II
tiic cn-Go:; Sunday- jgltinal, p c nx l a r d "" ui day ::c;::a:;G, pczr::::::: c.
A.
. . . .
(M LI I V ,.
. PEOPLE'S GIFTS
1 Rich and Poor Alike Contribute
Rare Pieces to 0 e c o rtae
New. Structure.
NEW- MEMBERS ELECTED. TO 'THE UNITED STATES SENATE LAST MONTH
s
i
I n ntrta K. Uoderw.il
5 (KnanUI CorranxMidne of Th JtKXi-nal ud
? " - tbe China Pail? !' ravia Sarnca.)
Stockholm. Sweden. Tc - Every
morning a ' fruldo' conduct 4 a curious
1 crowd of ; visitors through Stockholm's
1 new town ball, which to -to be finlabed
1 at a. cost of 1400.000 and opened with
much ceremony next June at the time
, of - tna Gothenbartr exposition, .are
these visitors ordinary tourists? Not
at all, They are a little of every
clasa of Stockholmers workmen's
wives," ladies of leisure, students and
' artists, and a dash of aristocrats.
Each of them has a personal Interest
. in the magnificent building;, for it is in
'a peculiar way the work of each. One
of the visitors has come to see ths bust
.of her uncle the stone mason, which
Stands in the main corridor to com
memorate the fact that he was the
best man of his craft who worked oa
the building. Another has come to
study the clocks or chairs of purest
Swedish, style which were presented by
an- association of doc km Iters or
"cabinetmakers. Another has come to
see the mural paintings of his friend.
Prince Eugene, brother of the king. - j
A part of the copper roof was pre
sented, plats by plate, by several thou
sand citizens of Stockholm and the
name of each donor Is engraved on his
piste. Each of the various sections of
the tassellated pavement lh the recep
tion hall was composed after his own
fancy by the workman assigned to it.
To Banquet nail is due to tne munifi
cence-of the Wallenberg family' of
bankers and many another individual
has made his generous contribution. -' ,
ARTISTS CONTRIBUTE BEST
The building- is a veritable exposition
hall of the rich and varied Swedish
- handicrafts. There one may see fur"
niture, draperies, wood carvings, arid
office utensils designed from motifs
. invented perhaps centuries ago by
Swedish -peasants, and executed by
nameless workmen who did their best;
to add - their bit to the beauty and
honor of Stockholm. The best Swedish
artists contributed statues; reliefs and
, paintings. G. Sandburg did the Bplen-
did gold figures surmounting the roof.
His brother, A. Sandburg, created some j
of the eemlarchalc statues In the court.
Tne painters. Acke, Tome man. Eldh
and. Waller t and Prince Eugene deco-
rated the walls, each In his personal!
style. Most of the furniture was de-
signed Dy Aiaimsten ana spoien. And I n i - r-yi . r
Individual designers, have evidently I rvcpuuiKaa s. muuiui.
worked in the building with many A -J CkC Q..U.:J.,
various inspirations. - , u juwoiuy
Yet the genius of the chief architect. I TWTASHIJTGTON. Dec 2.' fWASB
r? Jr , , ' comoinea uu INGTON BUREAU OF THE
rich, diversity into a wonderfully simple Totttmat t ,
ana oowerrui unit, or a. mtvia th.t i. , . .... wii w uiuo
one established style, yet somehow an I 6h,D subsidy a party Issue to hold Re-
iruiy moaern style, publicans In line. th lmnln. I.
f - V..: ' -.
i "
A - .
' ( - . !
o
1
1
iulk .
Jjeft to right W. F. George of Georgia, who succeedei tho 1 to Senator Watsonj Tbomas F. Bayard of Telaware, euooessor to Senator ; Du IPotiti S. T.BiyIcidwrt of lowa, wbo will
occupy Senator Kenyon's esat in tne 'upper bouse. : , ;
The National Oitai
Ship Subsidy Issue Unpopular . With Many Republicans
Senate Upsets Precedent Established ui McNary sCase
-Mayfield's Oection May Create BrawK
i
The exterior, of brick. Is dominated bv
Its lofty tower ; surmounted by an ex-
Quisita cupola of bronse. The Interior
ts paneled with unvarnished Swedish
pine, which will grow dark and mel
tow with the years. .
