o
G
o
o
o
o
lontr could
civiI:l
izc society stand on
a basis t
d3 not
know
that it is the
of property,
nharactenstic essence
formed out of the
combined pr'mci-
p'ea of its acquisition and conserva
tinn, to be unequal? How can the
rights of property be secured in any
care unless the great masses are be
yond the .reach of -interference and
oat of the possibility of danger ?' If
this be done the great masses then
form a natural rampart about the
lesser properties in all their grada-
tions. , But the Herald says : " W e
respect capital and the men who
wield it rightfully, but we do not
worship it; nor concede to it lordly
privileges' Who is to be the judge
wliellter capital is wielded rightfully
or not ; the owner or some other
person X What would that paper
Chll a concession' of lordly privileges
to capital ? Js it worshipping capital
'or conceding too, much to it to assert
that its possessor has a right to man
npe it in his own way, subject to the
laws ;.to engage in such schemes as
he may see fit to employ the kind
of labor he may desire, and- to get it
on as favorable terms as he can 1
Our Democratic papers say as much.
They say in another way just what
the operative at Oregon City said in
his letter to the owners of the factory.
We Coution you never to lower the
wagers a nother cent if you do it will
be at the expense of your lives for
we are bound to protect our rights."
If monied men are cot allowed to
have exclusive control of their money,
how long would there.be any monied
men 1 Any interference with their
operations would quickly dissipate
the largest accumulations. All cap-,
ital is managed on the principle of
gair. ; from the largest masses to the
smallest accumulations it is employed
in such a way as its owners deem
like'y to yield 'the largest increase.
" This love of lucre," says Burke,
" though sometimes carried to a
ridiculous, sometimes a vicious ex
cess, is the grand cause of prosperity
in all States. It is the part of the
statesman to employ this principle as
he finds it. It is his part in this case,
as in all other cases where he is to
make use of the general energies of
nature, to take them as he finds
them." .
The Commercial's wisdom is ex
actly at par with the Herald's. Men
who know nothing about labor, men
who never so much as caused an ad
ditional blade of grass to grow, often
set themselves up as the champions of
the laboring classes and pretend to
sympathize with their lot. In one of
Che Commercial's'tirades, (which does
not deserve to be honored with the
name of argument) the Republican
party is viHified because, as that
paper alleges, it asserts "that the
capitalist has a right to get labor at
as low rates a3 he can." The Re
publican party asserts nothing on this
subject, for it has nothing to do with
it ; but every man of sense asserts
this principle. It is a principle which
ib now, which always has been, and
always will be, true. It is as much
a trutbnfs the law of gravitation. It
is practised by every man who em
ploys labor. It has been practised
by the Democratic newspapers in this
city in reducing printers' wages. It
is practised by the capitalist who con
tract for the building of a ship, and
by the common laborer who hires a
Chinaman to saw him a cord of wood
nt lower rates'than he could afford to
shw it himself. The wonder is that
any person can be so insane as to be
unable to recognize this most obvi
ons principle in the atFiirs of men.
liut vhile the employer has a right
to get labor at as low rates as he can,
the laborer has a right to get the
highest wages he can obtain. It is
his Rght to demand any sum be may
choose to name, to stand out for it,
and to refuse to work unless he gets
it. Both the capitalist and the la
borer have a right to take their own
course. When labor is abundant
wages will fall ; when it is scarce
wages will rise. This is the very
same law which governs in all cases
where commodities are bought and
sold. For labor is a commodity in
the market the same as anything else
that is- bought and sold for money.
He who has labor to sell naturally
wants the most that he can get for it;
he who buys labor desires to secure
it on such terms as will enable him to
profit by the transaction. One of
tbse besotted partisan journals in
diguantly exclaims that " Abolition
isu now talk as glibly about; buying
labor as ever a planter talked; about
buying a negro." The difference,
then, between your Abolitionist and
Democrat is that the former believes
in buying labor and paying for it,
and the latter bslievea in forcing, the
laborer,, if he happens to- have a- col
ored skin, to- work for nothing
These iournals think it all right for
the capitalist to have the labor of the
infjri'or mfp'' for nnthiniT . hnt
when' he pays this class of laborers,
he becomes a " heartless oppressor of
w hite men." If the capitalist could
secure slave labor enough, of course
he would not employ paid labor,, and
white men could get no wages at all.
Yet these Democratic papers are al
wavs-chanting the praises-of slavery,
and asserting that when the "inferior
races" worS for nothing they arc not
in the way of the white man ;-but
whec they are paid for their labor
they immediately eome iuto competi
tion with him. Tbey have no objec
tion to allowing the capitalist the
whole profits of enforced labor ; but
they are terribly aroused and talk
about a " money despotism'7 when he
is compelled to pay for his labor in
stead of getting it for nothing I To
get a Chinaman's or negro's labor
without compensation is no wrong to
the white laborer ; but to pay wages
to the CbiDaman or negro is a fear
ful outrage on the . white laboring
classes 1 Such ie the logic which
these partisan journals are employing
in the discussion of this question,
dlad slaves been introduced into the
Oregon City factory, to crowd out the
former emplcyes, not a word would
have been uttered by these champN
us of white labjr.
onrtivs-sor. How
fthe - illfcln (Enlcnsns.
