MONDAY, I.TATXH CI.- It 'I.
8
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. ftORTLANTV OREGON
t '
. i:. jAt wiiv ruUUo'f
I H enln, b confMent. be cheerful nd 4o Mtt
, nth) a yn wmiid h. mem ao ame yow-1
1-ublwhett rrry wr-k day end Sunday mojitins
, at The Journal bildin, Broadway and -
. hill etreet, Portland, Oregon.
i-nterrd at the pewtoffu t 1'orUand, Orcm.
for InimWm UirmifO ttal aeite eecond
rlaw. matter. " "
lfc.1 Kl'HO.NKS Main 1?8. Auuiimuo Sttu-61.
All rt-r.rment r-echwi tT th e lmmbera.
J..ATIN1 ADVKRT181.NO RKPKKNTA
f TIVK Benjamin as Kentaor Co., BrunawV-k
solldinr. 225 Hfth avenue. Kw. Torti IK0
, - -ji i i
. . - . ....... .m..rt.1 1
f Bannser Co.. Kuminrr building, ben Frmn
' i . r. TltU Iimtuh huildine. Lot Aastimi
lyt-Intelligent boiMlng. H-attle.
1UK OUUS JODKNAL. twrM the risht to
- rrirt-t adnrtinn rffir which it dWIW obr
j-rtioneMe. r It al wilt not print any copy
that in any way xnulttn readme matter or
that cannot readily be. recufnued aa adrer-
SlBHCKliflON KATiJ
' By Carrier, Ciy and Country
- nAILY ANI 81,'NLtAY
On weak. , S .IS I On Ihonth. . ...$ .85
DAILY - 8UNOAT , .
On week. .....$ .10 J On week.. ..,.8 Of
riti mnnth 4S 1
BY MAIL. AM. RATES PAT A RLE IS ADV ASCII
DAII.T ANU HU.1UAI
One year. 88.00
Six month . . . . 4.33
i DAILY
(Without Sunday)
One year. .... .$6.00
tUt montha g.25
Three months. .. 1.7
One montTu 00
I WEEKLY
' (Every Wednesday)
;One year .(l.OO
Mir month. : .SO
ThtM month..". 82.Z5
On anonth. .... .75
SUNDAY -(Onhrl
Ona year. . . . . .$3.00
His mooUia. .... 1.70
Three saoaibs., 1.0
WEKKLT AND
BUN DAY
One year. .... .83.60
i The rates aoolr only In the West.
I Ratee to Eastern point fumlihed on applies'
ftion. . Make remittances by Money Order, Expreaa
' Ord.r er Iraft. It your noatorfice ia not a
Money Order office. 1 or J-nt atampe will be
iaarepied. Make all mnittancea parable to The
(Journal. Portland, Oregon.
t
A item dlaaiplioe pemdea all nature,
which ia a lieu cruel that it may be rery
kind. Hpesaer.
WHEN CONORfeSS MEETS
AN KXTRAORDINART esaloo of
the hew congress frill soon take
'up the long: postponed task of ad
1 justing domestic affair to new coa
;31tlons following the war.
I Among conditions, this generation
Stnever knew la a heavy war debtio
J; meet. The tax laws for war needs
I 'were made in time of war and be
,;cause of the haste in framing them
J there is not the scientific and just
! 'adjustment that intelligent states-
Imanship should provide. Patriotic
tjand Impartial revision of these laws.
I , with Hue consideration for the powet
, of individuals " and groups to pay,
should be one of the first acts of the
Snew congress. ' -: '
Congress should alsb note the fact
J that farm tenantry in America is on
'the increase. Farm mortgages rose
fin 10 years in Oregon from. S 4.7
fper cent of the 'farms to 49.T per
cent in 1920. The same process
!has been going on for a. generation.
There can be no other conclusion
than that our fiscal policy, under
.which manufacturing Industry has
J vastly expanded, has not adequately
'encouraged our agriculture. "
t Congress might well note the in
sistence of farmers that tariff duties
be so. adjusted that American wool
rather than foreign shoddies may be
the chief constituent. In American
jclothlng, and that in other cases
j where agricultural" industry la lan-
-gTjishiiJg , from, foreign : competition
adequate protection, be provided.
; This does not mean a Payne-
Aldrich tariff.. It has been such
.tariffs that have enriched the manu-
. ifacturer while giving the farmers
ind words and tariff husks,
Nor does It mean a wholesale re
vision of the schedules, but only such
'emergency ' measures as give, farm
illfe the largest-possible opportunity,
- ,What it does mean Is for congress
to keep In mind thaj the biggest
'industry in America, the Industry
that supports nearly half the popu
iatjon of America. . the- (hffustry
which has little or no representation
at Washington, js entitled to con
sideration ' and 'entitled to legislation
of any kind that tends ' to restore
lines of, agriculture that may be
languishing under foreign compett-
t tion
Whenever this nation is conserving
its agriculture and finding a way to
solve agricultural problems, it is in
creasing the buying - power of half
its people and Increasing the pros
perity of all Its people.
The sane automobile driver, who.
for many months, escapes accidents
with the., wild drivers, has given in'
disputable -evidence of his' expert
ness at handling an automobile.
RIDERS AND WALKERS
efONT stop," he said. "Let the
LV driver do the stopping; we
have the right of -way." -.'
With his' hand - at the young
woman's elbow,, her escort urged her
forward, at the same time, uttering
his exclam&ntion and glaring' t the
driver "of the motor which at the
moment,-, with locked and . sliding
wheels, was, within half a dozen feet
of the .two. . . : .. ; . ;.
It happened on Park street in Port
land a few evenings afo. The driver
of the machine had committed what
I Mr .
LL il
to many pedestrians is the unforgiv
able sin. He had noted that the'
you ng woman -and her escort were
oblivious of traffic, and , he had
sounded his norn. The street was
Bllptv?ry and to brings a ton and 4a
half of ponderous mechanism 'to a
sudden halt was not easy. .
How many times a day pedestrians
scowl at motorists Who warn them
of their approach! How often they
deliberately - retard their steps in
order that their entire contempt for
the rights of wheeled traffic may be
the more evident! ; .
