THE OREGOU SUKDAY 'JOURNAL, POET LAND. SUNDAY MORNING., AUGUST 21. 1C21.
0 DEW RESULT
III DEVELOPING OE
WHEAT ACHIEVED
Visit to Sherman County Branch
j Experiment Station Is Made by
, Superintendent Stephens.
better; wheat and more of it is purpose
For ona of his recent stories Zana
Grey chose the ' seemingly ; paradoxical
but striking; title. "The : JDeaert of
Wheat" The getting for this story ap
propriately, could, nv been anywhere
in Sherman county, for this county now
An veritably a desert of -wheat. After
a trip by automobile ' up the beautiful
Columbia highway, the arerare Willam
ette valley inhabitant te Impressed with
the dry; desert tika appearance of the
rolling- hills of Eastern Oregon, at this
time of year a jcray and sold checker
board of ftummer fallow and wheat.
A party comprised of Messrs. J. K
Weatherford of Albany, C U ' Hatrtey
and Jefferson Myers of Portland, in the
official capacity of a committee of tha
board of regents of the Oreson Agricul
tural college, had the pleasure of mak
ing this trip recently for the purpose of
inspecting the Hood River and Sherman
county branch experiment stations.
After leaving; tins Incomparably beau
tiful Hoed River valley and spending
. the evening at Pat Foley's hostelry at
The Dalles, the trip to Moro was made
by automobile, in the early: morning.
Upon . arrival at Moro the party was
n Stephens, who explained the work
of; the Sherman county branch txperU
roent station and the results accom
plished. -:
M AIJT DBT 'jJUX CBOP f ' -
Under arid and semi-arid conditions,
wheat has always been a leading agri
cultural crop. , In Eastern Oregon, where
the annual precipitation varies from I to
20 Inches, wheat has been found to be
the farmer's best paying; crop. In view
of this, the station workers have devoted
a. treat deal of time to finding out the
best varieties of wheat to grow., to pro
' ducing high yielding and more disease
Resisting varieties and to determining
the best methods of sell cultivation to
get maximum wheat yields.- t-.:.-
Throurh tha office of cereal Investiga
tion of the United States Department of
-: Agriculture, which maintains tha Sher
man county branch station cooperatively
wiin tne uregon Agricultural experiment
station, practically every known variety
of wheat in the world has been obtained
and tried out at Moro. This year in his
TiiipaAw Mw. Af A-vn1mAnrol M.I. Sit.
perintendent Stephens has more than 800
varieties r of wheat e-rowinr. Similar
. work is also beinr dsns with harleva anil
, oats but not on as extensive a scale as
DISCOVERIES ABE MADE
.In the varietal testing and -wheat im
' provement work, several Important dis
coveries have been made - which have
proved of great value to dry farmers of
Eastern Oregon. Superior strains of
Turkey, wheat.- notably ' Kharkov and
Turkey No. 1671," have . been found . to
yield from three to four bushels mere
than commonly grown winter wheat Va
rieties for an average of nine years.
- These varieties have been distributed to
farmers by the station and a large part
Of the immense aerear of Ta.kra wh.it i
now grown In' Sherman county is from
aed originally distributed f rem tha sta
tion.. Normally Sherman county -produces
from 2.000,006 'to S.OOaoOO bnshels
r of wheat, more than 2,000,000 bushels of
which is Turkey,. It Is safe to state that
the yield of Turkey wheat in Sherman
county has been increased at least 10
per cent by the introduction of superior
strains by the station. This means to
the farmers air annual net gain of $280,-
-A .L . . 1 M . .
for winter wheat ;
-. Eastern Oregon produces a great deal
more winter wheat than Spring ' wheat
Tha, production of spring wheat, how
ever. Is quite important because spring
. wheat, though not as profitable as win-
ter wheat, must occasionally be grown
. beckuse of adverse, autumn conditions
which prevent . the planting of , winter
Wheat In the spring wheat varietal
trials at Moro, some new wheats im
- ported from Australia have proved to be
exceptionally high ylelders.
