THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTJ-AND. OREGON
SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 12. 1921.
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Six mouths 4-33
Three aanntba.. . $2.25
Una month...,. .75
daily
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One year. . , , 1.00
His months. .... 3.25
Three months. . . 1. 7 5
Ona month. . . .. .80
i WEKKI.Y
, (Erery Wednesday)
Ona year. . . 1.0
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SUNDAY
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TEEKT.T AND
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Ona yaar......t3.B0
, V n.aa .rait. Anlv in tha Wacb.
i Katra to KaaWrn pointi furnished OB applica
tin . Make resnittaneea by Monay Order, EUpreaa
Order or Irat. If your poatoffioa is not a
Maney Order wfficej I or J Mill sUmpa will ha
arneptrd. Make all remittancea payable to h
Jmtrnal, Portland, O raff on,
' Tha peopla ara' tha rightful mastafs at
both congresses and eoqrta, " not to orer
, tbrow the .constitution, bat to overthrow
v the men who pet.ert 'the constitution.
1 Abrsiism Uncoln. -
! THE IRRJGATION SCANDA1
ON THE "floof of the house at
five Gallagher, of Malheur, speaking
Of irrigation ill Eastern Oregon,
made the startling charge that "irri
gation bonds are selling at 90 cents
4nd contracts have to be let on a
; ;ost plus basis so that ' not more
than to to 75 cents on the dollar
foes into the project. He said
that the "load of brokerage and. dis
count was breaking down-the re,
eistance of farmers and making it
difficult and oftentime Impossible
for them to pay. He said "they
haVe been fighting the greatest
"money power of the West."
- The Journal .has - no interests in
ilia, in udubcu eariv ieik oiaic. r.n.
ejitvcer Cuppen. 'Thafhe is an honest
official - is ' beyond question, and
honesty in a state engineer is a
' prized qualification.
The Journal is not at this time
concerned with the merits or de
merits of the Irrigation bills backed
oy Mr. Burdick and Mr. Gallagher.
It has no part in the controversy at
Salem.
- i
Its concern is with the astounding
- charges made on the floor of . the
house at Salem yesterday to the
Effect that the ranchmen on . some
f the. Eastern Oregon irrigation
projects .are receiving, but 8 or 75
tjer cent of the proceeds from sale
of their irrigation bonds.
Beside that charge, men and meas
ures under discussion at Salem pale
into insignificance. If, as stated,
money changers, by various schemes
qf extortion, are scaling down to 60
r 73 per cent the proceeds from the
mortgages, that in the wav of bonds
the. ranehmen are putting on Ntheir
far'xusJn 'order to. get water for
- thUr fields, it is a scandal upon the
state and- a crime against the people
of .the irrigation districts.
The farmers out in these dry land
""districts are undergoing enough in
hardship without being subjected
to a system pf extortions that loads
them down with unnecessary debt.
JTheir families undergo privations
; .that "test .their power of endurance
te-' the limit. Their meagre sources
, of . income compel them , to exist
under conditions that would be in
tolerable to most families. In many
cases, even the water for domestic
- tise is hauled many miles, yet; for
years, many f them have struggled
n, buoyed up by the hope that
some day . water . would be brought
.to the land by reclamation projects
and their fields be turned into pro
duction. . '.
! I It is upon such groups of people
that a - bisr financial ; institution has
Hid the' extortionate terms for ad
vjanc'es of money described by Mr.
JJurdick and -Mr. GallagHer. In the
debate at Salem yesterday.
; These, people are forced to execute
a contract with the bond buyers as
underwriters,? under,! which a. -commission
of 5 per ; cent f is- paid '-'A
subsidiary "concern, is given a cost
plus T contract with ' a , profit of 15
per cent on all oost f con'struction,
which means that the greater the
. cost: the greater he prof it-yf v
: Withe jjonds going lit B9eents,
this reduces the value thafthe ranch
men get out of the securities to 7 0
cents on the dollar. In addition, all
, '-3 i. - ;
equipment for construction work is
furnished and high rentals for its
use exacted. All transportation cost
on the equipment Is paid by the dis
trict. The contract, is so grasping
that payment of rentals on the equip
ment begins the day it leaves Cali
fornia and continues until the day
it ts returned, to the? place of origin.
When all these and other extortions
are met every dollar of the honds
has shronkenjto j almost 0 cents.
But in the end, for each 0 cents in
money that the poo pie of the irri
gation district receive, they roust pay
back one dollar with interest at
per, cent. ' j .',-. '...--' ; ::::
There is not an' irrigation project
inthe world that can become soc
cessful under such extortions. There
is not a reason in the world why
such huge profits5 should be wrung
from these ranchmen. The state
guarantees the interest on, the bonds
for & certain length of time. If the
project is sound, and no other should
be uhdertakenj the security is as
good as gold, a
The terms of one contract are said
to be such" that j. the underwriting
bond house will have an Interest ac
cumulation against the project of
$1,200,000, or $IS an acre, by the
time the project is completed, to say
nothing of the enormous profits pro
vided for, Jn the way of commission,
cost plus and charge for rentals of
equipment. ,
In the face of ; these astounding
conditions, the question of who is
right and who wrong in the con
troversy at Salem; Is of little conse
quence. Whether -the proposed ir
rigation bills "or a change in state
engineer will remedy the situation is
not the concern of this article.
