The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972, December 08, 1922, Image 6

The Oregon daily journal., December 08, 1922, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page TextMaMini? Wdtrid to Goiiisf ess fflfKME LEGISLATION ADVISED. i" TO ENFORCE: RULINGS OF PROPOSED : IIFAV LABOR PLAN: U. S. FACES TEST WMhiatton, Dec. t.il - N. S. i president Hardin t "to his messaee to congress today! On the "stat of the j Union" spoke in part as follows; . , "Members ofj thvfr: .-v ':';Vn1 i- "So many nroblcms tr caitlns for solution that al'reettal ef all "of them,: In th faca of i th known limitations of short sssslon of. congress, would mod to lack sincerity f purpose.- it te four years stnee the World war ended, but th inevitable readjustment f the social and economic rderfls not more than barely begun. There i no ac ceptance of pre-war conditions any where Mn the world.- In a- very gen eral wy, humanity harbors individual Wishes to go on with war-time ' com pensation! for production -with pre-) war requirements in expenditure: - In. abort, everyone, speakiag- . broadly, craves readjustment for '-everybody ex cept himself While there 'can be no Just and permanent adjustment except when alt participate. TEST IS SKTfiRE - , v i "The civilisation which measured, its 1 strength' of genius and the power , of i science and the resources -of Industries, la addition to testing the limits of man power and the endurance and- heroism f men and women that same civiliza tion Is brought to its severest test in restoring a tranquil order and commit ting humanity to the etatle ways of peace. . ", '1t the soberand deliberate appraisal df pre-war civilization make it seem a Worth-while Inheritance, then with liatlenee and good courage it will . be preserved. There neve again will be Precisely the old order ; indeed, I know f no one who thinks it tobe desirable. For out of the old order came the war itself, and the new order, established nd made secure, never will permit its recurrence. Iy "It Is no figure of . speech to say we have come to the test of our civiliza tion. The world has been passing Is today passing through a great crisis. The conduct of war itself is not more difficult than the solution of the prob lems which necessarily follow. 30XE PROBLEM DlSCCSSED " - "I am not speaking at this moment hf the problem in its. wider aspect of world rehabilitation or of international relationships. The -reference is to our own Social, financial and economic problem at home. These things are not to be considered solely as problems Apart from all International, relation ship, bat every nation must be able to carry on for Itself, else its. Inter national relationship vwJU have scant 'mpertaaoe. ' ,M M"S- ; "Doubtless our own-1; people - have merc-ed from the -.World war tumult tvss : Unpaired - than most . - belligerent powers ; probably w have made larger Tiroarsaa toward reconstruction. . Surely e have been fortunate in diminishing iiiMnniovTMnt and our-industrial and Mislness activities, which ate the life blood of our material existence, have restored as in no ether recon struction period Of like period in the Iristory of the world. Had we escaped rue coal and railway strike, which had uo excuse for their beginning and less justification for their, delayed settle ment, we snouia ynave aonm jouontij better. - . ; v ioiH bides waosrd - I But labor we Insistent on holding i the war heirhts. and heedless forces pf reaction sought the pre-war levels Stnd both- were wrong, la the folly of conflict oar progress was hindered and the heavy cost has not yet been fully estimated,. There can bo neither ad justment nor the penalty of the fail tire to readjust In which all do not tctnehow participate. 'V'. Uiri rsiiwav strike accentuated the Jfiffioulry of lh: American farmer. The first distress of readjustment came to the farmer, and'tt will not be a read justment fit to abide until he far re Peved. The distress brought to the farmer does not affect "him alone. Ag - tWitural illfortun is a national ifl- 0"rrrt-i.ntii- has its vicissitudes htcb, no legislatiott wtu prevent, its hardships for which no law can pro vide eseap. tOKQUSS CAK AI - v-'-feut the congress can make avail 4 able the 'financial facilities which have beea built up. under government aid uBervision for other commercial and todttstrtal enterprises, clt may be done en the same eolld fundamentals rnd make the vttauy uaportani m Sjltural industry more secure, and it must be dona. - ,.