Tuesday; December e, ini.
14
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, OREGON.
National Budget Greatest Reform in History of Republic, Says President
Hiding
4
t
V
I
i
a
HARDING VOICES DiS PLEASURE ON
RECEfJT TAX BILL
Wo.hinirtnn TiMt. C (I. N. 8.1 Prea-1
Went Harding message to congress iw- I
day was as follows: .
but. opcaacr aou.. i
mhM f " - I
. i- - Mhbi nrlvll.ir. TA I
' . i
mmt to the confer exs with .the republic I
IT IS TO BE RECONSIDERED LATER
:' ! f ' ...--.--X '. -..f.f.. ' X-"."'
I at peace with air the nations of the I am not unmindful of thevery difficult
I; world. More, it is equally gratifying tasks with which you were called to
to report that our country Is not only deal, and no one can ignore the insist
W f rr from every impending menace of ent 'conditions which, during recent
. V.. . ikM mrm nviwlnv a HKliri neM var kav frw tk. vn f i w. n.if mnA
4 .'w. n th. twii whirh
I i. 1 1 lil III.IIHVJ V. Maw - - I
t we so deeply cherish. !
5 ' For approximately ten years we have
4 .i .min.i mMim nt warn nr u
v participants In war's actualities, and j
. the inevitable aftermatn wits its ais- i
ordered conditions has added to the dif-
flcultlea of government! which ade-I
nnitxlif nnnnt h annraliied exceDt by I
those who are in immediate contact and I
know the responsibilities. I
WOHLD IS IHVOI-TED i I
W ' . . . . . , . .
fc 'LJ. ,1 .: ,"." j .,rVn-I
I much of the world was oj?-.IV, .f'""
. 'n a?tuaI v.1' ",a-no i Permanent
readjustmenta can be effected without I
iiiinirmenra i7m.n m eiibcimi niuivui i
consiaeration qi our I
tionship to world irs in nanceand alaed eiClency n administration. I be
k trade.. Indeed, we should be "lyoJ lieve further reductions may be en-
of our best traditions if we were un- I act .Dd hinderina- b urden s aholiahed.
fc- or. Jir, . "T5 1 'i .Za fmT
I mindful of -oclal, moral and political
v- conditions wnicn are not oi uireci con-
Vcern to us." but which do appeal to the
k human sympathies and the very becom-
7 tag interest of a people blest with our
T national gooa fortune, -
1 It Is not my purpose to bring to you I
maTCch a pVogVm mus "oe worked the systemTa thfnV impolsibir'in the a'scort of lines withouT involvin'g a long
k Mt by the nations more directly con- few nionttis available for its initial trial, array of schedules. I think we shall go
f ?erned. They must themselves turn to w,m nark iu enactment as the begin- long ways towards stabilization, if
1 . r n. . , 1 J'lVL i. . v. " " ninu of the greatest reformation In irnv. there ia recotmlt.nn nt th. trr
condiUomVVn
J gllng. then we can help and we mean to
help, j We shall: do so unselfishly, be-
compensation in con-I
tins- ! rinri t-fam i
s, tne commerce ano inieruuiuuii
. cnanges in irsue, wmcn maraeu uur
, high tide of fortunate advancement, are j
pew hi Die oniy wntjn me iuiihws -m i
1 1 n n t ih Mnrfl trt atjthlA order I
and normal relationships, i "
v In the main the contribution of this 1
- republic to restored normalcy in tne i
l world must come tnrougn tne initiative i
V 4L. aw .ifrlw tv-annfe a4 kia RAV.m. I
L"r c.:r:u'r:.r; r,"7i rvz,
most carefully considered , purposes
would fail utterly if the sanction and
the coooeration of concTess were not I
rhifiill imnnti ! I
T Km v.rv nn w shall have no 'con- I
met or opinion aoout constitutional i
4 auues -or auutority. uurinx me ana-
. ieties of war. when necessities, seemed I
compelling, there were excessive grants ourselves and it will improve conditions I ?orn?ai ay?, r. employment and carry
,' of authority and an extraordinary con- I amon our debtors if f undine aiul th L1 ? credit,; let us choose the latter.
centraUon of powers in the Chief execu-
AESUEJIC1ES JSaiJEU
Th Twai nt wir-Hm Wisiation and I
T? 5?J.O' rjfJ'ivffJi-tSS
the automatic exolrations which attend
4 the near nrarlamations have nut ui 1
end Lthes?mtretnCT excellesf buI
fc have the wtshoo rtheTm8 mat
V.-Wi?? to ,fui?l .Y1n.ul.a.
J iwant V oin yo5" in -KThTS
l rKZ' xsr&i"SSSs:
v ity of confidence and respect which is
i nMurr in nnnwnutiv mduIxt eov- I
V eminent. . i . ' I
er7P?er- . 'i. . ' . I
- cuncroacnmcnt upoq me luircuoxis- ui t . . . . w " " y .
Mf.msi.or attemnterl dictation of ltslwttJ tni order of the congress. When J
policy are not to be thought of, much I
. attempted, but there il an insistent
X call for harmony of purposa and con-
tcord or action to speed tn solution or i
tha dif ficult problems confronting both I
;Ci .-r.M'b. rTrir. I
of the goyernment.
FATOaS POLITICAL DITISIOK
? It is worth while to pake allusion
t here; to the character of our govern-
It is worth while to make allusion
t ment. mindful aa one must be that an
address to you is no less a message to
I all our peopW for whom you speak most
inUmately. Ours s a populv govern-
ment through-pclitioa parties We d-
a. vine along pontic i unea "a i wuu.u
v ever have itso. I do not mean that
naetlsan . nreferences should hinder I
A ?Wo -ervant in the JPerformance i of .a
l,wiiauivliiiwiM -
t dntv. We saw partisan lines utterly
1 obliterated when war Imperiled and our
w lauq in tne repupuc was riniica anew.
Wa ouch not find these partisan lines
V obstructing the expeditious solution of
Kat . upni wrWiHl savval tW i TuwAfA
PAETT BESPOHSIBILITT
t Granting that we are fundamentally
! k a Mnriunta.tive nooular . government.
J with political parties the governing
agencies. I believe the political party in
power snouia u ranjuiiDiuun,, execuuve branch of the government, un- l '"'"!
