Tho Dalles Daily Chrociek
SUBSCRIPTION BATES.
BY MAIL, F08TAGB FBI PAID, III ADVaHCX.
Weekly, lyear.. $ 1 BO
" 6 months. 0 75
" g " 0 50
Dil,1 year 6 00
" months. 8 00
per " 0 60
Address all communication to " THK CHEON
iCUt." The Dalles, Oregon.
THURSDAY - - - MARCH 28, 1895
SIXTEEN TO ONE.
. . As the silver problem is one of the
burning issues of the day, and as the
financial peace and prosperity of nations
may be said to depend npon its eventual
eolation, it is important that as much of
it be understood as possible.
Next to the abstract proposition of
free coinage itself is the question of tbe
ratio. Every time a silver congressman
makes a speech or a silver editor writes
an article the words "sixteen to one"
are used. . "Sixteen to, one" that is
tbe device emblazoned on tbe banner
of tbe silverites. It is their slogan,
their rallying cry. It is the first line of
their declarations of principles, of their
platforms. They stand npon it irrevo
cably. Around those words a simple
formula are grouped charges, accusa
tions, predictions, arguments, affirma
tions, negations and what not I From
.what we read and hear the safety of na
tions, the wealth of states, the property
of individuals, everything in fact, bangs
npon the preservation of tbe integrity of
that formula.
What does 16 to 1 mean? How many
of us know? Ask anyone your neigh
bor, yourself perhaps and note tbe lack
of knowledge extant. And yet in the
abstract tbe matter is a simple one.
Stripped of many complex character'
, istics which affect but do not alter its
substance, the meaning of tbe phrase 16
to 1 is easily understood. It expresses
' the relative value of gold and silver for
' coinage purpose as established by the
' government. Of necessity, things that
are placed in comparison and considered,
measured, estimated or valued relatively
must have a common character of some
sort. In the case of gold and silver it is
- weight. One ounce of silver Jias only
. one-sixteenth the value of an ounce of
' gold. One ounce of gold is worth six
teen ounces of silver.
This government ratio, while arbi
, trary, is based upon something which
rests itself on the natural laws of com
merce, tbe two chief conditions of which
are demand and supply. In other
words, the legal ratio is the commercial
or true ration modified for one technical
reason or another to a small decimal
extent.
Tbe ratio of relative value has fluctu
ated with more or less violence since the
earliest record of its existence. It has
been affected wholly by causes which
may be grouped under the heads of sup
ply and demand. There have been tem
porary disturbances, such as affect all
merchandise, which have either raised
or lowered the ruling value of the cheaper
metal relatively to the dearer specula
tion, governmental action or other hu
man actions which suspended the work
ings of natural laws for a time. But in
the main the market has been influenced
by over or under production, by im
proved methods of mining, new mechan
ical discoveries, increased transportation
facilities, reduced freight rates, and so
on the usual things which figure in the
progress of the world's commerce.
Within historic times the value of
silver relatively to gold has greatly
changed. In antiquity, local conditions
governing entirely, there were as many
values of silver as there were countries
Commerce gradually equalized these
difference.
The encyclopedias tell us that in an
cient Arabia silver was worth twice as
much as gold.
According to the relative production
of the two metals, countries appreciated
or depreciated silver. In Asia a gold'
producing country, silver was higher in
estimation than in Europe, of which
silver was the peculiar production
This estimation in Asia prevailed until
within a recent period. As late as the
seventeenth century gold and silver
were valued equally in Japan.
The earliest recorded ratio is found in
scribed at Karnak, the tribute lists of
Thutmofsis, 1600 B. C, giving 13.33 to 1
The Britannica tells us that the same
ratio is shown by cuneiform inscriptions
on ancient Persian coins and that Xtno
phon reported its existence in 400 B. C.
With the approach of the Christian era
silver appreciated with relation to gold,
In 189 B. C. both Greeks and Romans
bad a ratio of 10 to 1. Upon Caesar's
return to Rome there was a temporary
relative superabundance of gold and the
ratio fell to 7)4 to 1. A century later
the ratio of to 1 was fixed. It so re
mained for nearly ten centuries.
At the end of tbe fifteenth century the
ratio established by Spain was 10 to 1
Half a century later, the' plunder of
America being principally in gold, the
wealth of the Potosi silver mines not be
ing as yet known, Spain, which country
then monopolized the supplies of prec
ious metals, raised the legal value of
gold to 13 to 1. Another century made
Portugal the arbiter, and into its coffers
flowed a stream of gold from Brazil,
Japan and tbe East Indies. In 1683 for
the first time appeared the now cele
brated figures 16 to 1. Then came
another change: The placers of Brazil
were exhausted, the Orient had been
fully plundered, Portugal had lost its
importance. Spain again controlled the
ratio, and in 1755, her colonial produce
being chiefly silver, she raised the rela
tive value of tbe white metal to 15 to 1
for Europe, allowing it to remain at the
Portuguese ratio for her American colon
ies. France had had since 1726 a ratio
of her own, 14 to 1. In 1785 she
adopted the Spanish relation 15 to 1.