The real concern is that, with
proposals in Oregon for $70,000,000
to be expended on irrigation, a sys
tem of , exactions and extortions
should be fastened upon the people
of the districts that promises to sub
merge them under a burden of debt
almost' beyond their power to ever
pay. ' '
GIVE THEM THEIR MONEY
A BILL is before the legislature
providing for the payment of
employes of Multnomah county on
a monthly, semi-monthly or weekly
basis, as the commissioners from
time to time may determine. It
should pass. r
For years "a warrant shaver has
maintained offices in the court
house. He' has done a land office
business in county warrants. Em
ployes who, for one reason or an.
other, were unable to bridge the
month on their meager salaries, bor
rowed money from him. When the
month had elapsed, those who were
working for $100 received considerably-
less -than $100. The warant
shaver got the rest.
'Because payments could 'only he
made monthly, employes were com
pelled to divide their earningawjtb
atj broJcer.' . They were working -for
him, and .by him they were jbeld in
financial bondage! L . .. " "", '
; It is time that; they were released
and permitted to receive $100 In
pay for $100 in service.
A vote for armaments is the only
thing that could !be expected from
Japan under existing conditions.
That nation, expanding as it is, can
not reduce armies and navies while
the other powerful countries of the
world build. Great Britain cannot
do it. America cannot do it. No
other country can do it. Disarma
ment cannot be effected through ac
tion of a single nation, " Mutual
agreement is the; only 'way. 'open to
scrapped armaments and' lessened
taxation. , . . , ..
NO REPAIR?
PORTLAND will entertain a
greater number of tourists this
year than -ever before. There will
be more automobiles coming into the
state than ever before. ' More are
owned In Oregon fand Portland than
ever before. - . j . . ;
Portland's big show place for tour
ists is the . Columbia river highway.
The people of Oregon desire to see
it. Portlandera jthemselves go on
the highway by thousands every
week. . : . i --. f -;
Travel to that scenic wonder is
largely over the; Broadway bridge,
out East Broadway and on to Sandy
boulevard. And East Broadway is
one of the worst streets in the city.
It ought to be the best. It is spotted
with holes, paving between the car
tracks is ragged, and the street Is
rough with ridges.
The great portion of Portland's
population resides on the east side
of the river. Twice every day they
are compelled to cross the bridges.
The ordinary and natural course of
trarnc would be ; out the streets on
which the bridges belch forth their
throngs.
Oregon street,5 leading: from the
railroad bridge. ' Is well maintained.
But the west approach of the bridge,
and Glisan and j Third ? streets, the
approaches from; the west side, are
rotten. Neither Morrison, nor Burn
side1 streets - on either ; east or west
side would be picked by vehicle op
erators as a desirable thoroughfare.
And of them all, Hawthorne ave
nue is perhaps the worst. . Ridge
ridden and rough, it would in time
tear the vitals from any vehicle. It
is to Portland's shame that such a
traffic way exists. . -
-There are other streets on both
sides of the river that perhaps are
even ' less fit for traffic. . They are
cut, ragged and punctured. The
bridge streets are cited because they
would naturally bear a .heavy loa-d.
. Are there to be no repairs before
" !
summer? Are the people who come
here and our own people to be jolted
and jammed every time they venture
forth on a Portland thoroughfare?
Are their vehicles to be destroyed
by continual 'jolts "that are uncscap
able on most of our streets? , s. ;
-LINCOLN AND CHILDREN
THE birthday anniversary . of
Abraham Lincoln means most
to children. , -
He was a poor boy. He lived in
a cabin. It lacked candles and
lamps. Gas and electricity were un
heard of.;.;- ".?; ' ,
He was.denied today's comfortable
opportunity for school attendance.
There were no public libraries and
no. free text books. Lincoln studied
a few ragged vohrrrves by the flicker,
ing light of an open, fire. '
But Lincoln made his handicaps
the boiler to hold the steam pres
sure of laudable ambition. He used
lack of opportunity as the engine of
achievement. : Resistance was the
tracl upon which ho 1 traveled to
success.. t- f- 'f ; "- f; ;
He learned to work, hard, " to be
truthful and studious and honest. He
was loyal and helpful. He-loved
people. He lived near to the ground.
He understood the people who work,
because he was a worker. He was
proud but not with false pride He
believed there was more triumph In
usefulness than in exploitation of
others. He commanded confidence
because he was true, and others, fol
lowed him. " "
There la not a boy or girl in
Oregon today but has a better chance
than Lincoln had.
It would hardly be said that the
irrigation controversy at the state
house is a dry affair.
MIDDLE AGED DRUDGES
DOES -anyone know how to teach
a man to play?
He is in middle life. When he
was a boy of 6 he sold papers and
secured odd Jobs- to augment a
slender family purse. , During his
'teens he went to work in earnest.
He got the kind of job ; that
squeezes the life essence out of a
man. It called him to duty early.
It released him reluctantly at night.
For years this man has been ac
customed to hurry into his clothes
In the morning, hurry through his
breakfast, hurry downtown, and
hurriedly transact the duties of the
day, always more or less resentful
because time passes so swiftly. When
he gets home at night he la always
so tired that dinner is a perfunctory
meal, evening plans are impossible
and bed time is the earliest moment.
This man does not have In his
life .music, games,, movtes, theatre,
fishing or shooting." He would laugh
at one who suggested that he take
time to play golf.
Down at the bottom of his diffi
culty is the - fact that he doesnt
know how to play.. He doesn't know
how to learn. This is a real case.