Oregon City, Oregon ,
D. C. IRELAND, EDITOR AND PKCI'F.IETOR.
Saturday
January 23, 1869.
The Sin Francisco mint is to
be erected on the corner of Mission
and Fifth streets the land cost
870,000 and the building will' cost
over $300,000.
A reporter, who described the
recent sailing of the Siamese Twins
iron iew ioik ior Europe, savs
their attachment for each other con
tinues unabated.
The enormous sum of $5, 402,
000 has been paid to Hartford pub
lishers for books upon the American
conflict Greeley's taking the lead;
there having been sold of it 225,000
copies for $1,225,000.
The women who drew Lord
Cavendish's carriage to the Peak For
est (England) Liberal meeting, du
ring the recent English canvass, were
all women who advocated female suf
frage, and every one of them wanted
Cavendish to back her.
In New York, at the bottom of
wedding invitations, is now put in
the line. "No presents received ex
cept from relations.'' Several re
cent weddings have been sparsely at
tended, those unable to give presents
sending regrets.
The Odd Fellows Hall Associa
tion was organized, January 20th.
All the capital stock beiug taken,
and i the following Directors were
elected: N. W. liandall, Thos. Chan.
man, A. J. Apperson, James Alilue,
aud Juo. T. Apperson.
The Herald says that a certain
letter from this city to the Oregonian
was either written in our editorial
room or by us whom he calls " an
echo of the Oregonian" The idea is
the product of a diseased imagination
m the noddle of Pennoyer.
George Francis Train has been
liberated from the English ppson hi
which he has been confined for some
time. He has commenced suits
against various individuals, amount
ing to over oue hundred thousand
dollars for false imprisonment.
England has a population of
twenty-tw'o millions, and one million
paupers. Ireland has a population
of something less than 5-ix millions
and seventy-three thousand paupers.
Our country has a population of
about thirty-nine millions, and al
most wholly without paupers.
The Herald tells more infamous
lies thau any other paper in this State.
Pennoyer, yon would be much more
of a gentleman, in our estimation, if
you were a ' renegade Democrat, '
such as you call n?. We can name
an hundred thousand renegades lite
ourself, who prefer the principles of
liberty to slavery and secession, and
who will never go back on their
record.
A Washington dispatch of the
13th says : In the crimiual court.this
forenoon, district Attorney Carring
ton read a circular of instruction from
Attorney General Evarts, directing
the discontinuance of prosecution for
treason under the President's amnesty
proclamation. A nolle prosequi was
accordingly entered iu the case of
Jeff Davis and Breckinrida, but the
case of J. II. Surratt being somewhat
different, Carrington concluded to re
fer it to the Attorney General.
A dispatch received on Thurs
day from Elko, the present terminus
of the G. P. ft. 11., states that a large
party of roughs and desperadoes from
Green Kiver and other points in Utah,
Colorado, Idaho and Montana, had
made a raid on Hamilton, Silver
Springs, and Treasurer City, in the
White Pine District,, taking posses
sion of the stores, saloons and most
valuable mines, and inaugurating a
reign of terror. No bloodshed had
occurred, but the citizens were greatly
alarmed. No dispatches confirmatory
of the rumor have "been- received by
the press.
Col. J. C. Hudnutt, the engineer
m charge of the preliminary survey
party of the northern branch of the
Union Pacific Railroad, addressed the
Idaho Legislature, in joint convention,
on railroad topics, December 26th.
In the course of bis remarks, Col..
Hudnutt extended an invitation to
his hearers to join in an excursion by
rair, from Boise City to Puget Sound
on New Year's Day, 1671. He said
the road woald be completed at that
time if the Company succeeded in get
ting the grant subsidy it was now
asking, and if, it failed that the time
of completion would cot be delayed
more than oae year longer.
OREGOX.
Mr. S. G. Reed arrived in Bos
ton fourteen days from San Fran
cisco, overland.
The O. S. K". Co. will run the
fine, steamer ..Wilson G. Hunt on
Puget Sound as an independent
steamer.
The Hal lie Bessie, third ship in
the Pioneer Line between New York
City and Portland, has been out 61
days to day. The Osmyn is now
due.
Mrs. Harriet Anc, wife of John
P. Walker, was buried on Tuesday.
" Misfortunes never come singly'
We deeply sympathize with Bro.
Walker.
The McMinnville Courier says
they w ant a first class school teacher
and a tinsmith in that place. Also,
that the ditch will be a success, and
there are uo empty houses in the
town.
A call is made for the Board of
Managers of the State Agricultural
Society to meet at Salem, at 1 o'clock
p. it., Wednesday, January 27th, for
the transaction of all business that
may be deemed necessary to the pros
perity of the society.
The last McMinnville Courier
defines its position thus : " We have
received innumerable compliments
from our Democratic bros. for the
criticism we have made upon certain
erring Democratic papers. If papers
will confine themselves to the princU
pies of the party they will find in us
a hearty co operntor, but we will not
submit to be dictated into secession
nor repudiation. If that is Democ
racy we are not a Democrat."