-"ntm ion rrKM aJreadv has tafcen Uixkm af the misfortunea which '- veoipitat defiettw brought o Amer ftan agriculture, tm very prwi belpfulness) already given is the strong-c-sl argument for the permanent estab widened credits, bereto- ' lore temporarily extended through the . rt rrrof ation. : w-rb farm loan r bureau, which V- ready has proved ita usefulness through tla federal land banks, may well have us powers enlarged to provide ample farm production credits as well as en - zz!ZjT i.d eredla.- It Is entirely " . -Afw.i to create a - division in the . federal land banks to deal "With pro ' with the limitations of i rae so adjusted to tha farm turnover i- the federal reserve for the turnover in the manufacturing " r id mercantue worm. . ,. i- ITSSTOCK CKEDITS w - "Special prevision must be made for ivwtbck production credit, and the limit of Und loans ma be safely ett ; . , ,- ...vrinuB measures ae pending -before yon and the beet .Judgment of - Ingres ought to be ekpressed in a ; prenenactment at the present see- t atrlcultur need . more than credit f aciUtiea. The credits will help to solve the presslngr pj-ob-te-n growing out of war-inflated land -: values and , the drastic - deflation of three years ago but permanent and . ij served agricultural good fortune de . tvands on better and - cheaper;" irans- v. rtation. i ' -' "I know of no problem exceeding In ; Importance this one of transportation. ltiouT complex : and. Interdependent Ktodern fife, rrahsportation is essen T- tiiJ te our -vary existence ? W have. buUt per cent of the wswv sslsv . VsF uSl a - uu. world's railroad mileage, and yet It inadequate to our present require ments. When we cen template the In adequacy of today, it teJeasy to be lieve that the next few decades will witness the paralysis of our transpor tation-using social scheme or a com plete reorganization on some new. bas is. Mindful of the tremendous -costs ol betterments, extensions, land -expan sions, ,and mindful of the staggering! debt? of the world today, the ditncuity is magnified. " "Here is a problem demanding wide vision and the avoidance of mere makeshifts. .No. matter what the er rors of the past, no matter how we acclaimed construction and then con demned Operations in . the past, we have the transportation and the hon est investment In the transportation which sped us on to what we are, and we face condition which reflect ita Inadequacy today, Its greater, inade quacy: tomorrow and we contemplate transportation cost which much of the traffic cannot and will not con tinue to pay. - COOB.DISATIOX URGED t "Manifestly, we have need to begin on plans to coordinate all transporta tion facilities, we should more effect ively connect up our rail lines with our carriers by sea. We ought to reap some benefit from the hundred of mil lions expended on International water ways, proving capacity' to realise as wen as spend. We" ought to turri the motor truck Into a railway feeder, in stead of a destroying competitor. The motor car reflects our stand ard Of living and gauges the speed of our present day life. With full recog nition of motor oar transportation we must turn It to the most practical use. It cannot supersede the railway lines, no matter how generously we Afford it highways out of the: public treasury If freight traffic by motor were charged with its proper and proportion ate share of highway construction, we should find much of it wasteful and more costly than like service by rail. ROADS PARALLELED "Tet we have paralleled the railways and thereby taken 'away from the agency of expected service much of Its profitable traffic, which the taxpayers have been providing the highways. whose cost of maintenance is not yet realized. - "The federal government has a right to inquire into the wisdom of this policy, because the national treasury I contributing largely to' this highway construction. Costly highways ought to be made to serve as feeders rather than competitor of the railroad, and Lthe motor truck should become a co ordinate factor in our great distribut ing system. , v t . ; This transportation problem cannot be waved aside. The demand for low ered costs on farm: products and basic materials can not be ignored. Rate