10 THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, 1 OREGON r t THURSDAY, APRIL 21. 1521. t. 8. JACkSON.... rubinUtcf - t Be calm, be confident, be cheerful ad do ante yva wmikl here thm do ar yo I lubliehed every ,Hk day ami Sunday moral n a The Journal baildinc. Broadway tad Jw , " tr- tWIinl, Ornn. Entered at the potoffic at Portland, Oretea. , . for trenamieekm through U malla as wmii etawe matter. WJti'Hoif Kft Una 7173, Automatic 50-l. V ' U artwetta reached by the esibera. fcATIOMAI. AUVKTIHINU BKIBE81iNTA TiTK Benjamin at kMtnor Co.. Bru beiMfne:. 22 Fifth avenee. Maw Tor; Mallera otiildine. Chleaa-o. ' STACUIO COAST REPRESENTATIVE W. R. 1 ! Baranirr Co., Examiner buildls. Ran Fnm I ' ciaeo; Titla Insurance baHding. Lea Aatataa. . 1UK UlitUHtS JOUitNAi. reerea tho richs to reject advertising copy which it deeaaa ob ' Jeetioaabiev It alw via not print any copy that in any way aiaweJates reading Matter or . mat cannot readiJy be recognicea aa aTr- nunc. hl BSCRiPTION KATES By Carrier, City and Country UAll-T A D iUH On week s .15 On inn math . . . .es ' DAILY frna week..... .$ .10 On month..... .45 SLNDAT One Week f .05 BZ MAIL RATES PATABIJC TS ADVANCE UAIT.T AND 8CNDAT On year. ..... .$8.00 J Threes aaontha, . . S3. 25 a nanwina. . . . . 124 DAILY (Without1, Sunday) One year. . . .! 00 Kis aaontha..... 8.25 "Tnree month... 1.75 One month. . . . . .09 i WEETCI.T (Eeery Wednesday! One year. .... .$1.00 Bi month,.;.. .66 On asonth..... .75 SUNDAT iOnJy) One year. .... .13.00 8ix saontha . . . . 1.75 Three aaontha... 1.00 WEKKT.Y AMD 8 US DAT One year. ..... 93.50 i j Theeo rata apply only m the West. ' 1 RatM to Eaatern points fnrniahed on applica tion. Make remittances by Money Order, Express Wer Inwft. If your poatofriee ia not Money Order office, 1 or 2-eent ttampa will be accepted. Make all remittance, payable to The Joamsl. Portland, Oregon. If no God. whence duty? There remaina no other eoorce than blind, brutal, tjran noue force. Duty never iaaaea from that -Masuni. A NEW AMERICA RIGID restriction of immigration has been recommended to con gress by Secretary of State Hughes. The recommendation is simultaneous with the report of a. house commit tee favoring immediate passage of an immigration bill limiting admis sion of aliens for 14 months, begin ning May 10. to 3 per cent of each nationality resident in -America in mo. Sounder advice could not be given congress at this time. The earlier irftmigration to America was by for eigners who wanted to become -Americans. Many of them, like Carl Schurx and his kind, were among our best citizens, as are some late arrivals. They were constitutional ists in Europe, and fled to America where the ideals they . sought Ho es tablish in Europe were in full func tion. ' Many of the present Immigrants are different. They come here as the miners go to Alaska, to make a stake and return to Europe to spend it. There are .known cases in which they spend part of each year in America gathering profit, and return to Europe to spend the remaining months of each, year in elegant Idle ness. - They haven't a thought or concern about American institutions, Ameri can government or . American, pur poses. Their ideals are European Ideals and their aspirations Euro pean aspirations. Their true -allegiance is not te America but to the land of their origin. They are 'not 6t America by America or for America. There is a double drain in their operations in America. Their living standard is low and their competi tion with American labor is destruc tive. The bulk of their earnings is spent, not herp, but in Europe. To the loss of capital you must add the weakening effect of a population whose alliegance is not American but European. Nor has this taken into the ac ' count those aliens who come with heresies, and fantastic theories to plant, their European ideas of gov ernment, to spread among Ameri cans false formulas, false propa ganda of . social, political and eco nomic organization. , The war taught us much about the unassimilated alien. , It revealed here the presence of thousands who wanted American policy subordi nated to the ends and aims of cer tain European governments. Their presence here and the peril of their' presence here drove us to the enact ment of over-drastic war laws by which to prevent them from under mining our effectiveness in the field. We had to Increase to an extraordi nary degree our home guard in or der to meet enemies in the rear with the same earnestness that we faced . the foe at the front. Some tremendous things have hap pened in America within . & genera tion. The last of the free land is . gone. During the first century of the American nation, when a resi dent was dissatisfied or discontented, he moved westward and with others , set up a new civilization to his liking. Cheap land and free land were the great safety valve. - But now the land is all settled. ' The tide of immigration .rolls back on itself.' And, about the same time there happened another ; thing freighted with all kinds of possibil ity. - That wa the shifting , of the balance in population from rural to urban life and the 'change of Amerr lea to an industrial nation. ,Th historic background of the first , American j century will . not sere; as a guide for the' second American century. ; The safety valve is gone in the disappearance of the free land and the country that was rural and tranquil has become indus trial and troubled. We have got to put our'house in- order for this sec ond century as a nation, and we can not do it with our population loaded down and; saturated with great groups who are of Europe, by Eu rope and for Europe. It is claimed that a Western sown of 50,000 inhabitants! has a divorce every hour and Zt minutes and a marriage every eight hours. It is also said that if the present rate of di vorce continues, in two years eight months and 17 days from April 10, every married couple .in the place will have a divorce decree. PAYING THE PRICE THE Portland I Railway, Light & Power company has given the city of Portland a check for $8570. It pays for damages to two fire trucks sustained when : the trucks were rammed by streetcars. The corporation may still be compelled to pay: for personal injuries received by. firemen in the collisions. The two collisions, then, have al ready cost the company 8570. Com pany cars are in scores of collisions every year. And every time the re sponsibility for the smash up is placed on the company, the corpora tion is compelled to pay damages. But the money is not paid by the company. It comes from the pockets of Portland car riders. Part of the money collected in every fane goes' to pay for collisions. Fares are a trifle higher to make allowances for the smashups. And every smashup makes the fares increase. Traffic accidents are not merely costly in life and .Jimbrbut in treas ure. Because there are accidents, people are forced to pay more for things they purchase. If a depart ment store, a public service corpora tion, or an insurance company has to pay for damages In collisions it has to charge more for its prod ucts or Its premiums. Then, every smashup avoided is money saved. There "are more streetcars in oper ation in Portland, more automobiles. and more pedestrians on the streets than ever before. There is greater opportunity for accidents than ever before. And it is Incumbent for operators of streetcars and auto mobiles and tfr pedestrians to be more cautious than ever before un less they are to pay the price of smashups with dollars, with limbs and with lives. ! Congressman jgo to school. The 121 newly elected members of the house have been attending night school to. learn the congressional game. They wereltaught the prac tices, procedure and rules of the house and were ready for gradua tion at the end of a week. HIS LAST PAYMENT ANEW YORK man who had Just paid his federal taxes and still faced a considerable indebtedness in state income taxes wrote the follow ing note to the state ; income tax bureau "Heaven help me! Inclosed please find notice of additional as sessment of the state income tax. I am giving you I everything I have left" which was a shirt. The Jfew Yorker had paid his share for-the wars of the past. He hadpaid his share toward tlie pen sions of those :who had fought in those wars. He had paid his share toward the tremendous cost of the late world war. And he v had paid his share toward the $972,000,000 that is to be spent for the ! 6 huge battleships now under construction, and the submarines and destroyers that are calculated to fight the wars of the future, j It might be entirely proper to congratulate the New Yorker on having a shirt "left. Compared with what it would do before the war a dollar will not buy 83 cents worth.; Today a dollar will buy nearly three times as much sugar as lastyear. It will buy three times as much rice, nearly six times as many potatoes, more than twice as many eggs and twice as much butter. .. '. ! ! AT SIXTEEN IS, YOUR boy) away from home at night? . ! "My boy I 18, and he is out sevon nights in the week; I don't know what he is doing out there in the streets." remarked a Portland father, with a shade of sadness in his words. Two 16 -year-old Portland boys, with hands and feet manacled, es caped from their captors on a train bound from Los Angeles to Portland. They had stolen an automobile and were trying to evade the penalties of violated law. ; - . Sixteen-year-olds dashing from a train in the heart of the mountains is the kind of, thing hardened ban dits do. Later they broke into a boxcar, appropriated food that be longed A to others and were again captured. t All this and more by boys only is is a mournful story of youth. How many times can a wholesome, future come, out of such a beginning? f j What a welcome and what a reas suring thing it would be if these boys would begin alt dvr again, be gin,aay, by staying at home with the family at night instead Of roaming the streets and falling in with bad associates and winding up in mana cles and- behind steel bars. lit is a matter of concern to a com munity whether boys roam the streets at night. Statisticians de clare that the bad boy of 1$ has cost his community $1809 and that the good boy of 18 has been worth $S 00 to the community. It costs money for police and sheriffs to guard and capture and Jail bad boys, and costs money for courts and trials and re formatories that seldom reform bad boys. i ' But above all, there is the cost in tears and grief to parents. SHAMEFUL TREATMENT BEING a "taw enforcing person is not always a pleasure. There are drawbacks to the business as some officers of experience are quite willing to admit. ; , r 1 For instance, isn't an officer fre quently in peril of - losing his trousers? Didn't a deputy marshal from Los Angelas awake from a sound sleep to find his prisoners gone evaporated and, with them, his trousers?' Didnt he start from Ashland afoot, bound fr California in search of his erstwhile prisoner only to find them captured, and to find one of them swaggering about in the very excellent trousers that but a few hours before had shielded the Los Angeles deputy's lower ex tremities from the rigors of Cali fornia weather? And didn't that same deputy, after rubbing his eyes and stretching after his nap. miss $115 that had recently been his? Hadn't his money, too, gone as the trousers had gone ? : Law enforcing people must ex perience quite a chill when they awake to find prisoners and money gone, and with, them their own their very own1 trousers. Couldn't prisoners have some little considera tion for the feelings of the law's rep resentatives and leave at least the officer's trousers behind when escap ing? . BROKEN FIVE CENT CONTRACTS THAT five cent fare franchise contracts with traction compan ies in San Antonio,' Texas, and in certain