The machine brushed the skirts of
the young woman in the Park street
incident. Thus narrowly another
hurried ambulance tripfc? the hospi
tal was averted, f .. ;
? Pedestrians ' have their , rights
which motorists are compelled by
law to consider. JBut motorists have
also rights not j less binding upon
pedestrians. "The' attitude J of. the
young man on Park street is a
breeder, of 111 will and of a,ccldents.
Only mutual consideration and fore
thought on "the part of those who
walk and those Who ride- will solve
the safety problem of Portland's
streets. . : . . : i . . . 1 ... . .
The report of the American Tele
phone &. Telegraph company says
nearly 300ft men are working the
year round to discover improved in
struments for increasing the effici
ency and decreasing the cost of tele
phone service. ; Who is to get the
benefit of' the discoveries, the tele
phone company or the public? So
far the public has received no bene
fit from the research in the form of
decreased costs. : And it is the pub
lic tht is paying the salaries of the
scientists. ;- 4 -ji- . ' '- " V
,ONLY GROWING PAINS
nPHE slump In shipping only partly
A explains the '; foreign commerce
figures of the -United States for, the
first month of 1 9 2 L ; " ' " ; 7
Imports represented a total Value
of $208,814,882 as compared with
$47.823,869 for January. 1920. v'
Exports totaled $654,740,158 and
the exports of January a year ago
reached $722,0(3,790.
On the face of the returns busi
ness has dropped dlscouragingly. But
closer analysis reveals less reason
for, discouragement and more cause
for believing that trade is rebalanc
ing in a manner ' far from . disad
vantageous to this country. ; I
In January of j 192 A. for Instance,
we Imported $215,451,004 'worth of
crude materials Tor use in manufac
turing, and during 'January of this
year Imports of the same nature rep
resented a value of only $63,046,717.
But in January of this year we
exported $299,076,836 . worth of
manufactures ready for consumption
as compared : witliV $218,981,975 , ,in
January 1920. ,,; - l I ''-(, ':."
The crude materials for use In
manufacturing exported last Janu
ary were valued at $112,856,045, and
durlnk January. jl!20, $237,462,131.
But in this connection if must be
remembered that crude ' materials
which pass through the manufactur
ing process before they are exported
represent a.. greater selling value,
which is contributed by the labor of
American wbrklngmen, transporta
tion Service and other means pf in
creased employment.; ' i ; '
Our Imports of foods ; and food
animals were twice as large a year
ago as last January, but ou exports
of food and food animals had grown
from $44,402,886 in January of 1920
to $75,481,664 In January this year.
It Is not a sign, of continued bad
times when the exportatlons of man
ufactured articles , and foodstuffs
grow; and the importations of the
same" articles fall off.
The condensed commerce record
of seven ' months ending with Janu
ary shows a loss In imports and a
gain in exports. ;The Import figures
for seVen months we're $2,543,797,398
and for a corresponding, period a
year ago were $2,767,677,509. Ex
ports, however, gained from $4,585,
068,029 to $4,637,337,788.
1 Such figures suggest the patient
who has called the doctor in great
fear only to be told that growing
pains are never fatal and that the
pulse still beats normally and strong.
We are told that big navies are
guarantees of peace. : We have liad
navies since Ion before r Salami.
And we have never had peace except
long enough to rebuild the fleets.
-:- SIGNS THAT FAli -
TPHERE Is the story of the farmer
A who built a fine home and nut"
the pig pen 1 the front yard. '
"Because," said ho, "why should
all that grass in s" the lawn eo to
waste when the pigs can make pork
of ltT" , " f ,
There ts also' the story of the'
woman who had , a wide -t veranda
built around the ; house, 1 and hung
her washing on it each "Monday in.
full View of the neighbors.
"Because,'' -said she, "it's a fine
shelter from the rain, and why
shouldn't : these 1 snippy " Jenkinses
down the street see what nice things
we have ? - f , -! - -1 ' ,
While there mky be no account
ing, for tastes, there is usually aif
explanation, a
Over on the east side of. Portland
wnere tne east and west streets and
the north and south streets Intersect
diagonal Sandy boulevard, there are
two small 1 triangular ' spots ; sur
rounded entirely by; sidewalk and
pavement. ' ' - ' . . , -;. . . ;; , ,
At first r they f were neglected.
Finally some one planted shrubbery
and they became , beauty spots. But
in the midst of the campaign to give
Sandy boulevard a name that sug
gests the Portland rose and to make
it an avenue of beauty leading to
the Colum$la River highway, the
platters of the tract suddenly re
membered their unalienated owner
ship. Rudely thrust among the fra
gile branches and the budding green
of the shrubbery appeared shrieking
signs. . . . v."; - .
Thacity, through Us park bureau,
it appears by a statement of the park
superintendent, has no authority to
remove the signs, inharmonious as
they are wlththe plan of a beauti
fied boulevard. Perhaps tne owners,
on sober second thought, will change
their view, and, as a business Invest
ment, help their fellow townsmen
make their city a city beautiful. ;
. . 1 1 .1 1 -: " . ) : .
'- ! 11 a
Contrary to general supposition
the thrift campaign did not originate
in 'the world war. Thrift Magazine
tells of a Chinese bank note .Issued
4800 years i ago. which, translated,
had these f words - printed upon it,
"However -much you possess, strive
to be thrifty." If American coins and
currency today contained in addition
to the words, "In God We Trust,"
something like "Savs -. Part of Every
Dime und Dollar," it is quite certain
Providence -could not be of f ended. '
' HELPING HI14 KILLf , .,
- -
WITH the mother love, she knelt
over ner ailing son at Oregon
City. She feared for his health. In
her hand he held the medicine
filled spoon.: calculated to end his
suffering and bring him back to
health. It . was the mother caring
for her son..