Since then, with brief breakB, these
two ratios have existed. With the sus
pension of free coinage of silver in the
United Stales the 16 to 1 ratio has be
come simply a tradition.
The value of silver in the market has
suffered a depreciation in the last quar
ter of a century. In 1873, the year when
the United States practically demone
tized silver, bar silver was quoted in
America, taking the equivalent for the
London quotation, at $1,288 per ounce.
In 1878, when the Bland bill became a
law, the similar quotation was $1,151.
In 1890, when the Sherman law was
substituted, the price had fallen to
$1,046. The average price for the year
1893 was $0,782, or, to use the more
habitual English quotation, 35.596 pence.
A few days ago the price reached 27
pence, bince tnen tnere nas been a
stiffening of the price, due to tbe possi
bility of a big demand. for the metal by
China. Walla Walla Statesman.
Notice.
To Whom It May Concern :
On and after April 1, 1895, the price of
norse-snoeing will be fZ per head in the
places ot the undersigned.
B George Thompson,
St. Arnold & Shoren,
J. L. Thompson,
Gunning & Hoceman,
Lane Bros,
Wm. Young.
Our patrons will find De Witt's Little
Early Risers a safe and reliable remedy
for constipation, dyspepsia and liver
complaints, Snipes-Kinersly Drug Co,
The sum of $4.75 was stolen early
Monday morning from a cbopuouse, in
Astoria, by some one who gained an en
trance by opening the front door with a
skeleton key.
OMEN'S FACES
like flowers, fade
and wither with time ;
the bloom of the rose
is only known to the
healthy woman's
cneeits. tub nerv-
ons strain caused by
the ailments and
pains peculiar to the
sex, and the labor
and worry of rearing
a tamilv. can otten
be traced bv the lines in the woman's face,
Dull eyes, the sallow or wrinkled face and
those " feelings of weakness " have their
rise in the derangements and irregrulantiea
peculiar to women. Tlje functional de
rangements, painful disorders, and chronic
weaknesses of womencan be cured with
Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription. For the
young girl just entering womanhood, for
tne mother ana those aDout to become
mothers, and later in the change of life,'
the " Prescription " is just what thev need
it aids nature in preparing the system for
the change. It's a medicine prescribed for
thirty years, in the diseases of women, by
Dr. R. V. Pierce, chief consulting physician
to the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Insti
tute, at Buffalo, N. Y. Dr. Pierce's Favorite
Prescription will cure the chronic inflamma
tionof the lining membranes which cause
such exhausting drains upon the system.
It cures nervous prostration, sleeolessness.
faintness, nervous debility and all disorders
arising trom derangement ot the temale
organs and functions.
Mrs. Jennie Williams, of Mohawk, Lam G.,
irtytm, wnm: X
was sick for over three
years with blind dizzy
spells, palpitation of
the heart, pain in the
back and head, and
at times would have
such a weak tired feel
ing when I first got
up in the morning,
and at times nervous
chills.
The physicians dif
fered as to what my
disease was, but none
of them did me any
good. As soon as I
commenced taking Dr.
Pierce's Favorite Pre
scription, I began to
get better : could si,
eer
Mrs. William!
wen nights, and that bad, nervous feeling and the
soon ieu me. 1 can walk sever
al miles without getting tired. I took in all three
bottles of ' Prescription ' and twoof nismvrrv
Pipe
Tillir;ery.
a first
I can
-ALSO A FULL LINE OF-
MRS. M. E. BRIGGS,
We have made arrangements with the
San Francisco Examiner to furnish it in
connection with The Chronicle. Hav
ing a clubbing rate with tbe Oregonian
and N. Y. Tribune for our republican
patrons, we have made this arrangement
for the accommodation of the democratic
members of The Cheoniclk family.
Both papers, the Weekly Examiner and
Skmi-Weekxy Chronicle will be fur
nished for one year for $2.25, cash in ad
vance. . A Splendid Offer.
Our clubbing arrangements with the
San Francisco Examiner entitles those
subscribing for that paper in connection
with The Cheoniclk to all the benefits
of their premium offer, that is a num
bered receipt and choice of premium
pictures. The price of the Examiner iB
$1.75, the price of The Chronicle $1.50,
and we send you both with till privileges
as above stated for one year for $2.25.
Choice two-year-old roses for 25 cents ;
alee cut flowers and floral designs at the
Rose Hill Greenhouse, Eighth and Lin;
coin street. Orders can be left at Mrs
Phillips' millinery store, on Washington
street, between Second and Third, tf.
For Rent.
After April 1st, 20 acres of fine land,
situated within the city limits. House
and barn, good water for irrigating,
Terms easy. Apply to Fred W. Wilson.
mch20-lm.
. Telephone Notice
Those who have not already ordered
instruments placed and who desire tele
phone service from the Seufert-Condon
Exchange, will please order at once.
Setjfebt & Condon.
Cows for Sale.
Parties wanting fresh milk cows can
obtain them bv calling on A. Fields at
bis place near Crate's point. j26-tf
Jos. T. Peters & Co. have cord wood,
which is desirable in all respects, and
respectfully solici' your orders.