It is multiplied by hundreds of
others. Who knows how to teach
middle aged drudges on the ragged
edge how to play? ;
VILLA. POLICE CHIEF
STRANGE as it may sound, Fran
niu.n triu r. -i . .
viuvu s uetuuiv an apostle
of 'law. and order in Mexico. He is
recently reported as leading, In be-
nair or the government, an attack
on bandit rebels in the state of
Durango, two of whom were cap
tured and are held in federal prisons.
The plan of Obregon appears to
be re-establish m en t of the Rurales,
a police unit employed effectively by
Porfirio Diaz. The unit waacreated
by Diaz, tradition says, on the theory
that it takes a thief to catch a thief.
In hunting' down rebels and' crimi
nals, the former dictator invariably
appointed' a rebel as head of the
Rurales. ; It was 'a most effective
organization. There was ; no red
tape, no delay in dealing out punish
ment. Penalties ordinarily , cama
through the mouth of a rlflo 'with
out quibble or without question.
Perhaps Obregon has adopted the
Diaz policy. If so he could go far
and wide before he could find
another leader for the Rurales equal
in ability and effectiveness to the
redoubtable and irrepressible Pancho
Villa. . .
The millennium may, after all. be
not far away. The proposed road
legislation provides that no auto
mobile may park upon the pavement
of a paved highway. There are few
more dependable causes of accident
than the practice of obstructing the
narrow pavement of country high
ways with parked vehicles.
--4 7l"'Mji''""l',''swaBaaa, .' ...
AFTER THE BILLS PASSED
NEITHER precedent nor prejudice
were allowed to stand In the
way of the port bills which the house
and senate at Salem have approved.
Tbe imperative needs of channel
maintenance ; Will be met! I Port
boundaries in actuality will b broad
ened to include the area contem
plated in the law of. 1917; Jforth
Portland harbor will be Improved
with as great rapidity as mechanical
equipment permits.
The broader issues of port debt,
port improvement, property pur
chases and dock transfers will be
fairly passed upon by the - people
before decisive steps ; are taken J
Pert personnel has been changed
to such an extent that ; no special
interest may hope for control, no
scheming influence may hope for en
tire success and no bank may antici
pate the exclusive depooitq of port
funds ;s j
WITHOUT
: FRIEND
Taunt Too Often Heard From Lips of
Partisans. Is Hurled Back With In- '
terest, and Principal, Too, for Good
Measure Stern Indictment of
Obduracy in Which Repub
lican Leaders are Alien
ating Alt Nations and
Peoples.
oea tha New York Worid.
"This country, with the possible excep
tion of China, which is involved in a
great deal of trouble at home, has not
a friend "among the nations of the
earth." The author of that opinion is
Representative Kahn. chairman of the
house committee on military affairs, and
the obvious answer ia ; Why should the
United States expect to have any
friends? What is it doing to earn any
body's friendship?
When the armistice was signed this
country had no enemies except among
the Central powers, and in spite of the
inevitable disappointments pf peacemaking-,
the signing of the treaty of
Versailles found the United States the
one nation thaf everybody trusted, the
one nation In which all other nations
had confidence,
' a a a
That trust and that confidence are
now shattered. For nearly two years the
congress of the United States, and es
pecially the senate, has devoted itself
almost exclusively to the task of
alienating this country's friends.
It might be expected that the allies
would be grateful to us for suplylng the
force that brought the war to an end,
but Mr. Harding himself has assured
them that we entered the conflict only
from low and sordid motives. We did
not fight for a great principle, accord
ing- to mm, out to save our own skins.
We have not rested content with re
jecting the treaty of Versailles and the
covenant of the League of Nations,
tnereDy making it impossible to stabil
ize the peace that was bousrht in rivers
of blood, but our attitude toward our
rormer associates in war has been one
of contempt and derision. Day after
day during the senate debate on the
peaee treaty President Wilson was pic
tured as the ignorant accomplice of a
gang of crooks who were engaged,
figuratively speaking, in looting the
corpses left on the field of battle.
We have abandoned the French, who
desired above everything else our coun
sel and our help in putting their af-
iairs tn order. All they are going to
get from the Harding adminlstraton is a
higher tariff on their imports to the
United States.
a
The only two countries left which have
the power to be of great help or great
hindrance to us are Great Britain and
Japan, and both of them are Habitually
insulted by Americn politicians. There
is not a demagogue in congress who
does not feel free to attack either of
them ' whenever he thinks it will help
him with any of his hyphenated con
stituents. The attitude of the senate toward the
peace treaty has been consistently pro-German-
not openly and avowedly pro
German, but sneakingly and evasively
and unintentionally pro-German. In
consequence we have not obtained even
the dubious satisfaction of awakening a
friendly feeling on the part of the Ger
man people. We have irritated every
body, and benefited nobody, least of all
ourselves.
Our best customer, next to Great Bri
tain, is Canada. Congress is now try
ing to enact a fraudulent tariff law di
rected in the main against Canada's
agricultural products, and the Canadian
press is earnestly advocating reprisals.
Secretary Colby has been to South
America to establish better relations
with the Latin-American republics, but
on the day that the Latin-American dip
lomatic corps in Washington formally
congratulated the secretary of state on
the success of his mission a retaliation
bill was introduced in the Argentine
parliament to penalise imports from the
United States in case the Fordney emer
gency tariff bill was passed by con
gress. Japan is still pathetically anxious to
adjust all its differences with the United
States, most of which have their origin
in California, but all the sand-lot sena
tors are preparng to destroy the treaty
that Ambassador Morris has negotiated
with the representatives of the 'Japanese
government, and they will oppose any
treaty wjth Japan simply because it is
a treaty with Japan.