The boy rebelled. He refused to
accept the mother's aid and become
violently enraged. He knew that
neighbors r had a revolver. Im
pulsively he ran to the other house,
borrowed the. gun, returned home
and sent two bullets into his mother's
body and one Jnto her head., She
is lying today at the point of death
in a Portland hospital. 5 ' L -
1, That is why people keep guns to
malm of kilt. - The burglar, the mur
derer, the assassin and the highway
man '. use tjiem In their nefarious
work. They employ, them'to coerce
and kill. ' They keep them for of
fensive purposes. As a result law
abiding citisens purchase guns for
defensive purposes. They keep them
in the home and sometimes tote
them. A child or demented person
secures the gun and a playmate,
brother or mother la shot to death.
But the burglars and assassins and
murderers and highwaymen can buy
revolvers -at will. They are manu
factured by the thousands every day
and placed, on sale. ? , , r
And what is the penalty for carry
ing concealed weapons? It ia usually
an Insignificant fine.
We sell revolvers to men without
question. Bufc if they'' are used the
owners usually go to the penitentiary
for life or to the; gallows and some
body else' goes to the grave.
The former imperial navy yard of
Germany Is engaged In converting
war vessels Into cargo boats at Dan
tig. The task iswhatv; might be
termed a jnarine phase of beating
the sword into the ploughshare.
THE RECALL
IT IS not "vicious" to advocate
the recall of public officials. , Nor
is it 'radical.? Nor is it ?wrong."i
This is a free country. The hope
is that it may always remain- a coun
try' of free speech in spite of the ef
forts of some to apply gag rule. Free
speech, free worship. ' an open- as
sembly, are necessary, conditions Of
free government. If thlsts not true
the Declaration of Independence and
the American constitution . are .fic
tions. :" ; : v ; .v 4,4;
Advocacy of the recall, discussion
of the'eeall or -any; other "proposals
regarding the recall are any free
man's right In America. Any indi
vidual has the right to condemn the
recall as an instrument of govern
ment, or to condemn a proposed ap
plication of it.. Any man has the
right to oppose it as a policy: ot to
oppose its use." That right Is a
part of free speech. ; - i;-::': iV
So, on the other hand, , any indi
vidual citizen has the right to advo
cate it as a policy and to urge its
application to any official and to
give reasons. :The -whole structure
of free government rests oh the right
of the individual to speak or write
his opinion without hindrance, so
long as his words are not treason
able or disloyal. . . -
.The recall is' a useful tool. It is
a reserve force whose existence helps'
to hold public officials in the line, of
their duty. Theodore Roosevelt pubn
licly advocated the recall. of judges,
a course upon which there Is division
of opinion. He could hardly be
called a "radical - or vicious."' : "
. . Too frequent use of the recall
would ' be, a mistake. 80 would usel
of it without sufficient reason. That
would tend to bring it Into disrespect,
and - might cause- this most useful
governmental tool to be abolished
through , the , clamor against It that
might result. . . u ' ' - :
- Even if it is not applied in the
present-case, it has rendered a serv
ice. , Agitation for it has directed
public attention to and aroused pub
lie sentiment against manifest abuses
by a grasping telephone monopoly,
whose , acts should bring about na
tional ; investigation.,.. ! i f '
These remarks are in response to
inquiries in a letter published in The
Journal yesterday. . - k -' .;::
One day the Reds have the upper
hand in Russia, the next day it Is
the Whites, ' And the whole country
seems to have the Blues.
BELGIUM'S DEBT
TO UNCLE SAM
Question 9f Payment With German
Bonds Discussed by American Edit-;
ore Some O. K. Any Offer, la View
of Belgium's Services to the
. ; World, but Moat See. Beyond .
That, an . Allies' Rush to ; ,
Unload on America, ,
".Daily Editorial Digest
- , (Coaaolidated Newa AaaociaUon)
' Tlia.nialnritv Af Anwriiiatt newSDaDerS
are not in favor of allowing BeJgium'
to pay aerv aeots to tae .uiniiea otaiei
...I.V. r..m. n KnnA. T"(a AAlnfAfl iA not
unsympathetically expressed -some writ
ers even think we are under such obli
gation to Belgium for her conduct in
the war that we should deal with ber on
her own term. But for the most pan
it Is Jelt that acceptance of German
mm,. frrtm:,nr aiKtar iwuntrV mifirht
create a precedent which might eventu
ally place tne responsttnuty 01 emorc-ine-
Oerman navments from allies' shoul
ders to Uncle Sam's, v ; 1 :-' r
. - . e
' "It is a ' most satisfactory scheme,"
remarks the Durham N. C), Sun (Ind.)
and then ironically adds, 'for Europe."
The Sun explains Its position by stating
that though The Belgian debt 'is small
In comparison with the Vast amounts
owed tle United ; Statea." still, were
Americans to "accept German bonds for
the Belgian debt, she would be pressed
to- do- the tun for the French, the Brit
ish and the Italian-debt." .This would
mean, lb substance, "that the allies would
simply shift, their great ebt - to tne
LThited ' States" to 1 Germany. An even
more emphatic expression comes from
the Sioux , City . (Iowa) Journal (Rep.),
which declares: "It is not the business
of Che United States to collect any part
of the German indemnity. The United
States has nothing coming from Ger
many in the way of indemnity. Let. the
European nations do their own collecting.
While they are exacUnfe thelr last pound
of flesh from Germany it would be be
coming of them if they were to announce
that their obligations to the united
States would be paid. Interest and prin
cipal, to the last penny, at the earliest
possible moment" . j . i -
., . . . '.,..;. e .-;;,:
' Of course everybody wants to help
Belgium, says the Manchester. Union
(Ind. Rep.), reflecting an attitude that
even the critics of the plan seem to take
for granted, and, it continues, we would
not want to minimize the sufferings of
the heroic little country, but it is only
true to say .that there has been a great
deal of exaggeration with respect to
the actual damage done to Belgium's
productive equipment On the other hand,
Belgium has capitalised her sufferings."
But the question is deeper than this.
It "goes straight down to the basio pur
pose of France" to put all the financial
burdens on the Get-mans, continues the
Union, which confesses itself ''gun-shy"
of all proposals "looking to the maneu
vering of our country into the office of
debt collector in Germany. We have
seen too much in the last two years to
want that Job." . , ,
. e e .