. iermlne upon policies In the conference influenced by the protest of any nation, I REMEDY IX COOPERATION
Twilon oimriigns Tand thenTva for
I 1,UoncATp.?r.8n.Ji.J!: ?I
irv 4
A accepiea policy. i
There in vastly cTeater Security, lm-
1 m.iTfljOv more of the national viewpoint.
i mucnTarrandmptelracPs
m.nt h.ra our divisions are tlonr
Z n.rii iina , in the broad and loftier
Party lines., in tne oroaa an loiuer
arlns Tt Tout-suits wrional fol-
according to pursuits or persona ioi
lowing.
HELD TO . ACCOUNTING I
- For a century and a third, parties
' have been charged with responsibility
f and held to strict accounting, .wnen
i .SS1
I ft?S-h0JK5i'htl iLn a torM
t tional emlrtence no less .than a world
a example.
...
Neoessarttv. legislation is a matter OTi
1 compromise. The full ideal is seldom
i attained, iln that meeting of minds
necessary to insure results there must
and will be accommodations and com'
t vlctlons and sincere purposes the su
preme responsioiuty to national inter-
Mf miut not im iniorMi
I FOB GOOD OP ALL
The shield to the high-minded public
. . , I . a
t At soon as you have used
I a i . - .r.
Alpine, the Every Day
i ir'ii a It
. . I ' .
t YcflCzl UUlZJL
iiAUAk us lis uauuv UU9 YUU
m ' "
I TVXU mJUUW WUy YXU ever
DOIUCU UlUA.
AU.'n. Kf.'l t- 'Hnnkl w
h Alpine MUK, 18 OOUbly
: konvTOTvrl AmWx, .ail
i rw.T
I awvftVe cm rma1 nfl frtr
wUeet Oil CereaiS, ana IOr
l ttl tDtlk dishes . '
UI U1U&. UIMlCSa - .
OREGON
MILK
writh h,m intonntrm- I lr".1 revision, we cannot go iar I , Cr"-,"
v f aau auw auwaa v - i wrong wnen we base our tariffs on the I .'-'io ". "r" u ing wit
I nlan nf rtlrl.f e.KInnerl pocy of preserving the producUve ac- Es. until industries , are ted Ueffes.
iaawuww w wa iauivuva i uviues which enhance employment and iiku wm-isauon tnus
. ...i jt ?n .1 1. -.TJ:' I era A great volume of uneconomic and I be nossihi
t it makes everyuiing taste thing j. Vm13S2F& 7XS &EfiS&
l httmf i I Tc tf in fH onrl lilt V -Jvw J"B " "yj uona and terras oi railway transporta- disposition to
J DetlCr. USe It m tea ana seek a selfish aloofness, and we could I tion ouirht not be permitted to increase I itn rL,
-.
r
ATJD SAYS THAT
servant who adheres to party policy islna .jiiLn. .iv. ,w n.vl
. .iT v.11 . - iTY I
" - " .
acknowledgment of the really large vol-1
...... .oil . ! I
HUW H1IU KWUIHIt VUWIU W I
Mtnnllakul v. . v n4 1 . m..!.. I
of consress w hich so recently adjourned.
.imiKt .TiJn.k. tt.ntiM 1
M.WJ - ' V J VIS. UKIW I
bership to public work. It would sug-
pest Insincerity-if I expressed complete
imini vith mn .Tnr.nn rH 1
in your roll calls, but, we are all acreed I
about tne . dirticuuies and the Inevitable I
divergence of opinion in seeking the re-
auction, - amelioration and readjustment
of the burdnna nt tiTitinn
Later on. when other problems are I
solved, I shall make some recommenda-t
llon8 aDoul renewed consideration of I
vuiiq mtuiv UB. WfH
wun tne Din ion -collar reduction in the I
tax draft upon tfte people and dimin-
By your sustainment of the rigid eeon-1
omies already Inaugurated, with hoped-
mm ii a i-.t i
for extensions of the economies and
acted and hindering burdens abolished.
r I
;
In these urgent economies we shall be
immensely assisted by the budget sys-
tern for which you made provision in the
If . . ' newBiun. ine iirst ouag-et i
i10!? you iJJ Preparation is a Big- I
IFSV'SLKI?1 the beginning
?J? P"Pc. v . ; v
'There is pending a grant of authority
to the administrative branch of the I
KUTfrnmmr iai in. miui n tA tti I
xuroiKH mans gTowina; i
i ui wi lfr.iii oi war credits, wiin I
the hands of the executive branch held I
".i;u. w uu wiui inroe oeoia-we are t
hinderinftr urtrefit pailluBtwini . I
our debtors and accomplishing nothing j
for ourselves. ' I
i tninx u is rair ror the congress . to I
assume mat tne executive branch, of the I
Mv.mwi.fit n. 1 . A 1 1
-rzx'zzi ".ur ff1:
would conflict with the purpose of con-
gress In authorizing the loans, certainly I
not ; without askintr conereiwionni an. I
nnwiil Knt oh... ... n wi iZ I
r-irloni tr nnir1.ni lmn n.,i i I
tne saieguardine; of our interests which I
cannot even oe attempted without this' I
authorisation, it wnniH k .vir.r,i
settlement of defaulted interest may be I
neR. . - - ;
previous . congress, oeepiy - con- I
LTr,leu ,n oenau oi our mercbant ma- I
rine. in 1920. enacted the existinar shio-l
"'i'-
" ns '". oesignea tor tne upbuilding
of tte American merchant marine!
Amon other tninP Provided to en-
couraee our shioDina- on the -world's
courage our shipping ' on the world's
- vsrtjbrjsz
,!"h i tIee8 m oraepto ad-
mit of reduced duties on imports car- I
Med in American bottoms. During, me I
life of th ar-t nn .i.r. h.. -nnTnti I
tne Prese,nt administration came into
"SP0nf,'bUit!' Jt beB.an Inr-nto
t lure to execu . the express pur-
- --w wunnu-
sion has. been possible.
Frankly, members of the house and I
tl 4k ewBi iw jwui jwu 114 I
me raaimg oi an American mercnant
marine commensurate with our com-
merce, feel the denouncement of our
commercial treaties would mvolve us in
a chaos of trade relationships and add
indescribably to the confusion of the
already disordered commercial world.
