GOOD EGG ' MACHINES.
Intelligent Manipulation X.eadn to Lu
ger ICgjj Production.
Ten years ago a careful, industrious
man, well posted to begin with, procured
00 single comb White Leghorn hens
"with the intention of breeding them
strictly in the line of egg production and
large size even shaped eggs. When he
"began the first year the flock averaged
150 eggs to the hen. ' He watched each'
carefully and bred "only from those lay
. ing the greatest number of large perfect
egga anu stuiueu tne size, lorm, style,
weight and motions. By careful ob
servation governed all the time by egg
productiif.i, he soon became able to se
lect good layers at sight. ' Here is his de
sertion of the White Leghorn hen that
may be very generally depended upon to
produce the greatest number of eggs:
"She should be large boned, with
rather long less and neck, lonn on the
back, deep up and down behind, with
leirs Kffc f:4.irlv T7(1T imnrt irpaf lvmfl
somewhat prominent, flesh hard and
strong, in good condition, but not fat,
comb rather above the average in size,
f "l W lrtMtrVit: u ii il fnll ilii.n.t'iftf-n 1 l trill
xiot timid but more inclined to follow
after and crowd about the attendant
than to fly at his approach, large consum
ers of food when fed regularly and given
a chance to exercise. "
He keeps fifty hens in a house 12 by 20
with a run of two rods by eight. As to
feeding he says: "I want none of the
so-called patent egg food3 but plenty of
good, clean, sound grain, such as oats,
wheat, barley, corn and buckwheat,
using largely of a mixture of the first
two. A mixture of ground oats and
corn, equal parts, with their weight of
wheat bran added and the whole moist
ened up with skim milk makes up the
morning meal when the hens are always
hungry and are always allowed all they
will eat in fifteen or twenty minutes. If
there is any food left in the trough at
the end of that time it is taken away.
Whole grain is fed at noon and night
and is scattered so the hens will have to
exercise to get it. Always see that thev
have enough to eat before they go to
roost. A little skim milk is given in the
forenoon and pure water is constantly
supplied. No musty or impure food of
any kind is fed, for it is believed that it
would not only impart an impure flavor
to the eggs but it will prove injurious to
the health of the fowls. I believe in
strict cleanliness at all times and in all
places. Heavy, full feeding with the
best grain foods and a light ration of
green food once a day in summer of kale
or clover cut fine, and in winter of roots
such as turnips, beets, carrots, etc. I
find that I cannot reduce the heavy grain
ration in the full laying season with
more bulky food without loss. The reg
ular light feed of green food gives appe
tite and relish for grain foods and keeps
the digestive organs in good condition. "
He says further: "I find the most ser-
innn trmiKIa in findi n a1ioiiia i
f an egg laying strain. I must have
strong cocks, bred as carefully as the
hens in the line of egg production. . And
for a change I am forced to get breeders
to make special birds for me. " .
This poultryman now has a national
reputation as the most successful egg
producer from a given number of hens.
He finds it very much more profitable
to breed for eggs rather than for feathers
juirl nmnta T- Ti'nl ,1 W np i i
have a few of this poultryman's hens
-veritable egg machines placed before
several of the so-called expert judges of
poultry and see how high they would
score the birds. Here we have an intel
ligent man who has experimented until
he knows he is right. He may be just
right for his location, environment and
f(Mlf1l. TT(i alu.-v ha. amn .1 .. :
garden and fruits. The man without
any of these could follow this plan only
in part. He might be forced to feed
patent egg food and a few drugs in place
of the skim milk and green foods. But
the main point is- to get 250 instead
of the average of 150 eggs yearly from
each hen. '
Begging Fruit.
Accidentally it has been clearly proven
that by covering fmits when small with
thin paper sacks or glazed muslin bags,
they will grow much larger, have clearer
smoather skin, higher, brighter color,
finer flavor, remain uninjured by insects
and ripen on an average of a week earlier.