The Seattle Times (Ind.) eels ' that
the proposition "has very little that will
command - itself to the - ' financiers or
statesmen of the country.' The Times
regards the suggestion as "the thin edge
of the wedge that some allied' financiers
long have been striving to drive between
the United States treasury and the obli
gations they owe it." Since congress,
so far, has been able to "maintain an at
titude ot complete neutrality in all the
post-bellum disagreements of Europe"
it would be short-sighted action "to in
volve the country" now, through accept
ance of German bonds, "in all Europe's
future acrimonious debates., f ' " j
- The Fort Worth Star Telegram (Ind.
Dem.) finds -no great objectidn to the
plan itself, but would withhold approval
until the German reparations "question
is "settled upon such a basis as to insure
that Germany will pay, fori Tz the
amount assessed against Germany should
be beyond Germany's ability to pay,, if
the economio impossibilities proposed at
the recent allied conference should be
insisted upon, then even the bonds pro
vided for in this agreement in connection
with the Belgian debt would be 'of very
questionable value. : Unless some special
provision were made for their redemp
tion, amounting practically to a joint
guarantee and indorsement by the allied
governments, they will be on the same
level with every other dollar of the
amount of the reparations, and if such
special provision were made and such
guarantees given, the basing of the bonds
on German reparations would be more or
less of a mere matter of form."
- ' i :I - 1 - ? : -' -' ; ':
The case of Belrlum alone mleht not
be difficult to handle, the Pittsburg Ga-
sette Times (Rep.) believes, but "in alt
probability it would, mean' the Initial
movement in transferring to .Uncle Sam
the greater part of the foreign indebted
ness." Thus, though "Americans will
go far to help Belgium, for whom their
sympathy is profound," the Gazette con
cludes, -'they are also reasonably- - con
cerned- for ttheir own -welfare." - The
Cleveland Plain Dealer (Ind. Dem.) looks
upon the question jnuch more sympa
thetically, calling attention as well Jo
the practical advantage of scheme
which would enable this nation to col
lect promptly an obligation whlchother
wise, "Belgium is likely to find extremely
difficult to meet within a reasonable
time." The Plain Dealer points out, how
ever, that the United States should, make
clear "that its acceptance of German
bonds is not to be construed as prece
dent justifying the acceptance later of
lute bonds" from the other European
debtors. This reservation the Springfield
Union (Rep.) apparently considers hard
ly, necessary,' for it remarks that "it
would establish no precedent that could
affect the obligations of other allied
governments- to us. because this ' pro
vision was a special one on account of
the German violation of Belgian neu
trality." ... -
r The Philadelphia Record (Ind. Dem.)
and the Lynchburg News ; (Dem.) . go
much farther than this. Following the
reasoning set forth by the Springfield
Union the - Record states ' flatly that
"there is no analogy between the case of
Great Britain, France and Italy, whose
governments were Intact and at. home
during the whole war, collecting Uaxes
and selling bonds' If the Harding ad
ministration, it concludes, - "should be
less liberal to Belgium" than the Wilson
regime was, "its popularity will not be
enhanced ' at home." The Lynchburg
News is thoroughly in favor of taking
German securities rather .than "gold
from Belgium,' urging that '"surely the
time is not at hand when with ' absolute
finality it may be said that Germany's
promise to pay should be regarded as
altogether uncollectable" : indeed, m the
opinion of the News, even If the paper
was worthless, "the united States could
remit outright the entire Belgian debt-
aye, ten times that debt and yet remain
debtor to the high souled government and
the people of that loyal little kingdom."
Curious Bits of Information
' Gleaned From Curious Places
At Nuremburg there is a statue to Pe
ter Henleln, who is credited these with
being- the inventor of the watch. - But
Leopold Reverchon shows In Ia Nature
that,- after all, Henlein Invented ftothlne
but the ring by which a wktch is held to
a chain, for clocks with spring and stack
freed had already been made for nearly a
century and all ha had to do was to make
small ones. Henlein was born in 1480
and became a master locksmith In 1609.
Now, in 1504 Julieu Moudray of Blois.
France, was already 'a master-watchmaker
of the first class, as is proved by
an order on the cashier of Louis XII
to pay 19 livrea and 4 sous to him as
"watchmaker to the kmsr." And in 1818
he made a watch for Francis I so small
that it was inserted In the pommel of the
king's dagger. It is therefore more prob
able that Coudray was making watches
before Henlein. .
Letters From the People
fCommunlrAtinna aent to The Journal for
pubiloaUon ia this department tbould be writtten
on only en aide ot tbe paper; ahould not exceed
SOO worda in ienttA. and nroat be aicned by the
riter, wboaa awl addreaa 4a full aMt accom
pany the contribution. )
INCOME OR SINGLE TAX
Advocate . of , the Latter Identlf ies It
With the Former in "Principle
Portland. March 8. -To the- Editor of
The Journal. If anyone is still obsessed
with the idea that the single tax senti
ment is confined exclusively to Oregon,
and. that only to labor unions, he should
disabuse his mind of it by reading the
report of the poll of the National Eco
nomio league. - These men, whose ex
pression of opinion was asked pn differ
ent methods of taxation, comprise such
men as President Harding, ex-President
Taft, Governor James M. Cox of Ohio.
Charles W.. Eliot, ; former president of
Harvard.- and Nicholas Murray Buttler,
president of Columbia university. Five
hundred and thirty representative men
of the United States voted. The ma
jority were in favor-of the -income tax
for 'federal purpose. :. The. vote on single
tax was : Yes. 162 ; no. 317 a little
better percentage -than the popular vote
on the three Pacific Coast states last
fall. So it is fair to presume these men
reDrcsent-the oeoole as a whole. .It isn't
much of a change in the psychology of
men to change from conception of the
income tax to Bingle tax. All that- is
necessary is to show that all great In
comes are merely the collection of eco
nomic rent in one form or another and
that the single tax answers i all the
objects of the income tax -and costs
practically nothing to collect, compared
with the income tax, and, above auT is
Just, and, incidentally, stops profiteering
Jn ;landr values. .: ,J. R. Hermann. -
ARGUES FOR PHONE RATE RAISE
Portland. March 12. To the Editor of
The Journal I am absolutely in favor
of the telephone company in the matter
of the raise in rates -for various reasons.
