10
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. PORTLAND. OREGON
TUESDAY. JUNE 21. 1C21.
-I
- AW 1XDBPEMDKWT KEWKPAPEK
I Be calm, be confident, fc eWrfu) sad de ante
s yrm would nsro litem a unvo you.
Sublisead erery met day and Knndajr JnorninJ
at TM Joarml bwildins, jfraeaway ana am-
nm rtrsrt. Portmml. I' farm.
ifiuinl at the poatofflee at Portland, Oregoo,
for inmMti throws tha auils aa second
tUsj matvr.
4x,LU'HU.NM Main 7 1 7 8, Automatic 0-6U
iH departments reached by tixae narabgr.
iinil.NAL AUVtBTlalNU ItEFBESENTA
TJVE Beniamtn Kentnor Co., Hruaswick
buldio(, 32ft Fifth stease, Kw; Tort; 00
MUlrn rnnnitns, i;hmm
IrACIiHJ ('OAST KK.PIiVXi-lNTATIVli W. H.
3araner Co.. Eumiorr bnikiinaY San Fraa-
' eraco; TUt insurance mbuiubs, ixa, ancetes;
yot-intemaenceT ptiiklms. Meatus.
iiiS OfUj4JX JOUKNAJL, rawnc tha riht to
reject advertising oopy Which it dirnu ob
- Jecttonabie, It also win not print any copy
that in aoy way simulates reading matter or
,,: that eaaaot readily be recognized M adrcr
twing. - -: j
SUBtlCaiPTlON RATES
By Carrier. City and Country
PAIL.T AND SLTNDAT
OM woet .14
On month, . . . . $ .83
! DAILY
Ana Mk . .....$ .1ft
On. month. .... .45
8CNDAT '
One week......! .05
ST HAIL. ALL RATES PAT ABLE IN ADVANCK
DAILY A D Hl.NDAI
One year.. . .
,.0O
Three month...! 2.25
lux months... .
.2
Dm month. .
.78
DAILY -(Without
Sunday)
Oua year .00
"t months.,... 8.25
Three month., 1.7S
One month. . , . . .80
WEEKLY
Every Wednesday)
"has year. . . . . .8 LOO
Six months..... .60
orNDAT
(Only)
On y' .....
Mis months. ...
$8.00
I.TS
Three moo tha, . . 1.00
i -
WEEKLY AND
?'.-- SUNDAY .
One year. . . . . . tt.50
Tha. ratxe apply only in in west.
Rates to Eastern points furniahed on applica
tion. Make remittances by Money Order. Express
Order or Draft. II your postoffiee is not a
aloney Order office. 1 or Z-eent stamps will be
accepted. Make alt remittances payable to The
Journal, Portland, Oregon.
The happiness of your hfe depends upon
.the quality of your thought. Marcus Ait
ratios.
PLUCKED COAL CONSUMERS
WITH the Frelinghuysen bill,
compelling coal ; operators to
submit production costs and Belli. g
prices to the government,, before, the
senate, the operators seem destined
to lose the strenuous fight they have
made to withhold all Information of
the coal business from the public.
The bill will undoubtedly -pass, and
with' its enactment the federal gov
ernment will be in position to apply
greater regulatory measures for the
protection of the coat buying public
if more drastic regulations are justi
fied by the facts
Coal deposits were Yormed in the
bowels of ' the earth : for the ' ben
efit of all mankind. They were
placed there by nature in its great
scheme of things in preparation for
the coming of man, JJust as soil, for
ests, changing seasons, water, and
other minerals were provided for the
sustenance of millions of people.
; It was never . intended that any
group or groups of men should be in
position to stay the natural pro
cesses of coal production and distri
bution. 'It was never intended that
the world's coal or even a country's
coal should be appropriated to the
selfish purposes and; sole gain of a
small body of men. It was never in
tended that a few individuals should
wield control over the supply of coal,
"and through that control gouge the
public for tremendous prices for the
product.
But that is exactly what has hap
r pened lnthe United States. -
It has been established that the
annual - production.; of coal !fhv this
country is about 650.000.000 (tons.
'The underground j supply is: abun
dant in fact almost inexhaustible.
There are men to mine it.
But the people of this country,
in spite of the supplv. and in spite of
the manpower to bring it to the
earth's surface, have on occasions
suffered from lack of fuel, and when
they did get it they were compelled
to pay a staggering price. Even the
government of the United i States,
when it was in dire need of fuel, was
. forced to pay a coal operator a'com
mission of 60 cents a ton to get it.
. Coal mined for three or four dol
lars a ton has cost the consumer
from lis to $20 a ton. Frequently
four or five times the cost of pro
duction has been the selling price,
Bituminous coal which before the
war sold for $1.50 now costs from
13.50 to $15 a ton, and anthracite
that sold at the mine before the war
for $3.50 n ton, now sells for $8 to
$20.V;;,;:;:.-;-.;V-i... j i.w..,.,. .
It has been publicly stated on' the
: floor of congress that there has been
profiteering in coal. Interstate Com
merce Commissioner Altchison told
a congressional committee that he
had no doubt that there was profit-
eering, and added :: that in fall his
business experience he had never
seen so much "double-crossing and
manipulation as In thle coal business
in this country. But when the gov
ernment asked the coal operators for
figures relative to costs and to production,-
the operators,, refused! to
give them, and went to court to se
cure an injunction preventing the
federal trade commission from ob
taining their books.
Itr is apparent hat the coal " re
sources of the country cannot longer
te entrusted to tha , coal operators
tor uncontrolled exploitation. ?I is
tpparent that the federal govern
nen must so regulate the operators
a to assure the public aa adequate
supply of its own coal at reason
able prices.- The coal operators are
merely entitled to a reasonable profit
for mining the coaL and their action
la the past is sufficient cause for a
government control which congress
now' promises to Impose.
