si
' : 1 v ; 1 I " ' TTIE PRECOX BTATEMMANt TUESDAY, JAJTCAHY i. 1018
r
INIHEAMETTE VALLEY
Continued fromage 5
r
ULTRY
f ; m , . ' ; ; 1 ' ......
tier counties from' 'which, the- own
. er 'erive their entire Income, but if
- I do not know of them. Prac
tfCE !y ail of the poultry produced In
tb a two counties cornea from-the
,'div rsified farm, whereon many pro-
ler j are raised. Few, if any, keep
eclf ic record of the outlay and
lac ae from poultry, we acknowl
fi.they should do so, but admit
that they do not. In stating that
ms:y,-inany flocks are maintained at
a iroflt.lwe only state wnai we oe-
liet9 must be true;' otherwise the
t try would not be retained.
- - i To, get right down to j the: actual
. Pr fit from , the poultry, one must
; ru:ve-a gtudy of this business from A
to 2, and if he" has experienced for
hiself alt the troubles from A to
i he will still hare troubles to master,
ar i it is 'true in any business you
ever heard of in your life, althouga
some people make a success of a
. business in spite of what they do not
" know about it. To begin with, on
lEust knowhis chickens, f If In buy-
1-Z and, selling dry geods a dealer is
i ot. familiar wlta we oinerence oe-
teen good quality and poor quality.
. 1 -! is sure to be stung right and left
: ly wholesale firms. In; these days, a
. is buyer Is as necessary In a de
partment store as a cierer salesman.
At much, and oftentimes more,
; money is made,because of Intelligent
t uying ass thre .ls from .clever sell-
lug.. So it-Is with poultry. If a breed
, er does not know the difference be
r tween a great layer and a small: one
-the difference between a good pro
- - cucer and a poor-one he -will not
make the profit tthat, he otherwise
j would and should, make. J -
While in Medford attending the
poultry . 'Bhow. the- last ' week in No
' vcmber,' tho writer ' made this state-
ment among - others while talking
Tilth a farmer and thai-farmer eame
tack at me with the request that i
I Tlslt this farm that erenin? which
t was,: bjr- the way. Thanksgiving eve
. and go,through his flock of birds and
,proreto film-that I could ell which
iiblrd was laying, or. would lay within
.three ;weekt, and which birds
I were jot, laying and would not lay
" within that length of time. Th farm-!
': er called: for the wife and I, and at
1
PCL
-X . - - -
The Contest Winners. The above pen. of Single Comb White Leg
torns won the First All-Xorthwet Egg-Laying Contest at Pullman,
V.aj 'Th record made by this pen was ti!71 egzM.fan averace of
13 1-5 eggs each. Bred and ownied
io operates m iann oi svuu iv nite
A:-
7:30 I was beginning mytwork, and
at 11:30 had handled 202 birds.
j tnroTs ,ngout- 78 as absolutely un
profitable. I picked 1C birds that
were laying. 22 that would lav short
ly, acl the others were either too Im
mature or were out ot condition Trom
lack of proper feed and housing. At
the show he had told me that he was
receiving 11 and 12 eggs a day from
202 birds.. A few days later he re
ported to the writer that be had not
received a single egg from any of the
irds, excepting the 16 which I se
.ected as ; being the layers.?, At the
time, we advised this farmer to dis
pose . cf ail the Immature birds as
well as the-7 8 which were positively
-iselesa. However, he disposed of only
bJI- It Is an assured fact that the
tea ail labor that he will waste up
oa the Immature birds and those out
cf eontitlon will far offset the profit
; from tie 3 S good birds. So how can
' ; a pian, expect the poultry business to
ri ay.a rrofit when it is operated with
such gross Ignorance and negligence?
Thera is nothing wonderful about
telectlEs the birds that are laying
- and tfc9 birds that win be good lay
crs.j It can be learned in thirty min-'
uic iivm a man wno knows or from
a bdok that is published on this sub
3 ect namely "The Call of the Hen,-
a is wnuen oy waiter Hogan.