These facts were found out by bagging
grapes in the East as a preventative of
black rot and other diseases. This was
found practicable and to pay well in
some localities. Such bagged grapes
were so fine, the practice was applied to
other fruits by some and found to give
about the same result as with the grape.
The best point learned this season is
that tomatoes covered with a thin, tough
paper sack, ripened up full and line all
' uiu a auiau I J it I I v I 't 111
over, the stem end equal with the apex
and very high colored, a full week be
fore tomatoes of the same age on the
same vine not bagged. This is practical
and especially so on this Coast where the
AM. T-1 i uu f ,11(1 Tinmir .1 - n 1 i j. 1
hum MUav lV LtT UflUg tne
money. And where our' early tomatoes,
though very early, are very poor from
ripening when there is not sufficient
heat. Bag them. The bag. gives them
heat as well as protection. A large, fine,
fall flavored early tomato is worth a
lozen half ripe little ones. It is cheaply
Sfne and reasonable. Try it on a few.
Prunes and Plains
, Prunes and plums are the same thing
so far as species' go. Both" names are
h?rivMtinnA of tVi trpndrin n...
- . "."Httuw pi huub.
But in a commercial view prunes proper
and plums are distinct. Rightly the
mune prune can only be used to distin
guish a plum that is sweet when dried,
that is carrying enough grape sugar to
be palatable when dried either cooked or
raw. Plum is name applicable to va
rieties of the genus, - that, though quite
sweet when raw when ; ripe, are quite
.acid when cooked or dried. Prunes are
very nourishing and wholesome. -
et a Well Bred BliepheriL. .
The breed of the shepherd should be
carefully looked after as well as that of
the sheep. A flock of the finest sheep
will not thrive under the care of a care
less, cruel shepherd.
FLOWERING VEGETATION.
The Farmer and Fruit Grower Should
Look into Thin Question.
There are many small points of con-;
siderable value in the culture of crops,
plants and fruits which are , overlooked.
It has been determined by experiments
that flowering is quite an exhaustive
process, especially the maturing of pol
len. An analysis of the pollen of nearly
all plants proves it to be rich in food
properties, such as animal life receives
nutrition from. Myriads of insects find
the bulk of their food in the pollen of
flowers. The honey bee is only one out
of the many. Wild bees, such as wasps,
hornets and many others, find their
principle food in it. So also do numer
ons species of ground beetles and many
other insects. ' Its food elements are
more nearly like those of flesh than com
mon vegetable matter.
., Nearly all plants mature an immense
amount of pollen and this requires a
great amount of plant food or nutrition
to formulate it. Strawberries are an
example. Common Indian corn is an
other. It has its pistils on the stalks
wnere tne ear rorms. Its stamm is in
the tassels at the head of the stalks
where the pollen grains are formed. The
whole mass requires a large amount of
plant food to mature them. Careful ex
periments have proven that if in a" large
field half the stalks have the tassels the
pollen bearing organs cut out as soon
as they can be seen the yield of corn will
be 15 to 20 per cent, greater than if the
pollen was allowed to mature. These
facts apply to many other plants. Un
fortunately (perhaps) with most plants
the pollen and pistils are both in the
same flower and we cannot interfere.
In numerous other plants and trees the
male and female organs are strictly con
fined to different individuals, the male
bearing pollen only, the female seeds
only. The vigor of the female plant is
left wholly to the production of fruit,
and 6uch usually mature a vast amount
without loss of vitality. They seem to
fail, however, if not supplied plentifully
with pollen. The hop vine is such an
example. Many hop yards are weak in
vitality solely for lack of sufficient male
vines in the vicinity. Such yard fall an
easy prey to insects and diseases. Many
varieties of the grape vine have this
same characteristic in a more limited
form. No one knows this better than
the experimenter who has grown Vast
numbers of vines from seed to fruiting
age. About 10 per cent, of a lot of seed
lings will be strictly staininate or male
giving no fruit, only pollen. The others,
like all plants with polygamous flowers,
will some of them have both sets of of
gans fully developed and mature both
pollen and fruit. These usually fail
from too great a strain on their vitality,
while others strongly pistillate and grow
ing near males and in reach of plenty of
pollen, will fruit srandlv. Snph irlm
planted by itself with no male vine near
soon loses its vigor and becomes "quite
worthless.'