BITS OF HUMOR AITD SATIRE
tt Is not easy to describe the gracious
peauty ox uus masterpiece of the mod
trn northmen. But everyone can en
Joy the- humor which, praise Heaven.
has come Into this building, as it has
corns- into much modern architecture.
for ; the first time since the middle
agea. , , At tne portal one; sees two
bronse relief maps of Stockholm, 1 In
the. sixteenth century and now. as a
child might have drawn them., with
knights trotting up on horseback and
airplanes fluttering over tha .canals.
Passing up to the banquet hall, after
many a friendly animal has grinned at
you from the capitals, you come upon a
mosaic; of Mercury, god: of trickery.
teaching a solemn merchant the art of
swindling-. In the corridor a carved
arraorie shows you in satirical figures
the tour chief political parties of Swe
den Conservative, Liberal. Socialist
and Communist A ship or a lion
adorns the door knobs; the keys rep
resent me inree crowns, emblem of the
cityr i - I
y iwiueorau ox uie miaale ages
war built as the Stockholm town hall
often given out that it has Been In
dorsed by the party. Reference to the j
Republican national platform of 1920
shows that the - platform contained
nouiing mat coma tie construed as an
Indorsement of a subsidy oolicv. and
the tenor of the merchant marine plank
is seemingly the other war. for It
speaks of a merchant marine "operated
by private energy without any sug
gestion of treasury aid. ;
The platform did make two oiedcres
with respect to the merchant marine.
ana neither has been kept. This Is
the first one:.
We favor th innllmHnn n
'workmen's compensation acts' to the
merchant marine."
Nothing has been done about that.
The second - pledge was : -
i "We recommend that all ships 'en
gaged In coastwise trade and all ves
sels of the American merchant marine
shall pass through the Panama canal
without premium or tolls."
Toward fulfilling this, only a gesture
as made. Senator Borah, early In
the life of the new administration, pre
sented a resolution to exempt Ameri
can vessels in the coastwise trade from
Panama tolls, but containing no pro
vision to cover the second part of the
platform pledge to exempt "all ves-
in all its parts, would uphold the flag
on the seas. - - ?
During the presidential campaign Mr.
Harding did not advocate ship sub-'
sidy. About all he said In a specific
way was In criticism of .President Wit
son for not having given notice under
the Jones act to foreign nations of the
abrogation of treaties which were . In
conflict with the discriminating provi
sions of that act. Soon after he as
sumed oflfce, however. It was announc
ed that President Harding would fol
low the same oolicv thatc Wilson our
Sued, and-that he would not give thf
notice directed to be . given, under th-
jones acu . - ' . - -.- v
The only other plank of the Republic
can platform dealing with the shipplnfH
problem, not before quoted. . is given
below:'' '".V
The national defense and our foreign
Mnimi reavtra a merchant marina
of the best type oi modern ship flying
the ' American flag - and manned , By
American seamen; owned by private
capital and operated r by private , en-
erev. ' - , -: - --'.'
If the party had intended to commit
Itself to subsidy this, would have been
an appropriate place to have added,'
'.'and supoprted by financial aid from
the government treasury." Since it conf
talned no such language. Republicans
o posed to subsidy say . they ; cannot be
charged with failure to support Repub
lican doctrine. 1 .
is being built the whole community I aels" of the American merchant ma-
'and everybody In it contributing the
best he had to give to the common
treasure nouse. And the community
uu uwenn priae in its work, like
: the r pride which every Stockholmer
feels over this new building. The
.Stockholmer Is a thousand t!m
rlna The Borah resolution passed the
senate, went to a committee pigeon
hole in the house, and has been there
ever since.
Another plank of the Republican
platform indorsed the ."sound legisla
tion recently enacted by. the - Repub-
rhr!..h.V..h"1?edcref?..n ? I llcan congress that will Insure the pro-
h- m i motion and maintenance of the Amerl-
to the Jones act," which was apparently
regarded at that time as sufficient for
the purpose, without a. subsidy. Indeed.