We have sandbagged the treaty of
peace and the League of Nations. We
have dissociated ourselves from all re
sponsibility , for what follows the war.
We have gambled in Europe's suffering
and anguish. We have contributed noth
ing toward the economic stability of the
world. We have insulted everybody who
waited to be Insulted, and are preparing
a naval program that surpasses the
wildest dreams of the Hohensollerns,
and then we wonder why we have no
friends. -. t , . .
There is not a nation In the world that
does, not desire our friendship ; there is
not a nation but wishes to be on the
most amicable terms with us ; yet we
are systematically driving them all away
and inviting them to combine against ua
This is what two brief years of partisan
politics has accomplished in the way of
promoting international animosity, and
all the moral responsibility rests upon
the Republican leaders of congress. This
is their handiwork.
Curious Bits of Information
Gleaned From Curious Places
In so far aa birds are concerned, some
of the oldest fossils, in the matter of
time, which have - fallen into the hands
of science are those representing the
great flightless fossil avian giants of
fatagoma, in South America. .Judging
from such parts of their fossil bones
as have been found, they were evidently
great terrestrial birds of prey. Some
of the species were small, but this ia
made up for by the others; and in the
case of one of them, it had a thigh
bone considerably larger and longer than
that of an ox. Of all the remarkable
Sightless birds of this group, however,
as one that must have been over eight
feet in height, with a skull bigger than
that of, a full-grown horse, and much
deeper rrom above downward. Scien
tists know little Or nothing of; these
birds er what led to their extinction.
With its great hooked beak and power
ful claws ef great size, it must have
been a terror to the animals on which
it preyed. Skulla ' and some ether bone
of this bird have been, discovered.
Uncle Jeff Snow Says:
The earth is the Lord's," the Good
Book says. Too many fellers claims to
be pardners of the Lord and glVes us
receipts for rent that . they don't do
nuthin' fer. The Lord made a r plenty
fer all, and give us the whole earth, with
a little key to it that we call work.
When we use our thinkia systems more
we'll quit bein. tuck ia by confidence
sharps. Some of our first citisens makes
me think of the Rev. Joseph us Solomon
Breckenridge in the black belt of Arkas
saw right after the Civil war. He tuck
$50 each-from his colored brethren by
the hundreds and give 'em a - receipt
fer 40 acres of good cotton land and a
mule which Uncle Sara was to pass out
to 'em on a certain day, Then the gen
tleman went to the French West Insieea
and lived happy ever after. But our
best citizens, a-doih of the same sort
..." . . J I . .
of game on us, all stays right among us
and tells us where to travel and how to
think.
Letters From the People
f Can munteahotki aem to The Journal for
wabltaation in thia oepartaent slunM be written
an oaly one aid f tba paper : should not eseaed
09 wards in ienctb, and asaat be aicaed by the
writer, whoa mail address ia fail must accoan
nanjr the contribution. 1
A VALUED TESTIMONIAL
Ontario, Feb. 1 .To the Editor bf
The Journal -With a decade of exper
ience in the Pacific Northwest and hav
ing been a regular reader of your paper
for many months, Z have wanted to tell
yeu it is the best edited paper on the
coast, in my humble opinion. But I
am prompted to write because of your
editorial on "The Menace to Civiliza
tion," which should be quoted all over
the world. ; W. B. Cochrane.
ADVERTISING FOR STEFFENS
Portland, Feb. 9. To the Editor of
The Journal Lincoln Steffens has come
and spoken, and this city is still safe and
sane, the Reds have not yet captured
Portland, and in all likelihood are not
troubling their minds about this city,
despite our mayor's perturbations.
As an advertising medium? for Stef
fens 'Mayor Baker was a spectacular
success,
I thank you for your interest in this
case, which is highly commendable.
M. E. Dorfman.
FIGURES FROM PAVING BIPS
Further Explanation and Criticism of
Methods in Contracting.
Portland. Feb. I. To the Kditor of
The Journal In one of my recent com
munications, I said that the manner in
which the highway specifications were
drawn, relative to the bituminous
pavements, wherein proposals are in
vited on the wearing surface by the
square yard, and by the batch on the
uasei, or vartaoie tnickness. arroraed an
opportunity for the contractor to sub
mit an unbalanced bid. and I endeavored
to show the sinister effects of an un
balanced bid. I now have an oppor
tunity to prove my assertions by a con
crete case. I refer to the letting of the
contract by the highway commission on
February 1 for the improvement of the
Monroe-Junction City road. The bids
submitted for this work were as follows :
Surface. Base.
Tha Pacific Brides Co.. per batch. J8.41 J3.30
Osksr Hnber. per batch 8. 27 3.50
A. IX Kern, per batch......... 7.99 3.S4
Warren Construct'n Co., per batch 8. 49 3.6
Uuy Atkinson, oar batch ti.7 4.00
I have tabulated that part of the bids
mat refer to pavement only. The Pa
cific Bridge company was the success
ful bidder.
. A more flagrant case' of unbalanced
bids has never come to my knowledge.
The bid of Mr. Atkinson is the only
one that has any semblance of regu
larity for the pavement proper. The
total amount of the contract let for the
base and surface was $225,840. The
highway specifications plainly Indicate
that the surface "must" be laid and
the base "may" be laid, hence the in
ducement for the contractor to bid high
on the surface and' low on the base.