Common fruit trees such as the apple,
cherry, plum, etc., having the male and
female organs in the same flower at
times bloom enormously. This so ex
hausts them that they fail to hold the"
young fruit. In instances it all falls,
which proves that the production of pol
len exhaust vitalit.v- tn Via nra.
find the same facts but the crop is af
fected in a different way, as has been L
Droven bv manv observpra With f1 I
potato the crop we are after is the tuber,
simply a form of underground stem.
The fruit proper and flowers are pro-
aucea a Dove tne ground as in other
plants. Some varieties, in peculiar cli- '
mates (and such are generally fine for!
tuber production) flower abundantly and !
mature great crops of "potato balls,''
filled with numerous good seed. Now, '
if all these flower buds are nipped off as i
soon as they are visible as a rule the pro- i
duct will be increase 50 to 100 per cent. '
Such varieties have to mature the pollen I
and seeds and aiso the tuber. . ' i
The writer was in a potato patch re-'
cently in a grand potato country. There
was one stalk carrying seven bunches of
potafo balls with from seven to fifteen
large fine balls in each bunch. This
sounds big but they were there. The
owner was asked if he had tested nip-'
ping off the flower buds. He said he '
had and that it increased the yield 75
per cent, of that particular variety. He
had neglected to to remove them this,
season. Tinkering with these little !
things sometimes pays. j
How to Care Rsttleankkn ltitA-
Out of many experimented with, the
following receipt has proved the greater
success: Iodide of potassium 4 grains,
corrosive sublimate 2 grains, bromine 5
drams. It must be kept in a glass vial
well stopped, as the air affects it. Ten
drops diluted in two tablespopnfuls of
whisky or brandy is the first dose. It
may be repeated in one. hour or two if
relief is not secured, or a third the
amount may be given sooner. Dr. Ham
mond often had occasion to test thi3 in
the Rocky mountains and gives ' it the
preference. , -v
' How tu Make m Good Salad Dressing.
. .Be a niggard with vinegar and a prod
igal with oil. . In these few words lies
the secret of salad dressing. Take one
quarter of a tablespoonf ul of salt; three
drops of tabasco sauce or an equivalent
amount of red pepper; half a salt spoon
ful of black pepper; one tablespoonf ul of
vinegar and- three and one-half table
spoonfuls of oil. Rub all these ingre
dients together in the bottom of a soun
plate with the back of a fork, "and -the ;
dressing is. made. A salad is usually !
much improved by the addition of !
piece of bread on which garlic has. been
grated or by the insertion of a few slices !
u onion. - -
How to Make' Pillow Shams Stay - Cp
Without Holders.
Fasten tapes or narrow elastics at the
upper corners of the shams, placing them
across the corners so they . cut off tri
angles. The elastics can then be slipped
over the upper corners of the pillows, and
if the latter are show pillows, big and
fat and 6tuffed with excelsior, they can
be lifted off, shams and alL, at nizht...
HAPPY OREGONIANS.
A, Prosperous. Tear for Farmers MS the
; Pacific. Coast." - . '
Happy Oregonians. Why happy? Be
cause they have good reason to be happy
in contemplation of the , fact that the
fates have been kind to them this year.
A recent trip to the metropolis of the
Empire State of the Northwest, during
which a visit was made with the state
editorial association in annual, conven
tion at the city of Astoria, enabled me
to meet with gentlemen from all parts
Df the state. Inquiry as to the business
prospects of the state was unnecessary.