The Herald says the poles for the
telegraph line between Celilo aud
Umatilla have been delivered, and
the contract for setting let, and the
work will immediately progress. By
the time early spring opens we will
be in telegraphic communication with
Umatilla, which will bring us early
news from all important points on the
upper Columbia, Eastern Oregon and
Idaho Territory. The O. S. N. Co.
are constructing this line by their
own private enterprise.
At a recent meeting of the
stockholders of St. Helen Mill Com
pany, the following officers were
elected to serve during the present
year : Directors, J. M. Pitehey,
James Dart, J. L. Ladd, G. A. Ladd,
D. Lynch ; President, J. L. Ladd ;
Secreta', G. A. Ladd ; Treasurer,
J. L. Ladd ; Superintendent, I).
Lynch ; Agent for San Francisco, to
be appointed ; Agent for Portland,
J. M. llichev. The mill is reported
doing a good business, and the com
pany well able to keep up with all
the latest improvements in machinery
and facilities for making lumber.
Aug..C. Kinney, of New York
City, writes to the Gazette as follows:
I have a plan to propose for the
people of Oregon to settle their rail
road war. If the people of Oregon
will give for two years what they
spend for liquors, to building and
equipping railroads, they can build a
railroad on both sides of the river,
each 120 miles long ; said railroads
to be built at an average cost of
$35,000 per mile, and will not need
any State or Government aid to help
them. If any one should doubt it,
he can make the calculation for him
self. The amount of retail liquor
sales for tne year 13G7, as per statis
tics of Revenue Commissioner Wells,
for Oregon, is $1,261,240.
We have ofteu heard people ex
press a determination that in the
event of getting the small pox, they
would not consent to be removed
from their own house to any pest
house which the city might provide.
This is very natural and perhaps not
very wrong considering the large per
cent, of deaths which have occurred
in all the public pest houses of the
coast. In the nature of things a pub
lic pest house is not a desirable place
in which to spend the dreary weeks
of seclusion to which all smallpox
patients must be subjected. Oti the
other hand, it would be a great pub
lic evil to have a number of small pox
cases scattered about among the pri
vate residences of the city. The
danger of spreading the disease wide
ly would be far greater than if all
wens removed to a pest bouse. To
avoid both evils we have heard it
suggested that the Odd Fellows and
Masons might unite in providing a
privats pest house, furnish it com
fortably, and engage proper medical
aid and good nurses, so that in case
any of their members or persons be
longing to their families should con
tract the disease, they could be re
moved to it and be certain of having
good trea-tment and every possible
care. The Odd Fellows alone, or
the Masons alone, or any other socie
ty of the city, might do - this at no
very heavy expense to. each member.
The better condition of the patients
and their greater chance of going
through the ordeal safely would more
than compensate for the expense. At
Eugene City, the two orders above
mentioned have united in such a pre
cautionary movement.. At San
Francisco, we have been told that as
sociations of private individuals have
been formed for the same purpose;
and the per cent, of deaths at such
pest houses, has proved much less
than at the city's hospitals. The city
may escape the scourge, but we are
liable to have it break out at any
day. f it sboald come it should find
the people prepared. Oregonian.
Hamlin will be United States
Senator irom Maine; Gov. Fenton
from New York ; Tiptou from- Nebraska.
PCGET SOVXD.
the Great Pacific was looked
for at tJSsalady. IShe was lemg overdue,-
and fears were entertained of
her wrecfr.
Suffren & Co., of Fort Madison,
bavejast completed a fine propeller
for business trips daily between- Port
Madison, Seattle, Port Blakely, and
Port Orchard.
The Pacific 'Tribune devotes
considerable of its space to Puget
Sound, Persons in want of a good
paper from that region should take
the Tribune.
The Tribune looks to facoma
for the redemption and regeneration
of the county from the Copperhead
rule cmder which it has so long Ian
guished. There will be 300 inhabit
ants there in spring.
The Port Townsend Message is
of opinion that a cfistom house should
be erected on Puget Sound before
one at Portland. Citizens of Port
land will not be apt to think with the
Message.
Chief Engineer Brooks reached
Olympia on the 8th with his survey
ing party from the Columbia river.
He represents the route surveyed by
him as very favorable for the con
struction of a railroad, involving no
heavy expenditures for grading or
bridging. The route will be con
tinued to some point below Olympia.
Capt. Finch, of the Eliza An
derson purchased and presented to
Taeoma Lodge of Good Templars, at
Olympia, the Olympia Hall, on New
Year's day. The Echo says this is
the noblest gift ever made to the
cause on this coast. The cost was
$2,500 in gold.
The Puget Sound and Columbia
River Railroad Company have con
tracted a loan of $16,000 per mile,
for which a mortgage has been exe
cuted, for the construction of the
road. The mortgage, after being re
corded iu Vancouver, is to be re
corded in each of the counties through
which the road posses.
-Among
the
mauy " congresses''
that met in the course of last month,
all over the continent, there is one
which deserves special notice, viz :
The congress of the Deaf and Dumb,
that held its meetings in Berlin. The
principal object of discussion was the
desirability of finding a substitute
for their present finger language.
The Alia, in a foot-note to the
San Francisco mortality table during
the five weeks just past, says :
" This is" 100 per cent., or there
abouts, more deaths than occurred
during the same period last 3-ear.