- .oie lae similarity, between The
caicr tne Hen" and "Thei Call of
the Vn.V To explain this. It is only1
rece-sarr- to say that VMri Hon
line what he wanted to write, ' but
U4t oi anew just now to say"it, so
Jie Cilled into hla service JackXon-
:alwho gave the book the name and
did, I the editing; . Thousands! and
JSc -ands of copies of this book have
1 c sold over the guarantee that ir
r ft f five days any purchaser felt that
' 9 had mot , received i his money's
woni. hq, might return the book and
av tls money j refunded, s This s
r ot an advertisement for the book,
our one idea is to Jnatni in the minds
' e;people.whoJ are now raising
try-on; the farm r the city, that
-i II necessary;, to know what bfrda
r a good producers and keep them
I feed them, and to market or eat
"v which do not measure to the
irements of a good layer. Tn
i in a flock of fifty will offset
rrdflt the other forty birds ;can
'.unless the other forty are phe
ial producers, which is not at
I Gbable 4f the breeder does not
enough, to select and dispose ot
C; nes. ! .
Tlie Trapnest.
c - T.ave' heard of the trapnest,
4 ii of course tie only sure way
IT"
win i
of knowrnr how many eggs a - par
ticular hen has laid in a given time.
The trapnest j is just what , its name
implies It is a nest into which the
bird eriters and after she steps on
the floor within the nest, the door
through which she entered closes and
she' is at prisoner until the attendant
comes and releases her, takes out the
egg, if One has been laid, marking on
the egg with a pencil the number of
the leg-band on the hen, at once giv.
ing this hen credit for laying that egg
on that day. It is surprising to learn
how fejy people know what a leg
band isf It is a small strip of alum
Inum on which i3 stamped a number.
The band is firmly fastened on the
hen's leg. These leg-bands may be
purchased at any store carrying poul
try supplies for about SI a hundred,
numbered from one to one hundred,
or most) any other way. An egg rec
ord sheet is kept within the poultry
house oh the wall. Down the side of
the sheet are placed: the numbers of
the leg-bands appearing on the hens
In that house. If there are fifty hens
to the hpuse, there will be fifty num-
J bers, from one to fifty down th
feide of the sheet. Across the top -of
this sheet will be found the days of
the ' moith, : from one to ; thirty-one,
and of fourse the rest is plain. If
on the 1st day of January hen Nq. 21
lays an kg$ she is given credit on the
sheet opposite her number and in
the first space .under Januarv list.
If she does not lay again until the
16th it Will be so designated on this
sheet eaeh. day. At the end of the
month - her -achievements Vwnij be
known to the breeder and . the same
at the tend of the year. This cf
course efntails a lot of work, but on
large plants a great deal of this trap
nesting Is done and one farm has
carried it on for many years. There
Is this difference between the trap
nest andt the Hogan system of select
ing layef-s; the trapnest is the only
sure way of knowing whether a nn
is a producer of 100, 150, 200,250,
or morel eggs a .year. The trapnet
will also tell you, if used continuous
ly :. year, after year, : what hens antf
what males are from good layers and
whether certain males and certain fe
males are capable ; of transmittin
1.-4"
VT rib W
by J. A Hansoni Corvallis, Or.,
legnorns.
their laying and breeding oualltle
Now from; this experience with the
trapnest Important -points have been
found whSch-apply! to all good layers
ana Dreeflers ana these points and
facts nave been combined in this
book, caljed -the Hogan System- or
"The Call of the Hfh." This wil tell
a oreeaer rwmcn is a good layer wltn
a. m J ti a a. 1
out i ecu in g ana napnesung her a
year. It Bias been found that good
layers aae tnm pelvic bones, stand
ing wide j apart ana which insure
good capacity In a 'Mi A for eating and
assimilating food. ft 'has also been
xouna mat tne gooa, layers have a
capacity qf from three to eight fin
gers between, their pelvic bones and
their keel! which lis the rear end of
the breast bone. Thl3 capacity de
pends not only upon the good laying
qualities f the. bird, ,but apon the
age and - breeding lof the5 fowl, in
handling thousands' of. birds during
the v last v jten'J"br " twelve years, tho
writer . hak - found that, many ,and
many a farmer is feeding fowls day
after, day that eoud not suf ceed in
laying an f egg J If tHey had forty in
side, simply becausA the distance be
tween: the pelvic -land keel is n
slight' thai .were - tne hen to i try to
deposit thi egg in a nest the action
would teaf the sheU. When a fowl
is built npbn these ISnes an examina
tion will Wove to anyone that the
capacity of the bird lis so slight that
if she is afleto consume and assim
ilate enough food to , keen hr in
health, shej wilf be dbing well, to say
nothing about producing, eggs. . .-We
consider these poind In dairy cattle,
but he farmer has never taken the
time to Investigate" thtese points as re
lated to chickens. When we say farm
ers, we refer to the-najority, recog
nizing thatfwe have aany np-to-date
men and w6men in tbie rural districts
who keep abreast of jthe times.