The spirit of good cheer which the edi
tors wore upon their smiling faces indi
cated that the "boys" were happy. Edi
tors cannot be happy unless business
with them is good. And busine33 with
the country editor cannot be good ex
cept their producing constituency are
prospering. How closely allied are the
interests of newspaper publishers and
farmers. That is whv nublishers de-
j vote so much space and effort to supply
acceptable reading matter for their far
mer readers. When crops are a failure
farmers cannot pay subscriptions nor
buy goods. When thr y cannot buy
goods merchants do not advertise in th?
papers. The publisher who cannot col
lect subscriptions nor fill his spare col
umns with live advertisements, cannot
come to the annual reunions of his craft,
looking happy. .
Oregon's wheat crop is one of the larg
est and best ever harvested. Wheat is
wheat this year and hence the great
plains east of the mountains will yield
up golden eagles for their golden grain.
The Willamette valley and the great
fruit and produce section between Ash
land and the Columbia are harvesting
an abundant yield and at good, stiff
prices. The canning- inrnresra nf fha
Columbia have not suffered materially.
u an apparent snortage of salmon were
not reported nricesmisrhtnot. h
maintained. I was informed at Astoria
that the salmon nack was but lir.r.ln if
any short of the normal.
Dairvinir. which bv rhA W9V in a van.
idly growing industry in Oregon, was
never more active ana as the advanced
methods are comins- into mmo in this
branch of farming life it is not probable
that the Prairie states will be called
upon much longer to supply butter and
cheese to the .Oregonians as they have
done largely in the past.
' Notwithstanding the hop louse has
made inroads in the industry this season,
I was informed that the crop would be
a Trofitahl OTlfl TnTrott all in oil a
year 1891 will mark an era of almost
universal prosperity in Oregon. - . - . ,.
1 met a journalist from Spokane,
Wash., and learnnd that th now ofofik
was eauallv as fortnnat in lior fomfniF
interests this year as is Oregon and Cali-
iorma. - w niie many ot the boom towns
have suffered the inevitable reaction
from abnormal growth, the solid basis
of all permanent prosperity, the agricul
tural development has kept on at a rapid
pace, and millions of bushels of wheat
have been harvested and all other lines
of agriculture have likewise prospered.
After a hurried glance over the Coast
from San Diego to British Columbia, it
is safe to say to onr brethren east of the
"Great Divide" that anything they may
need in the line of orchard, farm or herd,
call on the Pacific Coast for it and we
will supply them with the best the earth
can produce. " W. G. B.
BELTED DUTCH CATTLE.
How the Hollanders Developed Their
Milk Makers.
i The Belted Dutch cow of Holland is
simply a specialized strain of the now
generally well known black and white
dairy breed, the Holstein-Freisian, This
breed is supposed to have originated in
mere whim for . something new or odd
tod was seized upon by the nobility and
wealthy of Holland. By careful breed
ing its peculiar markings have become
firmly fixed. And not only its peculiar
markings were looked after but the
points tending to make of it the ideal
f a.iily and dairy cow were most care- i
fully bred up. .
The cows of this breed average about
1,000 lbs., those of the Holstein-Friesians
about 1,400 lbs. It may be that the
Belts were specialized from small indi
viduals in the start and not as some
think reduced in size by in and in breed
ing. The . markings of this breed are
pretty, interesting and peculiar. One
third, the head and reaching back to
just behind the shoulder, is solid black.
The centre .third, covering one-third of
the udder, is solid white. " The hind
third is black. .'
Late tests indicate that the Belted
cows give . more . pounds, of milk .to
the weight of the cow than any other
breed. Thousand pound cows average
10000 pounds of milk a year. An Amer
ican bred cow of this breed, Heilder,
No. 141 D. B. C. A., is reported as giv
ing 80 pounds of milk a day ' and 552
pounds in seven days. These cattle have
in full force the gentle disposition of the
Holstein. They have been family cows
and pets for ages.
