn may become frosted before fully matured. In either of these cases loss may be prevented by immediately putting the wet hay or the frosted corn into the, silo. : Silage In Summer. Then again, we have periods of drought during the so-called dry season in the Pacific northwest. During the summer months pastures dry up and, in consequence, tho growth of livestock Is' Checked and the flow of milk of the dairy herd diminishes. It is at such times when succulent feed ia scarce that silage comes to the rescue. July. August and Sep tember are very trying times for the dairyman who has not fortified himself against shortage of teed by having on hand a well-filled silo. A silo may serve, therefore, a double purpose. It may be filled In 'July with fall-sown retch and oats and the silage ted- during the period of summer drought, which inevitably follows. When empty in early Oc tober it may be filled again -with corn, which would supply the neces sary silage during the winter. , i ..-. ! ridge from which the roof boards and doors slope, ngure 16 snows me construction of the roof. The doors are arranged In four sets, each set having two batten doors. Thus each set la hinged m-the top aide -of the roof aand each pair Is hinged to gether on the under side of the roof. The doors require latches or weights. The part of the root not covered by doors is board U over with two thicknesses of aongue and groove material. In order that the roof may me solid, short Txi Inch headers are set in between the joists at the pitch of the roof. This method of roofing allows the silo to be filled to Its ca pacity aad is the cheapest of ail roofs. Figure I shows similar roof doors. , . ' . ;' (Jnute and Ladder a cnuie saoutu be built over the doors to preTeui scattering of the silage when thrown down. This makes it posainie to catch all 'the silage In a truck.. A rood substantial ladder should be . atuched to the silo at one side of the doors or in the chute, as Indi cated In Figure 6. Figure 9. Hoops In place for Wooden Hoop Silo. , A SILO FOR EVERY FARM ; (Continued from page 3.) tacks made for v the purpose. Next, on top of the building paper, place the second-ply of wood strips simi larly to the first. (See Figure 4.) Siding In case it is desired to Im prove the appearance of the silo and also Its durability .siding may be put on either by bending strips around it or preferably by sawing short lengths of siding and nailing them to the studs. In this latter case the line of joints should be covered; by a metal strip usually obtainable in the market. Still another way of weather boarding Is by partly sawing the piece of siding with a very heavy or thick saw and bending the piece to the shape of the silo, nailing the stud. (See Figure .7.) Figure 11 shows the re-saw silo without siding. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE , WOODEN-HOOP SILO. Lay-out This silo ts constructed similarly to the re-saw silo up to the top of the concrete foundation wall. Here, four; 1-9x11-2x42 inch Iron straps are embedded In the concrete for anchors. See Figure 11.) 4 Hoops As shown by Figure 13, the hoops are made of 3-Sx4 Inch strips nailed together 3-pIy with broken joints for all silos up to 14 feet in diameter and 4-ply for all larger silos. The outslde-hoop join ing should be , wrapped with a 12 Inch strip of No. 28 galvanised iron to keep it from springing outward. In constructing the hoops, - in order to have them perfectly round, it is necessary, that a mocking - ol some sort be set in place upon which to i.--:c-f , - -.v.w -'... C - 3 " - K. " o '' 1 V SOfilE TIMELY SUGGESTIONS TO THOSE WHO GROW FLAX Rlr. Clark of Pcrlland, a filah of Wide Experience, Offers a Number of Hints on How to Produce the Best Fiber Just a few timely suggestions to those who are planting flax for fiber. Tlax should be sown In the spring Just, as soon as the ground and the weather -permit, thoroughly pulver izing the ground and making It free from all large clods. Remember, the seed Is small and It has to force its way around the -large lamps ot earth. It should . have , good drain age... The .seed tfpens too quickly la wet ground and. does not germin- MAT7C 'It IfLV. Zz A-"yTR HA1LC7 Th t x Figure IS. "Plan Detail of Hoop for Wooden-Hoop Silo. fill m 1 1 b 1 MDI AIM A SILO', Dcincajtrated To Be The Greatest Economic Means Known in Scientific Feeding A I Twenty ' L Sncccssful suo : : V Expert. Sy J . kT' 4 I Y I Figure 10. The hoops serve tempo rarily as a ladder. ; mold them. Thla is most easily ac complished by spiking-small pieces of 2x4 Inch material to a -smooth floor In such a way as to form a per fect circle, upon which the hoops are constructed. ( See Figure 12.) The hoops In the silo should be about 24 inches ' apart so that a 30-foot silo would require sixteen . hoops, there being one at the extreme top and one six Inches from the bottom. After all the hoops are heady, they are stacked one on another at the proposed site of the silo; Erecting For the erection ot these hoops, six uprights, the height of the silo, are marked with the po sition, that the hoops are to occupy, (See Figure 9.) These uprights. which may be 2x4 inch, or even 1x6 inch timbers, are set up vertically In true position and after being securely braced,, receive and . support the hoops. The nailings must be extra secure because the hoops serve aa a ladder upon which to stand .When nailing on the silo lining. (See Fig ure 10. i Lining and doors The lining for the wooden-hoop : silo consists of tongue and groove flooring of best quality, free from knots and other defects which might cause leakage of ensilage. Starting at the left edge of the contemplated door opening, this flooring Is secret nailed in place vertically, using, C-penny cement coated nails. (See Figure 14.) Pre ferably the wooden-hoop silo should have a 2-ply lining with No 2 asbes tos building paper between. sJV)ATVfHE.V .. ETC : .:. . ' . Flgwre 14. Detail of Door and Opening; for Woode-Ilbop fUo v r T'k LlL.j L...-. Jift: . J L - ' p-r- " 1" "Tf !' ooi ycoz $?b bdc '' : i ' J1 !; pilcaiijstui Vht ska-felt ill I si ks- h I1 O --'"Pt' Ill - a V &oz poo -soon voon. il if . v..-j Lr-..-. is-"t j '-. 'jj best results, flax should le j: . before It is quite ripe. Aboit " to 85 days Is the averart for grT lag . unless the weather is v-i cloudy but if rood pedigreed ' It reeds six days more. It aht; i never be cut. as germs get IssU t the boon aad leave bacteria la tS ground and next sow lag tt has t u sprayed with formalin. Pulled tx la worth, about 13.5 a X r than cut Dax. It can be pulled j-r abemt f 8 to IS an acre, sad yos ft the bundles uniform. Two tzi i half tons Is a good average per serf, which should give about 710 to t: pounds of good clear retted r.ir. It should be left In the bunJi n hours before It is taken to Ue r ; . lag machlae to be taraibd most common prsctke ia IhU r: . try. two pulleys set abuve a fnxt ; r mill and clamped tigkt by jut this la a slow process. method is to pass the flax acro t feed table where It is takes s ij s broad belt and held firm! k. tweea It and a large, fly-wbj. while. f rent the aide a tooth dm rapidly revolvlag reeaeves th pis te kles or balls, aad It passes to tit sieves snd Is cleaned as la a tin V Ing machine, and la'agala male t j bundles by a binder attachment i:l does not get a chance to Ua it Is then ready for retting. Tiers tr four methods of retting water ru- . tlflc. dew. retting, chemical rtt:.:r. and steam..- Dew retting kit in drawbacks First. It Is s!oe tzi has a tendency to bleach tte 1 it and oxidises the pecttwe or rs.r subsUnces snd leaves lint ef vrr llttu Tn ealae. Clemicxl rett ing Is difficult aad stpsli sot U undertaken by those ' who are vt familiar with It. although It cxa U done In anyklad of weather. Tls most easyl water retting, as i - In Belgium and Ireland, wisere t: water Is soft. The bundles are 1 upright, panlckles cp. and VcirLt with rocks on them to kP It a :r the water till the bacteria and tit ferroeatailoa takes plaee. Frra eight to 14 days Is usually the tlx It takes If the weather Is say wir warm, but It must be coastaaUy watched to-see 'When the booa Is easily 'broken, wheat it must he re moved, dried aad made rea4y far the scutcher. Bat I prefer steam retting, as ycx can rett In quantity and do It t2e4 Ity. but it has to be doae at a cen tral point- The temperature msst be ' kept around degrees. 'Fo mentation begins la 24 hoars asi It onlj requires about from II t 0 hours, but you hsve to be cci stantly on the job. J. P. CLARK. 851 E. JSth SU Portland. Or. All the great dairy records, are made with SILAGE in the ration! ' ' Host of I the champion steers at our . stock shows hare been fed on "ail age. -Equally good results will be obtained in feeding silage to breeding ewes and other sheep, lambs, beef stock hogs -and dairy cows. s . ( ; It means DOLLARS to YOU. . , V Ask your county agent or any agricultural college. ... For many years the recognized leader of the silo world ; has been the - INDIANA SILO For years to come it will still be the STANDARD by which ALL silos are judged, for it has built into it ALL features necessary to the success of its work. NO REQUIREMENTS OMITTED NO UNNECESSARY EXPENSE ADDED THE LEAST INVESTMENT THE GREATEST EARNING POWER. , It lasts a life time., 1 " . , , j Our motto t "ECONOMY plus EFFICIENCY." . . ' " ' " -Let us shqw'you its many superior advantages over any silo built, whether of stone, tile or wooL";;. v .. . . ty " " Do you know that over 'HALF of the240,876,000 Tons of Stover and Fodder Crops raised in the United States annually goes to waste? ( Are you partially responsible fqr this? Do you know that if you keep seven eoWs or an equivalent .lihmlicr of sheen that an luuiana ouu wuuiu pajf lur iiscii. u irum one 10 iwo ycarSI . 