The number of deaths by small-pox
in December was 50 per cent, greater
than in November. It is safe to say
that 50 per cent, of the mortality
from small pox might hare been
avoided had vaccination been strictly
enforced and made general through
out the city. How many lives might
have been spared had the city been
kept decently clean before an epi
demic was engendered, no one can
tell, but it is manifest that, as mat
ters are now managed, we are paying
a fearful price for the carelessness,
neglect, and indifference to the gen
eral welfare which prevails."
The following intelligence has
been received from Mexico :
The Governor of San Luis Potosi
has been tried by the Legislature and
found guilty of all the charges against
him. Great misery prevails among
the laborers in San Lui3 Potosi, on
account of the scarcity of money.
The ludian war continues in Soaora.
There is much excitement among the
Mexicans, caused by artful reports of
treaties with the United States, in
tended to entrap the Republic into
acknowledging debts heavier than it
can pay, whereupon in default of
payment the7 will seize upon her ter
ritory and dismember the country.
At a Cabinet meeting General Ilose
crans assured President Juarez that
the incoming administration of the
United States sustained the most cor
dial feeling toward Mexico.
The Pacific Mail Steamship Co.
will despatch the Golden City, Capt.
Wm. F. Lopidge, for Panama on Sat
urday next, connecting with the
Arizona,Capl. Maury, for New York.
The Tribune says the articles of
the treaty on the Alabama claims are
eight in number, and are substantially
as follows :
In xrticles 1 and 2, the Govern
ments agree to settle all claims and
differences which have arisen since
the convention of 1853. Article 2
provides for a commission of four
persons, each Government being en-
titled to two representatives. This
commission is to agree upon a plan oWTerv feW exceptions, we take our mili-
. .i .... 4 .:! :j .i. - r
settlement. Article od provides that
a majority of the commission shall
decide the questions in each. Article
4 provides for cases of disagreement
of the commission. In such event,
the two Governments shall choose an
umpire. The Presidentof the United
States shall act for the Un:ted States,
but the umpire selected shall not be
qualified uuless confirmed! by the
Senate. Article 5 provides, in the
event of the refusal of the umpire to
decide, that the question shall be set
tled by lot in presence of their com
missioners. Article 6 excludes fom
the jaTisdictiou of the commission all
cases arising from claims which have
been adjudicated by the courts of
Admiralty. Article 7 provides that
the claimants shall prove that they
are British subjects, and that they
preserved strict neutrality during the
war and did not aid the South. Ar
ticle 8 provides that the session of
the commission shall be held at Wash
ington. '
President's Proclamation.
The President of the Laborers (so
called) movement in this city, re
quests ns to give place to the follow
ing proclamation. We do so, in a
reading column, that the Herald may
be eased inasmuch as it accuses ns of
discourtesy, in not giving the original
resolutions of the association a pref
erenceof location:1
Oregon- City. Jan." 20th 18C9.'
En. Enterprise :
I understand that I was regularly Ku
Kluxed last night by being elected Presi
dent of the Klan that meets in the Court
House ia- this city. The whole thing be
ing done without my knowledge or con
sent. Now I have this to say. I denounce
the concern from beginning to the end be
lieving it to be detrimental to the interests
of a Laboring man to have anything to do
with such an association. I believe the
best association for tbe Laboring man is
the Family Circle and not the whisky mill
and riotous meetings and the best protec
tion a close application to business. As
I am a wood worker and not a painter, I
Lave nothing to fear. I notice that the
Chinese are very good-painter's, for refer
ence, see the Tea chests they send to this"
country. Excuse the length of this.
Yours Respt. A. J. MARSHALL.
In the recent South American
earthquake, the only person lost be
longing to the Wateree was the boat
keeper of the gig. lie was a Scotch
man named Tait, who, in this last
life-scene, displayed the native hero-
ism of his race. The frail craft and
its sole. occupant were carried out on
the crest of the first tidal wave, and
thrown back to shore again with the
returning foam of the liquid moun
tain. Tait saw at once and seemed
to be fully aware of his impending
doom. Seizing the gig's ensign iu his
right hand, he stood for a moment
erect in the stern sheets of the boat,
and waved to his comrades a last
adieu. All on board his ship looked
on this tragic scene with breathless
interest. lie continued to wave the
American fl.ig in the midst of this
elemeutal horror, but the second re
coil of the angry waters dashed the
gig to pieces, and swallowed the
hardy sailor, 60 that he was seen no
more.
We have received the second
number of the City Journal, publish
ed at Canyon City, Grant county.
From it we take the following items:
We are pleased to know that our en
terprising miners. Messrs. Wallace,
Williams & Co., have received the
machinery for their twenty-four
stamp quartz mill, and expect to
have everj thing iu working order
early in the Spring. The corner
stone for their mill will be laid on
the 22d of February, with appropri
ate ceremonies Placer mining
on upper Canyon creek is still in its
infancy. Mr. J. Campbell has his
claims open and in fine working or
der, with an average yield per clay to
the hand of $17. He thinks th ere
is room for a thousand skillful miners
to do likewise The following
persons were publicly installed as
officers of Canyon City Lodge, F. &
A. M., Jas. Robinson, W. M.; I. J.
Hague wood, S. W.; John J. Wash,
J. W: P. Metschan, S., C. G. Cas
tle, T; A. B. Anderson. S. D ; John
Erickson, J. D.; and W. J. Cordtll,
Tyler The following are officers
of the Blue Mountain Lodge, I. O.
