Pseaks Amoni Apples.
.Among apples, as among living thing3,
-there are freaks forms appearing to in
dividual trees at the very extremes of
normal conditions. A member of the
state board of agriculture, in one of the
northern counties, has an apple tree that
has never had a petal. No one would
ever know it was in blossom, yet it bears
fruit abundantly. This shows that the
pretty rosy parts of the flower, the pet
als, are nonessential to fruitfulness.
Some contend that the brilliant colors
of the petals of flowers are given to at
tract insects, and arrange for cross fer
tilization. Others contend that the pet
al3 act as protectors of the undeveloped
parts, while others believe that, to some
extent, they have the functions of leaves,
and prepare food for the younger parts.
"Whatever it be, we see by this freak it
is possible to have apples without them.
Then there are seedless apples apples
vpith no core. There may be geims in
the ovari tuns, and the "germs may be
properly fertilized by the pollen, bat the
power to ' absorb nutrition is weak and
the ovaries die in infancy from sheer
starvation. Having been Once ferti
lized, the fleshy part we know emphati
cally as the apple grows on and matures,
though the seed and core do not. Twins
or even triplets are often seen in apples,
as in so many other organisms, and just
as in other organisms by--independent
germs coming into juxtaposition in an
early stage of development, when the
stronger body absorbs a considerable
portion of the other. Thomas Meehan
in- Philadelphia Ledger.
He Couldn't Itecoguixe French Blouey.
It requires very elastic credulity to ac
cept in these days of universal commerce
the existence of a railroad employe who
hud never seen a French bank note, and
who, when he did, considered it some
sortef an" advertising circular. But
such a fellow did exist, and he worked
on the railway that runs out to Sceaux.
One day he found on the platform four
bank notes of 100 francs each, put them
in his pocket and said, "Some nice wom
en on the top; I'll take 'em home to my
little boy." Thanks to his ignorance, he
was only able when he got home at
night to present his son with three
pictures. The boy carried them to
school the next day, and at recess was
about cutting out the "nice women,"
when the teacher saw what he was doing.
"Where did you get these notes?" he
demanded. "Father gave them to me."
"What for?" "To play with." "Very
"well; I shall take charge of them."
They went together to the police station,
and there the matter was satisfactorily
explained. The money had been lost by
a market woman, and she was so de
lighted at receiving the best part of it
that she actually handed one of the bank
notes to the man, exclaiming: "Here,
take this, you old fool, and if you didn't
know before what it was, you will know
hi the future." Paris Corespondent Bos
ton Herald.
The Tomato Seusou.
The season of the tomato isv'short, yet
heing essentially a plant of the tropics,
, it can not be ripened often in England,
except under glass. As a hot house
plant, however, it is widely used there,
certain varieties developing special adap
tation to these conditions. In the short
hut fervent summer in New England, on
the contrary, it finds itself quite at home.
Though the plant like many others of
tropical origiu is highly susceptible to
injury from frost, the seeds are very
hardy, sustaining no harm from remain
ing in the ground throughout winters.
If left to come up of themselves they
do so freely from such accidental plant
ings of the previous season, and here in
Massachusetts will begin to ripen fruit
about the last of August, while plants
which are started early in the hot bed or
window box will begin nearly a month
sooner. A large field of tomatoes in the
vicinity of Boston commenced ripening
fruit one summer about the 10th of July,
at which time they brought twelve dol
lars per bushel in the market. Boston
Transcript ..
Keeris- I'aed for OrnHiiients.
The seed called Job's tears is used in
Shun and by the Naga and other Assam
tribes in the construction of earrings and
other simple and elegant articles of per
sonal adornment. Necklaces of these
seeds are frequently worn, and baskets
and other ornamental articles are oc
casionally decorated with them, especial
ly those made in Nepal. The Angame
Hagas construct elegant earrings in
which a rosette of these seeds surrounds
av greenish beetle wing. These grains
seem to stand a good chance of coming
into more general use in Europe in the
construction of artificial flowers, laces,
hugle trimmings and other such pur
poses for which glass beads are now used,
mil possibly also in Catholic countries
for the manufacture of rosaries. Cham
hers' Journal. ;.
- A Turkish, Book Note.
The bill is on imperial green paper, a
color held sacred iu Turkey, which the
government aloue is permitted to use.
