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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 2, 1920)
10 THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. PORTLAND,. OREGON. .THURSDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1920. w Si ss "I i -"" 5 a z Sf ft. .1 nAJlT r iAfi Jk.V INDEPESUtST NEWSPAPER C. B. JACKSON.... . , .Publiaber . f He calm. be confident, be cheerful and do unto ether ae you would hae thrm do onto yon-i I'ubftahed eery week day arid- Sunday morning, t The Journal Building, Kroadwajr and Xani bill atreet. Portland, Oregon. - - fcn(red t the poitofflce t Portland, Oregon, for trammi-won through the mill ai aeeond ciaaa matter. " - TELEPHONES Main 7173, Automatic 6e-61. 11 department reached by thesenuinbers. &ATIO.NAI.- AtrVEItTrSI-Nrj KEPBE8ENTA TlVfc Beniarain A Keotoor Co., Jruni'?S Building. 225 Fifth avenue. New or; 0 -'Millars Building. Chicago. FAf'iriC COAST REPRESENTATIVE W. R. Baranger Co., Examiner Building, San rran-ri-co; Title Insurance Building, Lot Angela. Put-IntliKen-ei- Building. Seattle. THE OHEfJON-JOf HNAL rene the right-to reject adTerU-ing copy . which - it deem od Jectionable. It.abo will not pnnt any copy that in any way simulate reading matter or that- cannot readily be recogniacd aa adver tising. ' BIBSCK1PTION KATES , By Carrier, City and Country DAILY AND SUNDAY - Cne wee..-,.. .15 I On month..:. . .63 DAILY - HVSUAt On. week..... .10 I On. week. .-. . ?. 1 ne month.... .45 Bt MAIL, ALL RATES PAYABLE IN ADVANCE iki ii v iVft HI'NDIT One year. t . . . 8.00 tlx month. ... 4.25 DAILY (Without Sunday) One year. . . . ..6 00 Pig month. . . , 8 25 Three months.. 1.75' . One month 60 - WEEKLY (Every Wednesday) One year..,,. .11.00 inree mniifiii. . .w-" One month. . . .79 SUNDAY (Only) One year.... . .Hix-month , Three months, , I3.0O 1.75 1.00 WEEKLY AND , SUNDAY One year. .... .$3.50" bix montli. . t. .00.) ' . . Theae rstei apply on'.y in the West. . Rate to Eastern point furninhed on ipplica t'on. alike remittaneea by Money Order, Express Order or Drift If your pwtoffire is not Money Order office. 1- or 2-cent stamps will be accepted. Make ajl remittance payable to The Journal, Portland. Oregon. Its proper power, to hurt," each creature feels. Bulls aim their horns, and iees lift their heels. . . -rope; AN ARMY IN CONGRESS "I SHALL vote against all pro posals to -Jncrease the mem bership of the house.!' 'That is the statement bf Congressman C, N. McAithur, made juW before his de parture for Washington to attend the coming session oTycohgTess. ' Mr. McArthur is on fitm ground. To increase the membership of an already unwieldy bqdy is folly. There arenow 435 members of the house of representatives, and of that number, perhaps' 35 exercise real influence on the course of "legisla tion. " They, make the laws in cbm . mktee rooms and pass them out to receive the votes of the iremainder of the house, votes-that are largely controlled by thefew powerful com mittee chairmen of the lower branch of the legislative department. It has been repeatedly stated on the floor, and not denied, that the action of the ljouse is'not delibera tive. A. body never is deliberative when the membership reaches such proportions' that there is not tlmo f8r free discussion of pending measures.' ; If every .member "of The; house of representatives were to speak "one hour on a bill before the body . it would require seven .Weeks, at' 10 hours a day, for a discussion of the measure to "be completed. At that rate, eight measures would be before the house in .a year. The result of the limited discus . i sion is committee government leg islation canned in committee and wnt to the membership for ratifica tion, not for discussion. In spite of ihe congested machin ery of the house it is now proposed to increase the membership. That is the only solution of' the .problem faced as a result" of the recent cen sus, we are told, because represena ,. tives will not vote themselves out of a job, which would be the case if a reaportlonment were necessitated 1 on the basis of the, present member j ship. Likewise, they will vote . against reducing the'number of rep resentatives. ' -.