O. F., for the current term: T. W.
Poindexter, N. G.; N. Rulison, V.
G.; G. I. Hazeltine. P. S ; A. J.
Hash, R. S.; and I. II. Woods, Ty
ler Ilobah Lodge elected aa
follows: H. Dosch, N. G.; J. II.
Stahl, Y. G.; E. J. W. Stemme, S ;
and II. Ilolman, Tyler.
The Civil'Tenure of Office Bill
accomplishes one reform. It is that
the tenure of public office shall be'
measured by the efficiency of the offi
cer. It prevents a President like
Johnson from dismissing men merely
to gratify a political passion. But
while the power of removal is so
strictfy guarded, it seems that there
should also be qualifications as to the
power of Hppointment. The high
officers of the Government should not
depend simply upon the expression of
Executive pleasure. The President
must select his advisers and principal
assistants in all departments from his
own knowledge of their character.and
not from any written qualifications.
But in all the departments of the
Government there should be as much
care taken iu making appointments as
there is m the army and navy. V ith
tary and naval officers from schools
where they are carefully educated at
the Government expense ; and dur
ing the war we found our account in
it. It requires ability and experience
to faithfully perform tbe services re
quired in other departments of the
Government, and we trust to see
Schenks' Civil Service Bill pass Cou
gresa. Such a bill will enable the
President to select for his foreign
representatives, clerks in depart
ments, postmasters, aud a multitude
of appointments where skill aud edu
cation are required, men who have
been properly trained, and whose
only eiaini will be their merit. Any
measure which will secure the princi
ple of ptrsonal efficiency as the test
of appointment, will be wise legislation.
The Charleston JVeics sap: " A
ntfmber of papers have "placed the
rrame of Andrew Johnson at the
head of their columns as the candi
date for next Governor of Tennessee.
It is said that Mr. Johnson will ac
cept the Democratic nomination, and
there is little doubt that he will re
ceive it." This would seem as if !
President Johnson was about to take
the " back, track." If he continues
down the-..eliding scale Governor,"
Alderman, etc., he may finally reach
the shears once more.
The coolie trade is not sanctioned
by the laws of any civilized nation,
but it is now attracting the attention
of the world toward itself, not by the
enormities practiced upon its unfortu
nate victim, but bp the bloody deeds
enacted by the coolies themselves in
self defense. So long as only the
wretched slaves were torn from their
native land and sold into a bondage
which is only nominally temporal, in
a foreign country, no voice was
raised in condemnation of the traffic,
and civilization had no words of hor.
ror at such a transaction in which the
countrymen of the victims themselves
have such an important part. Now,
however, public attention is directed
toward this modern variety of slavery
by the murder of white men engaged
in it. People will naturally inquire
into the facts which lead to the
butchery of a whole ship's crew by a
gang of coolks, and the world will
ask who and what are coolies,
and under what condition and
circumstances they are thus shipped
from China to South America or the
West Indie's, like so many chests of
tea. It is time these questions were
asked.
OFK1CI.VI..J
By the President of Hie United States o
America.
A PIKKIiAMVTIOV.
Wbcreaa a treat- of commerce between the
United States of .America and ber Majesty
the Queen of .Madagascar was concluded and
signed by their respective plenipotentiaries
at Antananarivo, the fourteenth day of
February, eighteen hundred and sixty seven,
which treaty is word for word as tollovrs :
TKKATY BETWEEN TUB GOVKHNMENT OF THE
I'NITEft STATUS OC AMERICA AND OF HER
MAJESTY THK QUEEN OF MADAGASCAR.
Between Rainimaharavo, chief secretary of
state, o vtra., Atiriantsitohaina, f rtra.,
Kafuralrthiliemalo, head of the civilians, on
the part of the government of her Majesty
tbe Queen of Madagascar, and Major John
1'. Finkelmcier, the commercial ajre'nt of ihe
U. H. for Madagascar, on the part of'the gov
ernment of the V. .S. of America, all duly
uuthor.zed iu that e fleet by their respective
governments, tbe following articles of a
commercial treaty have this day been drawn
up and signed by mutual agreement:
Art. 1. Her Majesty JIasoherina Manjaka,
Queen of Madagascar, and his Excellency
Andrew Johnson, President of the United
States of America, both desirous, for tbe
good and welfare of their respective coun
tries, to enter into a more close commercial
relation and friendship between tbe subjects
of her Majesty and the people of the United
States, hereby snlemnlv declare thut peace
and good friendship shall exist between
them and their respective heirs and success
ors forever without war.
Aut. 2. The dominions ol ench contract
ing party, us well as the right of domicile of
their inhabitahts are sacred, and no forcible
possession of territory shall ever t ike place
in either of them by the other partv, nor
any domiciliary visits or forcible entries be
made to the houses of either party against
the will of the occupants. But whenever it
is known for certain, or suspected, that
transgressors against the laws of the kinj
dnm are in certain premises, they may be
entered in concert with the United States
consul, or, in his absence, by a duly author
ized oflicer, to look after the offender.