; A IJcrze Ponltrv Plant
: .The mo4 .suceessf ul poultry farm
that we knw anything about, a poul
try farm that is operated n jl strict
ly commercial basis. Is that managed
by M. V E. Atklnson, of Hollywood,
Washington. From September 1.
1916, to the same date In 1917 this
farm, on poultry alone, cleared S12 -10S.16
front S751 Single Comb White
Leghorns. ' j Mr. Atkinson believes in
putlets for layers and hens for breed
ers.! Perhaps it might be well to say
that the Hollywood ; Ka
famous the (West over for its wonder-I
u noisieins ana model -dairy." "The
writer has visfteoy Hollywood three or
four times land our first vieit .
surely, an eye-opener; We never
i , ,
i i
9 till, a". f 1 - . E ..-'.'.;.'": - -v -i
I ' II - ,! I
1 . f 11
1
oreamed .that a farm could be oper
ated on such a modern scale. To at
tempt to describe this farm in fetail
would require several pages, s we
wiU pass this by, but will say that the
farm has its herd of Holsteins,vaU
ued, at 1250,000; the most modern
dairy barns -.that money can btild,
where men are hired to do notUng
but milking, each man working! six
hoars a day, three hours beginning
at 1 and quitting at 4 in the morn
ing and three hours beginning at 2
and quitting at '5 in the evening, lit
it So arranged that every other Son
day' a milker lias the entire day off
and once each month has a whole
day besides. A vacation of two weets
is given each milker at full pay The
salary paid is sufficient to hold th
best labor and includes board, whicl
is of the best, also a steam-heated
room. rurnlsUed. . Four changes ol
linen are provided each - milker and!
he is required to change this linen
before every milking. He does abso
lutely nothing but milk. When he
cteps.into the barn' the cows have all
been lopked in their stanchions and
washed. After Bilking he turns the
product 'over to the sterilizing and
bottling department. On this farm
will be found' a laundry, an ice plant,
an electric light plant, repair shop.
blacksmith shop, general merchan
dise store and three or' four large
greenhouses. There is a building
built entirely for , the cooks and con
tains a ; large dining room. Another
building offers accommodations for
from fifty tosixty laborers, and the
residence Is a mansion in itself. Sev
eral bookkeepers are ' employed to
keep 'absolutely every1 Item relating
to 'the operating expense and Income
of the farm. t
The reason we went Into this de-
tairwas to show why we are positive
of the figures mentioned in. this arti
cle. - Hundreds of trannests are to be
found on this' farm in the laying
houses and yeu can just believe fhere
are few drones permitted, to live!
therei'-I handled one hen that fin
ished her' pullet year with 304 eggs.
Twenty-one birds last year laid bet
ter than 275 eggs apiece. The grbsi
business of the. poultry farm, for the
period mentioned above was S44,-
091.54. An; average ; of eight men
vere employed on the poultrytplant
and, interest of 6 per cent was figured
on the Investment. High, egg-production
was largely responsible fop the
excellent showing. In contests under
state control, . the Hollywood birds
have, finished with 273 and 277 egs.
at Mountain . Grove Missouri an!
Stoitrs, Connecticut egg-laylne con
tests. ; This means ' that. Hollywood
birds under government care and dif
ferent -.climate have demonstrated
that breeding counts!
Money in Small Flocks.