Chairman Lasher of the, United: States
shipping board, in testimony before a
committee of congress, said that he pe
lieved that the Jones act, if carried out
of EuroDe Do
Not Emigrate for
FinancialEeasons
Precedent in McNary - .' ';
Case Is Violated , - -A
WTASHTNOTON. Dec X. (WASH
VV-INGTON" B0REATJy OF THE
JOURNAL.) Senator Charles I Mo-
Narys case was One of the precedents
violated when the senate overiooKeo
the rullnrs of the past-to enable Mrs
William H-'Feltotfcof Georgia to sit for
a nay - as tne iirst represeniauve oi
the women of -America ; to occupy
place. In Its membership. y '-
j McNary. it wiirhe recalled. -was'ap-potn
ted senator from Oregon to fill' the
vacancy caused by the Heath -of Harry
Lane. At the succeeding election it be
came necessary .to .elect 4 senator, for
tha short term, , to - fili 1 the Laps va
cancy, and for the long term . begin
ning March 4. 1919. : tJnder a provision
of Oregon ' law no candidate's . name
may be printed on 'the ballet more
suggested was Invalid as . relating to
the office of - United States senator,
but to avoid confusion and a .lawsuit,
McNary i became a candidate tor the
long ' term only.: and : Frederick W.
Mulkey was elected tor the short term
under . a. pledge that he would resign
so that McNary might be reappointed
as soon; as the formalities could be
completed.
The program was followed, and
from election day, conceding that un
der the precedents of the senate he
no longer was entitled to serve, Mc
Nary absented himself from the sen-
ate.- After the vote had .been can
vassed, Mulkey received his credentials,
came "on to Washington was sworn
inr and after, a few davs reslsned.
McNary was "Igaln appointed and re
sumed his seat as soon as his new
credentials arrived. '
This was only one of several, prece
dents reversed by. the senate to make
room for Mrs. Felton. A direct ruling
was made in the case of Senator Chris
tie; Benet of South Carolina, another
senator appointed to fill a vacancy,
who was required to- quit the senate
when election day passed and his suc
cessor elected, although the senate
did not know offlcialaly for some time
afterward as to who had been chosen
in his place.'
The senate makes Its precedents .as
it goes, and will no' doubt reverse Itself
again if some special reason arises for
doing so, as in the case of Mrs. Felton.
One . consequence of the action in her
case was to keep Charles A. Rawson
in the senate for several days, al
though his successor. Smith W.
Brookhart, had been elected senator
from laws' in succession to Kenyoh,
and under the McNary and Benet pre
cedents he had no title after election
day. .
injunction against the printing of May
field's name on the ballot" lasting until
the ' day before election, - when the su
preme court of the state ruled that hie
name should go on. u It was then too
late for it to appear except In a few
counQes, but his name was written in
and he-won by a large majority. -
In this Texas litigation, it was al
leged that Mayfield had spent, or had
permitted to be spent with his consent,
something like $40,000, which : Is con
siderably In excess of the amount; al
lowed under state law. While the mat
ter has been mulled over in the in
junction suits, the weight of these
charges has not been appraised to any
extent in Washington. His friends in
timate that they were trumped-up by
persons whose' real interest ts In beat
ing a candidate who had the support
of the klan. . -
Mayfield was also charged with be
ing a member of the klan. He took the
stand ln the case and testified that
he was not a member of the klan, but
had been, and dropped out several
months before. . His friends do not
deny i that he. was supported by the
klansmen, which ; could not well 1 be
questioned, sine the ' oppoeing candi
date was denouncing the klan. r.
The' Washington Post, which . is
known as the court . organ", i of the
administration, edited by El B. Mc
Lean, one of the - president's dose
friends, ', comes out with scare heads
and double column ."specials" dealing
with the Man 'situation in Xoulsiana.
On an inside page appears another
article, .with these headlines : r'
"Democrats . Oppose Seating " May
field Iope to Avoid Raising Ku-Klux
Issue by Keeping Texan Out of the
Senate rear Kliect on 19Z w Rao
Excessive ' Campaign ' - Expenditures
Seen as Possible Loophole for Reject
ing Klansman. V-.-i-i..