Tiie right of sovereignty shall in all cases
be respected in the dominions of one gov
ernment by the subjects or citizens of the
other. Citizens of the United States of
America shall, while in Madagascar, enjoy
the privilege of free and unmolested exercise
of the Christian religion aud its customs.
New places ot worship, however, shall not
be budded by them without the permission
of the government.
They shall enjoy full and complete protec
tion and security for themselves and their
property, equally with the subjects of Mada
gascar ; the right to lease or rent land,
houses, or storehouses for a term of months
or years mutually agreed upon between the
owners and American citizens; build houses
and magazines, on land leased by them, in
accordance with the laws of Madagascar for
buildings; hire laborers not soldiers, and it
slaves, not without permission of their mas
ters. Should the Queen, however, require the
services of such laborers, cr if they should
desire, on their own account, to leave, they
shall be at liberty td do so, and be paid up
to the time cf leaving, on giving previous
notice.
Contracts for renting or leasing land or
bouses or hiring laborers ruav be executed
by deeds signed before the United States
consul and the local authorities. They also
shall be permitted to trade or pass' with
their merchandise through nil parfs of Mad
agascar which are under the control of a
governor, duly appointed by her Majesty,
with the exception of Ambohimanga" Am
bohimanambwla, and Amparafaravato.whk h
places foreigners are not permitted to enter,
and, in fact, be entitled to all privileges of
commerce granted to other favored nations.
The subjects of her Majesty the Queen of
Madagascar shall enjoy the same privileges
in the United States of Amerio.
Art. 8. Commerce between the people of
America and Madagascar shall be perectt
free, with all the privileges under which ths
most favored nations are now or may here
after be t rading. Citizens of America, shall,
however, pay a duty, not exceeding ten per
cent., on both exports and imports in Mada
gascar, to be regulated by a tariff mutually
asreed upon, with the following exceptions:
Munition of war, to be imported by the
Queen of Madagascar into her dominions, or
by her order. Prohibited from export by
the laws of Madagascar are munition of war,
timber, and cows. No other duties, such as
tonnage, pilotage, quarantine, light-house
dues, shall be imposed in ports of either
cou ltry on the vessels of the other to which
national vessels or vessels of the most fa
vored nations shall tot equally be liable.
Ports of Madagascar where there is no
military station under tbe control of a gov
ernor must not be entered by United States
vessels.
A kt. 4. Each contracting party may ap
point cotisuIs, to reside in the dominions of
each other, who shall enjoy all privileges
granted to consuls of the most favored na
tions, to be witness of the good relationship
existing between both nations, nd to regu
late and protect commerce.
Art. 5. Citizens of the United States who
enter Madagascar, and subjects of her Maj
esty the Queen of Madagascar w h'le sojourn
ing in America, are subject to the laws of
trade and commerce in the respective coun
tries. In regard to civil rights, however,
whether of person or property, of American
citizens, or in cases of criminal offences,
they shall be tinder the exclusive civil and
criminal jurisdiction of their own consul
nly, duly invested with the necessary
powers.
Btrt should any American citizen be guilty
of a serious criminal offence against the laws
of Madagascar, he shull be liable to banish
ment from the country.
All disputes and differences arising within
the dominions of her Majesty, between citi
zens of the United States and subjects of
Madagascar, shalf be decided before the Uni
ted States consul, and an oflicer,- dly au
thorized by hr Majesty's government, who
shall afford ran taut assistance and every
facility to each other in recovering debts.
Art. 6. No American vessel shall have
comBiuiiicatioB with th shtre before ra-
wmmmmmmmomamamMmmm
ceiving pratique from the hcal authorities j
of Madagascar ; nor shall a"Ay subject of her
Majesty the Queen be permitted to embark j
on boa. d an American vessel withmit a pass
port from ber Majesty's government.'
In cases of mutiny or desertion, tbe local
authorities shall, on application, render all
necessary assistance to tbe American consul
to bring back the deserters and to re-establish
discipline, if possible, among the crew
of a merchant vessel.
Art. 7. In case of a shipwreck of an Amer
ican vessel on the coast of Madagascar, or if-
any, such vessel should be attacked or plun
dered in the waters of Madagascar adjacent
to any military station, her Majesty engages
to order the governor to grant every assist
ance in his power to secure tbe property i nd
to restore it to the owner or to the United
States consul, if this be not impossible.
Aut- S. The above articles of treaty, made
in good faith, shall be submitted to both the
government of the Unite J States of America
and her Majesty the Queen of Madasrascar
for ratification, and such ratifications be ex
changed within six months from date of rat
ification, at Antananarivo.
Should it, at any future time, seem desir
able, in the interest of either of the con
tracting parties, to alter or add to the pres
ent treaty, such alterations or additions ilia!!
be effected with tbe consent of both parties.
Duplicate originals of this treaty, with
corresponding text in the English and Mal
agasy languages, which shall be both of
equal authority, have been signed and sealed
at Antananarivo this day.
SUPPLEMENTARY ARTICLE TO SECTION 2.
P. Should there be any business of the
Queen requiring the services of such labor
ers, they shall be permitted to leave with
out giving previous notice. The sentence
in article 2. stating that 'previous notice
must be given, refers only to laboiers leav
ing on their own account.