A party of " 50 young men and j
women tinder the auspices of Com
munity Service picnicked last Sun
day on the- shores of Oswego lake.
It -was by local residents said to be
the first part that has visited the
lake and left the picnic .rounds, in
better condition than it found them.
IN REVOLT
THE ) harvest of excessive taxes,
passed along by the various levy
ing bodies of the state, is to be reaped
by the public school system of Port
land. The Reaction from the tre
mendous costs, built up indiscrimi
nately, has set in, and in its fury it
threatens even the Institutions which
are cornerstones of our state and our
social order. ' i ; ,'
The.f 8 mill levy for the public
schools of this , city 'should not have
been defeated. Portland is in need
of additional school buildings whose
erection -has for years been post
poned.' Present structures are over
flowing.. Certainly space and the ad
vantages of education are not to be
denied. Portland's youth.
But with a suspended building
program still x uninitiated, $950,000
of the income provided for the
schools last year was lopped off by
vote of the people.' ' It was lopped
off as a protest against present taxes,
just as the fire bonds were defeated
a little more than a week before as
a protest against recurring and un
necessary baby bond Issues.
The people of Oregon are In re
volt against taxes. There is Immi
nent danger that they will not dis
criminate , between j the necessary
taxes and: the unnecessary, but will
defeat every measure which is pro
posed and which contemplates the
expenditure of funds, regardless of
purpose and return.5 -
The revolt is the heritage of a
crushing tax.rate. It is a public sen
timent that; will only be tempered
and will only Spare the necessary
measures when governments are
stripped to the bone and appropria
tions are made for none other than
the most pressing needs.
Are tax levying bodies warned by
what has happened ?
One hundred and twenty years ago
the British admiralty planted 100,000
oaks in order to assure a supply of
sturdy timbers for the construction
of men of war. When the oaks had
reached their maturity steel alone
was considered fit material for fight
ing vessela In another ! hundred
years wj.ll air fighting have rendered
all war vessels obsolete or will war
Itself be abandoned as an act of
barbarism unworthy of civilized
peoples? ; V: 1' !
A FAILURE
HAS anyone noticed a reduction
in the number . of murders and
murderous assaults In the state of
Oregon in the last year? Has any
one recorded the great saving in life
that was to have followed the re
enactment of the capital punishment
law? . ; . : y: - j j;-;.;.. ,
There were two murders and one
near-murder In Portland last week.
Portland has practically averaged a
murder a, month since January.
There 'have been recurring assaults
on life. : ; ;:l , . :.
" From other parts of the' state
comes frequent word ,of a murder
on a lonely road, of a murder In a
cabin, or of a murder or attempted
murder somewhere else. As a pre
ventive of murder, 'the capital pun
ishment law is a distinct failure.
There will be those to argue that
the law has not been, applied with
sufficient frequency, that those con
victed of first degree murder have
not gone to the gallows. But why
haven't they gone? f For the simple
reason that the juries repeatedly re
fuse to recommend, capital punish
ment. - : - j s -iX-.:
In some cases leniency has been
recommended because there was ap
parently some doubt in the minds
of jurors as to the transcendent guilt
of the accused. f. But will there be
one to argue that a man's life should
be taken, when there Is a possibility
of mistake? And haven't' there
been repeated ' cases tin which j the
mistake has been discovered after
the innocent victim! has spent years
in jail? j ; .
The death penalty does not deter.
But the assurance that every man
who commits murder will receive a
penalty would deter. .
. Oil production; like other things
in life, seems to swing from one ex
treme to another, j The news that
petroleum wells are" turning salt in
heated Mexico is followed by the
announcement of an immense oil
field in the Arcyc region along the
Mackenzie river. So far the. most
certain way of reaching the new oil
field is by airplane, $1000 a ticket.
but transportation facilities capable
oi nanaung tne output are promised
THE BUILDING OWNERS
TWO AND A : HALF BULLION
X DOLLARS of capital invested in
office buildings Is represented in the
convention of office building .owners
and managers which began sessions
in Portland today. , i ; .
The delegates come from B0 prin
eipal cities in America and Canada.
They represent one of the great con
structive factors in human ' affair.
They provide shelter and floor space
for the vast and complicated activi
ties that keep tha world of finance?
commerce and industry in motion.
Am is well known, the Income from
office buildings In general is very
modest in comparison with that from
other forms of investment. As low
j per cent' and not more than 4
Is a very common revenue from such
properties. They shared not, at all
in the colossal gains that came to
many other activities during tha war.
Portland is honored and gratified
to De host to such a convention.
Neither the city nor her guests will
do other than -profit from the week
of .association and acquaintance.
A center of great financial strength,
a city with an enormous back coun
try, a port of tha first magnitude, a
place noted for having, less industrial
trouble than any other in America,
a - community conspicuous for . the
high, percentage of Its home owner
ship, Portland should , present much
to interest men of the high type of
those in tht convention. f) .
Superstition through coincidence
wins its point just often enough to
be maintained in credulous minds.
Tvie Thirteen club of Marseilles left
on Friday, March 13, for Monte Carlo
in a motor numbered' V-13. At 13.
minutes past X) (13:13 According to
continental time) each staked 1300
francs on the; number 13 and each
won 40,800, or a total of 603.400 for
the 13 members of the Thirteen club.
BY SHIP - r.
"T0 ENABLE deep sea freighters to
1 pass between the : Great Lakes
and the Atlantic at the lowest trans
portation cost, is a project under In
vestigation by leading engineers in
America . and '. Canada. I The cost la
estimated at $100,000,000, and feasi
bility of the: plan is a question that
is expected to be determined within:
three months. '
The; movement of products from
place to place is one basis of civili
zation. The constant effort of man
is to cut the cost of the transit.