I figure if the successful bidder can lay
the base for the $3.30 per batch, that
his bid is unbalanced to the extent of
$72,900 in his favor, provided only two
makes of pavement are laid that is, the
surface, only.
In unbalanced bids of this nature the
contractor increases his profit exorbi
tantly on the fixed or definite part of
the pavement by gambling on the In
definite and variable part of the pave
ment. The thinner the pavement the
more money he makes ; that is, his profit
Is proportionately reduced as the thick
ness of the pavement is increased.
Inasmuch as the highway specifica
tions provide that the pavement may be
laid one quarter () of one inch less
than the average two inch thickness ot
the pavement, this also would add to the
profit of the contractor, as, to play safe,
he would bid on the full average two
inches of thickness and lay the pave
ment on an average thickness of one and
three quarters (1"!4) inches and still
meet the requirements of the specifica
tions. The most expensive Ingredient that en
ters into the cost of a bituminous pave
ment Is the asphalt cement, and there is
only iy per cent more asphalt cement
In surface than there is in base, which
means that the asphalt in a batch of
bituminous mixture of wearing surface
would cost S2 per cent more than it
would in a like batch of bituminous base
mixture. There is no method of calcu
lation that would justify such a great
difference between the surface and base
as indicated by the above bid.
The preliminary estimate of probable
total cost of the pavement should have
disclosed the irregularities in the pro
posals submitted. All of the authorities
on paving specifications . and paving
contracts plainly say. that all unbalanced
bids should be unhesitatingly thrown
out, as they are invariably of sinister
motives and always In favor of the con
tractor. Unbalanced bids are intended
to be low at the letting and high at the
completion. Too much emphasis cannot
be placed upon the importance of clear
and definite specifications
W. L. Archanabeau.
SETTLEMENTS WITH ALLIES
Resentment Expressed on Account of
Demands and the Calling of Names.
Portland, Feb. 8. To the Editor of
The Journal I see by the papers that
the European allies want us to cancel
-our . loans to them and that England
calls us loan sharks and profiteers. Will
you kindly print in your columns how
much if any nnoney we paid to them
during the war for transportation of our
troops and supplies across, on their
transports, and about how much we had
to pay them aa rental for the ground
that we used there for our training
camps, hospitals and supply stations?
And are they willing to refund this
money to us? Inasmuch as we were over
there to help them, would It not have
been more decent and courteous for
them to have furnished us the use of
this ground, freely and gladly, rather
than to have tried to profiteer off us
at such a time? R. C. Oeder.
(AO accounts of the United States govern
ment with the goTeraraents of tha allied nations
have been adjusted through the- work ot tha
Caited staves iiqaKtaiion eomminajoo. ine
ebaraes shout whieh inquiry is mads haw been
coTered as set-off arainst cbarces aiainut the
allied foyernments. It would be impossible to
answer the question ia this space, but detailed
information ia afforded ia the report of the
liquidation essmniasioB.. which baa been iasaed as
a public document. 1 " .
INCOME TAX
( Comamnieations concerning income tax prob
lems will be answered by Tha Journal. All com
nunicabons sbetikl be addressed te the "1boub
Tax Editor", and must bear tha writer's us me
and address. 3
Question I own a stump farm : and
spent $500 on it, mostly for building, and
made nothing out of the place. I made
about $1400 working for wages. Am I
supposed to pay' income tax?
Answer Any amount spent by you for
Improving a farm is a capital expendi
ture and is added -to the cost of the
farm and therefore Is not deductible
from yeur income.' If you were single
on December 31 and your- income is
$1000 or ever you should file a return
and pay a tax on the income in exeess
of $1000.! If you were married, and liv
ing with your. wife on December 31, and
your net income was less than $2000,
no return would be required. - . - -
A is a married man with ae dependent
children. - He gets a salary as collector
from B, amounting to $1800 a year. He
has rests from two h on sea; amounting
to $600 above taxes coming in. He haa
run jk contracting teaming business at
an actual loss ef $500 over income from
this business. Does he have to pay any
income tax, and if not, does he have te
make out an income tax statement?
Anawer No return ia required as his
net income is less than his exemptions.
LINCOLN'S, GETTYSBURG ADDRESS
Delivered at the Dedication bf the National
Cemetery, November 19, 1863 .
' Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this conti
nent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition
that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation,
or any other nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are
met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of
that field, as-a final resting place of those who here gave their lives that
that nation might live. Jt Is altogether fitting and proper that we should
do this, - ' . -
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate we cannot consecrate
we cannot hallow this ground, t The b-ave men, living and dead, who
struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add to or
detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here;
but it can never forget what they did heri. f
It is rather for us.' the living, to be here dedicated to the great task
remaining before ua that from 'the honored dead we take increased
devotion to that cause fors which they Have their last full measure of
devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died
In vain; that this nation shall, under God. have a new birth of freedom,
and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall
not perish from the earth.
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE ,
A rising sun always sets,
.
About that time the rainfall starts.
a a .
Beware the deluge ! The kaiser is cry
ing over the milk he has spilled.
.
But, speaking of birthdays, April
Fool's anniversary ia not very far away.
Sixty-two years old and just getting
nicely started, is Oregon's record hi
statehood,
e a . e
Mf you 'want to know who's boSs around
here, start something with the Standard
Oil company. .