J. P. FINKKLMEIER. fsnAL.
KAINIMAJIAUAVO, seauj
Chi- f Sesn tary of State, 16 vtra.
ADRJ ANTS1TOI1AINA, 16 vtra.
ItAFAKALAlIIliEM ALU,
Head of the Civilians.
Antananarivo, lith February. 1S7.
And whereas the said treaty has been duly
ratified on both parts, and the respective
ratifications were exchanged at Antanan
arivo on the eighth of July last:
Now, therefore, be it known that I, An
drew Johnson, President of the United
States of America, have caused tbe said
treaty to be made public to the end tlmt the
same and every clause and article thereof
may be observed and fulfilled with good
faith by the United States aud the citizens
thereof.
In witness whereof. I have hereunto set
my baud and caused tbe seal of the United
States to be affixed.
Done in the city of Washington this first
day of October, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, and
of the independence of the United States the
ninety-second.
St"-al. ANDREW JOlINcON.
l!y the President :
'William II. Seward,
Secretary of State.
Courage.
-Courage of the highest
order is the product of the conscience and
the will. It is not the hardihood which
comes from ignorance of the situation, or
from stolid insensibility. It looks upon the
facts as they are, aud upon the dangers as
they exist, and resolves to meet und tri
umph over them. Kohn & Fishel louked
upon tbe fact that the people could not nC'ord
'49 prices for their dre.-s goods, -tc, and
they resolved that prices must be reduced in
proportion to the times. They have suc
ceeded, and are now consideied really the
best men in Portland to deal with.
IV ew Advert iscmcn ts.
p IKE MX HOTEL.
Main Streetx Oregon City
J. F. Miller & Co., Proprietors.
The proprietors of the above Hotel take
great pleasure in announcing to the public
that they have made arrangements to keep a
first class house for the traveling publii:, and
hope to receive a share of their patronage.
The House is at a very convenient distance
from either lauding ot the steamboats, and
near the ceuter of business.
I
l.'S'P A III? VP
Main street, one door North of the
Lincoln Bakery, Oregon City.
B. F. Newman, Proprietor.
The proprietor is now prepared to furnish
the public with Hot Coffee. Oysters. P;gs-ieet,
Game and Fi-.li, at m!1 hours of the day.
S Boarders wili be accommodated at
$.3 On per week. Give n.e a call and you shall
go away satisfied.
gHERIFPS SALE.
By virtue of an execution and onW of sale
issued out of the Circuit Court of the State
of Oregon, for the County of Clackamas, and
to u.e directed, in favor of William Strong,
Administrator of ihe Fstate of Amoi v Hol
brook deceased Plaintiff, and against'james
G. Svvatl'ord and Melissa Swaflbrd Defendants,
for the sum of six hundred and fortv-five
$M5 00) dollars, hearing interest flt 2 per
cent, per month from the 3(th day of Octo
ber, 1W7; also twenty -eight and 5o-lu0 dollars
($2S 5o) costs, and all accruing costs I have
this 15th d.iy of January 18G! levied on the
following described Ken! Estate, viz- Begin
ning at a point!) fio-lf.n j chains West ot the
quarter section Post, between sections 4 and
y of T. 3, S. It, 2 E., Thence East 33 chains
thence North 31 53-100 chains thence South
co ..est .. io-iuo ctiains thence South
chains, to the place of beginning, containing
lo2 25-100 acres with all the bmidin-'s there
on the part of the donation claim of J. G.
Swafluid and wife: and on
Thursday the ISth day of February.
1809, at the hour of 10 o'clock, A. M. of said
day in front of the Court House door in Ore
gon City, in said Clackamas County, I will
sell all the Interest of said defendants to the
above described Ileal Estate, to the highest
and best bidder therefor. JOHN MYEHS.
1 1 ll) Sheriff of Clackamas Cou-ity.
GEO. P. ROIVELL Sf COS
AMERICAN
Newspaper Directory,
CONTAINING
ACCURATE LISTS OF ALL THE NEWS
PAPERS and PERIODICALS PUB
LISHED ix the UNITED STATES and
TERRITORIES, ami thk DOMIN
ION of CANADA, and BRITISH
COLONIES OF NORTH
AMERICA ; ,
TOGETHER WITH
A DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWNS AND
CITIES IN WHICH THEY ARE
' PUBLISHED.
NEW YORK:
GEO. r. KOWELL & CO.,
pubi-isheks and newspaper advertising
Agkxts,
40 Par It now.
13G9.
A HANDSOME OCTAVO VOLUME OF
300 PAGES BOUND IN CLOTH.
PRICE
FIVE DOLLARS.
A work of great value to Advertisers, Pub
lishers and others, who desire informa
tion in relation to the Newspapers
and Periodicals of North
America.
THE EDITION WILL DELIMITED, AND
PERSONS DESIRING COPIFS WILL
DO WELL TO SEND THEIR OR
DERS IMMEDIATELY TO
GEO. P. ROAVELL & CO.,
PUBLISHERS & ADVERTISING AGENTS
4 0 Park it o w,
New York.
)ILI, HEADS PRINTED.
At tiitf Enterprise Office
AUCTION AND COMMISSION
A. 15. Richardson
AUCTIONEER !