HUNDREDS OF HTBRIDS "
In the wheat breading nursery at the
Moro station there are hundreds of new
hybrids and selections under test which
promise to be even better than the best
varieties now on trial. It takes from six
to seven years of careful work to Pro-
puce a new wheat by hybridisation and
then six years mora to test it for yield
before its real value can be accurately
determined. This makes necessary a
great amount of careful, painstaking
work, but that such work really pays the
farmer has been amply demonstrated by
mis branen station,
, Plants, like animals, are subject to die.
ease. The most serious wheat disease m
the i Western states is bunt, or stinking
smut This disease is so prevalent that
every farmer must take tha precaution to
Ca refill ly treat or disinfect his seed be
fore planting ;. with some spore-killing
fungicide like copper sulphate or formal-
tfehyde. .
EXPERIMENTS IX
The practice of summer fallowing in
growing wheat has been followed by
farmers, in Eastern Oregon for about SO
, years. : There is yet, however, no agree
ment among farmers as to the best meth
ods of cultivation, to conserve moisture
and make available the right amounts of
plant food to produce maximum yields of
wheat (Whether It pays to disk the stub
ble ground in the fall or in the spring or
not disk it at all; whether it pays- to
plow deep, medium deep or shallow
whether it pays to frequently cultivate
the summer fallowed ground after plow-
111
-t
l i.
I, i -s.-? .;:,-:'--;vi-"--:'iv.Wv-.. -s v .
- f i
; v z if in)
1
Us.
AooYe, Moro branch Ration. Below, members of board
; aeento and otberti at Moro station. , v ", -
of ' rcgenta of, Oregon AtTlcultural oollctre, county
plowed, April 1,
ing ; whether ft pays to use subsurface or
surface packers, are only a few of the
disputed questions among farmers in this
section.- Ths Shermani county c branch
station now haa J available accurate data
Of yields of winter wheat obtained after
many different methods Of soil cultiva
tion, including different dates and depths
of ; plowing and different - methods of
handling summer-' -fallow. -Some really
striking and important discoveries have
been made in this connection' which re
now being rapidly adopted by farmers of
this section. As a concrete example, be
fore the station, demonstrated that it did
not pay, nearly all farmers of Eastern
Oregon harrowed winter wheat in the
spring. In Sherman county alone there
are usually about 120,000 acres' of win
ter wheat which tha farmers used to bar
row at a cost of about IS cent an acre
and at a reduction in yield of about two
bushels of wheat ' ..
perhaps one of the most valuable dis
coveries mads by the station in connec
tion with correct tillage methods for
growing wheat is the fact that higher
yields of winter wheat are nearly always
obtained after early spring-plowed sum
mer fallow. ' The following figures give
the average yields of Winter wheat ob
tained during the past nine years in the
date of plowing experiments on the sta
tion.
AYEHAGE TIE LPS
After summer fallow
SO bushels per acre; after summer fal-
Dew plowed. May 1, 284 bushels per acre ;
after summer tallow piowea, June l, x.f
bushel per acre : after I summer fallow
plowed early n tne ran wnen uie son is
dry. 27.fi bushels per acre : after summer
fallow, plowed late in the fall when the
soil is wet 3i.l bushels per acre. - r
ft In addition to finding out yields from
different methods ei cultivation, accu
rate'' daWt r "being compiled upon ths
moisture content of the soli for depth of
six feet as Influenced by different cul
tural treatments. In this connection also
it has been found that tha plant foods of
the soil, especially nitrate-nitrogen, vary
greatly with tha different cultural treat
ments and are anquesuonamy -a tig zae
tor in influencing wheat! yields. During
the past two yeanf a trained chemist has
been employed to maka nitrate deter
mtnations- and It is expected some valu
able Information will soon be available
on how different - metnods of nanaiins;
the sol) will influence the accumulation
of nitrate-nitrogen In the soil and how
this In turn will influence the yields and
quality of winter wheat j '
Sleepy Juror O.Ks v
Verdict to Hang
Poplar Bluff, Mo Augl 20.L N. S.)
jtaop Aslop was on trial for ..alleged theft
Of hogs. The Jury had sweltered through-,
out the day as testimony was' presented.