Waterways are particularly
turned to now because raii rates are
at a level that is almost confiscatory.
Operation of roads as the annex of
Wall street bankers instead' of legiti
mate transportation enterprises has
brought confusion and embarrass
ment to the lines and piled up rate
requirements under which traffic is
demoralized. . '
- If during all these years the carriers
had been operated as railroads by
real railroad men without meddle
some interference and juggling of
capitalization Ty the great financial
institutions, there would - be I no
watered stock on which to pay divi-
'dends, no mountains of debt created
by frenzied financiering on which to
pay Interest.: The dilemma of the
roads, the high rates and the
products rotting in fields and ware
houses because rail rates are so high
that they cannot be moved, are the
direct result of the manipulations of
men who used the carriers to gather
in unholy and enormous profits
rather than, for ' the great public
service which transportation is de
signed to render. ;
The Panama ' canal has demon
strated to tha .world the incalcula
ble.' value of water transportation.
But for it, there would today be lit
tle hope of reducing transcontinental
rates. It is because of the canal
that the big lines are proposing a cut
in rates between great water ter
minals, j.. :. 1
Portland's best hope is that she
will not let languish the great start
she has made in water transporta
tion. When the best engineering
minds of two great nations contem
plate cutting a deeper channel from
the lakes to the Atlantic at gigantic
Cost, it should be notice to Portland
that the Columbia and ships . and
steamboats are her surest and best
Interstate ; commerce i: commission.
her most powerful regulator of rates.
her most dependable means of pro
gress and prosperity. ;
' When the gas company, the elec
trie light company, the heating com
pany, the water bureau, the sewer
bureau and the - other agencies
which have a right to cut into any
body's pavement without anybody's
permission, refill their trenches, they
are apt to leave the pavement bent
downward all around j the edges of
the hole and finally replace so that
a: dish-in place considerably larger
than tthe original Incision is left to
jolt motorists. . Whose business is it
to see that they replace to the orig
inal elevation and smoothness? -
WHEN HOSPITALITT . GOVERNS
Wtrn credit men, building own
ers, social workers, graduate
nurses and Guernsey breeders in
convention within the gates of Port
land, and with man' other distin
guished gatherings a matter of recent
memory, it must be apparent jthat
Portland grows in prestige and pop
ularity as a convention city.u
The Municipal Auditorium with
its elastic facilities for meetings, large
and small, accounts in part for the
distinction. Portland's possession of
an unusual number of first rate ho
tels is another important qualifica
tion. The beauty of the city and
the multlpUed routes which by high
way, rail and boat lead to pleasure
places are undeniable assets.
But back of all these, less tangible
but not less enduring, is Portland's
hospitaUty. When the motorist from
Texas passes by, the Impulse, ' fre
quently yielded to, is to - call out
"Hello. Neighbor." When a party
of visitors goes touring the Columbia
river highway, they are. cordially
granted right of way and any other
courtesy which home folks can' show
a guest, i . .
Roses ' in hotel -rooms and the
smile of traffic officers on the cor
ner have a lot of meaning to the per
son, who comes from -afar. ' Guests
love to gather where sincere hospi
tality makes them feel at home.
Some wizard with figures has es
timated that conventions don't pay.
The funds raised , for entertainment
and other costs ; usually exceed the
amounts spent by delegates. But
this fact, if It be a fact, doesn't chill
Portland. - It merely furnishes op
porunity to show that the welcome
which comes from the heart delights
in service without thought of return.
: The Hood River gardener whose
inundated vegetables were devoured
by marauding carp has . one come
back, and that is to use the now
stranded fish as fertilizer for re
newed production. But the ware
houseman whose basement was left
full of .the fish has a chance to re
coup flood damage by packing two
or three carloads of carp in Ice and
shipping them to New York for sale
as gefultefische.
TODAY
Disgrace to the Nation
Menace to the Future
Vicious Opposition
A Public School Party
By Arthur Brisbane-
You may attract attention to a dull
subject by beginning in puzzle form.
What is most Important and . most
neglected? - r-
What is vital to everybody without
really interesting everybody?
What Is the duty of today and the
hope of tomorrow?
The answer is PUBLIC SCHOOL
EDUCATION.
.a a - ,
General Pershing, reviewing conditions
revealed In war, says:
"The illiteracy and ohvsical inferiority
of America's young men in the World
war were absolutely disgraceful."
Mental and physical inferiority go to
gether. An uneducated brain lives in a
neglected body, j
Our conscription of millions of young
Americans revealed conditions that, ac
cording to General Pershing, would
disgrace any nation in f he world."
General Pershing describes the na
tional neglect of education as dull in
difference to the country's most import
ant duty.
- a
Another report equally shocking comes
from a committee investigating public
schools in New York, richest city of the
richest country.
School buildings are out of date, un
safe and insanitary. Of 40 school build
ings investigated 21 were wretchedly
insanitary, 11 "fair" and only five
good." Of the 40 schools 21 had no fa
cility for outside play. - The richest city.
apie w supply speedways, anveways,
magnificent parks for the prosperous.
sends the school children to play in the
gutters, among trucks and filth.
And what is true of the shamefully
Indifferent richest city in the world is
true to a greater or less degree of all
our cities. : Not one proves complete
understanding of the fact that the na
tion is built in the public schools, charac
ter created there and the future made
secure or uncertain. . -
A recent report shows real estate
values alone in the state of New York
exceeding $14,000,000,000, an increase of
2, 000,000,000 within a short time. New
York is a financial sink into which gold
is pouring from the whole nation and
the whole world.