The telephone company promises ex
tensive improvements. - and employment
for a vast number of men. This we all
realize will be very beneficial .for state
and -city business and for the individual
as well. And as the. company promises,
it will also fulfill, I am sure. i
The majority of objectoss to this good
cause are of a class who are at present
and have all the time been . drawing
large salaries, and I dare say they are
not all property owners or legal voters.
The latter class, if any, are making the
most noise. This also" applies to the
man in business' tfte same as; to wage
reamers. . ;
I say, allow . the phone company its
increase in rates unmolested. I venture
to say all wil benefit. As to the money
that would be - required for a special
election to recall the commissioners, let
us keep itt and, use it to a better pur
pose. ; """r -"".i;' ;'-:"
- l am a taxpayer and legal voter,
American born and aresident of Port
land since 1889. - ; F. W. .Drake. .
-r
Cost Plus Phones
From the Salem Capital-Journal.
Jn granting increased telephone rates,
the public service, commission followed
the "precedent established not only by it
self, but by nearly all other State public
service commissions as well as the inter-,
state commerce commission in fixing
L rates so that they will yield a fixed re
turn upon investment above expenses to
stockholders and Investors. -
-. The theory has been that of the "cost
plus system" applied to public service
corporations wherein the company was
entitled to cost of operation plus a fixed
profit There Is, therefore, no incentive
to the company to economize in opera
tion or to reduce expenditure by more ef
ficient management, for any increased
expenditure was simply passed on to the
public in the toyn -of higher rates, and
the greater the expense, the greater the
profits, v The cost plus ' system, which
was developed ' to its highest , capacity
during the war, . was excusable then as
an emergency. ? After ? the war it was
utilized by the profiteer and is largely
the cause of -the high cost of living by
inflation. - Business finds itself in its
present depressed condition as aresuit.
There is no reason why investment in
a- public service corporation should be
more sacred than in any other corpora
tion er why the public should have to
foot the losses. As long as it is. there
will be no incentive for efficiency, but a
constant tendency, to pile -on the costs
unUl .they reach such a point that the
public will in self-defense have to take
over the properties which Is . the real
objective Of the railroads and probably
most, of . the, other -.public, service con
cerns.!. ..-'.-'.-:.
One ' thing has - been demonstrated
beyond a shadow of a doubt, and that is
that increasing costs to the , pubUc be
yond ! a reasonable, point," diminishes
rather than increases - the revenue se
cured,: because -business, cannot stand
the increased rates, and their payment is
too much of a penalty. This is now true
of the railroads .and - will also prove
true of the telephone company.
-When a private corporation gets top
heavy and cannot make a profit, it goes
without it, liquidates and . reorganizes
on a new basis. -It is hard on the. in
vestor, but it. is the economic law. But
the public service corporation . has been
placed on a plane above the -economio
law, and hence the trouble overtaking it.
Characteristic of a corporation like
the telephone monopoly is that , it never
gets enough. The mere fact that the
American Telephone V Telegraph -company,
the owner of the company oper
ating in Oregon, Is not, only paying div
idends but piling up a huge surplus, is
proof enough thai telephone and9, tele
graph rates the country over are already
higher than justified, it -not in Oregon,
certainly elsewhere. If. the rates in Ore
gon should be raised, - those in other
states should be reduced but good care
is taken to increase expense" instead and
maintain the cost plus system.'
. INELIGIBLE AS FATHER t '
.Tea. X am going to marry Mr. Bul
lion." -
"Rosily? Why, he's old enough to be
your father r" . ; -
"I know. But unfortunately: he doesn't
seem to care for mother."
TOR SOMNOLENT FEET "
Shopper (looking at socks) : "Aren't
they rather loud?"
Salesman: "Tea, sir; they are espe
ciaTry made for persons : whose feet are
in the habit of going to sleep." '
Uncle Jeff Snow Says
Preacher Lakes last Sunday prayed f er
a, -world jpeacc but he voted agin it last
fall. Deacon Loppman b'lrves the Lord 11
bring world peace about somehow, or
other, in what he calls "his own good
time," but ' I argyfled with him after
the meetin. of - course that oniess we
mixed religion and boss sense into our
politics the Lord might hold off a mighty
long spelL- Talkin' world peace won't
help as much after all as some folks
thinks. : If what we think and pray -f er
ain't worth votln for then it ain't worth
thinkin' about nor pray in' about nuther.
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE V""
Were you In the . fron$ pew. Sunday?
Neither were we., . - " ,
Onion week is being planned. Ought
to- be a -strong attraction. '
In the matter" of price, gingham and
calico are tepidly taking rank with silk
and satin. - - " ,
The crops that come from sowing the
seeds of dissension, are neither, popular
nor profitable. m " . . - .
' It's become more than ever impos
sible to, guess a - woman's age - by - the
color of iier hair. .-;- . - .
"Eat an onion a day and keep the
doctor away." The effect automatically
follows the cause, -' , .
, We'll be glad to take care of any sac
ramental wine the Rev. . Mr. George
cavil' t feed to his !oqs. : ,. ,
The home gardener Sunday reveled fn
his' orchid appetite .by planting the
seeds of his swet-pea income. - ; '
- Yes and the devil ' ie blamed for a
lot - of things that nothing .but an
ornery disposition s - responsible for.
"'A new comet'&f the ninth magnitude
can't expect to get as much attention
from our readers as eggs at 80 cents a
dozen. .. tC-V ,." :' V: K-
The Arabs! are said - to- have Intro
duced both algebra and alcohol into the
world- Perhaps soMhat youth and age
might have concurrent woes.- ;
1 a ' -9 ' '! 1 ' " ..i . .
7: iVtORE vOR LESS PERSONAL
r Randoiry Observations About Town
"It is the terrific eold that awes one,"
said Mrs. J. C. Newmarch, who with
her husband is registered at i the Mult
nomah from White Hprse. .Yukon Terri
tory. "The northern lights. are spooky,
too. and they seem -to crackle in the
eold. But the real sold spells are never
accompanied by wind." Mr. Newmarch
is 'a White Horse banker and expects
much front the tourist : travel. Every
year several hundreds, pleasure bent,
vielt White HOrse, and there is the feel
ing In that northern town that more
WIU come with each succeeding; year.