: When : the Post : expends ink -and
makes a spread of specials" in such
elaborate fashion, the political wise
acres surmise that something is in the
wind. ' While the Post attributes the
anti-Mayfield move to ,Temocrats who
General Hoffman4
Says Germany May
- Adopt Bolshevism
' By George Wittes -
(Spedal Cable to The Joaraal sad tits Chicago
UaUy Mws f
' : (Oaprrisnt. 123.) "
Bar On. Dec S. General Max Hoff
man who, according , to the latest au
thentic accounts, won the - battle of
Tannenberg in 'East Prussia in 1914,
although Hindenburg received the cre
dit, is very pessimistic - as to Europe's
future. General Hoffman was respon
sible for the Brest-Litovsk treaty and
also for the admission .of Lenin, Trot
sky and other radical leader to revolu
tionary Russia in-mt. . He therefore
feels all the more keenly the blow
which Bolshevism dealt to German
plana during tha war and the conse
quences of that blow. - ;'.',-..:
There Is no doubt in tny mind,7 says
General Hoffman, "that if present con
ditions continue, Germany will be the
next country to go over to bolshevtsm.
The masses in Germany thus far have
refused to give bolsbevlsm a fair try
out because they feared that the soviet
system, : if Introduced into : Germany.
wolud be accompanied by a great deal
of bloodshed and starvation, as was the
case in Russia in the first years, c But
now that conditions here have become
so distressing that average people be
lieve that they could not possibly grow
worse under a red regime, the danger
is always present that a radical out
break will be successful. ,-. ; . -
"If Germany should fall under a bol-
shevist regime tho masses in France,
Great Britain : and ' other countries
might be eager to follow suit. tThe al
lies in order to save themselves would
have to adopt drastic : military meas
ures - toward Germany -, to warn on
revolution in their own countries. As I
see it, Germany: would have to be oc
cunied bv the allied troops but the
question is how long the troops would
bo able to remain next aoor to ooisnev
ism without being contaminated. Un
less Russia remains isolated and falls
to arrow prosperous bolshevlsm wlU
spread."
Loses Coat Playing
Sir. Walter Raleigli
r n Tnfaratinn&l Na SerTio. V
. Hammonton. N. J, Dec The
Sir "Walter: Raleigh la essayed by
a young Philadelphlan here during a
religious celebrstion I has blasted his
ideas of chivalry. He loaned his coat
to a young woman Injured by- the ex
plosion of some flreworka. , ' Now the
coat Is missing, together with some
money and a railroad ticket home, j He
has- asked tha committee In charge to
make it good. The matter Is now be
fore. the town council, ;; -a s ; l 7 ; 1
want to -"scotch tha klan' issue." it Is
suspected I that certain . administration
leaders are tho ones who actually have
their talents turned in that direction.
. By exploiting the .Mayfield matter,
according to this theory, an impression
may be created that the .klan is taking
possession of the Democratic party . in
the South, and thus stir up. animosity
and dissension . in . that party, in the
i North and West, even though nothing
can be made out of the charge of ille
gal expenditures. It is figured as the
best bet in sight , for causing Demo-
cratio trouble.
WW3NI OIL. :
PRO'DUCi;! IS :
below mm
.: :.).: .. .. i :l .... : '-i- X " l i
Government Restrictions Prove
Obstacle in Development of.
Great Resource. " f
" -. By A. R. Becker
( Special:, CerrMpondMica of Tb'9ovreal aa4
Uu yUmo XfeS Ns Tarign Scrrie). "
Bukharest. Roumania, ec. it- Rou
manian one of the world's most im
portant sources of oil, is producing only
half the amount produced in pre-war .
days.- In ..1911 tha average production
was about. 90.000 tons per month ; In
192i ; the average was about lio.owi
tons. During the past few months the
average hss tended to decrease, De- ;
spite all efforts by the producing com
panies, it has been impossible to in
crease production to a potnt where it .
could compare favorably with that of
pre-war day.' -tr-i'Jt '.
Naturally the low on output, nas Deen
serious for Roumania' and the govern
ment hss interested itself in this source
of wealth. It seems to bo tho general
opinion however,, that the govern
ment's interference has been one o tne .
reasons why traduction is so low. In- .