A fraction of a cent in the dollar, if
our governing system allowed property
to be fairly taxed, would provide the
best education for every child in the state
of New York, with magnificent school
buildings and good pensions for teacfters,
mall classes, well equipped laboratories,
all that the prosperous give their own in
private education.
m 9
What New York could do the whole
country could do if It would. It finds
easily enough $10,000,000,000 to help the
peoples of Europe, engaged in cutting one
another's 'throats. It finds billions to
spend on the national army and navy.
But education of children means even
more to the nation's future safety than
guns, battleships, submarines or dyna
mite. No power could ever conquer per
manently a really educated, . intelligent
nation. - -
a v . . ;
Pershing says ' the great army " of
slackers was due to brutal ignorance.
Millions of men could - not read. ' Mil
lions were diseased, vilely diseased, an
other result of ignorance.
Education is not expensive. The price
of one modern battleship would equip
properly all the public schools of New
York city. The battleship Is obsolete in
a few years. The work done by , $40,-
000.000, intelligently spent on public
school education, would benefit the
naUon forever.' Two or three 'of the
billions squandered so lightly in war
would revolutionize the nation s 6choola
The people of the United States should
understand that there is persistent, well
organized opposition to public school
education. Powerful influences : oppose
it. because they do not believe in it.
Sooner or later they will pay the penalty
of that opposition. The ignorant and
selfish 80 per cent of .wealth dislikes the
public schools - because they represent
taxation. The rich ignorant man that
educates his children privately with
millions that he has extracted from the
labor of other men's children asks him
self: l
-', "Why should I be taxed to educate
common brats while paying separately
for the eduoation-of mv own children?"
a a - a .-
This nation needs a political party
based upon the determination that every
child in the United States shall have a
thorough American public school educa
tionnot as good as any othee but
better than any other, not as good as
Lany rich man can give to his child, but
better than the individual rich man
could afford. . . f
Neglect of public schools is a disgrace
to the nation. It is a menace to the
future, and especially a menace to those
that blindly oppose free public school
education. They are piling up for them
selves, trouble that they little under
stand. Fools among them hold to the
old idea of slave owners. "Don't teach
your slaves to read."
Eighty per cent of the Russians
couldn't read, and the Russian grand
dukes thought that state of affairs quite
correct. Aslc them : what they, think
now. - Ignorant masses are always
dangerous ; intelligent, educated men,
never.;-- ... -vi.; v-;---
Curious Bits of Ihformatibn
Gleaned From Curious Places
Niagara Falls is merely the successor
to a grander cataract that . eons ago.
shook the forests about the present site
of Thorold, Ont, according to the opin
ion of several engineers who have
inspected - the excavations for - the
new Welland ship canal, r Here. ; ten
miles south of Lake Ontario,' and the
same distance west of the present water
fall, precipitous ledges : have been un
covered, over which water from Lake
Erie is thought to have poured in seek-
ing the lower leveL la support of this
theory is adduced the remarkable evi
dence of the rocks themselves, these
bearing unmistakable signs of erosion
through counUess years.
Letters From the People
TCoaamenieatiaas sent ta Tha - Journal " tor
publics. oon in thia department should be written
on eeuy on aide at the paper) snavld aoc eaoeed
100 words in hrncth, and must ba sicned by the
writer, whose mail address te full mast accom
pany the contribution. 1
"SAFE AND UNAFRAID
President Harding's Words Furnish a
Critic an Effective TexU -Oakland.
June 14. To the Editor of
The Journal Lo and behold, at last the
Republicans have a pro-German for their
national committee chairman. Isn't that
going some in the gold old U. S. A.T
What would Lincoln say. could he know
that the Republicans had a man for their
chairman who defended the German in
vasion of Belgium? It matters not how
much we might disagree with Theodore
Roosevelt on some questions, we all
agree he was a genuine American. What
do you imagine he would think If he
were here? This case connects with the
Albers case , and the Knox resolution. 1
imagine their next move will be to keep
us out of an effective league of nations.
The other day in a speech our president
ssid, "Ajnerica, safe and unafraid." At
the same time his party is talking of
voting money to build and . equip one of
the most powerful navies in the world.
If President Harding had spoken those
words and advocated going into an ef
fective league of Some kind which pro
vided for disarmament, as is provided in
the present league of nations, then we
should he proud of him. How is it possi
ble for - America to be : "safe and un
afraid," with the greatest navy in the
world,, unless -the rest of the world is1
afraid of us? - Then, if that is a fact,
those words, "safe and unafraid," run
parallel to those of the kaiser when he
satd, "Germany can whip the world."
But she didn't. America today pays $92
of every $100 it collects, for causes due
to war. Harding was elected by a party
that was pledged to economy. : Is spend
ing $500,000,000 economy? A party's
paomises are equivalent to a promissory
note. ;.. C; E. Goodman.
HARVEY IS STILL THERE
Holds Job Although Rebuked by Presi
dent and Secretary of State.
" Portland. June leVa-To the Editor of
The Journal Colonel . Harvey . finished
the work at London Which the senate
began at Washington. In a cold-blooded
manner the senate undertook to blot out
from the minds of the people of Euroie
and of the world the inspiring thought
that America entered the war and fought
the war because of a great principle in
volving liberty and justice, i Those peo
ple had been led ts believe from- an
nouncements from eminent men of all
parties in the United States, from the
pulpit and the press, that America had
entered the war "to save democracy" and
to prevent, if possible, the recurrence of
such a war. They were led to believe
from all this that the attitude of Amer
ica was spiritual and . not material.
Colonel Harvey, occupying the most' rep
resentative position in the world as the
mouthpiece and spokesman for the presi
dent and people of the United States,
blasts this hope. In unmistakable lan
guage Colonel Harvey shatters the ideal
istic picture . which had been painted-of
America's self-sacrifice in the - interest
of civilisation and humanity. . The beau
tiful picture which the American mother
has painted in her mind of the glorious
cause for which her son died, is ruthless
ly torn from her gaze and cast into ob
livion, leaving nothing for her eyes and
imagination to feast upon except a sordid
old man demanding "his pound of flesh."