-Ou the top and sides are the following
words iu Turkish, "To be paid to the
hearer, without interest, twenty pias
ters." At the top of the note is the sul
tan's toghra, .surrounding which is a
quotation from the koran. Underneath
jure the words. "Twenty piasters, paper
money; to be used in the place of gold at
the Bank of Constantinople." At the
base or the note, is the seal of the mint,
and on the back the seal of the minister
f the treasury. The toghra is con
sidered sacred, and is guarded by the
three highest officials of the mint, whose
sole duty is to watch it. New York Ad
vertiser. Light Without llama.
U oue or two pieces of phosphorus of
She size of peas be inclosed in a small
hottle half full of olive oil and kept for
some little time the air space in the bot
tle will become filled with a phosphores
cent vapor. The phosphorescence will
Cade, but may be renewed by simply rrn
oorking the bottle. Sufficient light will
"b given out to tell the time by. in fact
Hiia method ia lined by watchmen in
oaif piece where erpieiiva ax stored.
Sir w York Recorder.
! PAYING THE BLOOD TAX
PEASANTS PAY MONEY FOR MUR
DERS COMMITTED IN 1375.
A Debt Which the - Inhabitants of' the
Pyrenees Have Religiously Paid Annu-
. ally for Over Five Centuries The Cere
mony Described by a Witness.
The Independent des Basses-Pyrenees
publishes a very interesting description
written by M. Alfred Cadier, a French
Protestant clergyman at Pan, of a cere
monial which he witnessed on the fron
tier of France and Spain. This con
sisted in the payment of a blood tax,
and it appears -that there are two or
three places in the Pyrenees where the
custom, founded upon the belief that "a
murder committed by the inhabitants of
a village or canton upon those of an ad
joining village or canton must forever
remain a burden upon the descendants
of their descendants," i3 still observed.
Thus, about the middle of the Four
teenth century, the inhabitants of the
valley of Lavedan, having massacred the
defenseless residents of Aspe, were con
demned by the pope to pay a perpetual
tax of thirty sols, which was levied upon
twenty-two villages and paid up to the
time of the revolution. In the Thir
teenth century, if not earlier, a similar
crime was committed between the val
leys of Baretons, in French Navarre, and
Roncal, in Spanish Navarre.
The blood tax .which the inhabitants
of the former were ordered by the pope
to discharge is paid still, the ceremony
taking place annually on July 13 in the
mountains, about 6even hours' march
from Osse, at the pass known as La
Peyre St. Martin. It is thus described
by M. Cadier:
, A GALA SCENE.
A crowd of people is to be seen mak
ing their way to the rendezvous. The
shepherds of the Baretons valley, with
their red waistcoats interspersed with
dark threads, the mayors and delegates
of the villages of Arette, Laune, Aramits
and Issor, the foresters of the mountain,
the custom house officers without their
guns, the clergy, represented by the priest
of St. Engrace and two curates, and a
few English tourists from Osse helped to
make up this singular assembly. When
we reached the narrow stone which
marks off the frontier, with the name
St. Martin inscribed upon the two sides
of it in ' French and Spanish, we found
ourselves face to face with the Spaniards,
who formed an imposing group.
First was the alcalde of Isaba, who
was to act the part of lord chief justice.
He was wearing a black robe, bordered
with red, and a large collarette by way
of bands, while he carried in his hand
the wand of justice, in the shape of a
black stick with a silver knob. The al
caldes of three or four other Spanish vil
lages were similarly attired, and they
were accompanied by a numerous suite,
made up of delegates from the general
junta of the valley of Roncal, the notary,
the veterinarian, and others, the escort
consisting of seven or eight armed car
rabineros and guards, while in the rear
were a number of "bourriqueros," who
had come in the hope of selling the skins
of wine with which their donkeys were
loaded. -
It was about 9 a.m. when the cere
monial, which has been observed without
interruption since 1375, commenced by
the French mayors donning their tri
color scarf, and by the Spanish alcaldes
advancing toward the frontier stone,
accompanied by a herald bearing a lance
on which was painted a red flame, the
symbol of justice. - x
THE CEREMONY.
The two parties having halted at a dis
tance of about twenty feet from their
respective frontiers, the herald substi
tutes for his red, flame a white one,
which is the symbol of pacific intentions,
and the alcalde of 'Isaba exclaims in
Spanish, "Do you wish for peace?" To
this the French mayors reply in the af
firmative, also speaking in Spanish, and
in order to testify to the sincerity of
their intentions, their herald lays down
his lance upon the top of the stone in the
direction of the frontier, whereupon the
Spanish herald comes and inserts his
lance into the French soil, resting the
shaft against the stone so as to form a
cross with the French lance. The mayor
of Arette then comes and lays his hand
upon the cross so f ormed, a Spanish al
calde places his right hand upon that of
the Frenchman and the other mayors
and alcaldes do the same alternately.