horizontally increased td meet " : in creased wage outlays during the war inflation, are not easily reduoed. When some very moderate wage - reduction were effected last summer, there. was a 5 per cent horizontal reduction in rates. "Railways are not to be expected t6 render the most essential service in our social organisation without a fair re turn on its capital invested, but the government na gone so tar in tne reg ulation of rates , and rules of opera tion that it has the responsibility of pointing the way to the reduced freight costs so essential ' to our na tional welfare. V. 8. OPERATION TAXLVmZ" "Government operation does not af ford the cure. It was -government op eration which, brought us to the very order of things against which We now rebel, and we are still liquidating the costs of that supreme folly. New economies, new efficiencies in cooperation must be found. The fact that labor takes 50 to Q per cent of total ' railway - earnings makes limita tions within -which , to effect econo mies -very difficult, but the demand 1 no less insistent on that account. "Clearly the manager are without that inter-carrier, cooperative relation. ship so highly' essential to the best and roost economical operation. The relationship . of the service to 4 pub lic welfare demands the effective co re! ation and a concerted drive to meet an insistent and justified public demand. - - . The merger of line into systems, facilitated interchange of freight cars, the economical use of freight terminals, are suggested, ways of econ omy: and efficiency. POOLKCG OF CARS -.V- Presldent rlardlng also recommended the pooling 'of freight cars and the establishment of an. agency in buying equipment. .- . . , "In a previous -Address to, the con gress," he continued. "I called to your attention " the insufficiency of power to enforce-9 the decisions of : the. rail way labor board ; the carriers have ignored it decision on the on hand, workmen have challenged its decision by a strike on the- other hand. The Intent of congress to establish a tribunal to which railway labor and manager may appeal respecting ques tions of wages and working conditions cannot be too strongly commended. It Is vitally Important that some such agency' should be- a guaranty against suspended operation. The public must be spared even the threat of discon tinued set-Vice. " , t "Sponsoring the railroads, a we do. it is an obligation that labor shall be assured the ; highest' Justice and every proper consideration of Wage and working conditions, but it is equal obligation to see that no concerted ac tion in- forcing demands shall deprive the public of the transportation serv ice esuentiai to' its -very existence.- It is now impossible to safeguard publio interest, because - the . decree ef the board are. unenforceable against either employer or employe. - ,, PARTISANSHIP- HASMCAF . "The labor' boardvUself lnt so-eon- stituted 'as best, to serve- the public interest. 4. With six partisan aoembera on a board of nine, three-.partisans nominated, by. the employe, and three by the railway managers. It Is Inevi table that the partisan, viewpoint - J maintained throughout bearing and in decisions banded down. - Only - the public group ef three is free te func tion in unbiased decisions. Therefore, the partisan membership may well be abolished.' and decisions ; should be mad by an impartial tribunal. . "I am well convinced that the func tion of this tribunal could be much better carried on her in Washington. Kven were it to be continued as a sep arate x tribunal, through contact with the interstate commerce comralssiv-n, which- has supreme authority in the ratem siting, t which wage cost bear an' indissoluble' relationship. . Theoret ically, a fair and living- wage must be determined jquit apart from the , em ployer earning capacity, but In prac tice in the railway service- they are in separable. The record of advanced rates t meet-' Increased" ..wages, both determined iy.4he government, is proof .enough. . ; -. w , z '.(. - , iABOR.'. 8tTBSTITtTTl05r ' The 'substitution of a labor division In he f interstate commerce commis sion, .made up from "its .membership. to hear and decide disputes relating to wage and working condition which have 'failed of adjustment by -proper committees created by th, railways and -their employes offers a more ef fective plan. .,'" ' ' 'It need not be surprising that there la dissatisfaction over . delayed hear ings and decisions by 1 the ' present board, - when every trivial dispute is carried to' .