cities in Iowa are "confisca tory" is the announcement of the United States supreme court in de cisions last week. The statement is that the court held that , "a contract calling for a confiscatory rate will hot stand i in law." To what extent the finding applies to the broken five-cent fare contract of the streetcar company with the city f of Portland is not known, but traction interests all over the country are claiming that all their former contentions are fully confirmed by the court. If the court has so held, if changed costs, increased wage and higher priced materials coming along after the original agreement is made, invalidate the contract in the case of public utilities, what about contracts in private business? ; Where is the constitutional mandate about the obligation of a contract." The the point, does the contract bind the public, but not bind the utility? e For a century, ; the federal su preme court has uniformly held that no state may pass a law "impairing the obligation of a contract." The principle was laid down in the Dart mouth college case and it has been given life and force by every great decision from that time to the pres ent. If the new decisions are without qualification as they are represent ed to be, the court has laid the basis for any private interest to cast aside contract obligations to the public whenever the risks of business make that contract less profitable than had been expected. Under such a theory, there was not only moral but legal reason for the city of Port land to reimburse the contractor for losses In the construction of the mu nicipal auditorium; HIS TRUMP CARD WHEN the Vancouver barber was repulsed In his attentions to his victim, Mrs. Baker, to what did he turn? When he found himself unable toegain his end by peaceful means and decided upon violence, of what was his first thought? Where did his hand reach for the medium of death? Immediately it went out to the revolver. U..I The gun was his trump card. When all else failed, he reasoned, the death-dealing weapon was left. If he couldn't secure what he desired he could destroy all destroy with the gun. f That is what revolvers are for to destroy. All men who desire things that they must secure by force have guns. They - will have what they want under threat of the gun, or they will destroy. i The barber's threats availed him naught. He turned to the gun. Be cause he had a gun to turn to, two people lie wounded in the hospital, one perhaps fatally.. . !- '. J : ; : j. : j " If the barber is taken alive he will likely be sent to the penitentiary. He will be locked up. But the gun won't be. It will be free, lying around for the grip of another des perate hand and ready to collect another toll. ; - '. PACKER TrjCE GIVES HOPE Rule of Reason as Against Arbitrary Force la Considered to" Have Scored a Triumph Both Sides Accord ingly Congratulated by the Country's Opinion Moulders. ' Daily Editorial Dieest , Consolidated free AooeiaUcs) The peaceful settlement or the dispute between the packers and the unions, even though it has been described by oue of the labor men as only a "truce," is con sidered toy most newspapers, as a "tri umph" for the Harding: administration and. particularly for he secretary of labor, who presided over the -hearing. The fact that the employes yielded to the packers' demand ; for a reduction in wages is looked upon' with satisfaction by 'a number of writers as a sign of the times indicating that labor has. come to recognize that wages must go down if prosperity is to return. Although the disputants are bound by their agreement only until September 1. when the war ruling concerning- the eight hour day will no longer be effective, the majority of editors feel that both .sides have shown that the tendency from now on will be away from the use of force and toward arbitration. The New York Evening Post Ind.). hardly an enthusiastic supporter of the Republican regime, considers the settle ment "a notable triumph for President Harding's administration," far "to post pone a strike for six months is equivalent to averting it." The Scran ton Times (Dem.) calls the work of "Secretary of Labor Davis, Secretary of ' Commerce Hoover and Secretary of Agriculture Wallace"' a "first class job." and the Harrlsburg Telegraph tRep.). while it admits that "the caliber of Mr. Davis as secretary of labor is. not demonstrated by this one Instance," it grants him "a good start." ' The Milwaukee Leader (Ind.) says the "six months' truce" is "a bright feather' In bis cap and the ad ministration's. Justification of the choice of Mr. Davis as a cabinet official is seen in his suc cessful role of mediator by the Sioux City Journal (Rep.), which regards the decision as "significant" in that it shows that labor has a "disposition to accept lower wages in the adjustment of costs which affect living conditions." Adopt ing this course, the Kansas City Star (Ind.) believes, will strengthen the labor organisation with the public. Whether there is full basis for the hope that labor will generally accept lower wages is not a settled question to the Sioux City Trib une (Ind.), however, for even the pack ers' agreement may not be permanent if prices do not keep pace with wage cuts. e e It was rather a question, in the opinion of the Indianapolis Star (Ind. Rep.), of establishing the fact that "the readjust ment program is not aimed at reducing their strength as well as their wages" that troubled the workers, who "are evidently disposed to be reasonable" as to the cut in pay. They "evidently real ize." tae Wheeling Register (Dem.) be lieves, "that a strike was useless and that more was to be lost by a long fight against reductions than by accepting them," and the "course they followed is a tribute" to their "common sense." To this the Chicago Tribune (Ind. Rep.) agrees: 'The workers' representatives displayed rare good judgment in submit, ting to the