Last of all, the alcalde of Isaba steps
forward, and, lifting his wand of justice
over the pile of hands, pronounces the
oath, which all swear to keep. After
this oath has been taken the alcalde of
Isaba exclaims three times, "Paz
da"i-aus" (peace in the future). Peace is
thus anew concluded, and to ratify their
having given up all idea of vengeance
the men of Roncal order the escort to
discharge their guns in the direction of
France. Then comes the reception of
the blood tax, which used to consist of
three perfectly white mares, but owing
to the difficulty of getting them exactly
alike three white heifers have been, sub
stituted for them. The three heifers
presented this year, were worth about
twenty-three pounds, which is a large
sum for the district, and after the Ron
cal notary had drawn up a proces verbal,
which was signed all around, a repast was
served at the expense of the Spaniards,
toasts being proposed in honor of Spain,
France and England, the introduction of
England . being doe to the presence of
several English visitors. After the re
past was over dancing followed, and we
then said gopdby till next year.
How a riant Protects Itself.
One little plant of South Africa pro
tects itself by assuming a curious like
ness ts a whits Hchen that covers the
rocks; the plant has sharp pointed green
leaves; these are placed close together
"with their points upward, and on the
tipopf each leaf is a little white, scaly
sheath. The resemblance of the smooth
surface these present to the lichen grow
ing on the rocks, beside which it is al
ways found, is so great that it is nq&
till yon tread on it that you discover thf
deception. Fortaightlr Review.
JAM AND MARMALADE.
How the Baglish Manipulate a Profit
able Industry. .
We Americans can or hermetically
seal our fresh fruits, vegetables, . meats
and fish in tins. This is very wasteful.
The product is not concentrated
enough and involves the transportation
cf too much water. In- England '' and
Europe their plan is better. They'make
their fresh fruits into jams, marmalades
and jellies.' They "pot", their meats,
game and fish. These are concentrated
forms of the same things . as .-our
canned goods. . They extract, nearly. all
of the water, therefore do not wrap it
tip in expensive tin and the consumer
does not have to pay freisht on atma"!
the spring or buy it very cheaply of the'
city. The English people are gredf. fpiQ
jams. j.ney mane pains ot everything,
and they are very nice. These are used
in all parts of the world. It is strange''
that a little, cold, wet island that grows
very little but imports thousands of tons !
of fruit, should manufacture it into jam
and export it to all parts of the world,
Her trade in jams is enormous. Eng
land can do this because she has cheap,
sugar, labor, fuel and tin'. We now
have cheap sugar, the cheapest and best
xen rimes more tm than the rest or the
world combined, which will soon be
cheap and with ingenuity and improved
machinery we can do the work cheaper
than any place in the world. Thus we
are in a position to take England's jam
trade away from her and if we have
good business sense we will at once pro
ceed to do so.
Fruit jams are simply the pulp of the
fruit concentrated by boiling away their
juice aud replacing it with refined sugar
and 'glucose, adding spices and flavors to
suit the taste. A certain amount of glu
cose is at all times used with the cane
sugar about equal parts of each. Not
because glucose is the cheaper sweet be
cause it is not in England, but because
the jam hab a very much richer, succu
lent flavor than when cane sugar alone
is used. As a matter of fact, when glu
cose is used ths jam is more easily di
gested, wholesome and nutritious than
without it.
Jams rightly and cleanly made have a
great future before them commercially.
They carry all the peculiar properties
and flavors of cooked fresh fruits. The
consumer by adding water and heating
has at once the refreshing stewed fruit.
Nearly all fruits and berries are suitable
for jams and if rightly cooked retain
their original flavors and qualities as
well as canned fruits.
It is true that many of the English
jams are made up. The nearly neutral
pulp of the apple is the foundation gen
erally used for the body of all made np
jams. It readily takes up other fruit
flavors. Its owu is mild enough to be
covered up. Apple pulp also gives body
to thin watery fruits of high flavor like
raspberry, pineapple, orange, etc. Goose
berry pulp is also largely used. The ex
act recipes used for each standard sort
are freely published, so there is no de
ception. Great cargoes of oranges are
imported expressly for making jams and
marmalades.- The apple or gooseberry
pulp is often the most expensive ingre
dient. These are concentrated in times
of abundance and stored for fciture use.