Our power to do so Is not disputed but
power and shipa without comity of re-
lationsnip. wui not give us tne expanded I
trade which is inseparably linked with
i mil m.nniiii nnHn. I
0NLT DTjTiABLB MPOBTS
Moreover, the aonlied reduction of
duty, for which the treaty denounce
ments were necessary, encourasrea onlv
tne carrying of dutiable import to our
snores, wnue tne tonnage which unfurls
the flag on the seas is both free and
dutiable, and the cargoes which make
a nation eminent in trade are outgoing
I rather than incoming.
I it la nnt mv tknnrkt A
lay the
I problem In detail before you today It
8 desired only to say to you that the
KP H?"?. . been made, ta well con-
ned that your proposal, highly in-
tended and heartily suported here, is
Ian rVauvrtt wltk 4 'r4,nlfU . .
tended and heartily suported here, is
I " i ""vi wim uniicuities ana so
I wiracircn, to aiscourage
in tol-
"l non-compiiance ior a ver
very
I Iew we'KS until a plan may be pre-
i whk.h r-nr.r.rr.ri.t.. -.i...
few weeks until
draft upon the public treasury and
I ,iv, . . iT J -J'
which, though yet too crude to offer
( i . ' . m .
IngneuV merchant wCIetht itrtll
I argue its own anrovaL It ia nourh tolment. Why not try U7' No on chal-
I My today that we are so Dossessed of
ahlDS .nd th. American intention to
rchanrmlrtne'is so unT
lterao, at a plan of reimbursement
mt no oth. , ' nt.mnl.,J
l"n i renmoursemenij
i ,iv wvirei Luet .ti.i i is. cDjiLRniuBun
I in the nhitlnr tt will nr-.i tn ik.
".j '-rz -i .-- --.
JL K nope ?x. " ln8
'"--" yv.
I TJBGE8 PERMANENT TABIPP
There is before you the cnmnletinn of
.iaWiUitS X? St.C?!LP! 'il00!
the enactment of what haa nn ml
a permanent - tann jaw. the wort
1ermanent" being used to distinguish
it from the emergency act Which ia the
I an early completion of this necessary
iw iwu. a vauuwi ujo nronriT urn
industry at home : It la essential ta make
industry at home ;
"jor epn,lt .
More, it is vital
mn3r of our
contribute so not
o? .trade relations abroad,
vital to me preservauoa
rv,,.- inirri ki.k
mtribute io notably to the" vTry" llf
so notably
ur nation.
mooa oi our nation. - . (
I There ia now. and ther iWim will
be. a storm Of conflicting opinion aboyt
inlii m. ik. ri 4 .
Sa aY ZZtn VtrSft t!r"
Sf''ffi':.tr -SffiiS.-Sl
must not be unmindf ul-of world win -
cannot dwiiin t..i T. ",Z
.iTn LTVKr..".
-ZZJZ?. ?y hW',?. . P0"1018-
recognise the necessity of , buying wher-
fleI W. Ti1 .f0 the permanency of
4a- lie, m lu acceptable exchanges.
am ui umcii ao im
nroauca nor can w. bu iihImm wa
produce at home.- - ' !
Kverything relatlna- to trade among
ourselves and among nations has been
expanded, excessive, inflated, abnormal,
and there ta amadna in finance which,
rL!. mT ""Z .TLU2 JT-. We
area otor nation, not by normal pro-
aaWOaaavk 1 nifr Inana ' maHfm fiw VSET Sk a - w ass aakaaaw
iTW-rlrtr,- .mJrT.i. . - --. I spread or our popuiauon and restore the I . " 01 peace in raaiu-
3 h.rT.V. JfJ, .w . proper balance between city and coun-1 trywhich a rejoicing nation would ac
ourselves when the processes or that sal-1 m,. -.ki. Ti . 1 1 claim.
I vaUon are not only not denied to others,
Ik... 4.-.j4il K.-. w. .l, 4.
I wu vmi asa umvu w vaia. aa v aav sa. vu
dermine for others' no industry y which!
liney suneust ; we are obligated to- permUl
Iuie unaermming vi none ox our own i oi our American civilisation mat in deal-1 nomes, to its returned soldiers and a
which make for employment and main-1 ing with human relationships it has con-1 large part of our settlement and devel
tained activities. . . j stantly moved toward such lustice in dis-1 ooment has' attended this generous nro-
. dif- I
a
Icessity of the revision is magnified i
iimi rv.ai uruT inuuuoo ni tin
It. Doubtless we are justified In seeking
a more flexible policy man we nave p
Tided heretofore., l nope a way wiu
found to make for flexibility and elastie-
I itr. ao that rates may be " adjusted to
meet unusual and changing conditions
I which cannot be accurately . anticipated.
I know of no manner in which to eitect
this flexibility other than the extension
of the powers of the tariff commission.
so that it can adapt itself to a scientific
ana - wnoiiy just administration, or tne
I am not unmindful of the constitu
tional difficulties. These can be met by
giving authority to the chief executive.
obsignate.
WOULD NOT LARGE POWER
nUU to tne resoonsi DlUTlaa oi tne 011100.
j J . . , . , , , .
. umvi v W CI C mlj VU1CI ULU ' A WVUW I
There is a manifest difference of .onin-
ion about the merits of American valua-1
Hons. Many nations have adooted deliv
ery valuation as the valuation for col-
lect!nr duties : that is. thev take -the cnrt
. . . - ... , , .
of.'the Ports delivered at the port of
trTa y1? bai" fr levying duty. It is
no radical departure. In view of vamnx
conditions and the disordered state of
""" i " provioe xor American
I aluatlon, but there cannot-be ignored
I1 danger f such a valuation, brought
I to the level of our own nroductinn costa.
making our tariffs prohlbiUve. It might
do 9 in many Instances' where imports
to oe encouragea. i peiteve con-
'"")r. a provision autnortsing pro-
claimed American valuation, under pre-
PE0TI8IOX8 roit nrrp.i
In this nronosMl floirihlKt-r mkAr. I
-ncreases to meet conditions so likely
j i1"1"' tnere snouia also be pro-
.Zt-Z7?Z-i A rausmay be
Jfi tfayad. ntirely out of propor-
" m muntna irom too ay. if our
tariffs are to be made equitable, and not
necessarily burden our imports and hin-
oer our trade abroad, frequent adjuat-
r uecewsary ror years to come. I
""wmis me impossibility, of raodifica-
mission's fitness to recommend urgent
changes by proclamation. .