Mr. and Mrs. Newmarch will tour Ore
gon and California, by automobile before
returning to their home in the Yukon.
: -
! Wallie Held; famous movie actor, is
at the Imperial.1' In coming from British
Columbia a day or so ago he lost-some
valuable baggage, . The cork came dut
e , e . :
H.' W. Collins,' George Strane and ROy
W. Ritner of Pendleton are in Portland
taking in the sighU of the metropolis.
C. H. Watzek of Waunsvis at the
Portland. . .
,- ..., - ";:.;.;.' e.; i .::, yt:.:'J
G. R, Curran of Cor vail la la a guest,
at the Portland. ' ,; ' ; ' '
Herbert -Armstrong of North Bend is
registered at the Portland. .
. i -
M. B. Connelly of Pendleton . Is trans
acting business . in Portland. . . -.
F. ' B. Mercer of -Hood River, is at
the Imperial.' - - - .-'
e e " ' . ,i i
A. F. Williams is here from Marsh
field. . ", " i t .
Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Dunn of Cascade
Locks are registered- at the IffAperial.
S. K. Crane of Salem is making a
flying visit to the metropolis.
. . i . ,
E. C Dunn of. Corvallls . Is at the
Mufrnomah.
k Mr. and Mrs. w. H. 'Blowers ef -Eugene
are guests at the Benson. .
, .... -A ...,.:
Mr. and Mrs. I B. Bend and daugh
ter of Bend kre at the Benson.
.. e
Robert Waugh pf Hood River is .a
Portland visitor. -
e ' e
E. J. Kqschl of Xakeview is at the
Multnomah. . . .
. . e e e ' -
K. H. Veatch of Cottage Grove is at
the Multnomah.
. .... . "
Mr. and Mrs, H. B, Parker of Astoria
are guests at the Multnomah.
Luelle Roe of Corvallls Is registered
at the Multnomah. t .
J.. O. Watson, attorney of Roseburg,
is-a Portland Visitor.
William M. Beveridge of Hood River Is
at the Multnomah, n
.... e e
W. H. " Lee of Rainier is a Portland
visitor.- '
fe.- W. Perkins of St. Helens is at
the Bensoh. ' . . : v -.. - r .
- . a se.r-.' - ;
K M. Bannister of Athena, is 'at the
Oregon. . ' ; '.. .
. Miss - M: Neat f of Hood ' River is a
guest a,ihe;Xregon.-i, -j j
i- ' e .,- -
George, E. Hbuck of .Roseburg is at
the Imperial, ' ,
Albert W. Keed ' of Vale s Is s' guest
at the Imperial. .. . ? '.K
OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS ;.
OF THE JOURNAL MAN - :"
- - By Fred Loekley . -y ., .
f Two well known, and hihly efficient eoUeg
officiaJa are Mr. Leekley'a aabjeeta today, one
ot then president, tbe other dean, of WiUam
etta anierity. Their reeorda, here recited,
at teat a wide ranf a ot each intereau and actiTi
Uea aa make men moat useful to their fellow-.
Inen. . ' . ' . - . .
- Carl G. Doney "has been president of
Willamette university five years. Whtte
t had known Dri Doney in the United
States, , It; was not until we were Jn
France togethertbat 1- became .well ao
quainted with him. ' "I was born on a
farm " near Columbus,, - Ohio, July It,
1867," said Dr. Doney, in ' answer to
my question. "Affet going .through the
public school ! went to the Ohio state
university and was graduated in 1891.
I was warded further degrees by Ohio
Wesleyan and Harvard. My first pas
torate was at Balhbridge, Ohio, where
I served . the .Methodist 'church two
years. Later 1 was pastor at Granville,
at Delaware and Columbus, in Ohio," and
at Washington, Di Ca I was pastor of
a college church from 1898 to 107, and
from 1907 to 1915 I was president of
West Virginia Wesleyan college, at
Buckhannorr, W. Va. - From there I came
to Salem to - bedbme president of WIU
lametta university 'X put In my spare
Jtime not required 3n -preaching r teach
ing, in writing, i jay iira .iwoa wai
The Throne Room of the Soul." The
last book I have issued Is "The Efficient
Church." ' -'
: "On SepUmbee 1893, I married Jen
nie A. Evans Of Columbus. Ohio. We
have two sons. -Hall, 20 -years of age,
who - was' graduated - from-,--Willamette
university last year and is now at Wes
leyan university, and Hughe, who is 18,
and a junior In Willamette university.
"Duria the war . I was one of the
four-minute men of the council of de
fense and made addresses at various
universities and in many cities in Ore
gon and California. In 4918 I went to
France, where 1 put in several months
delivering lectures to the soldiers When
2 have an opportunity-1 4ike to hunt and
fish, though I find, very little 'lime for
NEWS IN BRIEF
i SIDELIGHTS . "
After paying the rate Increase, the tel
ephone user might relieve his outraged
feelings to some extent by omitting the
"o'V in "Hello 1" Weston Leader.
If some of our unemployed reformer
would onlv cut in six days' labor per
week we wouldn't hear so much about
Biue Sundays. ---Hood Krver News.
The new whitewashed alleys on the
city pavements remind us that Cor vail is
is a rapidly growing city. Benton
County ew .".
We are undecided, after seeing and
smelling (but not tasting) several sam-
Kles Whether the fellow who will drink
ome brew should be fined or awarded
a medal for , bravery. Polk County
ltemiser. . .,m -. ,;vV
To sum Up' the -climate of this valley,
We have about three months of near win
ter, two months of. near summer and ths
rest of the year can go as early in the
spring or late irv the fall CoquiUe- Val
ley Sentinel. ; - ' - t .
Sittin
ing by the roadside - wishing you
six cylinder motor car won't "take
lome. A ."soft job" will get you
had a
vnn borne
nowhere. Ufa is much like atrnianlnn :
to stop is to drop, and to drop is to
"bust Aurora Observer.