- The Dutch Belted cattle make a per
fect family cow. ' The little Jersey is
the ideal home butter cow. The Dutch
is the solid, slow, intelligent, conserva
tive Hollander,: who "took" Holland
long ago and still keep it. They
like good, solid things to eat. They are
fond of both butter and cheese. The
Holstein-Friesian has been specialized
into a general purpose cow for beef, but
ter and cheese and as such the 'breed
leads the world by a large majority. " ' ,
: The more aristocratic Belts were
drawn a little finer on cheese and butter,
with beef only considered as a small re
siduary product. , With - the Dutch
cheese is leader every time. x The peopl;
who beat the Dutch On good, 'economi
living, and solid, though perhaps plcM1-
ding, comfort can only do so by gettic .
np very early in the morning and givj. r . ,
the business most thorough practi-- -a
thousand years and dropping ;V X j
and foolishness. " I
How to Bare Stair Carpets.
Place a strip of very thick paper over
the edge of each step, as that is where
the carpet wears fastest. It should be
about five inches wide and within an inch
or so as long as the carpet is wide. '
Mow to Dress for a Rainy ay. -
This is one woman's way: r She has
discarded .all sorts of rubber cloaks and
wears a long woolen or waterproof cir
cular, with pointed hood and no arm slits,
except in winter or a very hard rain. She
has a rainy day dress of good though hot
very expensive woolen material, which is
not hurt by mud or rain. This comes
out with the falling of the barometer. A
little knack at lifting enables her to lift
it when going up or down wet steps, so
that it does not trp.fc mmlv ct
course there is- a dark petticoatnnder-
neamit. Alter these garments are wet
and muddy they are hung to dry, brush
ed and, if necessary, pressed." Rubber
overshoes and gaiters protect , the feet,
and an umbrella- and hat, minus ostrich
feathers and velvet, both of whioh
-changed by rain, completes this weather
ueiying costume.
How to Remove a Particle from the Eye.
Take a horsehair and double it to make
a loop. If the particle can be seen, lay
the loop over it, close the eye gently and
draw out the loop. It will nearly always
bring the object with it If the par
ticle cannot be seen, raise the lid as high
as possible and place the loop on the ball,'
widely extended, then close the eye and
let the ball be rolled about a few times,
after which draw the loop as before."
How to Male New Omplpt. '
Parboil a lamb's or calf's kidney and
cut it into small pieces, as for an ordi
nary kidney stew. Add an equal quan
tity of French mushrooms (champeg
nons) and stew them until they are near
ly done. Then add, chopped fine, a
small quantity of green pepper, season
ing with salt and black pepper as usual.
When the kidney and mushrooms are
cooked thoroughly place in an omelet,
made in the usual way, apfl you have a
breakfast dish fit for a king.
How to Make an .'Eolian Harp.
Take a rectangular box made of thin
boards, five or six inches deep and about
the same width, and of a length" to ex
tend across the window it : is to be set
at, so that the breeze can sweep over it.
Glue a strip of wood half an inch in
height at the top of each end of the box.
Upon these strips stretch the strings
lengthwise across the box and turn by
tension pegs, as in the case of a violin.
The sounds produced . by th rising and
falling of the wind are of a drowsy and
lulling character. , . ; -. . ; t ' . .
(Pimples.
The old idea, of 40 years ago was that facial
eruptions were duo to a "blood humor," for
which they gave potash. Thug all the old Sarsa
parlllaa contain potash, a most objectionable and
drastic mineral, that instead ot decreasing,
actually creates more eruptions. You have no
ticed this when taking other Earsaparlllaa than'
Joy's. It Is however now known that the stom
ach, tho blood creating power, is the seat of all
Titiatlng or cleansing operations. . A stomach
clogged by indigestion or constipation, vitiates
the blood, result pimples. A clean -stomach and
healthful digestion purifles it and they disappear.