wage cut fixed by the packers in exchange for concessions on the eight hour day and continued arbitration ar rangements. There has been less meat produced, less consumed and less ex ported in the United States in the last year than in either of the last two pre vious, years." . The, attitude of the workers in agree ing to the cut was bound to come, de clares, the. Mitchell (S. D.) Gazette (Rep.. "with the decline in priees and the general return to normal conditions and will undoubtedly set a precedent for other groups and for wage and salary workers generally." To the Savannah News (Dem.) it is an indication that: "The wild days when wages were any thing the employe wished to ask and when prices were anything the seller wished to ask, are over. Conditions are sifting down to a common sense, normal basis, which they must reach as the basis of the only prosperity that can be permanent." e The Boston Transcript (Ind. Rep.) is not so optimistic as some of tha com mentators, for, though it admits some thing has been accomplished, it quotes the words of the employes' representa tive to the effect that they merely es tablished "a truce for us to prepare for war." The employes, "though protest ing that it is unjust," have accepted the wage cut. The employers have granted the eight hour day and "scored" in "securing a definite termination of the war time agreements on September 15." but. It adds, "After that, what?" To this the New York Globe (Ind.) feels there is a satisfactory answer in the possibility that "between now and September 15 the industry has time to put its house in order," and "the fact that a treaty, or, as one of the spokes men of the unions viewed it. a truce, has been obtained, is in itself encourag ing." This optimistic standpoint is maintained by the Chicago News (Ind.), which urges that the doubters should "bear in mind that the packers have announced their definite intention of establishing other machinery for the pre vention or settlement of labor disputes and of giving. their employes a voice in the determination of certain questions relative to wages, hours, safety and other' working conditions." The Dallas Times-Herald (Ind. Dem.) la another to find grounds for hope in the "at least temporary" settlement of difficulties. Although for the time being "there is to be an administrator who is. in a sense, 'over the packers and employes, yet opportunity is to be given for these two to develop plans for handling between themselves matters pertaining to both." The attitude of both the packers and the unions and the course taken by the government all seem to awaken hope in the El Paso Times (Dem.) that we are approaching the end of "the day of the employer who wills to rule or ruin, or the agitator who stirs up trouble jn order to hold his job, and the spineless govern ment offiicaL" ! Lansing's. Explanation From the Vancouver (Wash.) Columbian Thousands of clear headed, far seeing American citizens marveled when Presi dent Wilson announced to the world that he would head the American delegation to the peace conference. Thousands more were amazed when a few months later he formally requested the resigna tion of Secretary of State Robert Lan sing. Lansing is an international lawyer of strong parts, had been educated in the school of practical American diplomacy and was recognized as an exceptionally able member' of the president's official family. I His curt dismissal, with little or no explanation, other than that the secretary of state appeared to be out of harmony with the president, caused more than a mild storm of censure and tem porarily increased, rather than dimin ished, the standing of Lansing among a very considerable number of Americana Not until the publication of Lansing's new book was any satisfactory explana tion made of these two very extraordi nary events in the Wilson administra tion, and, strange as it may seem, it inadvertently comes from Lancing him self. ;.. i ... . While clothed in the polite language of diplomacy and giving ' to the average reader the idea that the writer desires, above all other things, to be fair and impartial, ' the Lansing articles are. In fact, intended as an indictment against Wilson and Wilsonism. The writer dis closes two very Important sidelights on the two acts mentioned in the first paragraph. v - First, he admits that he was out of harmony with the president prior to the date of the peace conference. He had but little confidence in the proposed plan for a League of Nations and his school of what might ' be termed "practical statescraft" was constantly running con trary to the idealism of his chief. It is, therefore, apparent that personal contact with his secretary of state convinced the president that it would beunsafe to per mit Lansing to head the American dele gation. In view of the Importance which he placed in th successful negotiation of a just peace treaty and League of Na tions agreement, in view of the fact that he regarded Mr. Lansing as lukewarm in his approval, and that his secretary of state matde no move to resign as a, member of his cabinet, there was but one course left that of going to Paris in person and taking charge of the nego tiations . v The personal diary of. the secretary of state as reprinted in his own book indi cates very jclearly that Lansing was completely put of harmony with his chief, and that he felt' humiliated and vexed because his own-- ideas bad hot been more cheerfully embraced, and af fords abundant re asons for him to have voluntarily given up his post and thus relieved the president of very, great em barrassment. A man of less considera tion for the personal feelings of his associates than Wilson would have de manded the resignation prior to the date of the Versailles conference. That Lan-' sing continued to serve as a member. of the cabinet when he well knew that he was completely out of harmony With" the president's