.1 am sure about pubHc opinion favor-
ing the early determination of our tariff
nAiiv t'Kam . . km. .
pisua ui a ouainess revival zrom the
ueep siump wmcn ail tne world has been
experiencing. Our unemployment, which
save us grave concern only a lew weeks
n cm ha, rw.m &n t
new assurances and. renewed -confidence
attend the congressional declaration
that American industry ' will be held
secure.
tnoosis bitwmh two cotjbszs
. ",ucn "a" en said about the pro-
tJr"vT Ior our8eIves making is
VVPp tor our debtors to discharee
Uielr ObllCaUona tO US. This in a mn.
tention not now Dressinsr for decision. Tf
.7 "" -wiiwwii a people n
mo pay ins ot m-
oebtedness, or a people resumine the
,,.8 w appraise largest, the 1
havTbSvm.;
nll , "iiT" ' ' ii." .r r"-,'"
ZC nvliTvXI r J . w" I
M.!100! of w?r-and throw off the
nuhinr r...r.n. .rrr t. r
. Z. 1 ... .V V I
ft1 !L, U"al, oul ' im-
S1-.?, , J ""employed and
aunt with hunger, face a situation quite
S war anoTuVe?
ssl. to-? -
Uvity andpromoUng fortunate and C
"T,. m,r"'l. rlunte nd re" I
" ii ' ' I
Somedhit more than tariff T.mt.t- I
. , , , -
required by American agriculture. To
"e f"".er nas come tne earlier and
tSJS!L1Tdi,ua
There is tal epressmn to our agri-
v - "?,,.".
prosperity is absolutely essential to the
general prosperity of the country.
VAUCiO AXiAiaJLII Ail X AAAilCiT
Congress has aourtl verv ti,
-Jr.J.","r ffg! 1 K?rf to
-nvi i-Biir it
ruch temnorarv rlPf C w.n",
J
Mrm'anwtt anintini. Tt iTtfJ
ESSXm Tlow??- th priw d short
0erZ idvince TuTem No leliafatinn rn
cure thaTfdSnetai Uw meS
t be some economic Tution for fhl
sible, but the call is insistent for the
must be some economic solution for the
exceasivo variation in
cUrsJ DroduttoS
prpauciion.
returns for aa-ri-t
K
tt tm -),-. .kMirin - .i
-" miv , awvru.i uf w UWI uii
9,000,000 bales of coton raised on Ameri-
can plantations in a given year will ac -
tuaiiy. De wortn more to the producers
than IS.000,000 bales would have been.
Equally shocking is the statement that
700,000.000 bushels of wheat raised by
American farmers would bring them
more money than a billion bushels. Yet
these are not exaggerated statements.
In a world where there are tens of mil-
"ons who need food and clothing which
thy cannot Ret. ch a condition is
'nnict the social system which n
makes
In the main, the remedy lies In dis-
tribution and marketta Every proper
encouragement should be given to the
I w.mmi. MnHk..tnM . ft v. .
i cooperauve marxeung programs, xnese
i nave proven very neiptui to tne co-
oPeraUpg communities in Europe. In
I Russia the cooperative community has
oecome lae recognized nuiwara or law
and order and saved Individualism from
engulfment in social' paralysis. TJ1U-
I mmnlr tlwv vlll K. .MrlltArI with th.
I mately they will be accredited with the
1 alvatinn rt tk. RiimI.m .t.t. . -
There is the appeal for this expert-
l.l6nrea tne nKht of the farmer to a
!arer nr oi the -consumers-.
pay for
I his product, no one disputes that we can-
I not live without. the farmer. He is ius-
i tlf. -.K-iiin- .inst the transoor-
I .1 . m r . . . .
I cubi. viven a lair return ior ius
i iaoor. ne win nave less occasion to an-
I Peal for financial aid, and given, assur-
I ance that his labors shall not be' in vain,
I we assure all the people of a production
I "uiiicient to meet our national require-
I ment and guard against disaster.
""i-waiiB kau r, i u ui i
I The base of the pyramid of civilization
I which rests nnnn th anil Am. ihrinkinr
i uirouan im nnrr or nonniauon rram
I farm to city. For a generation, we have
I about this tendencv. Economists have
warned and ,atesmen have .deplored,
1 " " muui iur a. uiiw mat muuern con -
I venienoea and th mnra Inlimit. rrmtmrt
would h
s- JVT f Jt 'r?."?;
1 necessity will correct it. but we ought to
llnaK 1.'uc remedy, f
r "V-"
I waaveiut transportation nas attenoeo.
1 " v "-'" utviuui,i,.
milling and great packing Indus-
"ord-
I a"'''K concentrauon is reaoiiy appar-
Pn m coTicentrmuon are
I this undesirable tendency. We have a
just pride in our great cities, but we
shall find a greater pride in the nation
I which haa a larger .distribution of its
i popuiauoB uiio me country wnerw com -
I ntraHmhr awir anmri.nt armalL.
.1 munibes .may blend agricultural and
manufacturing interests in , harmdnious
-lnh,l4M .nr) ..k.a.n.J .
I .k . nn. j-
e true tion of things wrought, of invest-
ments made or wealth involved. : It only
looks to a general policy of transporta-
tion of distributed industry, and of high-
way construction to encourage the
A a " w
"'a.; ' "7" vur
I "v" - ,1. -
& -. , . , u . a
umoiihi vtr S . . .
It nas been pernapa the proudest claim
Everv con tem pla U on magnifies the Jif
'.. . ' . " ... . -a.1 .
President
S, :--;'..-::-: :-: ;. -A- y .;.r sv:-;:-- .x. '
' ' ' ' :-::?.-; -v:
- ? - , - X - , - 4
tributing the product of human energy
Biin w we mass oi people.