Jam is made in large, open"ettle. It
is an intricate trade and it is surprising
what a fine article the jam factories
turn out with such crude methods. They
are crude though admirably adapted
for this purpose for this reason. Fruit
pulps or juices should be concentrated
in the vacuum" pan the same as sugar
beet juice, glucose or wine grape. This
prevents oxidization, coloration and loss
and change of flavor.
Marmalades are very "little different
from jams. They have more sugar and
juice and higher flavors.
This Coast should go into the jam busi
ness extensively. The whole world is
our market. Our own people will not
accept them at once but they will soon
learn. We have the best fruits of all
kinds. Let us by this plan ship our
fruits and keep the water to irrigate the
tree, if need be,, for another crop of
fruit for jam.
How Iron Structures lfiecomo Unsafe.
By examining a worn bur or car wheel
with an ordinary microscope it will be
I Eeen that the worn surface is coming sS
in turn flakes or scales. By applying a
microscope of very igh power, however,
it will be seen that iron is composed of a
vast number of tninute flakes held to
gether by a peculiar cement, just as very
flat and long bricks might be in a wall
by mortar. Long continued jarring
breaks up this cement to a fine powder
with no adhesiveness, and then the flakes
of iron fall apart just as a brick wall
would fall if the mortar should turn
to dry sand. But by some law not well
understood continuous motion in the
same direction destroys the cement many
times faster than irregular motions.
Thus a-regiment of soldiers keeping step
weaken an iron bridge more than so
many wild horses.
How to Put Away Batter.
Mix well together one ounce each of
saltpeter and white sugar and two ounces
of best salt, all in fine powder; give one
ounce of this mixture to each pound of
butter and thoroughly work them to
gether. The butter thus prepared is
then to be tightly pressed into clean,
glased earthenware vessels so as to have
n vacant spaces. Butter thus put np
acquires its tinppt flavor three weeks
later and preserves it for a long time.
Another method is to take fresh butter
eighteen pounds, fine salt one pound,
saltpeter one and a quarter ounces and
honey or fine brown sugar two ounces.
Work and press as above. Some fill
the vessels only to within one-half or
three-quarter inch of the top and fill
with coarse salt. , '
How to Set the Color In Lawn.
Dissolve a half pound of saltpeter in a
pailful of water and dip the lawn in it
serreral times before washing.
How to Make Honey.
Take of soft water six pounds, pure
honey three pounds, white sugar twenty
pounds, cream of tartar eighty grains
and essence of roses twenty-four drops;
mix in a brass kettle and boil five min
utes, taking special care not to let it get
smoked. It is better to have a charcoal
fire' or place the kettle on hot coals. : As
soon as the kettle is taken off add the
whites of two eggs well beaten, stirring
thoroughly. . Two more pounds of pure
honey added ; at that time will increase
the honey .flavor. A slight decoction: of
slippery elm is sometimes added while
cooling; bul in hot weather it is liable
t& f oam and rise io the surface.
How to Jke a Clath Waterproof.
Spread -it out smoothly and rub the
wronsr.- side" with a. Ininn of liaatjra-r
(perfectly pure and free froiu grease) till
the BUrface presents . a slight but per
fectly uniform white or grayish appear
ance" A cloth so prepared will , turn
watgr for several hours. -
Hon to Prepare Wax for Polishing Floors.
Take twelve and one-half pounds of
ordinary yellow wax, rasp it as fine as
possible and stir it into a hot solution
composed of six pounds of good pearlash
and rain water. Boil and stir it while
boiling as long as it froths, then take off
and stir in at once six pounds of dry yel
low ioqher.. . It may then be poured into
molds of any desired size and will hard
en on cooling. When-wanted for nse a
pound of it is dissolved in five pints of
boiling water and well stirred and
the mixture applied while warm to the
floor with a paint brush. . When cool,
wipe with a coarse woolen cloth. One
coat of this will last six months.
How to Slake ISrine for Pork.
Take brown sugar, bay salt and com
mon salt, two pounds each; saltpetre,
one-half pound, and water, one gallon.
Boil gently and remove the scum. An
other favorite" pickle is made with twelve
pounds of common salt, two pounds of
sugar or molasses, one-half pound of ni
ter and water enough to dissolve it.
How to Restore White . Flannels That
Have Turned Yellow.
Dissolve 2 pounds of white Marseilles
soap in seventy-five pounds of soft water
and add, with constant stirring, one
ounce of liquor ammonia. The flannels
are to be soaked in this fluid over night
and afterward washed thoroughly in
water. -
How to Make Artificial Coral.