One member was so- drowsy when the
talesmen retired to deliberate that he fell
aslespvTha 11 other Jurors decided the
fate of Aslop, "John. - said the foreman
of tha jury, awakening tha slumbering
talesman, we have decided to bans
Aslop, What do you ' think about itr
"Suits meV. drawled John, yawning
"but let the execution be delayed until
Aslop finishes his crop.! - Aslop was ac
quitted. ;j-Vs-b ;-v -
Fair Weatlier Is
Promised for. Coast
L iU. P. '
! to 27 Incl
Albany; Collector Wins Fame
"n, . . ', st h h :n : st h ' ' H
Finds Rare Fossil Remains
OKI Fill SEES
VAST CHAIJGES Hi
HIS HAM NORWAY
P. A. Finseth Returns From Trip
' to Old Country; Depression In
Business Follows War Activity.
Many changes toward progress and
modernisation were dpservsd by P. A.
Flaseth. prominent Dallas merchant on
his first visit to his native Norway since
he landed la Oregon tt years eg. Fin
seth returned Thursday night after an
absence of four months. Ha found many
relatives at his home town -. of
Trondhienv but spent much time at
Christian la, capital of the Scandinavian
Kingdom
"Prohibition has had a peculiar affect
on Norway's fishing industry,' Flnaeth
said. -Although 'prohibition' .Is by no
means so drastic as It Is in America, it
Is Illegal to buy or sell spirituous bev
erages, light wines' and bears being al
lowed, Spain formerly supplied most
of tha strong drink consumed by the
Norwegians and also bought Norwegian
fislt Now that Importations of liquor
are under tha ban. Spain has practically
boycotted Norwajrs flsh.
"I found the people of Norway living
just about tha same as wa do in Amer
ica, They wear good clothes, eat good
food, live la good houses and enjoy the
rood entertainments that Americana do.
They think about tha same things and
have the same hopes. Norway prospered
through the war period and high wages
the rula. What happened hero
ben tha period of readjustment came
about is happening there trade is only
fair. Tha workmen spent most of the
summer on a general strike 'which
started with the shipping Industry be
cause of threatened wage reductions and
spread, through sympathy, to almost all
tha trades and craits.
Although people aro spending .freely.
they are not entering into new obliga
tions until they find out when and how
the business depression Is going to be
relieved, Hates of exchange make im
ports from America difficult and alow
and there Is little foreign buying. ' '
"Norway depends mostly upon its fish
ing and Ha lumber industries for pros
perity. Both' these are down now but
tha Impression is that times ara getting
better. ,
HOrSIKG COKDITI05S POOB
.- "Just as la America, housing condi
tions hi the cities are unfavorable, tha
cost of building being so high that tha
people . cannot afford to build new
homes. - .
"Norway Is now trying to capitalise
another industry the tourist industry.
It Is only recently that It was discov
ered, or appreciated, rather, what won
derful attractions tha mountains . and
forests and fjords hold out to the tourist
Some of the most . magnificent scenery
In Bur pa is to bo' found there, second
only to tha Alpine scenery of Swttser
land. New Norway Is advertising these
wonder sights at! over Europe and tour
ists aro eoming there by thousands. .
Flnseth visited In Sweden. Denmark
and England during his' European, trip
and returned to Oregon through Canada,
topping first at New Tork to ate what
tho merchandise markets were offering.
Parts of Illinois ;
And Wisconsin Get
Heal Hard Ducking
-Chicago, Aug, IN. 8. North
ern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin are
"drying out today- after one of the most
severs rainstorms la recent years, light
nlng accompanied the rata and caused
further damage by striking down and
causing numerous fires. No toes tt life
hAs been reported. -
In parts of Wisconsin tha storm bor
dered oa a tornado. A building at tha
golf clnb In Madison collapsed and in
jured several caddies. The towns of
Waterford. Burlington. Brewaslake and
Elkhom were darkened, when tho storm
crippled tha lighting service.