Now sorrow abounds In rreat big
chunks In dor desolate heart. We missed
a unday chicken dinner because the
would-be-hostess could not find ua Sat
urday evening to verbally extend the in
vitation. Tualatin Valley News.
- Portland and the Northwest will . be
Invaded the latter part ot April by two
coach loads of prominent hotel men
from the Kast. whose mission will be
to cement the present spirit of frater
nity and hospitality between the Eastern
and Western divisions of the hotel pro
fession. The tour wilt-start from New
York city, April 2. and will consume
80 days, with this coast and particularly
tht Northwest, as the objective point.
It is notratnown at this time upon what
exact date the delegation W411 reach the
hum -ciiy, - eiops at interesting points
en routs will be made.
.
"Forty-fold - wheal was sown largely
by wheat growers In the La Grande
vicinity, although the total acreage of
winter wheat was not so great as usual,"
said Al.T.-Hill, department store owner
of La - Grande, registered at the Mult
nomah. "A considerably larcer acre
age of spring wheat has been sown.
and weather conditions have been fa'
vorable, with the result that growers are
looking forward to excellent crops,"
Mrs. Balfe Ulrich and daughter ! Bar
bara Jeanne of Pendleton are visiting
Mr. and Mrs, Dan McQuade In Portland.
'Mrs. 'Leslie E. Gibbs of Pendleton is In
Portland to meet her mother, MrarN. D,
S.wearingen. .. .
: -:'.1 : :
Mrs. Mary Hicks and her youthful
son James of Woodburn have' moved, to
Portland. : -; ' -
e .
- Mra HI Overton ot Wood born is visit
ing her mother, Mrs. Parrish, In Port
land.
- "O
Mra M. A. Mitscher, who signs herself
"V. s. Navy," is a guest at the Mult
nomah;-:' ...
Sn A ' St
Marvel Robblns and Claire Sayre of
Sherwood are guests at the Benson.
u , e
C. M. Kldd of Medford is at the Mult
nomah. - "- ' - - -
A. A. Shonbeck of Anchorage, Alaska,
is at the Multnomah. , . . ., .
Fred Lemcke of Canyon City is at the
Perkins. ; . . -
'. e ' e -'
F. W. Ritchie of Burns is registered
at the Perkins.
. , . . e . e e
' Glen Manley of Salem is a Portland
visitor. S . . ...
-Mr. and Mrs E. W. Carpenter of La
Grande are PorUand visitors. - a
Mrs. K. E. Sawyer of Bend, is visiting
her mother in Portland. ,''
...... . . e,. e
J. C. McMurray of Bend- has moved
to Portland.
e ' e .i e ". ' !
Jack Thomas of Helix is a Portland
.visitor. -
O. H. GUI of The Dalles is a Portland
visitor. ..: - -
' J. ,Lyman of La Grande is at the
Oregon. , . - - . !-,,..--.,
. y .. e e. e
A. M. Dalrymple is registered at the
Hotel Oregon. . -
. , . .. e e e ... -.
W. H. Keating of Kings Valley is at
the Oregon. j--..
. e e e . r
George H. Gsaves of Salem is a Port
land visitor. "- '
L. J. Allen of Corvallls is a guest at
the Imperial. ' , ,
C. C. Cathay of Albahy-ie registered
at the Oregon. 1 '
pleasures of this kind, for my Ufa
work is to try to help young people to
try to find -themselves, and to fit them
for their work." - -
;-;'.: e e .,e ; " :
If you will look -in 'Who's Who in
America" for 1921 you will , find the
name of George Henry Alden,. dean oil
Willamette university at Salem,
"My father. Rev. Edwin Hyde Alden.
was a descendant of John Alden. of the
Mayflower,'- - said - Dr. .Alden. "The
maiden name of my mother was Anna
Whltemore of St. Albans,: Vt I was born
August 30, 1868, at Tunbridge, YU Uy
parents moved to Southern Minnesota
when X- was tees than 8 - years old. I
worked my -way through Carleton . col
lege, - at -Northfleld,- ;M Inn. During my
college course -i -taught two years to
earn -rooneyi: to eontinue my schooling.
After; ray-; graduation, in 1891, I served
a year, as superintendent of schools at
Tracy, Minn, went then to Harvard
and took the A. B. degree. ' My research
work in Harvard secured me a . fellow
ship in history at the University of .Chi
cago. - After two - years there I re
ceived a teaching fellowship in the Uni
versity of Wisconsin.- My first appoint
ment to a regular college professorship,
that of history anf science of govern
ment. Was in - Cornell college, at.- Mt.
Vernon, Iowa. While there I married
Miss -Oora Hall Page, a former class
mate at Carleton. . At the time of our
marriage she was teaching in the Min
neapolis high school. I succeeded
Charles H. Cooper as professor of his
tory and political science at Carleton
college. After five years at Carleton I
accepted an assistant professorships of
history in- the University of Washing
ton, at Seattle. v In 1909 I . dropped out of
college work and became a real estate
operator. . In 1914 I came to Willamette
university. I feel that every man owes
It to the community in which be resides
to Identify himself with the activities
of the city. For this reason I have be
come identified with the Civics club,
and I am also on the steering commit
tee of a law enforcement organization."
The Oregon Country
Nortbweet Happeninsa in Brief Form tot the
Biui Reader
V OREGON NOTES ,
Manufacture of tannic add is a Lew
industry at Gold Beach on iiogue river.
The sawmill owned hv Jmm I jiw. on
Bear creelrin Lane county was destroyed
by fire last week.
Business men of ' Hood " River have
gone on record unanimously as opposed
io m erases snup.
Residents of Scanonnsa have nurchased
two lota and will build a parsonage foe
Kev. II. Dorks, naator of the Community
church. v
Five dozen China theaanta from the
state game farm at Corvallls were re
leased at various points in Jackson
county a few days ego.
The farm bureau of Doualaa eounfv
has launched a campaign to secure 1009
family mtTnbernhlps. The fee ts placed
at 5 a year per member.
For the first time in four veara 1 ma -
tilla now has a city administration mm.
posed entirely of men. the women hav
ing become tired of the Job.