- that tribusaL The . law should require the railroad and their employe to institute means and meth od to , negotiate between themselves their constantly arising differences, limiting appeal to the govern meat tri bunal to. disputes of such character as are likely to affect the. public welfare. "This suggested substitute will in volve a necessary increase in the. mem bership of the commission, probably four to constitute the. labor division. If the suggestion appeals to the con gress, it will be well to specify that the labor division will be constituted of rep resentative of . the , four rate-making territories, thereby assuring the .tribu nal conversant with the conditions which obtain in the different rate-mak ing sections of the country. v , "I wish I could brinar to vou the tire. cie recommendation for the prevention of strikes which threaten the welfare Of the people and' menace public safety. It 1 an impotent civilisation and an In adequate government which lacks the genius -.and , the courage ' to guard against such -menace to public- wel fare a we experienced last summer. COKFEJACCTFTAXCE.. ; '"Public toterertdeniano ample power shall be. conferred, opon the labc tribunal, .whether -it its the present- board, or -the suggested,, substi tute, to require ita ruling to be accept ed by both, parties to a disputed, ques tion. - ,:".. ' ;-.? ?:::: ; "Let there be no confusion about, the purpose -f the ' suggested conferment of power: to make claions effective. There , can be no denial of . constitu tional rights of either railway workmen or railway managers, Mo man can be denied, hi right to labor when and how he chooses, or cease to labor when he so elects, but since the government assumes to safeguard hi - interests, while employed in an essential public service, the security of society . itself demands his retirement from the serv ice shall not be So timed and related a to effect the destruction . of that service- This vitally essential public transportation service ought to fur nish the most attractive working con ditions and the highest of wages paid to workmerf in any employment. ENFORCEMENT 3JECES8ART "In essentially every branch, the railroad worker is responsible for the safety of human live and the care of vast property. ; His responsibility- might well rate high his jay within the limits the traffic will bear ; but the same responsibility, plus government al protection,- may Justly deny him and hi associates a withdrawal from service . without a warning, or under circumstances which involve the. pa ralysis of necessary transportation. W nave assumed jo; great; si re spenaibllity tat necessary regulation that w unconsciously have' assumed the responsibility for maintained aerv le. therefore the lawful power for the enforcement of decisions is necessary to sustain the majesty of government and to administer to the. public welfare.".- c - - - v' . .President vHarding-- said the 'new tariff act would be;admraistered, with a "broad " mindfulness : of -, the' whole blnlneaa-sltuation.7! vand then said: "Mo one contemplate commercial aloofness nor any other aloofness con tradictory to the best American, tradi tions,' or loftiest, human purposes. Our fortunate capacity ' for self-containment affords the firm foundation on which to bnild for j our own security and- a - like -foundation on which to build for a futuref of Influence and importance , ii world commerce. . Our trade expansion must come of capacity and of , policies of righteousness and reasonableness in all . our eommerciaj relation.: yyiv- . '. -.v sj.