In Chicago hundreds of basements
were flooded and viaducts were man
dated. Basement cells in the Kngiewood
police station were flooded and prisoners
had to bo removed. Electric light and
telephone service ware demoralised in
many sections of ' the city. A scort of
fires ara attributed to bolts of lightning
BAV. RACKS SEKYICEflASraorSCXD
Vancouver, Wash Aug. JO. Chaplain
Bertoti T. Bronsoa will hold Sunday
morning ssoicta at tho barracks at 10
o'clock in Service Club No. U KU as
moo topic la, "Camping on Dangerous
Orounda." According to tha latest Infor
mation, tho Chaplains 8ervico school,
which Chaplain Bronson will attend this
fall, will open September 20 at Camp
Knox. Ky.. continuing for 12 weeka. :
Broken Heart Said v
To Be Young King's
" Most Serious HI
. . ... By 5ewtea C Parts
Parts, Aug. L N- .5-) Romance
injected today into the mystery that
veils- tho illaesa of young King Alexander.-
- .
A report gained circulation that Alex
ander's Illness is due to his being jilted
by Princess Sophia, eldest daughter oi
tha Duke of Vendor, member of the Or- "
leans family. This story came on tha
pee la of an official denial by the Serbian
legation of reports that Alexander was
engaged to marry Sophie,
Acting Minister Tankovttcb oeciaroa
that tho king never aaw Princess Sophie.
Ha refused to add anything to this state
ment, although it to well known to newe
paperaea in ParU that Alexander did
meet her at Dtvonno-les-Balnea and was.
sees with her frequently. , - ' v.
When tt was first reported that they
were engaged, no contradiction was made
in official Serbian circles. Later It was
rumored that tha princess had broken off
the engagement and that Alexander was
"broken-hearted."
The princess could not bo Iocs led to
day. Alexander's physdana denied all
stories that he Is suffering from any poi
son. They added to the mystery, how
ever, by denying tha report of the lega
tion that ha waa operated an yesterday.
Again, the legation mystified inquirers
with a statement that tha kiag'a kidney
trouble has been complicated by ether,
ailments, "without, however, revealing
what these ailments ara.
Tho king's doctors declared he had
passed a good night.
J. G. Crawford, at Age of 71, Has
Time and Energy to Make Im
portant Scientific Discoveries.
Washington, Aug. 20.
ly forecast August 22
Pacific states Generally
and normal temperature.
Week
inclusive
fair weather
Turtle Packs Name
On Back 42 Years
Sclo, Ohio, Aug. 20, (U. P.) W. E.
Cunningham, local merchant, cut his
name on a turtle in 187i. The turtle has
been found by a resident! near tha spot
where the knife was used on Its back.
servie
Those who smeh our
discover that we are competent
to arrange A details. W
discharge tthe responsibility . in
a highly satisfactory manner
I MILLER & TRACY
Main 2691 Independent Funeral Directors. Aul 57&5
VYer-hlngta at t2 Zu Cot. Tw,Ueth anj Twenty-Hrit St.. Vt I4e
Harrisburg, Or., " Aug. 20. Known to
the faculty at the Smithsonian institute
and to half a dosen other famous insti
tutions as an enthusiastic, collector of
fossil remains, 3. O. Crawford la Still
intent on his life's hobby.
He was born in Hancock county, Illi
nois, in. 1850, 'and . came to Oregon In
1152, settling In Albany, where ha has
lived ever since. Ife is a photographer
by profession, but, his heart . is 'in his
research work.