President Harding ' and. Secretary
Hughes have said things since Harvey's
speech at London contradicting the idea
expressed by Harvey. . But Harvey is
still there, . occupying his post - and
thereby sustained as spokesman for the
president and the people of the United
States. It looks mightily like Harvey
was a part and parcel of the things we
voted for last fall, j B. F.Wilson.
THE RAILROADS' DEMANDS
-n ...... ..ni. TiitiJiit ii.. Piii. r
The Journal A mere astounding act of
rascality, as shown by your article in
& rannnr ixnn nf : TVia Jnumal nn the
present railroad situation, cannot be
cited in the annals ot any country, xne
low wages for these employes, and the
AntM,Min rA a Vtsi i rri salaries, riaid
their officials,. are a disgusting contrast
xne supreme court once oeciareo, w uie
Dred Scott decision, mat a oiaca man
hi, Tin rl,M thit a - whit man la
bound to respect Now it seems that a
poor man has no rights tnai tne ricn
are . bound ; to respect Henry Ford
- mot - ti Ttroi and
pays a minimum wage of $6 a day and
not only pays expenses nut naa a proni.
and does not ask the government to
guarantee him 6 per cent interest on
his investment The fact of It is, 75
per cent of their stock is nothing but
water, on which they ask the govern
ment to pay them interest 1 As your
article plainly shows, their Immense de
ficit is caused by pure graft Suppose
a rancher would ask the government to
guarantee him 6 per cent on his ranch
investment People would think him
crazy. Big business men flatter them
selves that they are strongly entrenched
in power and can make any demands
they choose; but ' the people many ' of
whom are blind and stupid, will even
i.)iv i.m a. little) sense. But it takes
a long time. It remains to be seen what
further exactions the ranroaas wui ue
mand. J- P. AverilL
WEST POINTERS IN THE ARMY
From the Army and Nary Journal
Colonel C A. Williams, U. S. A., re
tired, a graduate of the V. S. M. A
class of 1874. has recenUy compiled sta
tistics showing the percentage of West
Pointers in the army, on the active list
n with th authorized com-
-O bUiupnii - - - - ...
missioned strength. He finds that this
percentage Is but it.s inciuamg tne ca
of 1921. and believes this should have
weight in discussing the relations be
tween army officers. In this connection
Colonel Williams says: ;
"It is my-contention that the West
Point graduate is, as a rule, made to
bear more of the blame for the feeling
alleged to exist toward the regulars by
the volunteers, national guardsmen and
reserves than should be attached to him,
the popular s impression being that the
proportion of graduates from the mili
tary academy to the total commissioned
strength is far greater than the facts
bear out
"I have just gone through the army
register for January 1. 1920, the latest
edition published. -1 find the military
academy officers distributed as follows:
General officer .... . ......... d ... . 1
Adjutant enerel"s department ....... . - -
Inspeetor seneral's department ......... . 1
Judge adroeate cenerai a department.... 10
Quartarmaateir eorpa ...... . . .
Engineers ...-........' J1
Ordnance department... ............. - 18
Bisnal oorps ..-...........-.. A . . -,. .-
Insular affairs . ., ....,...,... J
Military academy
Oaralry J
Field artillery;...,, ,
Coaat artillery i. .......
Infantry 19ZB
Pbilippiaa aoouts 8
Total number of Wast Pointers tai army .. 27S8
Tha aathoriced trenfth icommiarionsri)
at that tima was ............ .1M
Perrentat from West Point.......... 24
"This exceeds the maximum which
could have obtained during the world
war, including, as it does, the class of
1919. ' -
The authorized commissioned strength
under taa act of June 4, 1920. is 17.726.
The above1 number of ,graduates from
the academy has been increased by the
class of 1920, with a membership of 270.
and the 17 graduates next month, the
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE
Some ' Of the stuff dreams are made
of Is black, coffee at midnight,
',-.-- a - e a -
"Up-to-the-nilaute" Ideas seem some
times to have ' been unnecessarily de
layed en route.
e .-a ... a-r
Medicinal beer may soon be author
ized. If it smacks of medicine there's no
hope for its popularity with the younger
generation.
Secretary Mellon is becoming famous
for bis own brand of cigars. Heaven
help his friends if we ever have a Sec
retary Cabbage in the cabinet
. - . :u . a a e
We've "often wondered how some of
the people who carry so much of their
conversation with their hands can talk
and drive an automobile at the same
time.
e -a a ;.: :.';.; '1;--.
Without the moon and the meadows,
the shimmering clouds and the hedge
rows, the novelists would have a sorry
time for a setting for the romances of
theur characters. -
a a '
We're thankful to the newspapers for
the announcement of the first day of
Bummer. It buoys up hope just when we
had been expecting Santa Claus to ap
pear on-the scene.
. - . a a "
"Californlans ask for more "Oregon
power," says a headline. California
takes our fruit for its cans, our beau
ties -for its movies and it may now as
Veil have some of our power to keep
itself: from perishing.
" iJ-A e . e a ;,.-;. ..