4 -Lj , - -'B ZI J 'iliiii, U liEE, XI LP W -iihin 'm "O . Silo? not? Do you know that never in history has a lesser number of tons of hay paid for an Indiana Do you know that you jpay for an Indiana silo every year or two whether you buy one or Tell us what stock you will feed and let us show you how we ran lncfit yo CHAS. K. SPAULDING LOGGING CO., ; . . ; Manufacturers of Lumber, Silos, Roxes, Sash and Doors . v : - ,5alkm; okegon 1 r' Figure 11. Elevation of Wooden- Hoop Silo, showing continuous door opening, anchors at bate, and slope of doors In roof. Doors' In Roof This roof Is made by laying across the top of the silo in the center a 2x12 inch joist notched and spiked to top hoop and silo lin ing, also at the edges 2x4 Inch joists. and 'in the intermediate enaces 28 inch joists, all securely faastened the same way. (See Figure .11.) The center framing timber serves as the Figure IS. Plan of Doors In Hoof of tt'oodea-IIoop Silo. Table 111. Material for an elght- lncn concrete foundation wall, three feet. In 'height. - Including four-inch concrete floor. For silos more than 14 feet In diameter, the foundation wall should be 12 Inches thick. Diir Sarkj Cm. payai. lO. 27.44 l.M S.4J' is 4.js nt a.or . 14 40SO 5.47 S.7T 1 5t.4 ItJ ' 4.SS 15 l.7 , S.77 S.4I SO 71. iO 1 4 J ' 6 IT '.-! Table IV. Iiin of Lumber for Ilc-Haw 8ilo. All estimates for silo 30 feci , In height. 2S LiC mar W TUmmrttt L!nr tr 1UB ft." itar e4r T S"4'a30 2"a"iSO li6- S 4Wr Wwar l fir S" ia fa ataadiag 4nr siaa ppr rtrcla (raaa tarka WrM - an j so m) lu 9 S3 S S4 SO M 20iO 10 S5 2 7S M TS 24o 11 19 2 m 11M 12 43 2" M M TTV 14 46 2 lOO S4 lOQ 30tf Extra pieces of studding aad lining to be used for concrete form. Lum ber for roof will depend upon type made. x ' IUI1 of Lumber for Wooden-Hoop Rito, 14 132 feet lOO torn Ktavee aad Hoop. 2000 feet flooring either 1x4 Ineh or 1x4 Inch. 18 and 14 feet long. 2994 linear feet 1-2 to 3-8x4 inch hoops. r Lumber tor roof depends on type constructed. . Extra lumber for concrete forma. THEY'LL WAKE CP Tomerene Is out of. the presiden tial race. So are a lot ot others, hut they don't know it yet. Arkan sas Gazette. ... r. ate. But one of thetnost. Important: Seed It should be fanned so there would not be any Imperfect or bruised seed. Fiber flax for seed should be set apart and not pulled until It is perfectly ripe. Fiber flax fchonld be sown thick enough so it would not stool. 4 Two bushels Is shout right to an acre, and with the humid atmos phere ot the Willamette valley there should be as good results as from the famous -Court ral district of Belgium. . The seed and bed are the two main factors upon which de pends - failure or, success of fiber flax growing. If sown after another crop, spring plowing ia best, but If sown after sod or clover It should be plowed in the fall. Dlae good and then use a-spike-tooth harrow till the ground Is perfectly level aad baa no blind furrows. MARION im: POWER SOUGHT J. a Kelly. Portland Enii ecr, Renews Rif.nl n De-. Telopment Site ..J. O. Kelley. aa engineer of Port land, has again applied to the state engineering department for permis sion to renew his right to waters ei the north fork ot the Santiam river for the purpose of coettrmetiag tte Marion Lake reservoir for the stor age of 3S.18S acre feet of water tor the development ef 24.428 horse power. He makes another filing for the appropriation 'of 80S second feet ef water from the north fork ot tie Santiam tor the development of 2 J.- 00 horsepower. I ai in ewe riaat IWMr,- Marion lake Is located la Xsrlea and Linn counties and la amid-te offer, unusual advantages for rs mense power development. -Mr K ley haa held the Marion Uke.riX&t for several years and whenever necessary renews for purposes ot holding the site. It Is said that It a power pUat waa developed it would have' capa city to furnish electric energy throughout a, big. radios of territory. Other Rights hotucfcL , Frank A. Calderwood of risth. Ore., filed an application covering the appropriation of water rrera Willow creek, rise creek and Big Plat creak for the Irrigation ot 14 acres ia the Warner valley. Lake county. 8. Sedore of Falls City, filed aa application for the appropriation ot water from Teel creek for the Irri gation of 100 acres near Falls City. . Mrs. Baeoi Emily sings In 7 Mr. Daeoa- oon t feel aa ba4 aa To get thelYoakers Statesman. con Dont with a good i Yes; but I you think deal ot tcl- do hope she It sounds- Figure 12. Method of Making Wooden Uoope. V ' ' f7 ' 7T :v (: v ' 7 . , 4 - " . ' m Figure 16. Doors la Hoof P ernsiulng rilling lo Top. mos P H