- - - - frnt- r-rmr c!i':nY- inTn;AL. PnnTLA:;D.; SUNDAY IIOING., CCl 17, -
I:
imiiHHimHHUiinHiiiHiiHHM
hare to be held .in force along its en- j
tire lengtbVS- - V- : f ijr:,V. :
JI expoaaded JU aoetria la greater
Aeta.ll la.' am' effielal wesaeraaeam
wnics fee ntamta at. i;bi
as .comma ader-Ia-thlef the aillea
armies :'jf,--9i eaMrsrisps toward"
the west of lal natioa. eTenasuncir
warlike aad eovetoaa f the, rood tangs
fceidaging t other peoples euly reeeant
formed aee paaftea ta
regardless or au na-nia ana
eeatrary to as taw, aeex-
astery of tbe world, .
aaa oaa aarTie the
Rblae this barrier aaaat ba f ereed ea
rrr ' dx.I. D I niln, Geraaany. HeeeefertS taa Raise affl
rnner Dnusu riwuici ucwois tke weatera fraatlcr of the Cer-
aaaale people a."
Ha repeated this demand IB a, sud-
sequent memorandum. Many of : us
recall bis dramatic eruption Into the
placid arena, of the peace conference
In Mar, 1919, -still brandishing' the
tame theme. It may be aaid that Mar-,
h&nd, ; hvw much would jrrance ae- tend t statesman. ' Ho is only
mandtV On the other, how mucn wouia i a great aoHUer. rvevertneiess, nu
FRONTIER Oil RHINE
HELD IMPOSSIBLE
I LLOYD GEORGE Hi
-Pblncare" Bloc Is
Oowri. Wrong Road.
Headed
f XContinoed Froim
Pas bnl
There was 'a subconscious conflict
Mniit the Rhine throughout thft whole
AiaitMMisn. however Irrelevant the
imic under actual consideration hap
pened to be. But unrecorded memor
ies are of little use as testimony un
. I'3 corroborated by more tangible
iroof Do such proofs exist? I will
recall a few.. ; J
, 'rtCH SPOKESMAN -
"There was a party which considered
. e Rhine to be the only national tron
i tTH; of France, a strong party, with, a
' 'sCrong man as Ita spokesman, Jn many
wan the strongest In France, Marshal
lVk.V-.QUi splendid services in the
wSrve him a poeition such as no
soldier in France or in any" other coun
try could command. The soMler wno
bv his cenius leads a nation to .vie
tqfy possesses a measure of influence
; on tj public opinion of the people he
- has saved from destruction such as
no other individual can aspire to, as
xlong as his services are fresh in the
memory of his fellow countrymen.
That. I admit, is not very long.
, Gratitude is like manna, it. must be
gathered and enjoyed quickly, for its
freshness aulcluy disappears, hut ,in
- the early months of 1919, Marshal
Fech was still sitting at the banquet
table of popular fawar, enjoying the
full flavor of grateful recognition. His
- ' word, on all questions affecting the se
curity and . destiny of France was
. heard, with a deference which no other
man In Franca could succeed in secur
fngy He- had also a quality "which is
' "not usually an attribute of generalship.
; For he wa a lucid, forceful and pic
' tnresque speaker. He was. therefore.
; listened to for what he was. for what
he said, and. for the way he said it.
What did he say? He said a good deal
. on the subject of the Rhine frontier.
and-' I cannot quote it all. I will take
a few germain sentences out of his
numerous utterances on the subject.
. 3f AESHAX'S TESTMOJfT
On the 19th of April. 1919, there ap
peared in the London Times an inter
view with Marshal Foch, From that
- interview I take these salient pas
sages:' "And now, having reached the
. Rhine, we must stay there." "And
now. having reached the Thine, we
.must stay there." went on the marshal.
vry emphatically, "impress that upon
-your fellow countrymen. Its our only
"safety, their only safety. We must
have a barrier. We most double lock
- i he door. Democracies like ours which
. :',ve never aggressive muat"have strong
- ,. jwitural frontiers. Remember that
' . these seventy millions of Germans will
k always be ai menace to us. Do not
trust appearances of the moment.