-urs nas been a mgniy productive social
organization. On the way ud from the
",ts""'"VIU,V v" wy up iron, me
elemental stages or society we nave
eliminated slavery and serfdom and are
now far on the way to the elimination
.of tvert
ot ert r
PITIES HICH PITIES P00B
Through the eradicaUon of illiteracy
and the diffusion of education, man-
kind has reached a stage where w may
' .w". r 7r.ir...'
&aM., amj luki uio . umieu - ounrn
I equality of opportunity has been at-
tahied. though all are not prepared to
embrace it. There is, indeed, a Coo great
divergence between the economic., condi-
I i. ms mm ieaat nvoieu
classes in the community. But even
that divergence has now come to the
I wx w o va aiac I uie TCI J (iwi
n? lne. very rich together as the least
I toriunate classes, our efforts
fortunate cb
may well
be directed to improving the status of
. .
While this set of problems is com-
moily bomprehehdeu Snder "he general
Phrase "Capital and Labor." it ia TreaUy
broade! I? if a 'question of
oclal and economic organization. Labor
I u1 Ma economic organization. Labor
f" "w large coutriouior, tnrougn
its savings, to the stock of capital, while
I the Deoole who own the larcest tnrliirirl.
I , i .
I uf aspegates of capital are themselves
iten f1 and earnest laborers.' Very
r . CT"'y " uraw
" line of demarcaUon between the two
FJPME8,? 2 determtae whether a particu-
Ur .individual is entitled to be set down
a laborer or as capitalist. In a very
''Jf proportion of cases he is both and
he u both h the most useful
cluzeD
BIGHT TO ORGANIZE
I The right of labor to organize Is just
as lunuamentai ana necessary as is the
right of capital to organize. The right
solve its particular problems in an or-
ganised l waV. throiih ita .t,
oi larwr to negotiate, to deal with and
is lust as essential as is the right of cap-,
1 w -1 : . . . .
itai to prganixe, to maintain corporations
10 umii tne uaDuities or stocknoiders.
Indeed, we have iCome to recognise that
I the limited liability of the citizen as a
nicmner or a iaoor organization closely
parallels the limitation of liabilitv of th
citixen as a stockholder in a corporation
for nrofit. Alonr thla lino nt ruinnlnr
I for profit. Along this line of reasoning
I we Shall make h rrMtMl nrrmmmM trt.
ward solution of our problem o? capital
moor. - -
I Just aa it is not desirable that a cor-
I poraUon shall be allowed to impose un-
I due exactions upon the public, so it is
I not desirable that a labor organization
Shall be bermltted to exact unfair term
1 1 . . - . ... . .
u iiiipioj'nieiii r auoject tne puoitc to
actual aistresses m oroer to eniorce its
terms. Finally. Just as we are earnestly
i seesung tor procedures whereby to ad
I Just and settle political difficulties be-
1 wiuwui raori uj war, so
we may well look about for means to set-
nnii.i tu rror.ri l.w rii.n
wb me uuiervrices . uetwwq organisea
I sort to those forms of warfare which we
rmwnln ntidur th nanw f atrlliM lrtolr-
i ouia. dotcolu anci inn 11 if e
I TBIBtTNALS TO DECIDE
I. we..,av. great bodies .of law care-
fion -f industrial d nnsTnclal co?-
1 ior,. i n nlrht m-.ll
I Pratons, m we mipnt well have plans
i'SBSE'd"
tennlnaUon in controversies between la-
I w .nri rnitoi ta ..nit.i. vi.
would involve the necessity to develop a
( morvugu-going coae oi practice in oeai-
n sucn anairs. witn rights, priv
immunities and modes of orrani-
careiuuy aeiinea, it should
to- set up judicial or quasi
judicial tribunals for the consideration
ua aeterminaiion oi au disputes wmcn
menace the publig welfare. s
In an international socletv mich
as
our, the strike, lockout and bovnott are
M moch out of place and disastrous in
war or armed revolu-
of politics. The same
reasonableness to concilia-
m i f ion rf t K. nfk.. .i.'.
point of view" the same provision of fair
and recognized tribuls and pVocesis
ought to make it possible to solve the
one set of Question as eaail a the
1 otner. i believe tne solution ia possible.
I
I CODE OP ELEXESTAL BIGHTS
I ' The ' consideration of such a policy
I wnitlrl tV. - - - m.Z
i t.iik.r.iinn t ik. i .1..
code and a charter of elemental rights,
dealing with the relations of employer
"nd employe. This foundation In the law
Sealing with the modern conditions of so-
cml and economic Ufa would hasten the
W mfiljl . aa A L. aV . m.t M a a
-1 . .
MiUalS X UK BU1.I11EC.X
After each war. until the last the
I government aas been enabled to ' give
. 1 ... , - .- .-
Harding
I
' Mipy--vweaiasmfiW -lpwseiap; ir
IW9W vCM4SUv .t5K(ft!
vision of
land for the nation's de-
fenders.
There is yet unreserved approximately
700,000,000 acres in the public domain,
20,000,000 acres of which are known tq
be susceptible of reclamation - and can
be made fit for homes by provision for
irrigation.
The government has been assisting in
the developments of its remaining lands.
until the estimated Increase in land
values in the irrigated sections is full
$500,000,000. and the crops -of 1920 alone
on these lands are estimated' to exceed
$100,000,000. Under the law authorizing
these expenditures for development, the
advances are to be returned; and it
would be good business for the govern
ment to provide for the reclamation of
the remaining 20.000,000 'acres, in ad
dition to expanding the completion of
projects long under way.
LEASES ON BOYALTY BASIS
Under what is known as the coal and
gas lease'. law, applicable also to de
posits of phosphates and other minerals
on the public domain, leases are now
being made on the royalty basis, and
are producing large revenues to the
government. Under this legislation, 10
per cent of all royalties is to be paid
directly to the federal treasury and of
the remainder 50 per cent is to be used
for reclamation of and lands 'by irriga
tion and 40 per cent Is to be paid to
the states in which the operations are
located, to be used t v them for school
and road purposes.
These resources are so vast and the
development is affording so reliable a
basis of estimate that -the ' interior de
partment expresses the belief that ulti
mately the present law will add in roy
alties and payments to the treasury of
tne federal government. and the states
containing these nublic lands a total
of II Z, 000,000,000. This means of course
an added wealth of many times that
sum. These prospects seem to afford
every justification of government ad
vances in reclamation and irrigation.