-y.:- 'y wobid oBueATioars ;iSfi-' ? "let : no one-: assume that our ; pro viaion for maintained good fortune at home, and our unwillingness to assume r the correction ef all the Us of the world, means a reluctance to cooperate with other people Or-to assume every Jut obligation to promote human ad vancement anywhere in the world. " War made us a creditor nation. We did not seek an . excess possession of theJvorld's gold and we have neither desire to profit unduly by its posses sion nor permanently retain it. - We do not seek.to become an International dictator because of such power. . "The voice of the United State has a respectful "hearing in -international councils, because we- have convinced the world that we have no. selfish ends to serve, ho old grievances to avenge. so territorial or other greed to satisfy. -But the -vote being heard is -that of I good counsel, not of dictation Mt I a voice of sympathy and fraternity and helpfulness, seeking, to assist but not assume for the United States, burdens which nations must" bear for them selves. .. . We would rejoice to help re habilitate currency systems and facili tate all commerce which does not drag us to the very levels of those . seek to lift up. j . . HOME ISSUES lOOX - " "While I" have everlasting faith in our republic. It would be folly. Indeed, to blind ourselves to our problems at home. Abusing-the hospitality-of . our shores are the advocate of revolution, finding their- deluded ' followers among those "Wht take -on the nabiliment ef an American - without - knowing an American souL There is the recrudes cence ' of hyphenated Americanism which we : thought to have been stamped out . when we committed the nation. life and soul, to the World war. "There is a call to make the alien re spect our institution while he accept our hospitality. -There is need to mag nify the American viewpoint 'to the alien who seeks citisenehip among ua There is need to magnify the national viewpoint to American throughout the land. More, there is a demand for every living being tn the Unitef State to respect ana aniae Dy tne taws ox tne republic: Let men who are rending the moral fiber of the republic through easy contempt for the prohibition law, be cause they think It restrict their per sonal liberty, remember tnsx they set the example and breed a contempt for war which will ultimately destroy the republic.---.--;' ". - ; . - : "Constitutional prohibitiosr' has been adopted by the nation. 'It is the su preme law of the land. In plain speak- -TIiat Harding Recommends v ' (Concluded tm Par Twwity, Coliuaa Plval 'Washington jbec 8. tf.P.) The reeommendAtlons of Presl- ' dent Harding in his message to -congress which, fbrm one of the- - most comnrehenaf-vM nrorressive brorrama evrf nnrimltte. ,v an v. ecutivo. include; . .; '. .J.l Sr'i'- s ; ; Abolition, of the 'railroad labor board 'and substitution of la Wbor ' , division of the interstate commerce eommission; with power to en- -force its decisions against both carriers and employes. If thatr pro " posal is not appreved,'the board should be reorganised by . removing; il but-'. the 5 publio representatives and the headquarters -of the tribunal moved to Washlnston.' 5 - . - .i. Step must bo. 'taken to prevent strikes that, threaten the publio welfare. : -s ;-: ;; V.' ' ; - , ? ,Announcment that a conference of 'governors would be called . here to discuss prohibition enforcement. The president emphatic-' ally declared for a strict enforcement of the prohibition law. , l- j Greater credit faculties for agriculture and livestock interests. Pooling of freight cars under a central agency. ' The merger of railroad lines into systems for the purpose of ; economy and Interchange of equipment. , 1 Adoption of a constitutional amendment to abolish child labor. Adoption of a constitutional amendment to, restrict the issuance- Ot tax-exempt securities by states and the federal government. :v - Registration of immigrant aliens and establlsh-ment of Immigra- . , tion boards abroad to bar undesirables. ' Bxtension of reclamation and irrigation work. ' . . ,' " Conservation of forests. ' -, - ; "'Attention to the wide difference between the cost of production and tho price paid by the ultimate consumer. . - t Approval of a proposal for the survey of a plan to draft all re- sources of the country, human and material, for national defense, i - -Attention to the super-power-1 survey of the Eastern industrial region looking to unification of steam, water and electric powers.; v O TJ: 9 The city courkil refused us a license to sell at AUCTION. Nothing: can prevent, us from offering real honest-to-goodness merchandise at prices heretofore almost unheard of and we are going on with the sale Until one of Portland's finest jewelry stocks has been turned into cash. Not one item in this up-to-date store has been reserved. EVERYTHING must be sold as quickly as possible. . The crowds are increasing daily. There must be a reason. There IS a reason and a very; tTood one 44 OUR PRICES TELL THE STORY. , We have added to our salesf orce to be able to give prom"pt service. : All our salespeople are thoroughly experienced.