deed, the oil' industry is hampered by
restrictions which almost turn It into a
state monopoly, and , uncertainty . re
garding the governments future atti
tude prevents new capital from being
Invested. -
Export licenses are required, but
have beea granted to only a limited
extent On the present basis 60 per
cent of the "oil must be sold within '
Roumania and at a pries fixed by the
state. . The price Is about cents per
gallon for light , gasoline, and is far
below the cost of prt duct Ion, since
nearly all the equipment must be tm- -ported.6
. There is also a high export
tax. 'Hence production is not encour
aged. 5 - "- - - .. -
Another big obstacle Is the lsck of
adequate power - planta. There is not
enough current te permit an Increase
In production. As a result Bukharest
is short of gasoline. -:: ' -
Uncertainty regarding tha future at
titude ef the government is the factor
that Is Vloing the most harm. Persist
ent rumors ; are circulating In Buc
harest to tha .effect that the govern
ment intends t- , nationalise tho 1 sub
soil. ''This could mesn only the seis
ure of all the oil lands, v However, tha
real purport of tha agitation is to fore
the oil companies either to subscribe
to stat loans or to Influence their
nationals to subscrlbs to the loans.
Apparently the government is consider
ing capitallslnr the oil tracts at the ex
pense of the 'companies already In
stalled. The result is to scare off cap
ital rather than encourage production
and thus Increase the taxable wealth.
'American companies are receiving as
favorable treatment as other foreign
companies. The Romana American
company is producing . about 20 per
cent of tha crude oil and oil products.
' The reporter had traveled 24B mites
to interview the centenarian. "To what
do you attribute your long llfeT" he
asked,' his . pencil - poised above his
scribbling pad. "Well, you see. I was
born a long way back, answered the
old man. j -
siili ! !!'!i!ll!IIH!llllt!!ilillllll(lllll:lll!!iil
i ,inniiiiiii"""""""""mnminnimiiii -i
Mayfield May Become
Senate Storm Center -
1Y7 AS HTNOTON. Dec 2. (WASH-
YY INGTON . BUREAU OF THE
JOURNAL.) The promised contest
against, the seating of Earle B. May
field as senator from Texas - in the
next congress, tha outgrowth of a bit
ter, winter-party, fight in that state.
bears earmarks of being carefully pre
pared for -expansion Into national
prominence, with the hone that It mav
be used by the -Republican leaders as
an antidote to the Newberry -case.
-- In t Other words, having : witnessed
tha ..havoc caused by Newberry, some
of , the ' administration supporters s
an' opportunity to bring out a "May
field case" to the discomfort of .the
Democrats, f . Tha Michigan and Texas
affairs'-are not parallel, except, that
in both there is a charge of expendi
ture of money- in tha primaries beyond
that permitted by law, but iaclt. of
that, in the Mayfield case,. Is the alle
gation' that the newly -elected senator
was a candidate of the Ku-Klux Klan.
In .Texas, before "the election, there
Umn once, a v provision iWhlch : it was was a confusion of lawsuits and an
WORMS RM$E?T ALPS
i
(Special Cable to The Journal and Chicago
-1 ' (Copyricht. 1S32.)
lOeneva. Dec 2. Real ouit)nii
exists between lack of emigration and
- ousmess . repression. Continuance of
the ' present unemployment menace
threatens the very foundation of tn-
' oustnal nations sIik Great Britain,
- uormanj ana jseigiunv The existence
of this new aspect of the industrial
problem, as wall as ways in which to
t meet it. Is one of the pressing objects
tor consideration before tha emigration
commission of tha international labor
eomereaca.
, The overcrowded states as a rule jar
inausmai states. Brainy, energetic
young men who before the -war- emi
grated to the new world in search of
. economic advancement arc ' now un
willingly kept at homo through various
. causes, such as depreciated currency,
political pride and restrictions on the
right of Immigration. They add to
the discontent always simmering in
tne -oi worm and -they -r contribute
oorecuy 10 unemployment by taking
. work out of tha hands of loss capable
compatriots.
In immigration countries like Can-
. ada. Australia and tha United States,
. " on tha other hand, the tendency toward
labor shortage caused by the decrease
in Immigration is held to boost wages,
put up prices and play, a part la so
called consumers' strikes of which the
world has heard so much in the last
Tew years.
Prooof that -European nations : con
sider emigration a partial remedy for I Pbotoeraph sbows the station at Bricff, Switserkind, whicb mul the 7 beginning of . the great tunnel that
depression is said to be contained in I . .. br Arn nrwini th mir' .n ..-tw tn Tn Ttoiv" im' H,n. wv . -n--
the British, Imperial emigration act.