C6tnet of Front and Oak streets, Portland!.
AUCTION SALES
Cft eaf Estate, Groceries, General Merckan
dise and Horses,
Every Wednesday and Saturday f
A. B. RicHARnsojf, Auctioneer.
AT PRIVATE SAT. V.
English refined Bar and Bundle Iron
r.ugnsM square auu ucLagon (jast steel
liorsf Khfw. Files. Rnarw sntrc
Screws, Fry-pans, sheet iron, R.' G. Iron ; L
also :
A large assortment of Groceries and Liquort.
A. B. Richardson, Auctioneer.
Educational V
A public examination of teachers desirine
Certificate to Tracli in Clackamas coun
ty, will be held at the Oregon City Semina
ry, on Jan SOth, beginning at 10 o'clock a m
.3t) S. I). POPE,
County Superintendent.
JpARR & B ROTHER.
BUTCHERS & MEAT VENDERS.
SSS- Thankful for past favors of the public
respectfully ask a continuance of the same.
We shall deliver to our patrons all the beet
qualities of Beef, Mutton, Pork, Poultry etc,
as usual twice a week, on
Tuesdays and Saturdays!
HATS! HATS! HATS!
OF EVERY STYLE
In Large Quantities can be Pound
AT
J. C MEUSSDORFFER & BRO.'S
S. ITr. corner of Morrison and Front
streets, Portland, Oregon.
o
Also Caps of crery style, and Boys and
Girls' Hats in large varieties. Give us a call
and examine.
JOHN WILSON,
Dealer in
Dry Goods and Clothing
119 Front Strtet (In Whites Xew Block,)
PORTLAND OREGON,
IS NOW OPENING A NEW AND EXTEN
sire stock Goods iu tbe aby c line, and
COMPRISING
The Latest Styles !
OF
Plain and Changeable Dress Silks;
Silk and Wool Poplins;
A 11 Wool Po2lins and Tartan Plaids;
and a large variety of other Dress Goods.
ALSO,
Gents' and Boys' Custom-made
CLOTHING!
and Ladies and Gents' Under Wear and
Furnishing Goods, which buyers
ere invited to call and inspect.
9.) JOHN 1VIL.SOV.
PACIFIC MAIL
STKAMSHIJS KOU
New York, Japan & China,
Wiil be dispatched as follows :
o
Leave wharf corner of First and Hrannan
streets, at 1 1 o'clock a. m. of the following
dates, for Panama, connecting via. Panama
R. R: with one of the company's splendid
steamers from Aspinwall for New York, on
The Ctli, 14th, 22d and 30tl,
OF EACH MONTH!
Steamers leaving SanFrancisco on the 14th.
and Uoth totteh at Manzanillo. All touch at
Acapulco. Departure of the Gth connects
with English steamer andAustralia. Depart
ure of the lth is expected to connect with
the French Trans-Atlantic Co.'s steamer for
St. Nazaire, and English steamer for South
America. Through tickets can be obtained.
Departure of lith is expected to connect
with English steamer for Southampton.South
America", and )'. H R: Co.'s steamer for Cen
tral America. Through tickets can be had.
Passengers berthed through. Dag.
gage checked through, loo lbs. allowed to
each adult. An experienced surgeon on
board. Medicine and attendarce free.
These steamers will positively sail at 11
o'clock. Passengers are requested to have
their bazgage on board before ten o'clock.
Z-4f Through tickets to Liverpool by the
Cunard, Inmaii and National steamship lines
can be obtained at tbe P. M. S.S: Co.'s oJlieo
in SanFrancisco, where may also be obtained
orders for passage from Liverpool or South
ampton to San Francisco, either via New
York or St. Thomas if desired an amount
of 10 or 20 will bp advanced with the
above orders. Holders of orders will be re
quired to identify themselves to the Agents,
in England.
For merchandise and freight for New York;
and way ports, apply to Wells, Fargo & Co.
No Freight received after 2 p. it. of the
dav prior to departure.
For passage and all other information, ap
ply at the P. M. S.S: Co.'s office, corner oC
Sucrameuto and Leidesdortt' sts.
OLIVER ELDR1DGE, Agent.
HOME MADE
FURNITURE!
M. WORTHEIWIER,
Manufacturer of and Dealer in Furniture,
OREGON CITY,
HPAKES THIS METHOD OF INFORMING?
JL the public that he has now on haud
a laage invoice of
SQUARE AND EXTENSION TABLES,.
BUREAUS.
BEDSTEADS.
LOUNGES. DESKS.
STANDS, CHAIRS',
And Various other Qualities of Rich
and Medium Furniture !
Forming a complete and desirable assort
ment, which merits the attention of buyersv
He M A2JTJFACTTJRES FTTRNIXXTRE
Using good materials, and employing the
very best mechanics in the State, hence ho
can warrant his goods to be as- represented,
and he is prepared to Ml all orders- wit!
promptness.
He would call the attention of the pnblio
to his salesroom, a containing the most
complete assortment of dotiraklt good in the
State.
M. WORTHEIMER.
Main street, Oregon City.
"USTICES' BLANKS, of every deserip
tioa. lor sale at tile KMtr.FBi.sB oc