THE DALLES
ASSOCIATION.
ine above association is
prepared to take a list of all
and any kind of Real Estate
for sale or exchange, whereby
the seller will have the undi
vided assistance of the follow
ing Real Estate ' Agents, or
ganized as an association for
the purpose of inducing im
migration to Wasco and Sher
man Counties, and generally
stimulating the sale of prop
erty:
C. E. Bayard, T. A. Hud
son, J. G. Koontz & Co., J. M
Huntington & Co., Dufur &
Hill, N. Whealdon, Gibons &
Harden,. G. W. Rowland.
Address any of the above
well known firms, or
F. D. HILL, SecVi
The Dalles, Oregon,
13 D S
Garden and
Grass Seeds
in Bulk, at
J. H. Cross'
Feed & Gro
cery Store.
H D S
Having secured the services o
- class trimmer from the city
assure my patrons perfect sat
REAL ESTATE
? E5
5 u
isfaction as to style and finish.
Call and see the large variety
of Hats on display in window.
Successor to Anna Peter & Co
112 Second Street,
BULK SEEDS
A Fine Line of Fresh Bulk Seeds, just
arrived.
Kentucky Blue Grass,
Red Clover, Peas,
White Clover, Onions
Alfalfa, Turnips,
Millet, Carrots,
Beans, -Beets.
ALL VARIETIES
Flo-wer Seeds, Onion Sets.
J. B. CROSSEN,
Grocer.
Ask Central for 62.
NIGKELSEN'S
BOOK : STOHE.
Attractive Goods,
Full Assortment,
Small Profits,
Quick Sales.
Slowing Greennouse
Everything for the Garden
Roses, one, two and three years old
White and Purple Lilacs, and all kinds
of blooming snruDbery ; uahuas, Uladi
olias, Phlox, and Canter berry Bells.
Choice Chrysanthemums at 50 cents
per dozen, or 5 cents each.
Geraniums, Heliotrope, Marguerites
and Fuschias at $1 per dozen.
Cut Flowers furnished on short notice
for all occasions.
Snipes-Kinersly Drag Co.
Drugs,
Paints,
Wall Paper,
Window Glass.
129 Second St.,
THE DALLES, - - OR
E. JACOBSEN BOOK and MUSIC CO.
THK LEADERS IN
Pianos and Organs, Books
NOTIONS, STATIONERY.
Call and ret their prices. Sell PIANOS on
easy monthly payments, and Is prepared to meet
162 Seconl St, THE DALLES, OR
T. A. VAN NORDEN
DEALER IN-
Watches, Clocks, Jewelry
AND SPECTACLES.
Orea-on Railway & Navigation Company
nncs uepurer ana inspector.
Repairing- of Pine Watehei a Specialty
108 Second St., THE DALLES. OR
Bring in Your Family.
Come
in Yourself,
And see how cheaply
Men's Suits, Boys'
LACES, WOOLENS,
Everything from Hat to Shoes,
C. F. STEPHENS,
When the Train stops at THE DALLES, get off on the South Side
AT TM
JiEW COliUjWlBlfl HOTEli.
This large and popular House noes the principal hotel business,
and Is prepared to furnish the Best Accommodations of any
House in the city, and at the low rate of
$1.00 per Day. - pirst Qass Teals, 25 Cerpts.
Office for all Stage Lines leaTlnc The Dalles for all
points In Eastern. Oregon and Eastern Washington,
In this Hotel.
Corner of Front andUnion Bts.
x nr.
Successor to
-DEALER IN-
PAINTS, OILS AND GLASS.
And the MoBt Complete and Latest Patterns and Designs in '
WALL PAPER WALL PAPER.
PRACTICAL PAINTER and PAPER HANGER. None but the best brands
of J. W. MASURY'S PAINTS need in all onr work, and none bat the
most skilled workmen employed. Agents for Masury Liquid Paints. No chem- '
icel combination or soap mixture. A first-class article in all colors. All orders ,
promptly attended to.
Store and Faint Shoo corner Third and Washington Sts.. The Dalles, 0reoa
"There is a tide in the affairs of tnen which, taken at its flood.
leads on to fortune"
The poet unquestionably had reference to the
at CRANDALL
Who are selling these goods
MTCHELBACH BRICK.
Blakeley &
175 Second Street,
A full line of all the Standard Patent Medicines,
Drugs, Chemicals, Etc.
J5T"Country and Mail Orders will receive prompt attention.
THE CE
COLUMBIA BREWERY,
AUGUST BUCHLER, PropV.
. This well-known Brewery is now turning; oat the best Beer and Porter
east of the Cascades. The latest appliances for the manufacture of good health,
ful Beer have been introduced, and ony the first-class article will be placed on
be market."
we can dress all of you.
Suits, Silks, Satins,
COTTONS, LINENS, ,
for everyone. All new stock.
T. T. NICHOLAS, Propr.
XT SIS
Faul Kreft & Co
& .BURGETS,
out at greatly-reduced rates.
- - UNION 8T.
Houghton,
The Dalles, Oregon
RHTED