Vneetlne authorlied the city treasurer to
fay IT is.ooo general rund bonds ox
911. which become due April 1.
School directors at Baker- are furnish
ing under-nourished children with milk
during echool hours and spoclal rest and
recreation periods are afforded tnem.
Because she bsoka nor oarole Delia
Williams, an Indian girl axed 22. has
been returned -to the state penitentiary
to serve a term of two years on a charge
of larceny.
The citv of MrMinnvllts h voted
$20,000 bonds, the county -ourt of Yam
hill county has agreed to furnish S2n,n,
ana tne legislature appropriated I40,uuu
for the erection of an armory at Mo
Mlnnville. -
Frank L. ' McGuire of Portland ad
dressed the real estate dealers of Marion
county at a banquet at Salem last l-YI-
cay, at whlcn tns Marion realtors votea
to arrmate witn tne national ueauy
association. "
At a recent meetinar of the MrMtnn-
vllle Commercial club It was voted to
send Secretary Howard Oiidea- to tho
bohool of Corrimorvial club secretaries
at the University of Oregon at the ex
pense of the club,-
Mra J. T. Evans and her sister, Mrs.
Rena Thorpe, of Kugene, say they have
proof that they are relatives and hlrs
of Colonel Jacob Baker, who owned a
section of land in the heart of Philadel
phia now valued at 8800,000,000.
WASHINGTON
Pullman has entered upon a campaign
to raise funds for a 8100,000 community
center building, . - , ,
Three thousand Income tax returns
were filed at the internal revenue office
in Spokane on March 15. the last day
of payment. .
The Armour company at Spokane has
reduced the wages of its employes from
61 to 45 cents an hour. The men are
still at work, r
Spokane county will cooperate with
the atate. which ha a annronriated f 320.-
000, In paving the Bpokane-Denison road,
Faderal aid will also be given.
Between 2000 and 8000 soft coal miners
employed in commercial mines of the
state are Idle as a result of their refusal
to accept wage cuts averaging 23 per
cent.-
Outstaf Lindherg, Tacoma capitalist,
has been arrested on seven indictments
issued by the grand Jury investigating
the failure of the Scandinavian-American
bank. :
Heavy rains of the past few days
have made Clarke county roads almost
impassable. - Farmers In many cases are
unable to reach the main roads to get
to town. - .;
- Aoi.ua! i payment ot veterans' claims
under the additional .compensation act
has begun with the mailing of hundreds
of warrants to many points throughout
the state.
R. Goulet a prosperous farmer of the
Prosser section, was taken by automo
bile 70 miles to a hospital at Yakima
after suffering for four days from., so
unceasing ..attack of hiccough.- , ,
One woman was killed and five others
seriously Injured at Spokane when an
automobile containing eight men and
women returning from a dance at a
roadhouse crashed Into a streetcar.
Formation of a law and order league
was decided on at a revival meeting in
Walla Walla, 200 then pledging thetr
support for the suppression of Illicit
liquor selling, bootlegging and gambling.
The clam canneries in Western Wash
ington have voted to close rathT than
pay the wages demanded by diggers.
Last year 8S.25 per 100 pounds was paid
and the canneries insist on reducing this
to 32&0, - '
Judge Truax at ProssVff, In his instruc
tions to the grand Jury, directed the
Jury to Investigate the alleged misuse,
of funds by the county court, charrps
having-been made that money was being
recklessly squandered.
IDAHO
During the month of February Hie
Rupert creamery paid 84163.28 for but
terfat w
Shipments from Parma last week In
cluded three cars of apples, nine cars
of sheep, five cars of hay and two cars
of cattle, i
As a result of the subbing of a. C
Ackermaa- at . Twin Falls -by Francisco
Sanchez, a Mezicaa, 60 Mexicans have
been ordered out of the city, ;
The state ( treasurer's report of ststa
funds for the mouth of February showed
that $l,fl"!3, 018.49 was, taken in receipt
and $S, 879,799.48 was paid out
Word Is received in PocateHo of the
death In Paris of Richard B. Varnum,
a graduate., of the Idaho Technical in
stitute, who served in the American avi
ation service in France.
' Word is received In Boise of the
death at Yuma, Ariz., of Miss Cora l.
Dean, formerly county superintendent of
schools ? in ; jCanyon - county and well
known in educational circles of Idaho.
Constructing a quarter of a mile of
telephone' line in 9 minutes was the feat
performed Saturday by a crew of 12
Boy Scouts encamped about two -miles
from Bolae on rthe Bolee river.
By reason of the- fact that the govern
ment etHt holds a Hn on. the Minidoka
project for th amount -still due for
construction charges, settlers are unable
to take advantage of benefits of the
farm loan act mcenUy declared consti
tutional, After two months of constant travel
ing from .France to New York and
through the South and West, M me. Ce
cils Devouge. head of the government
school for training domestic- sctsnrs
teachers at Grignon, France, has arrived
In Boise. She is the guest of the Lnltea
States department of agriculture. -
PORTLAND
(Continued From Yesterday)
The extension of the statement as
to Portland's operation as a public
estate owned by ; the people of the
city, which City Auditor Funk has
furnished The Journal, shows:
"Our surplus at the end of the
year 1919 was J9.425.S02 ; for 1929,
$13,32499. an increase of $2,708,r97.
"The gross total receipts for the
year 1920 were. $13,350,821, and our
gross expenditures were 313,112,363.
The cash balance on hand- at the
close of 1920 amounted -to 81,992,339.
"SiMkinsr fund investments as ot
December, . 1920, totaled 82,831.602,
"Tazes received , by the general
fund for operation of city govern
ment last year aggregated $3,283,918.
f "Receipts from other sources to
taled $855,794. .
"Tho total of receipts was $3,393,-
713. ,- .'V - ,: --
The total of expenditures wtj
$3,888,150. . - . -
"The capital outlay for 1920 consist
ed of a contagious hospital at a cost
of 851,000.
: "The per capita cost of depart
ments maintained by taxation totale-1
$13.58 in 1919 and $16.25 in 1920.
"During 1920 tho general debt t!
the city was reduced $187,800."
1 I