program will ever remain a national question mark and an unfor tunate blunder in a diplomatic career which is otherwise most creditable. : A Letters From the People 'Communication sent to The Journal fat pablioatioa in this department ahould be writtea on only one aide of the paper; ahould Dot exceed 300 worde in length, and must be aigned by tha writer, whose mail addreaa ia fall must accom pany the contribution. "UNDER THE YOKE" A Discussion of the Struggle in Oregon to Get From Under It. Corvallis, April 16. To the Editor of The Journal In the Sunday Journal of April 10 is reproduced a telegram from the New York Globe - to Senator-elect E. F. Ladd of North Dakota requesting reliable information on the mooted Non partisan league work. Mr. Ladd's reply thereto puts quite a different light on what some profiteers are wont to call "Townleyism." This struggle of the Nort Dakota producers for emancipa tion from the clutches of privilege, and the latter's efforts to thwart them, form quite an example of how history repeats itself. Demetrius, the Ephesian silver smith, noticing a slump in the demand for. images of a pagan goddess, found its cause In the people being turned to the true God by the apostles of the Christ Acts, ninteenth "chapter, tells what he did to them. We have a struggle on in Oregon for the people's liberation from the many ill effects of private appro priation of public funds, economic or land rent and, like the crusaders in all ages for restoring human rights, its aggressive workers are made the objects of ridicule by the camps of privilege and the press dominated by them, and who will not meet the issue openly and fairly, knowing their position indefensible. Your series of editorials entitled "Un der the Yoke" has brought a letter from a benefactor of society, an apartment house owner, who tells of his difficulty in meeting taxes and interest on his in vestment. His difficulty is largely in paying interest on that part of his in vestment which he paid to a site specu lator, a continued tax to the state on the site, a tax on his industry, the build ing and equipment. . If all ground rent was taken into its natural repository, the public treasury, the state Would realize a larger revenue than it does from the present system, which is only a partial tax on land rent, with the deficit khifted to industry. Any land that has a market value will, if put to full capacity use, yield its user many times its annual ground rent, which is determined by the market value. Of course, the land speculators need votes to defeat single tax. and they frighten the uninformed home owner and those who have; but one lot on which they expect to build, with the bogie that single tax v means that their lot will evaporate from under their house, leav ing it suspended in space. . Those whose only incentive to own a lot Is for a home, will find by becoming acquainted with single tax that it will be a big help to them and give greater security to their tenure, for they wUl be less liable to become tax delinquents. No reliance must be put upon the Portland press for proper information, unless it be The Journal and the Oregon Labor Press. The Single Tax league will gladly direct inquirers to, the accessibility of reliable books and periodicals. , C. A. McLemore. A CORRECTION Eugene, April 19. To the Editor of The Journal While at Crabtree in a meeting a boy by the name of Clarence Alexander had the misfortune to drown while swimming in the Santiam river at Sanderson's bridge. In an account of this unfortunate affair The Journal stated the boy lost his life "just as he was to be baptized." ; - ' The drowning happened an hour be fore the baptizing was announced to be; in fact there was no baptising there9 that day. W. L. Straub. Curious Bits of ' Information Gleaned From Curious Places Proof that migratory birds return to their old haunts was obtained by J. D. Lawe of Kaugauna, Wis., when a robin he had doctored for a broken leg one summer, returned to his home the next Kpring. Lawe kept a feeding board for birds in his yard. ' One summer the robin fjew to the board, suffering from a broken leg. ; Lawe nursed the bird back to health! and it remained about the house as a pet until the first snow in November. Then it disappeared, and it was thought to have perished in the storm. The bird was identified on its return- by the scar where the leg had mended. : ' ''- Uncle Jeff Snow Says Down on the lower fork of Bear creek in the Ozarka in about '68 a big brown bear played smash with hogpens night after night, and dogs nor guns nor nuthin' seemed to skeer her or run her off. Finally fellers seen her" take to a bunch of timber at daylight and the neighborhood surrounded that timber with ever kind of weepon up to that date from spears and flintlocks to the ney Yankee Henry rifle. They trompeu a road around that there timber 'fore they found -out Mrs. Bear wasn't there. Us humans is like that' in some other lines. We're alius inclined to tromp around evils that in the end , turn out to be somewheres that we ain't a-thinkin' they're at. . . COMMENT AND SMALL CHANGE, Why do we call 'em "cob" webs? ' The weather man is the ranking genius among. the false prophets..; When criminals are deprived of their guns there will be far less crime. Although you can't fish in the rain. lust think what fun the ducks are hav ing. The "lure of spring" usually appears in the milliners' windows about this time of the-year. . e . There are very few amona? as who don't think they can tell the president a lew tmngs about tne business of run ning the government. . A man who has . been 15 years In America without seeking or desiring citizenship and shirking service under arms should peddle, his warea else- wnere. . . Regular, honest-to-gosh men will be delighted to learn .