' Popular resort advertises. "Go to
Blank Springs for Rheumatism and Pol
son Oak." Which would be the height
of folly, since we already have the for
mer and the latter is abundant on the
lot across the street. . -
MORE OR LESS PERSONAL
Random $ Observations About Town
At a luncheon given Monday by Phil
Metschan in honor of G. T. Halverson,
mayor of Salem ; Al Pierce, who runs the
Marion hotel, and J. R. Linn, a wide
range of subjects was discussed, includ
ing everything from the intelligence of
Boston bull terriers to the "old hop
gang" which once stirred the placid
current of the Capital city at frequent
intervals. Some of the reminiscences
would tax the credulity of unsophiati ca
tion. a a
E. O. McCormick, vice president In
charge of development for the Southern
Pacific, was in Portland Saturday and
Sunday en route to Seattle and British
Columbia. Upon his ' return from the
North McCormick will spend several
days in this district in the interest of
land settlement and national park de
velopment work.
a. a . a
Another visitor from the eastern part
of the state was Duval Jackson of En
terprise. .
. . - a a a
Tom Nolan, " a merchant of Corvallis,
came down Monday to attend the North
west Golf association tournament
a " a
H. A. Bell of Nehalem spent Monday
in Portland- on business.
Pendleton was represented in Portland
Monday by Mr. and Mrs. S. It Thomp-
OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
fAn old-timer who wsa friend and neiahber
ok Air. juocaiey at nnoieani vn wdo ,
known Pmatilta county since tha middle '80a de
tail pioneer lore and personal reminisce oca in
mast interesting fashion. - A -noteworthy episode
ma train. ;
A day or so ago while going from New
berg to Corvallis I happened upon Mr.
and Mrs. W. B. Hale, old-time acquaint
ances at Pendleton. ."I have lived in
Umatilla county nearly 55 years," said
Mr. Hale. "My father, ; Henry J. Hale,
was born . in Kentucky. He met and
married my mother, Jane Teague. in
Missouri. They crossed the plains by ox
team in 1852. They wintered in 1852 in
the Willamette valley. The next year he
moved up to Lewis county, in what is
now the state of Washington. I was
born near what was then called Skookum
Chuck but is now the city of Centralis,
in 1854. Father took up a donation land
claim on Baker prairie, near where en
tralia is now located. . We lived there 12
years. I was the oldest child. Then
came John Calvin, Daniel J.. Lee and
Edward J. I live at Pendleton, ' John
lives at Walla Walla, Daniel at lone and
Lee in Montana. Edward died at Hepp-
ner.
-' - a a a .
"We moved to a farm near the present
town of Weston, in 1867. Weston, next
to Umatilla, is the oldest town in Uma
tilla county. T. J. Lieuallen settled on
the site of what is now Weston, In 1865.
He put up a house and built a blacksmith
shop. This was about a mile above the
Taylor Green crossing.. Uncle Tom Lieu
allen named Weston after the town of
Weston, Mo.' Uncle Tom was the first
postmaster there. The first store wss
run by a man named Bell. George
Hayes ran the first saloon in Weston.
Rube Baskett. a sort of lawyer, attended
to the legal business thereabout and R.
A. Steel was notary public Charley Pat
terson was the first stage driver on the
Walla Walla-Pendleton stage line. Bar
ney Keen an was another pioneer stage
driver on tha line. S. F. Neff was the
first teacher at Weston. My first
teacher was Professor Hugh McArthur.
My next teacher was W. M. Pruitt a
preacher. Afterward I Went to school
to his brother, John. After a while Sal
ing & Rees bought "out HU1 & Baker's
general merchandise store.
"In 1878 Weston became an incor
porated town. T. J. Lucy was the first
mayor, D. W. Dwlght was recorder and
L. S. Wood, treasurer. Barney F. Prine,
for whom Prlneville was named, was the
first city marshal. - Charley McM orris,
Jacob Proebstel. J. W. Beckett J. S
Morgan, John Hartman and J. S. Miller
were the first men to serve as. city coun
cllmen. Pretty soon they started a paper
called the Weston Leader. It was run
by W. L. Black.
a ' a ' a
"When I was 22 years old this was
in 187 I went to Texas. I spent three
years there, working as farmhand, cow
boy, carpenter and .at any job that
turned up. While I was working' for s
man named Perkins as a farmhand I
met and married his daughter, Clara
We were married in April, 1879. ' That
fan we started for Umatilla county. ,
., . a - "
"In the "70s a man had to be a goo';
scrapper to hold down a job as con
ductor In Texas, Arizona or Nevada. ,
total on June 30, 192L being 3075, not
taking into consideration casualties since
January 1, 1920.
"In the proportion of 2075 to 17.72$ the
percentage of West -Pointers would be
but 17.3." ----- -'
Colonel Williams feels that this should
not be lost sight of in. charging gradu
ates of -the military academy with ac
countability for., so-called army evils,
particularly in connection with debates
m congress relative to unfair treatment
of the national guard, etc. .: s
Uncle Jeff Snow Says """
Down in Uvalde. Texas, right after
the Civil war, there was two fellers lived
that claimed to be the only survivor of
NEWS IN BRIEF
SIDELIGHTS
A Burvey of the field of men reveals
that too many half-mile horses have
been entered in the mile run. Koseburg
News-Review.
- a . a -a
An Illinois man recently regained his
sanity after - having his teeth pulled.
Might be a good idea, to turn Sims and
Harvey over to a dentist Astoria Bud
get . . .
- You may speed and get by with' it
for quite a while, but sooner or later
you are going to have reason to regret
It Why not use a little common sense
and be on the safe side? Amity Stand
ard. v - ' .
. . a a a
A Japanese representative has Intro
duced a prohibition bill, with no success,
at 19 consecutive sessions of the diet
The natural Inference is that prohibition
does not agree with the Japanese diet
Eugene Guard.
- Idleness Is quoted, as the devil's work
shop, while persistent toil, accompanied
by a happy . attitude toward it, aids the
highest development physical, mental
and moral-of the individual. Oregon
City Banner-Courier.
- ----
The time to economize and reduce tax
ation is now.. If we do not put a stop to
the ever-increasing taxation, a little more
at each election, we will eventually vote
ourselves into bankruptcy and confisca
tion of property. Salem Capital Jour
nal. . ' ..