Employers are coming to learn that
their own ideas of fair play are recipro
cated by employes.
a a '
Most mortgage shavers are in a class
with the breed that steals lollypops from
the neighbor's baby.
. e -
Today is the birthday anniversary of
the Great Emancipator, - and - we
ofttimes wish he could return to ua to
get us out of modern muddles. ,
MORE OR LESS. PERSONAL
Random Observations About Town
That we are developing team work in
Oregon is evidenced by an editorial In
the local health publication, "Health
First," In urging its readers to buy
home made goods it says that on account
of there being plenty of standing tim
ber in the state, Oregon doctors should
use Oregon-made tongue boards made of
Oregon lumber. A tongue board is a
strip of wood half an inch wide and one
eighth of an inch thick and it is used to
hold the patient's tongue down when
the doctor wants to get better acquanted
with his throat.
a
-Dr. Wilson D. McNary, formerly of
Salem bat now a resident of pushing,
prosperous, popular - and populous Pen
dleton, is registered at the Imperial,
see.
R. H. Dearborn, native eon of Salem,
golf enthusiast'and college professor at
Corvaliis, is a guest at the Hotel Se
ward. e a -
J. W. Day, for 28- years a resident
of Goldendale," but now of Stay ton, is
transacting business in Portland.
, a a
R. Eggleston of Brownsville is a guest?
at the Seward.
a .. a
W. M. Smith of Salem is at the Se
ward. .
, e
L. A. West of Klamath Falls is a Port
land visitor.
a a - a
Bess Kllgore, registering from Klam
ath Falls, is at the Seward.
a a ( f
S. L, Phelps of Salem is a guest at
the Hotel Seward.
Mrs. Walter Myers of Condon is a
Portland visitor.
. a a. a
Mr. and Mrs. George Dodge of Lostine
are Portland visitors.
: . e a : a
Mrs. Emily Whitebread of Glasgow,
Mont, is a guest at the Oregon.
a . a
Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Mason of Albany
are Portland visitors.
. - see
C. W. Collier of Newberg is at the
Multnomah.
a a a
County Judge Orin L. Patterson of
Canyon City is in Portland on business.
Mr. and Mrs'. C. A. Galloway of Elgin
are Portland visitors.
a a a
J. F. White ot Marahfield is at the
Multnomah.
OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
(Descriptire nutter relstinj to- Shsaghai,
China, is liere presented by Mr. Lockley, and, in
addition, matter that should augment tne aui
sence ef all who are devoted to the task; of pu
ting the port in Portland.
Shanghai doesn't mean much to most
of us. We think of it as a dinky, smelly
citv on the other side of the world. As
a matter of fact, every person in Port
land or Oregon has a very direct inter
est in Shanghai. We talk a good deal
about wanUng to put the port in Port
land, for we realize that the prosperity
of every one of us is Involved in de
veloping our trade in the Orient, We
have lumber, salmon and flour we want
to sell to China. For the past few years
I : have been receiving- frequent letters
from an old-time friend and a former
Portlander. . J. C. Clark, from j 120
Ssechuen road, Shanghai. He - is in
charge of the largest work for beys in
the world. , i
, f .. '-'.,W.,. " ;r:''.:
Shanghai Is not an old city. From a
group of shaeiae en a mudflat it has
grown in 75 years to a city of over a
million people. On October 15, 1920, a
census was taken. Of the foreign popu.
latlon of 26,869 persons the Japanese led
with 10,821.' Great Britain had 6385,
America 2810, Russia 1476. Portugal" 1882.
France 846, Germany 289, Denmark 248,
Italy 226, Spain 193. Norway ! 132.
Switzerland 120, Holland 114. Sweden
110, Poland 107, and so on down the list
of tha . 25 : nations represented there,
which includes Turks, Persians. . Arab
ians. Egyptians and other nationalities. ;
. t : : a a a
In 1895 there were but 250 Japanese
in Shanghai. Since 1895- the Japanese
have increased 4086 per cent, tha Brit
ish 286' per cent and the Americans 858
per cent. In 1895 there were but 328
Americans in Shanghai. In 1900 there
were 562, in 1905 there were 995 ; in 1910,
940; in 1915, 1307: In 1920, 2813. During
the past five years ; the increase of
Americans has been 215 per cent, while
the increase of British residents has
been but 11 per cent. The Bund at
Shanghai is a broad street by the water
side, tree shaded and lined with modern
buildings. Motor cars, waterworks, elec
tric lights, street railways anyf other'
NEWS IN BRIEF
SIDELIGHTS
If the legislature would bar fish and
game legislation, a 40-day session would
probably prove longer than is needed.
Eugene Register -., ..
What little faith in the righteousness
of any cause the intolerant display when
they answer criticism by censorship.
Salem Capital Journal.
a
When it comes to game bills In the
legislature, the fishing interests cer
tainly are in the saddle and the poor
sportaman Is certainly on foot. Albany
Democrat. a a a
A mental survey shows that Lane
county has 48 defectives, but after Dr.
Owens-Adlir gets all her bills through
the legislature that number is likely to
be multiplied several times. Eugene
Uuanl- . .
If prices of other things keep on the
down grade and the public service com
mission keeps granting raises to public
utilities, the suggestion that we change
the organization's name to the public
utility service will meet with general
favor. Hlllsboro Argus.