- Let them assist you in the selec tion of Christmas gifts. No better time to buy than TODAY I Come and' get your share of the hundreds of genuine tBAKlxAlNbl - I. ImlposjiMe to List AlAe . Items Heire Are .a Few Novelty Earrings : t ,.f. -V- 'iV . Art tod Pairs of v Novelty Earrings at this , price.' Many are less than half regular. A Salt and Peppers- Glass Salt and 'Pepper Shakers with ham mered tops. ,,A real snap at, 29c -air. Lingerie Clacps 23c Here is a real opportunity. Sheffield "sil ver lingerie clasps rat 23c pair. Nuf ced. Bread Trays $2.95 Brand New Sheffield Bread Trays with handles. Without handles $2.35 v L2i :i ."Wrist Watches 'Always fan appropriate gift for a woman. A wide variety of shapes, in the best makes watches that are thoroughly reliable priced to fit the average pocketbook. . . $25.00 Wrist Watches, 15 jew- c AO els, 14-karat solid white. gold DXSe70 $30.00 octagon and cushion shape' Wrist Watches, 15 jewels, rl4-karatQiK QK solid white gold ..V;..i OM.DVp $45.00-550.00 rectangular Wrist Watches, '15 and 17 jewels, 14 and 18 CQK OK karat white gold- .;.v. dOvvO Sparkling Dii on ivicn. onar This is your opportunity to purchase a diamond that he or she desires at a dras tic reduction. A large assortment of beautiful blue-white diamonds full of fire,, luster and brilliancy. Set in the newest 18-karat white gold basket mountings -platinum for those who desire IargerTstones than those quoted below. - 115.00 Women's Diamond Ring, -2 stones with blue . sapphire in center, . fancy 18-karat white gold mounting CTO ft A . iJ S aetV $225.00 Women's Diamond Ring, newest ; 18-karat Belais white gold basket mounting, set with $140.00 Women's Diamond -Dinner Ring, fancy white gold filigree mounting, 7 stones QCpJ fjQ ."S118 . , . . . ..... , $175.00 Women's Diamond Ring, an excellent value only HUNDREDS OF QtHEft;DIAIONDSREDUCED IN PROPORTION for $350.00 Man's Ring, blue white dia mond, weights 65-100 Jtarat, carved gypsy . CO 47 Rfl - mounting for , . .v tDft I 0 V $75.00 Diamond and Blue- Sapphire fs::. $49.50 f Mixntel Clocks : Beautiful eight-day mantel docks in mahogany and mahogany finish with silvered and porcelain . beveled dials. New designs. Best American move men ts. j Guaranteed. V fc -A Special U1 " .: &n rjk $22J0 values :m: .' .ViJi .i -$1 lZS $320 values . i i .'4 S 1 SJ2S 540.00 values ....;...;.....,.. .$20.00 410 Alarm Clock ...... : g3c All Gut Glass , Vz Price Take y our choice of any of oar cut gla libbey's. Hunt's and other famous makes, and " pay exactly one-half , whatever the article sells for regularly. Bowlaj Inip pies, water sets, vases, baskets, etc. .- f- Rings !: Rings! Women's 'rings, men's rings, rings for the Is; fraternity nngi boys and girl gold and act stones. $ 5.00 values $10.00 values $25.00 values with synthetic or 11 solid genuine ...i..f2.50 ...... fS.OO .... f 12.00 Men's Watches: ELGIN Thin' Model Watch, 12 O QQ size, gold fined case OxfVO ELGIN Watch gold dfal' 20 Ot fi QK year engraved case..;.:..... ..wXUeeyeJ ELGIN 17 jewel "thin model "Streamline" Wa&h, 20 year gold filled 27 95 ILLINOIS 17 jewel adjusted Watch, new cushion shape, 25 year green 2Q Crt and white gtld case........ wOUstlU - HOWARD 17 jewel adjusted thin model Watch,' 25 year green 'gold case QAQ Oft with dial to match DUtJ HAMILTON 17 jewel adjusted watch, 25 year gold filled case with dial QET to match Ou3VU Mm $35.00'Five-piece gO Q Cf Tea Set for.. . . MOeO V $320 Coffee Set QO" Ef With tray ...... 5XOU $35.00 Wen and Mfl QQ Tree Platter... OX770 $90 Hammered Sugar & Creamer S6.85 Greatly Reduced S898 S3.75 $4.49 26 Tudor Plate (Oneida Com munity, made) - S9.98 2o Piece sets of ; Rogers' Silverware- . -,. $15.00 Covered Vegetable. Dish.. $7.50 Pierced Fruit Bowl Set of 6 Rogers ; Knives and Forks' -Bet -of - Rogers -'- ' QQn Teaspoans L OJ C o : 7 : r Open Evenings Until :Xmas 343 Washincton St. ' " (Imitation) The famous La Tausca, Baroda, Lou vaine and other well known makes of pearl necklaces are reduced as fol- lftwfl r - - -'. ' y l?Vr' , 4 y :,; $ 5.00 values . . . $2.S3' $10.00 values i'..i... $4,rS $20.00 values :.......r.5lO.C5 $35.0 0 values .V-. r .... 5 1 C. 1 S.