Thus Joy's Vegetable Sarsnj.arilla la compounded
after the modern Idea to regnlutc tho bowels and
timulate the digestion. The ofl'eetis immediate
and most satisfactory. A short testimonial to
contrast tho action of the potash Sa.-saparillas
and Joy'n modern vojc taiilo preparation. Mrs.
C. D. Stuart, tf -400 liars, s St., 3. F., writes? " I
have for years had i'.iiIicT t'. in, I Iricd R popular
Sarsaparilla but it ne!::.-;; nsn-e.! more pimples
to break out on my face. i:tari:ig that Joy's was
. later prcparutionand aeleJ i;irerently, I'tried
It and the pimples immedttitely disappeared." '
'Vegetable v
Sarsaparilla
Largest buttle, most i-RVfiive, sr.rne price.
For Sale by SNIPES & KINERSLY.
. THE DALLES. OREGON.
A Revelation.
Few people know that tha
bright bluish-green color of
the ordinary teas exposed In
the windows Is not the nat
ural color. Unpleasant as the
fact may be, it is nevertheless
artificial; - mineral coloring
matter being used for this
purpose. : The - effect is two
fold. It not only makes the
tea a bright, shiny green, but also permits the
mse of " off-color " and worthless teas, which', '
once under the green cloak, are readily
worked off as a good quality of taa. : -An
eminent authority writes on this sub-.
, Ject: "The manipulation of poor teas, torsive '
them a"flner appearance, is carried on exten
sively.. Green teas, being- in.. this country
especially popular, are produced to meet the
demand by coloring chca'.cr b'ack kinds by
glasing or facing with Prussian bine, tumeric,
gypsnm, and ludign. Thit vtrthod is to gat-
t era! that very little genuine uncoiored green tea
i offered for tale." , . , . . . . . , .
it was the knowledge of this condition rt
affairs that prompted theplac.rgof Beech's ".
Tea before the public. It is absolutely pure
' and without color. Did you ever .-o any
genuine ancolored Jaran tea? Ask your
grocer to open a package of Beech's, and you
will see it, and probably lor the very first
time. It will be found in coor to be just be
tween the artificial green tea, that you haTe
been accustomed to and the black tas. .
. It draws delightful canary color, and is so
fragrant that it will be a revelation to tea
drinkers. ; Its purity makes it also , more
economical than the artificial tea, for let
' of it is required per cup. Sold only in poand
. packages bearing this trade-mark : '
dhood?
If your grocer does not have It, he will gel
tt for yoo. Price 0o per pound. For sale mt
Xealie Butler's,
; THE DAI LE9, OKFOON.
Joy's
Toro'As-GHil
Tne
is here and has come to stay:. It hopes 1
to win its way to public favor by ener
gy, industry and merit; and to this end
we ask that you give it a fair trial, and
if satisfied with its course a generous
support.
The
four pages of six columns each, will be
issued every evening, except Sunday, .
and will be delivered in the city, or sent
by mail for the moderate, sum of fifty
cents a month. '
Its Objects
will be to advertise the resources of the
city, and adj acent country, to assist in,
developing our. industries, in extending
and opening up new channels for our
trade, in securing an open river, and in.
helping THE DALLES to take her prop--
er position as the
Leading City of
The paper, both daily and weekly, will
be independent in
criticism of political
handling of local affairs, it: will be
JUST, FAIR AND IMPARTIAL
We will enedavor to give all the lo
cal news, and we ask that your criticism
of our object and course, be formed from.
the contents of the paper, and not from
rash assertions of outside parties.
THE
sent to any address for $1.50 per yeaiM
It will contain from four to six eight
column pages, and we shall endeavor
to make it the equal of the best. - Aski
your postmaster for a copy, or address-
jfu
A
THE CHRONICLE PUB. CO.
Office, N. W. Corw Washington and Second. Sts
z
Daily
Eastern Oregon.
politics, and in its
matters, as in its.