Lieutenant H. A. Harkins is a guest at
the Hotel Benson. "I have just come
from Boise, where I was in charge of
the recruiting office," said Lieutenant
Harkins. "I am on my way to Camp
Lewis. The recruiting office has been
ordered closed. Tho army plans called
for an enlisted strength of 285,000 men.
We already have 213,000. The law Just
passed by congress allows an enlisted
strength of but 175.000 men, so no more
will be enlisted till we have come down
to the number allowed under the new
law." -
.see
O. D, Teel, or "Od" Teel, as his home
folks at Echo call him, is in Portland
looking up matters pertaining to irriga
tion. ' a a a " -
Mrs. J. A. and Miss Bess Moorehead
of Nahcotta, on Long. Beach, are guests
at fhs Imperial.
see
Mrs. J. C. Griffith of Salem Is here
with her sister, Mrs. Joseph H. Albert,
also of Salem, to visit Mrs.' Otto Krausae.
y , , , a a a
Fred MeElwaln, from the county seat
of Lincoln county, is a guest at the
Oregon. -
a a a
I. A.. DuBois of The Dalles Is in Port
land. '
e a a
W. J. Weaver of Roseburg is transact
ing business in Portland. ,
aae-
George S. Marsh of Roseburg is at the
Oregon.
a . e a
F.'S. Bramwell and James Chinook of
Grants Pass are at the Oregon.
a a a
E. W. Griffith of the Round-Up city is
at the Oregon.
a a
Mr. end Mrs. A. It. Wilson, globe
girdiers, are at the Portland.
a a a
G. Wingate arid T. P. Feehely of As
toria are at the Multnomah.
. - a a ....... i .
H. J. Taylor, pioneer resident of Uma
tilla county, is at the Imperial,
a a a
L. II. Irving of Madras is a Portland
visitor. 7
W. E. Craine of Bandon is at the Im
perial.
e e a
Frank Nickum of Springfield has
moved to roruana.
a - a a
W. L. Dry of Silverton is in Portland.
Lock ley
modern utilities have made Shanghai
mouei settlement, ui course, as in all
Chinese cities, the Chinese district Is
greatly crowded and, with it sights,
sounds and smells, is typically Oriental,
a a
The Orient beckons, and Portia nd
snouja need trie call. Our destiny and
future welfare lie on the sea. In the
past we have been too easily contented,
and other sorts have ntitHfrinr.,i ,
secured the trade that by rights belongs
-vruana.
' a a a
The, North China Dally News in a re
cent Issue, tells how ap American woman
has been admitted to practice in the
courts of Shanghai, the first woman to
be so honored. It says; "Lieutenant
Commander C. McCauley, captain of the
United States gunboat Elcano arrived iu
Shanghai recently for courtmartial duty.
He was accompanied by his wife, who is
a lawyer swdrn in at th United States
court, which gave her the distinction of
being the first woman lawyer admitted
te practice it Shanghai. Mrs. McCauley,
who was Helen Learv hofrira h.
married, was born on a big Texas cattle
ranch In the panhandle and until the
came to China, she says, she has never
been 'Without SL hnnia r u Har in I.
life. She graduated from the law de
partment or Texas university in Aus
tin, in 1919. and since that Hm aha
has been delne woluntear wnrtr Ir.r tha.
Associated Charities In a free legal -aid
oepanraesi, wnicn ia one or the moat
effective and basically helpful lines
alona which constructive ' work i
being done. Some of the legal matters
attended to by this department are the
enforcement of labor laws limiting the
hours of woman's and, girls' work; see
ing that- the work ts don under health-
iui oonoiuons; m aooption Of children
provision for , taking children Jegajry
away from parents unfit to raise the.m ;
the protection ef; ignorant poor -people
from loan- sharks such instalment
paying furniture houses ; making men
wprk for the support , of their families
snd turn their salaries ever for this pur
pose. Mrs," McCauley wants to become
acquainted with Chinese affairs and ahe
hopes to be able to do useful and con-'
structlve work here."
The Oregon Country
Northwest Happenings in Brief Form for
Biuy Header
ORKGON NOTES
i ,e' f snow on tho Kamela hill
is Keeping the roiaiy and snowplow bucy
these days.
PrAint. j -
. , , ' iwm lor a new m,iiiw
hotel in Coquille this summer, together
- ..t- unugo sua a corn pavilion.
Eugene Is the fourth cllv In Oregon
lnu ".k "J'fxwite. having climbed from
fifth place within the past three months.
Fire totally destroyed the house, barn
Vt f1"" " of hay on the A.
Til, .trm V"1' Klamath Falls, the
first of this week.
rT.0.!d p,.0r"r ",r oa 'a1 "Ince
iThf.l""?,!- UI.,be l""' tor oto..r travel
?JlleAh Pacific highway south of Cot
tags Grove is being paved.
.7iHe,,EuK.n?. rrm- creamery t
mailing out dividend rheckH to its 877
patrons and stock holders. The. aggre
gate amount will be over $13,000.
TDespondent because of ill health
i,ery bo.V,ed &u yr. an employe
J' ,h ost Cooly mill. noar Klamath
himself? - "uicid - y "hooting
When the sundry civil bill pates the
nouse. some time between now snd March
-' 1 .iW,U car.ry tJle um of $22.00 for
-VL i5 w,ork on lh McKay reservoir
near Pendleton. "
nZPuCOXrml? lon of th Fr,rt of Cooa
Bay, having Juat realized $50,000 from
botarh?'! ?Lthe, lmmt bo"d -". h
a ,2-tiOI locomotive for tho ter
minal dock at a cost of $20,&00. .