Their natural characteristics have not
cnangea in lour years. - Fifty ...years
1 1 hence they will be what they are to
day." From the table at the other end
of the room Marshal Foch brought a
great map, six or eight feet square, on
which the natural features of this part
of Western Europe were marked. The
. Rhine was a thick line of blue. To the eastern frontier.
even in lzt ne overtnrew. ma moi
powerful atatesman m France wtthm
a month after his trfumpnaiit return
at the polls, with a huge supporting
majority in the French parliament.
It was Marshal Foch who, by-his an
tagonlsm was responsible for M, Cle
menceau's defeat at the presidential
election of -1920. But for Marshal
Foch's intervention M. Clemenceau
would have oen today president of the
French republic.
DEFEATS C3LEME5CEAIT ;
Why was he' beaten at the height of
his fame by. a candidate of infinitely
less prestige and power?
The wrath of Marshal Foch and his
formidable, following was excited 'all
the more against M. Clemenceau "be
cause the latter, under pressure from
the allies, had gone back on the agreed
French policy about the Rhine.
M. Tardieu, as is well known, was
one of the two, most -prominent min
isters in M. .Clemenceau' s administra
tion, and closely, associated with his
chief In the framing of the peace'
treaty. He Has written a ' book, and
In that book he gives at length a doc
ument which he handed to the allies on
March 12. 1919, containing the follow
ing proposal: .
In the general interest of peace, to
assure effective working of the con
stituent clause of the League of Na
tions, the western frontier of Germany
Is fixed at the Rhine, consequently i
Germany renounces sovereignty - over,
aa well as any customs union with, ter
ritories, of the former German empire
on the left bank of the Rhine."
TARDIETJ'8 HUMOR -
There is a sardonic humor in the
words "in the . general interest of
peace and to assure effective working
or the constituent clause of the League
of Nations." But it demonstrates that
at that date M. Clemenceau and his
ministers had become convert to the
doctrine of the Rhine as the natural
boundary line of Germany. American
and British pressure subsequently- In
duced him to abandon this position and.
as i said m my previous article, the
pact was part of the .argument ad
dressed to him. But the party of the
Rhine never forgave. Hence his fail
ure to reach the ' presidential chair. It
was an honorable failure, and will
ever do him credit. . .
The reasons for that defeat, by the
annual register 1919-1920. certainly
not a partisan authority, proves that
even" an tfhexcitable chronicler labored
under the delusion, if it be a delusion.
which possessed me when I wrote the
offending article.
Explaining the remarkable defeat.
the annual register says:
Ulemenceau's supporters contended
that the terms of the treaty of Ver
sailles were satisfactory from, the
French point of view. His ODDonenta
declared that he had given way too
much to; American and- British stand
points and that the peace was unsatis-'
factory, particularly in respect of
guarantees -for reparations" due to
France and in the matter of the French
be detached by special provision from
the economic life of - Germany, upon
which it . la almost entirely dependent
for ; its existence. , - It was not to te
allowed aasoclata-with-the father
laad. 4 TW-RhJae, whicn,4ivid4 e'w
territory froaa 'Geraaanyv was to be
occupied in Jthe. maia'byV French troops.
Territories or an inaepenaenv repuoiw
were to be occupied by foreign soldiers.
Its young men were to be conscripted
and trained with -a view to absorbing
them Into the French - and V Belgian
nnlM. to fieht against their own
countrymen on the, other sid of the
Rhine. The wnoie- eonoiuooa m.
of this free and Independent republic
m ro ne oicuiteu j m .
'Wmd France. Luxemburg and Bel
ium and in the 'words or Marana.1
FOch. "Britain would be ultimately
brought In." , . : v!
nfDEPE2TDE5CE UOCXEBT
But I 'sin told these proposals did
not mean annexation. Then what else
did thev mean? Ton do not swallow
the ovster.- You only first give It an
independent existence by detaching it
from its hard surrounaings. ion uien
surround, it on all sides and absorb it
into your own system' to equip you
with added strength to -prey on other
oysters. What an independence and
what a republic!- j. ; V.'
'It would have been. ad " was in
tended to be, a sham republic Had
the plan "been adopted it would have
been a blunder, and a crime, for which
not France alone, but the .world, would
have, paid the penalty later on.