It is generally conceded that a man
can .make money with two; or three
dozen chickens, when he win fall
with 200, mo the writer maintains
i , i" ims. rarm can cleanearly
f 1.50 per fowl and carry approxi
mately, 9000 White Leghorns, the
man on a lot or small acreage can
not; afford to be without a dozen or
more .fowls. Feed, has never been
any Higher than it was from Septenv
ber 1,-191, te September 19 it
when the above-mentioned profit was
-' : 1 ' -; -
The Salem Water, Light & 'Povyer Company is engaged in furnishing water to the
city of Salem, the capital of the state of Oregon, a city covering an area of five and ,
a' half square miles.!- 1 ' V i y
This water plant is the largest privately owned waterplant in the state of Oregon, i
' It has seventy-three miles of Water mains laid in the streets of Salem, thirty-one
miles of which are under permanent had surface pavements. i ' " -
It has installed at its pumping! station the largest vertical triplex pump on the
Pacific coast, made expressly for itfiy the Geo. E. Dow Pump Works of San Francisco.
It has recently installed a two-stage electrically driven ten-inch centrifugal pump,
which is a model of its kind and lis the last word in centrifugal pumps. In twenty
four hours this pump forces 3,250,000 gallons of water to an elevation of 230 feet
It has a horizontal doubre acting duplex Dow pump which ha! a capacity of two '
million gallons in twenty-four houjrs. This pump may be driven either fay water power
or by steam power. j . , . 1 1
It has a Dow steam duplex pump which has a ; capacity of 1,250,000 gallons in
twenty-ifour hours. j ! . C, , . t - ' ,
It has three Mnds of' power installed for driving its pumps, viz: 150 H. P. water
power, 150 H. P. steam power, and 150 H. P. electric power. i ; v r 1
1 It takes the water supply from a crib or well built in a sand and gravel bar situ-'
ated in the Willamette river above the city. This bar serves as a filter through which
all of the Water has to pass before entering the distributing mains of the plant j
'. The first pump of the Salem Water Co. was set in place and started on October 21,
1871, by Mr. W. F. Boothby. From that time this company has served the public '
conscientiously to the best of its ability. The company realizes that the good will of
the public is a necessary asset and it is appreciative of this feeling of comradeship. :
The Company takes this opportunity to extend to all its patrons its best wishes for
a Happy New Year. t . , ?
; ! ' " - 'i - - ' .
made.."An train ad atraw was pur
chased !ntbe field in large quanti
ties. In-a former paragraph we stated
that a man- was not In the poultry
Business unless ne naa iuu or inure
chickens.. This of coarse refers to the
commercial end of. poultry raising.
Quite a few people will, tell you that
they are in'thoultry business and
upon inquiring as to how (many fowls
they have,they say, "200, or 300,1 or
such a matter. Jow. let us look, at
this question 'closely. Five hundred
chickens at a fair market price are
worth about 75 cents apiece; that in
all one. could get were he to throw
the entire five hundred on the mar
ket at one time and we ere certain
that in only a very few citlejt of the
coast would any' one merchant ac
cept five hundred chickens' in one de
livery; But latter .all, that is all a
bird is worth i just what it will brlug
on tho market, at po much a pound J
Five hundred chickens at 75 cents
apiece", would be S375 Invested inf
stock. . Can aufc of- our readers te!(
us of any other business in whicn
they can engage with 9375 and cieaij
S1000 a year? . If a person was tq
start a shoe store, he would not exf
pec t to nandle a very large line or
ehdei with 1375 as his capital. He,
could not get very far fif a groceryj.
store, and yet people will say, "WhyJ
there is no money In the chicken
business. Just; look at Jim Jones ;;
he had five hundred of as fine look-i
Ing chickens as you j could wish fojr
and he'made a dismal failure." Prob-I
ably if Jim Jones had taken his ?375
an'd gone into any other business he
would have wade tie same failuie.
Why, if. he made 1O0I per cent on his
money every year, (he would only
make 375. and we know that people
are very; glad to clear 25 per cent,
yes, 10 per cent' on thjelr investments.
We acVnowledge thiaV $375 would
not be his entire 'Investment. There
would' be buildings, labor and appli
ances, but the thing we want to get
at Is' that it requires fraore than such
an insignificant' amount invested in
any stock, whether it be grain, cattle.
or poultry, to make any great sum of j
money. I can name several poultiy
men who have around five hundred
birds who are clearing 2 per bird
and have' cleared more. It all re
solves Into the question, "Are the
fowls high producers?"