We wish to thank Mr. and Mrs. Nick
erson, who have entertained us so many
times and so willingly. About 10 re
freshments - were served, one or mere
games played and we departed for home
feeling very gay and very much as
though we would like to have another
party some time. Banks Herald.
An unusual: combination of circum
stances brought much of the state high
way department into Portland Monday.
There were C C Kelly, assistant chief
engineer ; J. "Cv McLeod. division en
gineer; J. M. Devers, assistant attorney
general, and Nick Drew, chief of the
paving experts.
e .
: Governor Olcott's father, who is visit
ing his son at Salem, thinks Oregon is
a wonderful State. He ts understood to
be. especially impressed , with the straw,
berry fields around Salem. To his sur
prise there are ripe berries, green ber
ries and blossoms on the vines, all at
' a a a
For a few hours Monday Salem had
no mayor. He was in Portland, flanked
by a lot of other Salem residents, all
on business and pleasure bent
: a. " a -
Hector Macpherson of Corvallis was in
Portland Monday. He is interested in
the Oregon Growers -Cooperative associa
tion. - - -
a a - a
Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Hochrodel of Rose
burg motored down Monday. They were
accompanied by Miss Maude ;Heim and
Mra, W. Borbden. ,
a a - -
Mr. and Mrs.- F.'E. Hague of Marsh
field are visiting in Portland.
' C. W. Vail of Carlton is among the
out of town arrivals.
Lockley.
couple of train robbers got n'our train.
V man Came through telling us to bide
our valuables, as two train robbers were
working back- through the cars. "A
Chinaman in our car-had over $60CNn
him. When the train robbers demanded
his money he pulled out a revolver. One
of the robbers shot at him, but the shot
went wild. The bullet went through the
shoulder of my wife's new coat, hit the
stove and was deflected and broke one
of the-car windows. The conductor was
good "and sore at them for shouting
things up that way. He stopped tho
train and threw them off, and he wasn't
very gentle about It either. He used the
toe of bis boot to make a good job.
. a a a
"My wife and I got a homestead in
the Union schoolhouse district about
10. miles north and west of Pendleton.
For the past SO years I have lived at
Pendleton, where I have worked at car
pentering and building. I own 640 acres
of wheat . land near . Pendleton. The
price , of wheat during the . past few
years has been good, and as the wheat
runs 25 to. 40 bushels to the acre I have
been able to save some money.
" . a a a
- "After" my wife had been In Oregon
for a few years she got to honing for
Texas, so we went back. She got so
homesick to get back to Umatilla
county that we returned, and she has
been mighty well contented to stay in
Oregon ever since. She is as good an
Oregon . booster as I am, and that ts
saying a lot"
. . a . a - .
Incidentally it is interesting to re
member that . what .is now Umatilla"
county was at one time a part of Clack
amas county. During the days of Ore
gon's provisional government the Ore
gon country was divided into three dis
tricts or counties Tualatin, Champoeg
and Clackamas. Clackamas county in
cluded all of Eastern Oregon, that part
of Montana lying west of 'the Rocky
mountains and the present states of
Idaho and 'Washington. Clackamas
county Was later divided, Wasco being
created : from it Wasco county com
prised all of Oregon east ' of the Cas
cades. Wasco, county became the
mother of .counties, the following being
cut from the original territory : Sher
man, Crook, Klamath, Grant, Lake.
Malheur, Morrow,- Gilliam, Harney,
Baker, Union, Wallowa, Umatilla,
Wheeler, Hood River, Jefferson and
Deschutes. Umatilla county took its
name from the Umatilla ' river. The
Kluse (or Cayuse) Indians lived between
the Umatilla and Snake rl vera In the
narrative of Lewis and Clark they, re
fer to' the river -and on the map pre
pared by Clark it is spelled You-ma-lo-lum
river. Later it was spelled Youma
talla and also' Umahtillah. One of its
principal tributaries was named Bitter
creek, as it flowed through an alkali
soil and had an alkaline taste. In 1879
the general land office issued a map in
'hlch a clerk made an error ahd mis
spelled Bitter creek, making it Butter
creek and Butter creek It has been ever
since. V The name Umatilla, as applied
to the. river, : Is an Indian word and
-neans a stream passing over stones
- hat make ripples in the water," so the
leaning of Umatilla la "Rippling
.Vater." - ' .
the ' Alamo massacres' when the gentle
Mexicans killed4 'ever last one, of the
Americans In that institution. Each one
was mighty careful not to call .t'other
a dam liar. To Insinuate that he was
crazy and a honest gentleman, was the
right thing, that not be In' jest cause fer
shootin.' Right now we've got fellers in
ever town that could tell us the truth
about their doin's Ip the World war, but
they're so af eard of beinV called liars
that they don't say nuthln whatsoever.
The Corners , Commercial- club t'other
night tried to git Abraham Niche to tell
us about bow he lost the fingers on his
left hand at Verdoon, or some sich plaee.
and be told us a German soldier bit 'em
off, and-wouldn't stay.'
The Oregon Country
North woet Bappenincs in Brief l"orm for tba
Busy header
OREGON NOTES
The Tillamook' fair board tits derided
on September 13, 14, 15 and 16 as dates
tor tne annual county fair.
Mrs. W. A. Cox. nioneer of Oreron and
a resident of Albany for 46 years, died
In that city last week, aged 72.
t The Canada thistle Is spreading rapidly
In Lane county and the weed inspector
has been Instructed to enforce the law
to the letter, .
Aonarentlv erased hr rrf m,r tha
death Of his wife. Kirmund Meatia.
formerly of Portland, Is in the county
jail at Roseburg.