In the face of these quotations and
of these undoubted facts, can anyone
say' that .1 calumniated France . when
I said there waa a powerful party in
that country' which claimed that the
Rhine should be treated aa a natural
barrier of Germany and that the peace
treaty should be based upon that as
sumption.
Let it be observed I never stated
that this claim had the support of
French democracy. The fact that the
treaty, which did not realize that ob
jective secured ratification by an over-
L whelming majority in the French par
liament and subsequently ny an em
phatic verdict in the country, demon-,
strated clearly that the French people
as a whole shrank with their invincible
good sense , from following even the
lead they admired on to this path of
fntimi 4ioaBtr fint tYitk mero fact
A Gift for Evetyone
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'Puzzle Peg
THE GAME OF WONDERS
A constant source of amusement
' jor everyone especially the Shut-
ins. Price ...,k............50c
wwy - j
Perfumes
and Toilet Requisites imrwrted
and domestic Also boxed sets.
that there are potent influences in
France that still press this demand
and. take advantage of every disap
pointment to urge it forward, calls for
unremitting vigilance among all people
who have the welfare of humanity at
heart. -
FRIENDSHIP FOB. FRANCE
In conclusion I should like to add
that to denounce me as an enemy, of
France because I disagree with the
international policy of Its present rul
ers Is a petulant absurdity. -
During the whole of my public ca
reer I have been a consistent advocate
of cooperation- between the French and
British v democracies.
rVtook that line when fawning on
German imperialism was fashionable
in this country. "
During the war I twice risked my
premiership in an effort to place the
British army under the supreme com
mand of a French general.
To preserve French friendship I have
epeatedly given, way to French de
mands and thus often antagonized
opinion in this country.
But I cannot go to the extent of
approving a pollcy which is endanger
ing the peace of the world, even to
please one section of a people for
whose country -1 have always enter
tained most genuine admiration. ,
west of the river the marshal had
. drawn in pencil, a concave arc repre
senting the new frontier that France
will receive under the peace treaty. It
v was clearly , an arbitrary political
adary
featurs of the, land.
THE.GEKMATT MENACE
; tXook tt that." said Marshal Foch,
''there
"it will be remembered that a large
body of French opinion had desired
that France .should secure the line of
the Rhine for her eastern, frontier." .
I can, if necessary, quote endless
leading articles in French Journals and
writings and speeches of .French 'poli
ticians. Men of such divergent tem
peraments and accomplishments as- M.
Franklin Bouillon and M. Tardieu have
. - - . . . i etno.it ii ouuuiun Haa jn. x&xxtieunave
s no natural obstacle along that I Mmi.iaiui' .v.i. ii .v.. n
frontier. Is it there that we can hold should be amnutated at th T?hln.
the Germans if they attack us again?
iQ, nere, here, here." And he tapped
the blue Rhine with his pencil. "Here
we must be ready to face our enemies
in l a is the barrier which will take
some crossing. If the Germans try to
rorce a passage over the Rhine ho.
ho but here touching tbe black pen
ciled line running northwest from
Lorraine, past Saar valley, to the Bel
gian (frontier here there is nothing.
"No. if you are wise you insist on
having your locks and wall, and we
must have our armies on the Rhine.
Some people object, that it will take
many troops to hold the Rhine. ' Not
so many as It would take to hold the
political frontier for the Rhine can be
crossed, only at certain places, where
as the new political frontier of France
o be broken anywhere and would
should be amputated at the Rhine."
POIXCABE APPROVES K '.
Later on at a reception to Marshal
Foch when he was elected a member
of the French academy, M. "Poincare;
turning at one moment in his dis
course, to the marshal, said in , refer
ence to tne veteran general's well
known attitude ' on the peace treaty:
"Ah, Monsieur le Marechal, if -only
your advice had been listened to." 4 v
; Has he also gone back on opinion
so nistnomcaiiy expressed? Let us
hope for the best. I know it will be
said that although the boundaies of
Germany were to end at the Rhine
the province on the. left bank waa not
to be annexed, but to be reconstituted
into an "independent- republic." ..
What manner of independence, and
wnat Kma ox republic? All German
officers were to be expelled. It was to
HCAR HKRHHAft K ERIN'S 1
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t