; ; - which apportioned flS.eoQ.ooft to work-
ers desirous of amigratlng to tha col
i , ; onles and in the erection of emigration
- - commissions - aa part of the post-
i helium government machinery in over-
j. crowaeo countries like Itaar. Poland,
vsccno-siovaiua ana Switzerland.
. -
j
Mil
lililllillliliMliiniiitiilltiliMM
i.iiii.n.
BTir
bore deep under1 the alps; and reaches to laeile, Italy, IS rnOes away. .' Work on ' this great railroad
, tunnel wan begun morn than 20) years ago, hat due to the war and other eanses was never completed- -. It
v Is Known as the great Sbnplo-Jt tunnel, and for a greater part of the way runs at m level of. about 10,000
. leet beneata the Alpa. At the time ef the beginning of the tremendous nndertaklng It was thonsht the
. cost would be about $ls,OO0,0O0, but that figure has been materially increased with the chanse to values.
" Whebai com pleted." the "tunnel wia form5 the cbortest raQ route frora Jfortheri Europe to the Mediter
' ranean, and open an avenue of traffic that l!ni.s tlie continent with the JCcar East
Nor is that ail-Maybe you will wiir
Just for writing The joumal a' Letter!
Here is about the easiest way to secure Christinas
money that Santa Claus can suggest . First look ,
around the-house; make a note of the various
things you own and have ' little or no use for.
v ,You vill be surprised at the number - of . things
: there .are... Then 'remember that there are more
man 50.000 homes nd 275.000 people in
Portlaad alone II " Among them' are5 people who
are lookdri for and Burnt to BUY the things you'
Yst pmzz letter: v ;
Here's some -more- . " - 1 ri fV
CHRISmAS MONEY ; P HvUU
for EVelyn Goy: i;. fLM t. '
Oregon JJota, P6itiandJ Oregon. v ".
Dear Paper 1 needed some Christmas money . t
on the sly. didn't lnov hoto lever roM gel
the - necessary money;, f until the brilliant idea .. -popped
into-my. head of advertising in' "The Ore-
,gon Daily Journal" W.ant Ad columns.. Three,
neck before Christmas in (a Sunday morning ! ?
paper the'foUorsing ad-appeared: '"All, Drool
jhUe sbealerfor sale cheaps Price $5., - fa" .
. bor 7288." The sweater "was in some ones else'
home that evening. and the $5 xas in my pocket.
Resxdtsf us m say ' thafs results. -Try 'for your-
. self dear people, and you IV see as quickly as 1 .
3 did that it pays to advertise in the best paper, "The
-Oregon- DaUy-C Journal." Ybuf everlasting , "
friends: p EVELYN JOOGU.
65hE 46th SL N Portland, Or,
.JtXM3
want to sell. ; Get in toucH .witH them through
The Journal-:--the paper with' the largest daily
circulation ;in Portland . of 'all the 'newspapers
Then-Rafter you have used Journal, Want Ads
or jight now if you have already used them
write us a letter telling about' your want ad ex
perience.'. Address it to the Classified Ad Mgr.,
The Journal.1 Every week The Journal gives
cash prizes for such letters and maybe you will
be a lucky winner. Try anyway I' 4 V
- 2ND PRIZE LETTER .
-t-k , WIUllgr VdUin,U , atj f?g
but It Worked Over - 3)0 .50
Night andMrs.
OrePon Journal. - -
' GentlcmenSpme ? time 'ago: a dear old lady
. tvho had birds for sale placed an ad in a paper
not The Journal: She rvaited too day for calls
' but the phone remained as quiet as the Dead Sea.
Then something likely the spirit of a dead ad'
vertising math prompted her to call ? up The
r Journal. Over . the, phone a mistake occurred
Instead of the ad reading: "For salermale birds
$5.00; females 50c " Jt made thh0 startling arW,
-Cnouncement: "For sale male birds 7 5c, females
50c The phone came to life. Calls began to :
tumble on top of each other. People learned of ::-
the error, but the gentle explanation of the old.
- f lady sold all of the 15 birds.' She said even;
though the ad rvas Wong it teas ell right She
: noiv thinks The Journal could sell the Mississippi:
: river to lhe-government -'Yours truly, '
MRS. C. H. DICE. 775Vz Union Ave. N.
; rSee'Kowetitwasfof tHem fowiapUciEan Ho the same!. And when it