There, are- three or four farms
where birds are averaging 20Q eggs
apiece, or approximately 17 dozen,
which. sold at an average price of 30
cents, would bring f 5.10 per hen. Say
feed arid labor costs S3. 10 per hen,
the profit would be 12 per bird. Eggs
the past year-have averaged much
above 30 cents.; The lowest they have
been fs 28 eentsSwhile they have been
around 60 cents'for many1 weeks. ;
War Time Katlon. -The
' government 'has announced
that .mills wlir not be permitted to
nse "Wheat .in scratch food ' or other
rationsifor poultry, so several of the
experts on poultry food have perfect'
ed a balanced ration for poultry en
tirely free from wheat. The following
is the one ! suggested and used in
lissouri and is very similar to all
others. . . ''"" ' ' -' I '
The wartime feed ration contains
no wheat and is as follows:
n
Yolks, White3.
2Cs
Mash feed. ,
20 pounds shorts .... .41
. 20 pounds bran . . . . . 31
20 pounds oats . .. . 39
20 pounds corn meal 52
25 pounds -beef scraps ' 27
-44
41
31
28
288
306 pounds feed ...... 700 700
In early December the 19.17 crop
of corn was quoted for January de
livery at 22 under the market price
of October, November and Iecember
corn. Many ; people . think that as
soon ag the corn crop.; Is harvested
that the price should fall, j but the
corn must be held for around three
months in order that It may harden
before it is marketable. Mill feed
is away! down npw to-, what it was a
year ago, and everything points to
very bright times for the poultry-
man. . ; ' - , '. '
. Association lla-s Plans.
The writer. Is srretary of the -State
Co-OperatJon - Committee apppmtea
to work in behalf of the poultry in
dustry. We have arranged to give
laway 25.000 ! hatching eggs during
the spring of j 191 8 with the one. Idea
of increasing the meat and gg sup
ply or this state. We are working
this plan through the Oregon Stale
Poultry: Breeders Association, anu
any one reading .this article who will
give one, two, three or more settings
of -hatching j eggs for this: cause
should drop us a card. No eggs will
be expected iuntil after the. 1st of
April, . jl,.' '1 r;; ,,
As a patriotic citizen of the great
est country on this old globe, you
owe it, to your state and nation to
Iget a flock of fowls as soon as you
lean arrange to care for thm. :I)ont
let these excellent birds be sacrificed
Son the market. Mqke a trip to a
'breeder's yards or down to' the com
mission house and buy up a few
dozen. Make every hen bring forth
nn sTPraro nf ten chicks in the
llEpring. Half will be males and will
liave to be eaten; that wilt prmiuce
Additional meat. The otber nau win
le femates and next winter will pro,
lluce' eggs and they'll' be welcome on
your table, too.
r ' ! Meat '.Needed.
I We m-ust furnish more than one
half v the food for France. England,
Italy, and -some for Mexico and
ilhers. aside from feeding our own
1,750,000 men in the army and
avy as well as our 98.500.000 non-
iombatants. - As a committee We are
ot asking fer an offering of money;
we are not asking that you buy an n
i&Tct hosrtnir niMo of naoer we re
trv and ie-n to worlr nroducing food Off
your back lot or on your Tarm; - It
will prove healthfiiFand entertaining
and will nrovlde eires. broilers and
frys for the family, all in return toM
a little enjoyable labor in tnrowin
grains and table scraps to birdsnigbt
and morning. We, appeal to every
loyal family - to cast about for breed
ing stock and do it now, for birds are
becoming scarce. 1 The cost will be
negligible the vprof It commensurate
with the labor involved.
One of the leading Indian training
schools in the United States is located
herein the suburbs of Salem. '
I Scratch feed. Yolks.
1 200 pounds corn 510
SALETJ :MQ1TS-'IS HATJBLinS
BEANS BROUGHT IN BY GROVMC
I
(By W. C. Cowgill)
One of the recent achievements of
the Salem Fruit Company, In the way
of quick merchandising, was the ship
ment pf $20,000 worth of white
beans to a jobbing house in the East;
whether , the jobber, had re-sold the
beans to the government, for army
and navy, use, Manager, F, t). McDon
ald was unable to state,. r
Ueside? the handling of. beans, the
company handles large quantities of
fruits and Vegetables. In ' season; but
is not in the packing business. :
' Itrokerage Business' Js Large.