? .ml,'",nor,h of Mdford. one of the
nneat and most modern homes In Jack
son county was destroyed by fire, last
feunday. The loss Is estimated at $35,000. -
A. .T. A IV...I...
" ; ""'r or me Ainert-K"rn,lLtnl'"-.
h. contracted
ir f best grade for shipment to
ifr13n,-lh" cfdV thought to bo for
airplane construction.
nih1" u?ir4 and. J'-dgment of Tt. A."
c,ha,rPan of th8 "tate highway
commission, is concurred in by the other
L7meTeber8 the commisHlon. the
Albinv wmrKad bet- Corvaliis and
Albany will be paved at an early date
ofD?hLarliIi'I.,thiat Martin, a rancher
death aU?U1, dl8trk't. me to his
thmi hl7 JirinklnK moonahlne whlskev
mat had been poisoned, citizens of that
community have called iipon the coroner
for exhumation of tho body and an in?
WASHINGTON
fnTh2-.nlarkeU,?a, fund in county
ror the year 1920 amounted to $88,438 93.
Yakima's new $350,000 theatre was
named1 Kate!" publio m'
.n?.,fc1'U.ndred.l,na fifty-nine acres of
spinach have been contracted hv tha
Llbby? cannory ot Llbby. McNeil &
. 1 fcr't WZst- a brber of Lamoni I
? eth1?t0 h&le confessed to an attempt
Spoku. ea owned by him It
raThhen ho, bouses on the McCarthy
ranch in Polk county were demolished
by the high winds of last week. The
loss is about $4000.
W Jn K'tzvil a. a man found a Jar
it !.n5,i,CO!lf?d li,ui 8'ld- H opened
it and found the body of an infant.
Pullman's improvement program for
the spring Includes the laying of 28.000
22",?" yJrd',of hardnurface paving and
6600 yards of water-bound macadam.
a"A !w "f'amatlon district. Including
30,000 to 60.000 acres, lying above canals
in the Wenatchee and Columbia valley,
has been formed at Wenatcliee. The
project will cost $4,000,000. "
Henry Cahelpohl. a farmer residing
near Kureka, has purchaned the tleorge
M. Mansfield farm In Whitman ' count v -for
$200,000 cash. The farm consists of
2436 acres of highly Improved wheat
land.
Spring plowing has started In the
Tlxe 4 4Jnff waKti for plowing U 11 a
uav nnri nnnti e a s.. .-.., . ...tiu e 1
" , - awo VVIH Sw,( CU 1 mm,
Ust year, and farmer are getting plenty
d.t.nntn. tsA . m m n Me ...,.1. ......
could be accomplished In eight hour.,
vww men operating compreaseu air firms
on the Long road at Cheney drilled
408 feet through solid rock during uT
test Thursday.
The receiver of -the Union Loan &
Trust company of Centralia. which
cloned its doors In September, 1914, hns
asked permission to dispose of the re.
malning assets of the bank. Depositors
to date have received 80 per cent.
IDAHO
Canyon county commissioners have
appropriated $9600 for continuation of
farm bureau work.
Mrs. Ruth Brooks, aged 26, Is dead at
Sandpoint from sleeping sickness, the
first case of the disease In the county.
An appropriation of $35,000 Is author
ised and a sheep commission Is crested
by a bill which passed the Idaho legisla
ture Tuesday.
Frank Jones, a. rancher, has returned
to Moscow from a hunting trip with cou
gar skins on which a bounty of $150
will be collected.
Latah county haa been thoroughly or
ganised for the Washington-Idaho Wheat
Growers association, nearly every
farmer having signed up.
Closing down of lumber mills and
logging camps in Latah county is being'
felt at Moscow, many heads' of families
applying to the county for assistance.
The Rocky Mountain Charity anoela
tlotO has purchased the Coear d'Alene
college buildings and campus and plans
to make It one or the largest homes for
the aged In the Northweut.
Owing to a shortage of fund"., no sal
aries have been paid for the month of
January to teachers and Janitors of the
Twin Falls school district, and it Is pon
slbla thst the entire school system of the
district may be closed for the remainder
of the current year.
kin ow v yo U R
PORTLAND.
The public library has a school
department. It occupies as large a
space on the third floor of the big
building at Tenth and Yamhill atreets
as the circulation department on the
floor below.
The primary purpose Is to serve
teachers. But parents find a great
deal that is of Interest to them.
Books onjfhlid training, on story tell
ing, on primary handwork and on
general education in the home are
found in the school department,' as
well as those dealing with moral
and religious education.
Teachers and the taught whoare
Interested in keeping up to date on
current educational topics find In the
school department Just "what they
want in numerous periodicals that
are kept on file. , If interest centers
around some particular phane of
education, such aa the rehabilitation
of wounded soldiera, orthe history
of higher education for women, or
the place of manual arts in the cur
rlculum, abundant material Is to be
found on these and kindred subjects.
Books for the Sunday school
worker and for mission classes ere
found in , wide variety upon the
shelves-, '
A collection of some 300.000 pictures
has been assembled in the school de
partment and classified under such
subjects as history,' travel, descrip
tion, artists, trees and flowers.
'. The best way to become really
acquainted 'with the school depart
ment it to take 'the elevator to the
third floor upon the occasion 'of the
next ylsit'to the library, and remain
as long aa necesary browsing amongr
the shelves.- A book long looked for
may be waiting there.