Contemplating the inevitable and de
sirable increase of population, there is
anotner pnaae of reclamation fun
worthy of consideration. There are 79,-
000,000 acres of swamp and cutover
lapels which may be reclaimed and made
as valuable as any farm land we pos
sess. The acres are largely located in
southern states states, and the greater
proportion is owned oy tne states or oy
private citizens. Congress has a re
port of the survey of this field for re
clamation and the feasibility - is estab
lished. I gladly commend federal aid,
by way of advances, where state and
private participation is assured.
RELIEF FOB RUSSIA
While we ase thinking of promoting
tne fortunes or our own people. 1 am
sure there is room in the sympathetic
thought of America for fellow human
beings who are suffering and dying of
starvation in Kussia. a severe droutn
in the valley of the Volga has plunged
15.000.000 people into grievous famine.
Our voluntary agencies are exerting
themselves to the utmost, to save the
lives of children in this area, but It is
now evident that unless relief is af
forded the loss of life will-extend into
many millions. America cannot be deaf
to sucn a call as mat.
We do not recognize the government
of Russia, nor tolerate the propaganda
which emanates therefrom, but we do
not forget the traditions of Russian
friendship. We may put aside our con
sideration of all international politics
and fundamental differences in govern
ment. The big thing is the- call of the
suffering and the dying. Unreservedly
I recommend the appropriation neces
sary to supply the American relief ad
ministration with 10,000.000 -bushels of
corn and 1.000. WO bushels of seed
grains, not alone to halt the wave of
death through starvation, put- to en
able spring planting in areas where the
seed grains have been exhausted tem-
poraMiy to stem starvation.-
The American relief -administration .is
directed in Russia by former officers of
our own armies and has fully demon
strated its ability to transport and dis
tribute relief through American hands
witnout ninarance or tosa Tne time Ji
come to add the government's support
to tne wonoenui re net already wrougnt
out of tbe generosity of the American
private purse.
BELIEF AT HOME
I am not -unaware that we have suf
fering and privation at home. When it
exceeds ' the capacity for the relief
within the state concerned, it will have
federal consideration. It seems to me
we should - be indifferent to our own
heart prompting and out of accord with
the spirit which acclaims the Christ-
mastide if - we. do .not. give, out of our
natural abundance to lighten this bur
den 01 woe upon a people blameless and
beipiesa ia iamine peril.
. There are a full score of topics con
cerning wnicn it would ne Decerning to
address you. and on which I va-nnoaa ta
make report : at a later time. I have
alluded to the thtna-s requiring- your ear
ner attention. However. 1 cannot enu
this limited address without a suggested
amendment to .the organic law. . . t , . , .
KOX-TAXABXE 8ECCKITIES
Manv. af us beloaz to that school of
thxmght wMch is hesitant about altering
the fundamental law. l uuna our tax
problems, the tendency of wealth to seek
non-taxable investment and the menac
ing increase of public ' debt federal,
state and municipal all justify a pro
posal to caange the constitution so as to
ena sne issue or noa-iaxaDts oonas. sxo
action can change the- status of . the
many - billions outstanding, but we can
guard against further- encouragement of
ccpitai s -paralysis, wnue a nan in tne
growth of public indebtedness would be
beneficial throughout our whole larrl
r Such a change in the constitution must
be-. very thoroughly considered - before
submission. I sucrest the consideration
because the drift of wealth into non-taxable
securities is hindering the flow of
large capital; to, our , industry, manufac
turing, agricultural ana carrying, until
we are discouraging the very activities
which make our wealth.
Arrestable i to your expressed desire
and In complete accord with the pur
poses of the executive branches of the
government, there is in Washington, aa
you happily know, an international con
ference, most earnestly at worn on pians
for the limitation of armaments and a
naval holiday and the Just settlement of
nroblems which might develop into
causes of international disagreement.
It is easy i to believe a world nope la
centered ' on I this capital city. A most
gratifying world accomplishment is not
unprooaDie,
(Continued from Fac One)
general way. the serious international
questions facing the American people.
ASKS FLEXIBLE TARIFF
The high spots of tbe president's mes
sage were : j
, (1) The imperative need of elastic and
flexible tariff legislation which would
enable the president, through the federal
tariff commission, to meet effectively
the changing trade and industrial con
ditions, not only in this country, but
abroad. ! -
(2) The urgent necessity of a "general
policy of transportation of distributed
industry and .of highway construction
to encourage the spread of our popula
tion and to restore the proper balance
between city and country.
(3) The strong desire of the adminis
tration for further revenue revision and
"renewed consideration of our tax pro
gram," despite tne lnevitame diverg
ence of opinion in seeking the reduction,
amelioration - and readjustment of the
burdens of taxation."
OPPOSES JONES ACT
(4) The expressed opposition of the ad
ministration to the abrogation of cer
tain commercial treaties proposed by the
Jones merchant marine act on the
grounds that to denounce them would
"involve us in a chaos of trade relation
ships and add indescribably to the con
fusion of the already disordered com
mercial world."
(5) The expansion of the American
merchant marine under an administra
tion plan -to be later submitted to con
gress which,- while contemplating "no
greater ?draft 'on the public treasury"
than ls"provided by the Jones act. "will
appeal to the pride and encourage the
hope of all tlie American people," in
American shipping flying the American
flag.
DEBT pTJNDING BILL
(6) Early enactment of the foreign
debt funding bill that the administration
may be cloaked with ample authority to
deal with the Ul.000.000,000 foreign , in
debtedness to the United States which is
now denied It and which is hindering re
adjustments among our debtors and. ac
complishing nothing for ourselves.
(7) Systematic encouragement of agri
culture by the development of adequate
distribution and marketing facilities for
agricultural products and the adoption
of "cooperative marketing programs for
that purpose."
(2) The early termination of a "great
volume of uneconomic and wasteful
transportation" and a revision of "the
existing scheme of adjusting freight
rates," with adequate legislation to meet
the serious railroad problems so vitally
affecting the welfare of the American
people.
(9) Recommended a congressional ap
propriation, to purchase food for the
starving Russians.
HITS TAX-FREE BONDS
(10) Suggests the advisability of a
constitutional - amendment to prohibit
the issuance of tax-free securities.