. Melt together four parts of yellow
resin and one of vermilion. Dip the
twigs, stems, carvings, etc., in it and
then dry without touching. The effect
ia very pretty.
(Pimples.
The old ides of "40 years ago was that facial
eruptions were due to a "blood humor," for
which they gave potash. Thas all the old Saraa
parlUas contain potash, a most objectionable and
drastic mineral, that Instead of decreasing,
actually creates more eruptions. You have no
ticed this when taking other Sarsaparillas than
Joy's. It is however now known that the stom
ach, the blood creating power, is tho seat of all
vitiating or cleansing operations. A stomach
clogged by indigestion or constipation, vitiates
the blood, result pimples. A dean stomach and
healthful digestion purifies it ami they disappear.
Thus Joy's Vegetable SarsaparUIa is compounded
after tho modern idea to regulate tho bowels and
stimulate the, digestion. The effect is immediate
and most satisfactory. A short testimonial to
contrast tho action of tho potash Sarsaimrillas
and Joy's modern vegetable preparation. Mrs.
C. D. Stuart, of 400 Hayv.i .St., S. 1'., writes: "I
have for years l:ad indij?.!.:oii, I tried a popular
Sarsaparilia but it actuiill.' kihm.i1 more pimples
to break or.t on my face. Ilcarli. that Joy's was
a later preparation and ccte.l differently, 1 tried
Hand the pimple immediately disappeared."
VegetabSe
Sarsaparilia
Largest bottle, most efti-wive, same price.
For Sale by SNIPES & KINERSLY.
THE DALLES. OREGON',
A Revelation.
Few people know that the
bright bluish-green color of
the ordinary tea exposed la
the windows Is not the nat
ural color. Unpleasant as the
fact may be, it is nevertheless
artificial; mineral coloring
matter being used for this
purpose. The effect is two
' fold. It not only makes the
' tea a bright, shiny green, but also permits the
mse of " off-color " and worthless teas, which,
once under the green cloak, are readily
worked off as a good quality of tea.
An eminent authority writes on this sub
ject: "The manipulation of poor teas, to give
them a'flner appearance, Is carried on exten
sively. Green teas, being in this country
especially popular, are produced to meet the
demand by coloring cheaper black kinds by
elating or facing with Prussian blue, tumeric, '
gypsum, and indigo. Tide method it ao gen
eral that very little genuine unrolored green tea
is offered for Male."
, It was the knowledge of this condition of
affairs that prompted the placing of Beech's
Tea before the public It is absolutely pure
and withoHt color. Did you ever see any
genuine un colored Japan tea? Ask your
grocer to open a package of Beech's, and yon
will see It, and probably for the very first
lime. It will be found in color to be just be
tween the artificial green tea that you bar
been accustomed to and the black teas.
It draws a delightful canary color, and Is so
' fragrant that It will b a revelation to tea
drinkers. Its parity makes it also more
economical than the artificial tens, for lew
of It is required per cup. Sold only iu pound
packages bearing this trade-mark:
B1ECIM;TEA
TunrAs-fJffildhood:
Joy's
UM r
If yon grocer does not have it, ha will gel
I for yam. Price Mo pec povnd. For sals al
THl DALLES, OREGON.
Tiic Dalles
is here and lias come to stay. It hopes;
to win its way to public favor by ener
gy, industry and merit; and to this end
we ask that you give it a fair trial, a&fr
if satisfied with its course a generous:
support.
The
four pages of six columns each, will be
issued every evening', except Sunday,
and will be delivered in the city, or sent
by mail for the moderate sum of fiftj
cents a month.
Its Objects
will be to advertise the resources of the
city, and adjacent country, to assist in
developing our industries, in extending
and opening1 up new channels for our
trade, in securing an onen river, and in
, 7 1
helping; THE DALLES to take her prop
er position as the
Leading City of Eastern Oregon;
The paper, both daily and weekly, will
be independent in politics, and in its:
criticism of political matters, as in its
handling of local affairs, it will be
JUST, FAIR AND IMPARTIAL.
We will enedavor to give all the-local
news, and we ask that your criticism
of our object and course, be formed from
the contents of the paper, and not from
rash assertions of outside parties.
THE WEEKLY,
sent to any address for $1.50 per year
It will contain from four to six eight
column pages, and we shall endeavor-
to make it the equal
your Postmaster for
THE CHRONICLE PUB. CO.
Office, N. W. Cor. Washington and Second. Sis
of the best. A sir
a copy, or address.