- that the v newest shades in georgette, crepe de chine and mignonettes are tomato, porcelain. Jade, honeydew and bisque. A journal at hand says: "The pres ence of somatic cells in the ' anterior re gion of the coenobium was- observed in most of the neodorina illinoiensis Ko foid, but it was not always possibte to separate the algo from Eudorlna ele gans." Just then the band played and we all came homef MORE OR LESS PERSONAL Random Observations About Town Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Penland of Pendleton are visiting at the homfe of Mrs. Penland's sister. Mrs. Will Evans, in Portland. They came from Pendle ton by automobile, leaving Pendleton at 6:30 a. m.. taking two hours for lunch and -arriving in Portland at 7 o'clock that evening, all of which goes to prove 'that roads between Pendleton and Portland are in good condition. e e Bend citizens visiting in Portland In clude George Cawlf ield. A. C. Clark. Robert Keys. Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Staats, Mr. and Mrs. C. V. Enloe and Oscar and Walter Franks. e e - Lee Drake, business manager of the Evening Budget of Astoria, is a Port land visitor. He came up by motor from Astoria and will go from Portland to Pendleton by train. Mrs. P. T. Randall with her children and Mrs. Anna Haines and her daugh ters of Burns is visiting friends in Port land. . . e Mr. ; and Mrs. E. E. Woodcock ' of Lakeview are in Portland and are reg istered at the Hotel Imperial. '.. Mrs. W. A. Garoutte of Cottage Grove 'is visiting at the home of her sister. Mrs. Jack Callahan. e e e F. R. Strom, who operates the hotel at London Springs, not far from Cottage Grove, is a Portland visitor. Director K. L. French of the depart ment of agriculture of the state of Washington is here from Olympla. e e . e Mrs. H. I. Rice of Fort Rock is a guest of the Benson. - Mr. and Mrs. E. I. Garland of Silver ton are registered at the Hotel Benson. . Mrs. George Berger of Astoria is a Portland visitor. - Mrs. E. O. Parker of Pendleton is a guest of the Benson. . ' 1 Clev Jackson of Mocllps is at the Multnomah. , : ' e . C. G. Sailing of Heppner is at the Oregon. , J. H." Walker of Astoria is at the Multnomah. P. L Idleman from the Round-up city is a guest of the .Multnomah. i W. A. Marshall of Salem is taking in the sights of Portland. Fred W. Falconer, well known stock man of Pendleton Is at the Multnomah. e . F. T. Kress from the Capital City is visiting in the metropolis. i Miss L. Luckey of : Eugene is at the Oregon. - ; D. S. R. Walker of Eugene is a Port-' land visitor. j OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS OF THE JOURNAL MAN i By Fred (An honor roll ia Mr. lockiey'a of ferine today. It i a lint of men. oldei" and yminer. who liara been or are today ecu rone of that spirit which has d latin euished the Round- Vp city ever aince tha day of ita foundinc I Felix Mittehell has been a member of The Journal family ever since the paper started. Before that for a dozen years or more he was C. S. Jackson's right hand man on the East Oregonian at Pendleton. A day or two ago we wefe talking of the old days in Pendleton and trying to analyze the reason why Pendleton has forged ahead of many other cities whose advantages of geo graphical location are equal. ! e e "A city is not composed of streets and biddings," satd Mr. Mitchell, fany mora than a person is of bone and flesh. Just as the character and the personality of a person make him successful or the re verse, so the spirit of the citizens of a community will build a' city up or cause It- to languish. Pendleton has always been a city of public spirit. I used to be?in the city council and I know some thing of the character of the early day residents of Pendleton. Such men as Bill Matlock, Jim Baley. Judge Lowell, Walter Pierce. Sam Sturgis, Tom Hailey, Dr. Vincent, Leon -Cohn and score of others I could mention are the explana tion of Pendleton's growth and prosperity:- Many of the early citizens of Pendleton were both pathfinders and empire builders, and were not nappy unless they were on "the frontier doing constructive work such men, for ex ample, as William Martin, who served as sheriff of Umatilla county, mayor of Pendleton and later as county judge of Umatilla county. : Men of this type have left their impress not only on Pendleton and Umatilla county but on the entire West." : e what Felix Mitchell had told me I jotted down the names of a few of the men in renaiewn wmvj helped to put Pendleton on the map in Urge letters. The pioneer residents of Pendleton have been succeeded by an eaualiy aggressive and progressive crop I? mn like E B. Aldricb, George Hartman Jr.. Roy Raley. Lee Drake ana scores i oinem i ... , OTtiri nt mnfti mn that has X k lot HJ "I"" made the Round-Up successful. ann tv well known pioneer resi- dents of Pendleton in 1891. many or a. now taken the long trail. were W. F. Matlock, who was born in Missouri in 1849 ana wno came to the Willamette valley in 185S. Bill Mat lock was not only one of Pendleton's v.., vnnwn itin hut he was known all over Oregon and throughout the NEWS IN BRIEF ' SIDELIGHTS ' j There's a considerable gap, 'twlxt the Jap and the Yap. Astori Budget. What has become of the oldfashioned 16-year-old girl who got a good spanking if - she- wasn't home bv 9 o'clock at flight? KlamathFalls Herald. - We are told that Ere was made from a marl's, rib, but sort of think from ail appearances that 'it was .his backbone that man lost. Roscburg ; News-Review., , j .;-. '- e e . e. , - ; After teaching continuously for 59 years, a Portland lady resigna She was no doubt "disgusted with the change in the teachers' tenure law. Corvallis Gazette-Times. . 'j . ... Isn't 5 It strange thai with all these messages from the Other World, there's not one of them that tells us how to solve any . of our:.-war or Industrial problems? 'Albany Democrat. . -. ... e. Business L condition are said to . be worse In Seattle than in Portland. No doubt of it, because that is the Seattle way; their booms are bigger and they drop farther when? the bottom falls out. The -Puget Sound city is anything but conservative.