It is not, perhaps, generally known
that -there- is in Salem one of the
largest brokerage establishments m j
the state this side of Pof tland and
that is the Salem Fruit Company. In
addition to its other large business
this company operates an up-to-date
bean 'mill, not a mill to make flour
out of the navy white beans, but' a
powerful cleaning . mill operated by
electric power,! that not only cleans,
the beans 'as they come from the
farms all over this and adjoining
counties, but. if so desired, polishes
the bean, just as a jeweler would pol
ish .a precious stone -and believe me,
beans are very' precious this year of
our Iord.'for with a short crop, ow-
IngjtO; dry weather when the beans
were only, hair way matnreu, ana
ome I'clds attacked by the weevil,
Ir is estimated by those la position
to know that this year's crop of this
Kt a nl .army and navy food in more
than 50 por cent short of what should
have been a normal crop, rrom tne
MME. BUFFE-MORRISON
VISITS MILLINERY I.IARI
At the time this Is being written.
Itadame Irnffe-Morrison, proprietress
of The French Shop, 115' N. High
street, is on a buying trip and will
visit the millinery exhibitions In the
larger eltles, not only in the West,
but also in the Eastern states. Her
purchases this season will be larger
linerv showine a higher qnallty than
has heretofore been demanded by the
buying public of Salem: i '
Madame Buffe-MorrUon Is recog
nized as one of Salem's most expert
milliners, and people from the larger
cities, on commenting upon her stock
unqualifiedly state that It surpassed
in smartness and quality; anything
that can be obtained T'in the larger
cities for a similar priofc. She "always
keeps abreast of the times by carry
ing hats of the very latest approved
models.' "': . '"-H ' "' '" j . I -
- The ; hats -produced Id her own
workrooms are also txpertly made;
many of thorn being ,-fxacf corles of J
Ol-
I very large acreage planted, and :
some localities the bean stalks w
fit only for fodder, without th:
Ing, for hogs or cattle. - 1
Deans, beans, beans In bags, t?r ;
in-, the hopper of the "polls! r."
beans polished clean, beans wilt
than snow as they slide down tnl
brand-new, clean bags, ready for tl
market.-; '. j ...'-.:.
I'.eans. in baes. piled all over the
space of a' ten-acre lot; 112,0' )
pounds owned by one grower; "w i t :i
four carloads on the same floor, i?
the sight that would have made gl:i 1
the heart of Uncle Sam's ipurchasins;
agent for the big army, had he be n
there to see, inspect', and bid the goy
ernment price, a few days ago. In V,,
big bean warehouse of the Sal.' i
Fruit Union, down, on the Sonthe i
Pacific side track, opposite the pas
senger station.
i The Salem Fruit Company, und r
the management .of F. W. Frapz at
the bean warehouse, only acts ss a
broker for the growers, ;cleans tb lc
beans, and finds the buyer, char?;! :
a small; commission forjlts servir
There were, the day the report r
visitedHhe warehouse, on hand 112,
000 pounds of beans, , the pVoper
of one grower, and altogether In t' -
house about four carloads, ready f ,
shipment, or soon wonld be, brlr
and 'shiny, of a fair quality, that, i
der 'the prices fixed by the gover i
menttin Michigan, will net the gro -er
about 9 cents a pound, after de
ducting commissions for cleaning.
sacking. Insurance, etc.
u
the newest ; popularly acccptc 1
modelsi. I
- The new stock of bats and mil
linery supplies which she; will ordr
during .this trip kill enable her to
display; iipon her (return,! a quantity
and variety of millinery' producta.
which she has been heretofore uni
able to exhibit, j
It Is her intention still to carry a
complete line of popular-priced haf,
as well as a good showing of t' j
more expensive models. She expet : i
to return to Salemlthe latter part f
January and her new purchases w . I
no doubt be on exhibition very so i
thereafter. . l , !
' Yon will find every, church
lodge represented In Salem,
will be. made to feel at home. ;
you were among brothers an l
You will find old neighbors i
every stato In the I'nion. "
be mada welcome la Ot
there Is room to gro v..