(11) Declared both corporations and
labor unions should be regulated and su
pervised in the interests of public wel
fare, and suggested quasi-judicial tri
bunals to settle labor disputes.
The president's statement concerning
capital and labor caused a mild sensa
tion, and his suggestion that there might
be a quasi-judicial tribunal to settle la
bor disputes was interpreted by many
members of congress a&s an indorsament
of the Kansas industrial court plan, al
though the president s statements along
this line were rather Indefinite.
OLD WORLD PBESEXT
The president's message was delivered
before the greatest and most represents
five gathering of the. chosen spokesmen
of all the civilised world that has ever
assembled under one roof in America.
The. armament conference virtually
shifted to the capitol to hear the presi
dent address the two branches of con
gress and through It the American peo
ple and the whole world. The delegates
of Great Britain, France, Japan and
other 1 foreign nations, members of the
diplomatic corps in their brilliant color
ful uniforms, rubbed elbows with the
duly elected .'representatives of the
American people.
i
IRISH PEACE NOW
CLOSER THAN EVER
(Ooatioatd from Pace One) '
of the agreement which will be submit
ted to the Dail Eireann. .
AGREEMENT BEACHED
Sinn Fein haa announced the peace
delegation will return to Dublin tomor
row night.;'
The news ' of - the agreement sent
thrill throughout England. London had
been prepared for the gloomy news of
a breakdown and then at the eleventh
hour as the fragile negotiations hung
by the tiniest : hair over a . chasm of
despair after months of fruitless work
and worry over the terms, a ray of light
struck . out of the darkened sky and
Cashed on the door at No, 19 Downing
street at 2:16 a. m.
Weary delegates. - worn by hour of
brain conflict, straggled out and climbed
MESSAGE CENTERS
Otl HOME AFFAIRS
into their cabs to go home to bed.
KING ELATED I " -
The Irish question had been met. !
King George sent the following mes
sage to Premier Lloyd George on the
Irish settlement: , . .
"I am overjoyed to hear the splendid
news you have sent me. 1 I congratulate
you with all my heart: upon the suc
cessful . termination - of j these difficult
and protracted negotiations which was
due to the patience and conciliatory
spirit-you 'have shown throughout. I
am indeed happy in some small way to
have contributed by my : speech at Bel
fast to this great achievement.
PBEMIEB SIGKS -f;dH-l '-.ir
t It 'was learned the agreement was
signed by Premier Uoyd George, Aus
ten Chamberlain, Lord Birkenhead and
Winston Churchill for Britain and Ar
thur Griffith. ..Michael Collins and
George Barton for Sinn Fein. '
BRITISH CABINET APPEOYES
Without wailing for the British and
Irish parliaments to ratify the peace
agreement signed early today by the
Sinn Fein and British delegates. Brit
ish Officialdom this afternoon regarded
Irish peace as an accomplished fact.
ending centuries of strife. ,
Belief was expressed this evening that
the Bail Eireann and the British parlia
ment would be sitting simultaneously
next week and, would ratify the agree
ment about the same time. A new pro
visional government at Dublin will be
operative immediately.
The British cabinet has already unan
imously approved the agreement ; so has
King George.- '
Ulster province is given the option of
entering the Irish Free State, as Ireland
will be known. 'Or maintaining he pres
ent status. . . -
CALLED "BOMBSHELL"
The news of the settlement was re
ceived at Dublin with satisfaction. The
terms were described at Belfast as "a
bombshell," especially as regards the
agreement to withdraw British troops
from Ireland at: once.
Articles 2 and 3 of the settlement
specify, that the powers granted are
patterned , after those held by Canada
and provide for a governor general, sim
ilarly appointed .as in the case of Can
ada.' , i .'
Ulster has been invited to e'nter the
free state. In case. Ulster chooses to
remain out, a boundary commission will
be appointed to fix the Sinn Fein-Ulster
frontier.
The official : text of the settlement
comprises - 18 : articles amounting to
2000 words. . i '
Under the peace terms the Irish Free
State will enjoy wide autonomous pow
era. The chief conditions were outlined
by an official source as follows:
Ireland will have power to levy tariffs
against all nations, including England
and Ulster.
Ireland will recognise' the British war
debt and her own responsibility for pay
ment, of part of it. I .
Britain will withdraw her military
forces from Ireland, as soon as possible
FREEDOM FOB PRISONERS
The Irish will acclaim allegiance to
King George as head of the association
of nations forming the. British common
wealth. - ;
Interned .Sinn Fein prisoners will be
released. ; - -
Britain will make adjustment for past
overtaxation In Ireland and allow for
damage to Irish property in the past
three years. '
Ireland is given' authority to estab
lish an 'army In proportion to. her popu
lation. ... j
Ulster may enter the Irish Free State
with full powers of an equal province
of United Ireland. -
Interference with educational or re
ligious liberties or endowments in either
North or South Ireland is prohibited.
In the event Ireland Votes herself out
of the association of nations, she loses
her fiscal and military autonomy rights.
Safeguards to be established in Ulster
for protection of the , Roman Catholic
population.
WOULD BUILD SHIPS -
Ireland permits the use of her harbors
for British warships, but Ireland is
permitted to begin building ships fcr
the protection of her customs and fish
eries. The conditions can be revised at the
end of five years if Ireland desires.
The terms of the peace agreement will
be effective twelve months from De
cember 5. 1921, in the event they are
duly ratified, r
The agreement terms are now under
consideration at Belfast.
Arthur Griffith and G. Gavan Duffy.
two of the Sinn Fein peace delegates,
called on Premier - Lloyd George this
afternoon. 4 -
The -agreement also revived the belief
that Lloyd George will be able to leave
for Washington Saturday.
A further test of the wariness of the
clever premier will be made when he
goes before- the parliament.
Numerous -' Individuals for political
reasons, will seek to frustrate the slight
est infringement of England's authority.
to oppose his stand. However, it seemed
most probable that none will have the
nerve to seriously challenge him on
the eve of what ia probably his greatest
success. It is thought- any attempt at
revolt will only be temporary. The re
sult will undoubtedly be a further
strengthening of the Uoyd George power.