-Eugene Guard. -What Oregon needs in a bunch of common sense in government. We-are governed to death- Wo could get along with one fourth th ' covfrnment - we have, and no one would ever miss the other three fourths except the boys who draw the salaries. La Grande Observer. .Eugene; citizens visiting' in Portland Include Ernest K. Highland, who owns a sawmill at Dexter; K. W. Merrell, Raymond E,- Vester. manager of the Oregon Emerald ; Mrs. Thomas Bailey, and Mrs. D. C KeliemsV ' ,.. ' e , ; - Mr. and Mrs. ; Sid Ross and family and Dick Cox. with Dick Cox. Jr.; are guests of the Cornelius. Sid Rosa and Dick Cox are members of the Portland baseball club. . e . e' " Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Dlekschneider of McMinnville were reeent visitors at-the home of their daughter, Mrs. Cordes Shipley. " , v .' ; e e Mr., and : Mra G. R. r Replogle and Charles N. Walt' of Bucoda are guests of the Cornelius. - e e e "Lefty" Schroeder of . Salem, former member of the Portland, baseball team, is a guest of the Cornelius. j Dr. W. C. Belt and D. D. Fletcher of Newport - are registered t the Hotel Oregon. ' - - - ; ' O. P. Hoff, state treasurer, is shak ing hands with", his numerous friends In the lobby of the Hotel Imperial. ' . ' ,. S. E. Morten of Klamath Falls Is a guest of the Imperial. - - i A. C. Nelson of Condon is a guest of the; Oregon. - e e .. . . Guy E." Dobson of Redmond is a Port land: visitor. e e M.. D- Shanks . of Lebanon is trans acting business in Portland. " e . e e B. J. Heeker of "Albany is at the Im perial. . -i. . . . - E. F." Collins of Baker is a guest of the Imperial. . e e e . George B. Messerve is down from La Grande, r - j . .... C. G. ' Hal vereon v of Silver ton ; is a guest of the Hotel Perkins. . - . ,- . : . - ; . Fred Womack of Elk City is trans acting business - In Portland. - ' i e e Mr. and Mra - E. L. McAllister of Pendleton are registered at the Perkina e W. A. Darling of Condon is a Tort land visitor. -.'.'- . . e . e e ' - F. E. Brbsius of Prinevllle is trans acting business In Portland. e - e. - Mr. and Mrs. Theodore P. Neste of Astoria are at the Cornell u a j - - " L. F, Ftckland of - Albany is at the Seward.- - . .'j e e ' I ' ; Mr. and Mra C E. Deforce of Astoria are guests of the" Imperial. f . a . -' ; - 'J Dr. W. E. Phy, proprietor of the Hot Lake sanitarium, is a Portland visitor. Mr. and Mrs, W. II. Renter of La Grande are registered at the Imperial. liockley West. He came to Umatilla in 1869 and ran sheep with George Swaggart on the Wild Horse. He moved to Pendleton in 1879. r., ' " James H. Raley was' bom In Ne braska Territory, in 1855. and came with his -parents to Mill Plain, near Van couver, in, 1862. In 1.864 the Raleys moved to Butter Creek. . near Echo. Colonel Raley was one of the early and vigorous fighters for ah open river. - James A. .Fee, another Pendleton at torney, who has won fame all over Ore gon, was bom m Wisconsin in 1857. He moved from Walla Walla to Pendleton In 1884, -and for a While, with J. B. Eddy, ran the Pendleton .Tribune, Mr. Fee - doing the editorial--work on the paper .. . " - Walter M,' Pierce, also a lawyer, was born in Illinois in 1861. He landed a job as a farm hand with Nathan Pierce at Milton in 1883. He was elected county school superintendawtt of Umatilla county in 1886.; - . . j- : W. J." Furnish, who in 1891 was sheriff of Umatilla county, 'is' now a resident of Portland. He was born, in Missouri 1rf 1862 and. came ; to Oregon when he was 3 years old. He 'was graduated from the Portland Business college in 1888 and shortly thereafter he secured a Job as bookkeeper in Umatilla county. - John M. Bentley, who, with Lot Liver more and Major Lee Moorhouse, is one of. the pioneer residents of -Pendleton, was born In Missouri In 1842. Ha came to Umatilla county in 1871. . He has been rancher, officeholder.' hotel-keeper and sawmill man, and was one of the early stockholders of the East Oregonian. William Martin was also a resident, of Pendleton in 1891. He was bern in Viri ginla in 1822 and ' came to Oregon with the Applegate-and Waldos in the emi gration of 1843. He settled in the Waldo Hills, just east- of Salem. In 1846 he was elected sheriff of Champoeg county, whieh in those days embraced the present ' counties ' of - Marion and Linn and parts of Clackamas and Lane. He served in the Cayuse Indian war in 1848 under Colonel Gilliam. The fol lowing year he went to the California gold diggings and In 1860 was elected sheriff of Siskiyou county. Ii 1862 he went to Eastern Oregon and rnld in the 'Granite Creek? district in Grant county. In 18S0 he was elected sheriff of Umatilla county, and was reelected in 1882 apd 1884. He . was later elected mayor of Pendleton.nd In 1888 became eounty" judge of Umatilla county. -- These are but a few of scores ef resi dents of the Pendleton of that day who have since made their mark in the his tory of Eastern Oregon. . The Oregon Country Northweat Happenings In Brief Form for tie ' 6uty Header OREGON NOTES At least 110 tons of ice manufactured in Bend will be used in Central Oregon towns outside of Bend this summer. Thomas "Russell is under arrest at Sa lem charged with passing a number of worthless checks on locallmerchanta. Fruit men about Eugena have begun to note that some damage has been dona by the recent heavy frosts to the cherry crop, -j . Alexftnder Crawford, Identified -with the upbuilding of Oregon since 1853, in dead at his home in Arlington, aged 88 years. . About 60 feet of the South Inlet county bridge near North Bend went down Monday when piling eaten by teredos broke off. . There Is yet five : eet of snow at the Tempest mine in Baker county, and sup plies for the miners are being taken in on hand sleds. Beginning May 1 members of Salem Carpenters' union will charge $7.20 for an eight hour day Instead of 87.50. which, ia the present scale. The Oregon and Cat Creek Oil com pany, .with headquarters In Portland, and capitalized at 8350,000, has filed ar ticles of incorporation at Salem. Stockholders of the Hotel Btnenn In Corvallis have agreed that the structure shall be started un noon as $00,000 worth of stock has been placed. A number of worthless checks have been scattered over Dallas during the past week by a pair of sharpers, ail be ing drawn on the tauas t;uy bank. Althouch the Santiam river has been dragged from Sanderson's bridge to its mouth, no trace has been found of the body of 13-year-old Clarence Anderson. drowned while swimming. Ray Johnson, a sheen shearer, was found dead near Kowsil by the side of his saddle horno with a Jagged wound in his right leg, thought to have been caused by a fair of elieep shears tied to the horn of his saddle, the shears severing an artery, causing him to bleed to death. WASHINGTON Stricken with cerebral 'hemorrhage. James M. Orlffith. 4, a retired rancher of Latah, died in a few moments without reraininir consciousness. To reduce expenses. Chelan county commissioners have consolidated the ol -fices of county agent, county soil pert and horticultural inspector. The Walla Walla city librarv is on the verge of bankruptcy, and 1500 pat rons living outside the city will be asked to pay a fee for use of books. Seattle will ftsge a campaign next wek to raise 1000 tons of flour to h shipped by water to the relief of the starving children of Europe, Mra Zada Bowers is in a critical con dition in a Yakima hospital from botul inus poisoning as the result of eating a spoonful of home-canned corn. The Deer Park school board is mak ing arrangements for a school election to pass upon a bond issue of 845,000 to meet the expense of a new school build ing. , The Barnes sawmill at Twin Lakes, near Colvitle. resumed operations this week with a full crw. There is enouch timber in sight to keep the mill running 25 years. Governor Hart has appointed V. K. Froula, principal of the Broadway high school in Seattle, to th state board of. education to succeed 1L M. Hart of iripokatie. f Reducing teachers salaries and do ing away with free text books and sup plies to keep within the limit of ex penses is being discussed by the Walla Walia school board. Upwards of.SOO Indians are expected to assemble at Proeser in Mar and re main well into June to avail themselves of their ancient fishing rights at Pros ser falls on the Yakima river. Nels Peterson, retired rancher, who was found dead in a SeatUe hotel. t believed to have committed suictdo ty dynamite. A piece of fuse and bits copper were found in the bed- A seepage of heavy oil is reported ! the basement ef the br"re of Al?r4 L'Ecuyer In Spekane. The flow has totaled many gallons of crude otl con taining e high percentage of gasoline. Alleging that Barnev Danaidmn. imi ing Non-partisan league organizer, had embezzled $J0,tK of the funds of tha Farmer-Labor State bank at Hillyard. depositors have petitioned for a re ceiver. t IDAHO Two mail sacks were cut open at the Roberts depot, near Idaho Kalis. Tues day night and contents stolen. The Idaho Clay Products company, owning 1500 acres of clay latd near Weiser, has Incorporated with a capi tal of $250,000. J. F. Honess. superintendent of the fish hatcheries at Ashton. planted 60,000 baby trout in streams in the Arco lo cality last week. Burglars Tuesday niacht looted the safety deposit boxes in the Valley State bank at Post Falls and took money and securities valued', at 'thousands or dol lars, i At! an election held In Cnkeville last Saturday the matter of a t'Ml.duQ bond issue for a new high school building was voted upon and carried by a majority Of 41. A state-wide butter and cheese scor ing contest for six months, beginning with May, will be held under the eu pervision of the dairy department of the University of Idaho. ICNOW YOUR ' n .-w s-t -w a a a t Va Sixteen lodges of the I. O. O., F. (Odd Fellows) are located in Port land. Their membership ranges from 116 to 711 for each lodge. There are 3980 Odd Fellows in Portland and 25,109 In the state as a whole.. The local lodges are: Arleta, Al berta. City View, Harmony, Hassalo, Industrial. Laurel. Minerva, Mount Scott, North Portland, Orient, Penin sular, Samaritan, Star, Villa and Woodlawn. The first lodge of Odd' Fellows to be located in Portland waa Samari tan No. 3, which was organized April 8, 1853. " The order owns the L O. O. F. home, valued at f 100,000, at Holgate and East Thirty-seventh streets. It has a valuable building site, valued at more than $100,000, at First and Alder streets, which will be disponed of and a site at Tenth and Salmon streets will bo built upon noon. The order - owns approzimately $30,000 worth of property in Portland. It carries on much philanthropic work. The general relief committee admin isters a large work in relief and visit ing members of lodges outside the City, expending on behalf of the lodges to which those needing assist ance belong many thousands of dol lars annually. Resident members are ministered to when In need by their own lodges. Charles Christiansen- is secretary of relief. E. E. Sharon, with headquarters In the I. O. O. F. temple at First and Alder, has occupied the position of secretary for more than 28 years. "Dr. A. H. Johnson of Portland is grand master and Fred M. J. Melndl of Portland is grand marshal. The L O. O. F. in Portland has two encampments Golden Rule and Ellison where further advancements are made in Odd Fellowship. There are about 1200 members in the two local encampment lodges. J. Nolan of Portland is the incoming grand patriarch of the state encampment. The 1. O. O. F. has also a "Canton Portland. No. 1, Patriarchs Militant," the uniformed order within - the or ganization, with ever 100 members. Major F. P. H. Mills is head of the Canton Portland.