A. D." Sachter. a farmer near Condon.
was run over by a truck and seriously
injured. Three men were in the truck,
which did not slop. ,
A $25,000 order far fanned Min nf
last year's crop and coming from Eng
land is being filled by. tha Lurent Fruit
growers' association.
G. O. McOllvrav. Dostoffia Inincrtnr
at Canyonville, was seriously Injured
when his auto plunged 25 feet down an
embankment turning over twice.
The remarkably hir-h oualltv nf tfea
Hood River strawberry crop has bern a
boon to growers this season, as there
Is no canning demand for cull fruit
The Pacific highway from Portland
to Oregon City, which is being improved
by the state hiehwav i-nnimUnlnn h,
been completed as far 'as Gienmorrle.
The Eugene school board was saved
$160 In the election Monday by the
Parent-Teacher association furnishing
its members as election official with
out charge..
Up to June 16, 1921. a total of $916,
628. So had been paid by the state to ex-
service men on account of educational
financial aid authorised at a special elec
tion in 1919. -
Contractors employed on the west side
Pacific highway will continue operations
until enjoined by the courts, notwith
standing the suit filed by residents of
Independence.
' A sheriffs posse at Echo secured Les
ter Nester, two stills and so much moon
shine that their car was stalled In the
sand, when a ranch near that town was
raided last week.
Archie McBae of Jefferson, who was
Injured in an accident Wednesday in
which his' wife was killed, when their
car was struck by a Southern Pacific
train, will recover.
WASHINGTON
The Washington state savings and loan
convention will meet at Aberdeen Au
gust 19 and 20. .
. Aberdeen and Hoqulam will celebrate
the completion of the inter-city highway
on or about July L
John D. Woodson, who crossed the .
plains in 1850. and fought In all the
early Indian wars, is dead at Grand view,
aged 83 years.
Painters of Spokane, who have, been
on a strike since June 1. have returned
to work at a reduction of 10 cents an
hour in wages,
C. F. Downingof Wapato has been
appointed hay inspector for Kastern
Washington, including all the stats east
of the Cascades.
Shipments of peaches were made from
White Bluff in Benton, county Satur
day, two days later than shipments
were started last season.
Growers of hay and dealers In the
Yakima country are about $3 apart on
the price and ranchers have determined
to hold out for $15 a ton. -
Yakima county dairymen are unani
mous in favor of a complete organiza
tion and will build a plant of their own -for
the manufacture of milk products.
It is estimated that 75 per cent of
the mills of Washington are now oper
ating, compared with 40 to 60 per cent
during the first few months of the year.
Governor Harf has appointed Frank
Cooper of Seattle. W. F. Martin of Sno
homish and A. K. Millay of Medical Lake
as. members of the state board of edu
cation. Practically the entire cherry crop of
the Prosser . district, amounting to an
estimated yield of 75 to 80 tona, has
been contracted by the growers at 10
to 11 cents. . ,
- Evidently a suicide, the body of Hans
C. Forland was found on the mud
flats near Hoqulam last Friday. He
was 50 years old and had cut the arteries
of his wrist with a razor. .
' Vancouver is,-said to have more gaso
line service stations than any city of
its size in the Northwest, and the Stand
ard Oil company is building another one
that will take in a quarter block.
During the period between January,.
1911. and June. 1921, local Improvements
and condemnation rolls aggregating
$26,348,294.70 were turned over to thr'
city treasurer by the city controller of
Seattle.
IDAHO - !
The town of Bliss has just sold $ 24. 007
6 per cent bonds, the money to be used
to take up outstanding warrants.
About $400 will be spent for fireworks
and $1000 given away in sports prizes
at the Buhl -Fpurth of July celebration.
Members of the First Idaho National
Guard are now enjoying their aummer
encampment at' Camp Brady, near
Boise. "
Work has been begun on the new open
air natatorium at Lava Hot springs,
for which the last legislature appropri
ated $18,000.
Two carloads of gas well machinery
have arrived at Payette and work will
be begun soon on the first gas well In
that district
The state of Idaho has just received a
patent from the United Statas govern
ment for 1276.04 acres of land in the
Halley district
Despite the continued hot weather. ?
water In the Boise river continues to
fall, showing that the larger -portion of
snow in the hills has melted. ,
The United States Grain growers, a I
non-stock, non-profit organization, com-;
posed entirely of farmers, has filed ar
ticles with the secretary of state.
Th safety box vault of the Bank of
Aberdeen, Idaho, was blown open lat
week by yeggmen. Eighteen boxes were
robbed, but the amount of loot Is un
known. KNOWYOUR
PORTLAND
A signboard of warning against
municipal extravagance is being
erected by the city of Seattle.
. A table published In the Seattle
Post Intelligencer froml official fig
ures shows a per capita, cost of $35.10
to run the city government.- .
It is more -than twice the amount
paid per capita in any other Wash
ington city.
Seattle ts . In serious financial
straits. Her export and Import com
merce last month wss less thanhalf
that of May, 1920. Her loss in com
merce, the two months compared,
was $31,695,983.
Portland Is In no such debt and it
la believed will utilise Seattle's disas
trous experience as a warning point
ing toward rigid economy.
There is being collectedjn taxes ex
clusively for Portland municipal pur
poses this year tha sum of $4,127,630,
according to the county tax collection
department Based upon the census
population of 258,288, this makes a
per capita tax for exclusively munic
ipal purposes of approximately $16.
- Baaed upon the total tax for
all purposes city, state, school,
etc of $14,312,000 which is being col
lected in Portland this year, the total
per capita tsx is $57.64. These fig
ures are furnished by City Auditor
Funk. '.
Portland's revenues from licenses
vand other sources will aggregate this
year about $675,000, says the city au
ditor,' This amount may be deducted
from the total shown above, bringing
the per capita all-purpose tax down
to approximately $54.