London, Dec. .. L N. S.) Premier
Uoyd George today cabled to A. J. Bal
four, acting head of the British delega
tion to the Washington conference, ask
ing if his presence was necessary at
Washington. ; j
NEWS OF NEW AGREEMENT i
IS' RECEIVED IN DCBLIX
Dublin, Dec. L N. &) Release
within a few Bays of 4000 Sinn Feiners
interned In British detention camps as
a result of the Irish peace agreement
was expected today. 1
. The agreement may not be submitted
to Dalit, Eireann ton ratification until
next week.' a
B, J. Duggan, one: of the Sinn Fein
peace delegates, and Desmond Fitzger
ald, official press representative of tbe
Sinn Fein, delegation, are expected here
this evening with a copy of the agree
ment for Eamonn de Valera.
News of the agreement reached Dublin
so late there was only time for tbe bare
announcement in the late editions of the
morning papers. There was a noticeable
increase in public - optimism, . however,
and -Sinn Fein adherents said that tae
people had full confidence- in Arthur
Griffith and Michael Collins to protect
the country's political aspirations, i .
ULSTER CAST INTO GLOOM
BY NEW PEACE CONDITIONS
Belfast. .Dec t. (U.' P.) Premier
James Craig announced to the Ulster
parliament that the Sinn Fein-British
peace-agreement had been received. The
cabinet will discuss the pact this eve
ning.
Ulster parliament was- in session at
city ball when the courier arrived. Sir
James Craig telegraphed ' to Premier
Lloyd George asking that formal publl
cation, of the -terms be held up until
I after the Ulster cabinet considers them
Sir James Craig announced that the
cabinet would consider the Irish peace
agreement tonight. '
The Ulsterists were cast lata gloom
by the conditions, i . ,":
IRELAND WOCLD BE JUfOWST ;
'" AS -IRISH FREE STATE"
Birmingham. England.' Dec l Ire
land, inder the peace settlement signed
by representatives of the ; British and
Sinn Fein governments, win be known ?
as the rirlsh Free State,' Lord. Chan- .
cellor Birkenhead announced today. He
added that Ulster province Is given the
option of maintaining Its present status.
He wrote: V-?' :.-..'; y-;
Speaking before a meeting of the eon-
servative party, Birkenhead raid;- !
"After months of delicate agotiation.
we seem to have arrived at a solution of '
the Irish question. . --! .v
"The representatives or the government ,
and Sinn Fein have set their names to a
document representing a sane and rea-'.
sonable settlement, insuring the safety '
of Great Britain -and Ireland," . ..
The provisions of the agreement- as i
outlined by Birkenhead are:
1. The new dominion Is to be known as
The Irish Free State." - u,,-: ' '
2. It is to have the same status aa Can- -
ada. Australia, New Zealand, and-South
Africa, with one reservation. '
3. In matters of finance the free state
government will rule supreme. "
4. The new government must pay. her
portion of the national war det.. , .
6. Sinn Fein must give reasonable guar
antee to the South Ireland Unionist mi
nority. '
. It Ulster dnea not wish to loin the free
state, she may retain her own status, the l
chancellor declared, in that case, sne
will aubmit to the ruling of a boundary
commission, which will determine . the
boundary line between the Irish free
state and Ulster. H
If parliament does not sanction .these
terms, Birkenhead predicted the 'govern
ment would go before the people on the
issue and submit It to a general election.
SINN FEIN PARLIAMENT WILL -'
REJECT PLAN, LOCAL IRISH SAY
The agreement reported attained to
day In London by British and Irish dele
gates on terms for Irish peace never
will be ratified by the Sinn Fein parlia
ment, according to ould sod sons . in
Portland who are keeping close tab on
developments. ' : I .
Here is the clause, agreed upon by the
delegates, that will block settlement,
says D. W, Lane: . t-
"Ireland will acclaim allegiance to
King George on terms acceptable to the
royal house." .
"Ireland, although it would get home
rule," said Lane, "would not agree to
allegiance under the British figurehead, .
Ireland will fly its own flag."
Future developments will reveal, he
said, that something was amiss some
where when the Irish delegates agreed
to this terra. ' 1
SENATORS ABE SHY ON
HARDING TARIFF POLICY
Washington, Dec. (U. P.) Repub
llcan senators generally pronounced the .
president's message a "strong docu
ment," but with few exceptions indorse
ment of his suggested tariff policy was
withheld! Democratic leaders Sharply
rapped the message.
. Senator - Polndexter, Washington,
said:
- "The message gives congress an ad
mirable working program. The presi
dent's suggestion as to labor legislation
is very sound in principle. I agree that
a strike, especially in transportation, la
just as destructive as warfare,"
Senator Smoot, Utah: -
"It was a most admirable message,
especially regarding the tariff." r
Senator Hitchcock, Nebraska:
"The president's ' lecture of the agri
cultural bloc was the outstanding feature
and indicated a forthcoming policy to
discipline the. unruly, boys. It Is the
first Indication of executive impatience."
Senator McNar, Oregon :
"I was greatly pleased with' the rec
ommendations for reclamation.' I agree
with much the president said concern
ing 'labor. I am iot sure of the science
of his tariff scheme. It may be work
able. It may be all right as an ex
periment, but should not supplant a
permanent tariff policy." '
KALAMA MARRIAGE LICENSES'
Kalama, Wash., Dec. . Auditor Davis
Issued marriage licenses to Fred Holmes,
Portland, and Nellie Gorden, Woodland,
Wash. ; Robert Munsell, Camp Lewis, and
Anna westrau, stiver Lake ; Elmer Rad
ford, Gresham, Or., and Myrtle Clapp,
Vancouver, Wash.
HAZELWOOD
LAYER CAKES
'Chocolate, Pineapple, Cocoa-
nut, Orange, Cherry, Walnut
and Devilsfood
70 each.
We are also featuring
1 a delicious t
LADY BALTIMORE CAKE
! $1.00 each
This fine cake is filled with
walnuts and maraschino cher
ries rbaked in two layers and
covered; with .a maraschino
fnarshmallow icing. ' - f '' X
HAZELWOOD DAIRY
STORE
.126 Tenth St
BROADWAY HAZElJ. f
7 WOOD PASTRY
DEPARTMENT T ,
127 Broadway
U
)