Among his more Important discoveries
may bo mentioned ths perfect ekutl of
the Mesopledon Blpends .beaked whale.
of which rare mammal there is only one
other fragment in tha United States, and
that 4a not very perfect. For the whale's
skull. Crawford was highly commended
by many eminent soplogists all over the
country. His . researches near Albany
have led htm to uncover the mysterious
mounds found in that vicinity with the
consequence that he established the fact
that the early inhabitants of this coun
try were pnaiiic worenippers ana can
nibals. ' Also he found a atone mortar
peculiarly flattened, of which it is said
tnat mere ui omy one outer apecunen
in this hemisphere. The mortar is of an
old Brastltan pattern.
Perhaps Crawford a most amazing dis
covery is a human skull, of which only
three fragments, are preserved and
which, according to the measurement
of local savants, is lower in" type than
tha famous - Pithecanthropus Erectus.
Should . this be definitely proved the
consequences will be far reaching, as
every student may guess. The matter is
in the hands of the Smithsonian inetl
tute, to whom the skull has been sent
Crawford may later publish a book on
his discoveries. ,- , ., ..,. , . ; .
Briand's Intention
To Attend Conference
Is Cause of Protest
By Had tea tfawley
United News Staft Corapoodoat. -
i Paris, Aug. 20. Premier Brland-s re
ported decision to attend the 4 Washing
ton armament conference has brought
out vigorous protests from his friends
and enemies who declare that there are
"serious reasons" from the French view.
point why tho premier should not leave
the country. - -
George Lelchartier, for years the Petit
Parisian's correspondent at tha American
capital, and now editor of the Journal
des Debate, is one of those who reiter
ates a strong warning against the trip.
After declaring that the foreign office
refuses' to confirm or deny Brland's
Intention to attend, he gees on to say :
"A denial was to have been' wished for.
We have already shown many of the
reasons which, from French viewpoint,
out to dissuade him- from going. Tho
United States desires above all to avoid
at the coming conference everything that
would recall the errors of the . Paris
conference. And - the greatest ' error of
that meeting was the gathering of the
heads of etatos to solve directlA without
consulting thslr own. governments of
public opinion at home, these questions,
of national and world wide Interest.
There is, besides.' the natural handicap
of tho premier' ignorance of the English
language, and the setting of the confer
ence In tho midst of Anglo-Saxon ' sur
roundings where the principal interested
parties will be English." , ;., v
Barnum . Was Eight; ;
One Every Mmuto
" i w - ;-,....'.,- i
' Springfield. Mass., Aug. 24 Bamuin't
contention that there Is one born every
minute" .was 'given some confirmation
here recently. John H.BakeUi of this
city was induced by- two atrangers to
deposit 2500 in a. "money making mar
chine." - equipped with numerous . cogs,
wheels and crank a-- The machine was
also fed some "blank pPr. Sakelll wag
told that in an hour the machine would
turn out 11000 in bona fide legal tender.
The strangers had departed ttt the end of
the hour ao had John's 2506.
J. G. CRAWFORD
Golfers, Attention!
Here Is New Excuse
' Kansas City, Aug. 20. Out of a crowd
of 1S2 motorists, alleged traffic, violat
ors, only 1 offered "an original excuse
in Judge Edward Fleming's court here
F. C. Mueller, a municipal park golfer,
offered the original alibi which "scored"
with the court. "I had one light on my
car," Mueller told the court, "because
some punk golfer hit my, headlight with
a misdirected shot" "That's . good
enough to win your -discharge." Judge
Fleming announced.
English Language -
favored by Bavaria
Iondon, Aug. 20. l n. S.) At a re
cent sitting of the Bavarian lantag the
education minister stated that English
would be the favored language ia Ger
many. Further action waa taken against
the French . language - by recommending
that in-the southern district of Germany
Spanish or Italian should be tho second
language, French being excluded x alto
gether from tha school currleulum.
Vienna Sees Drop in
High Cost of Living
Vienna, Aug. 20. (L N. S.) Has Yl
enna's soaring H. C I reached the sen
1th? anxiously inquires the Vienna Neue
Freie Presse, In proclaiming the good
news that for the first time in years a
turn has eoras n price C Potatoes and
sugar ara cheaper ; there are indications
that other foodstuffs ill Ssil,
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r . . Regular Price $1028
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