--.'"'' -- That, apparently, is the situation ...faced hy the people of-this country. X- More-, representatives in Washing- V lon ;-lhan can talk in seven weeks, ' "and . an increase to come because politicians will not vote themselves out of Jobs. It is to Mr. AlcArthur's credit that . - he is not one who will vote to retain . '""his position to the disadvantage Of ; . the public Interest.' . X According to a federal agent who thinks he knows where to find 'em home brewing is merely trouble brewing. , SHIPS AND SHIPPING THESE are disturbed hours in shipping. There are more boats ' than' business and more business than credit. A rate war impends unless -it can be settled by confer ence, In the meantime the Amer ican' merchant marine policy is being' formed by test. The question yet not entirely answered is: Should the ships of the merchant marine be laid up or be operated ata loss until - trans-ocean " commerce swings back to . norma!? During the war unprecedented demand and Immense ' destruction of tonnage by divers ' combined to put charters a an un- . - -Si . NO GLOOM FOR PORTLAND - : r- - - IN SPITE of an almost entire absence of orders for its output, the plant of the Portland Woolen' Mills remains in operation. . It- is a good example for all Portland plants. Of course, it requires J business nerve. And, of course, it means temporary hardship and perhaps temporary losses for .the owners. ; . It is the way to ward off the slump that feas attacked, some other cities. ? all Portland resolutely forgets abStft depressions elsewhere and goes ahead doing business at the. old stand, very little of the slump will be felt here. ' . , The old nation-wide panics were largely caused by psychology. We had a rotten financial system and everybody knew it. So soon as a few banks failed everybody became frightened and contraction of credit began. ; Those days are dead and buried. now. There can be no panic. In the symptom of the old panic days. " ' ' . , Our main trouble now is that we lived two years after the war in" a fool's paradise. We became accustomed to enormous profits and very high wages. The government had for 19 months been pouring a golden stream of public money into the channels of trade. In all History, gold was never distributed with such lavish hand. " ' Because that inundation of money has subsided, some , busin-ess men are halting. Bu why have fears? That kind of thing could not go on forever. .And we'have now all the great elements of normal business that we need to have. ' In Portland, we have a swiftly growing ocean commerce. It isone of the greatest of all factors in prosperity. It is, as The Journal showed the other day,' an enormous source of local income. As never before, the Orient is calling for American goods. Portland has never exported so much to those markets, and the business has just hegun. The world must have lumber. The ties in hurtdreds of thousands of miles of railroad that could not be renewed during the war or 'since are approaching decay and must be. replaced. A million dwellings have to be built in America, and they will be built soon. r; A time will early come when devastated Europe will be compelled to draw on America for lumber, and most pf it will go from the Pacific coast. The .temporary lull in the lumber demand is as certain as death to be fol lowed by renewed acjvity, . ! Lumber went to such prices in war time that building was prohibited. On thousands upon thousands of American farms there are homes to be repaired, new homes to be built, barns to be constructed, outbuildings to be renewed, and all these and a hundred other forms of use will soon make a renewed demand on the lumber supply. The lumbermen who anticipate this demand by keeping their plants in operation will be first and largest in profiting from it. Out in an Eastern Oregon county last three crops of-wheat. He played a part of the reserve supply that will put new money into circulation. Few farjmrs "have gambled so recklessly, but there is a very, large volume of wheat that Is not at all likely to be held until another harvest. It is new wealth whose influence will pres ently be felt in the .business and financial world. These are a few reasons why there should be no business gloom in Portland. There are many others. ica holds more than a third of the world's gold, and the debts which the rest of the world owes us could not.be paid with" the other two thirds. This country gathered in the great bulk of the world's wealth as a result of the war. As related in yesterday's Journal, it is. the fruitful basis of a coming activity because these millions in money must early seek new means of investment. F For two years, as told in vesterdav's Journal, it has been used bv profiteers in hoarding sugar and tne other commodities until the vultures could sell at enormous profits. It was prily used by manufacturers in financing the vast stocks which they held (in warehouses and on railroad trains when the people were on a.'vild buying debauch. This money was so used in piling up profits that New York bankers were able to lend it at interest rates beyond the dreams of avarice. - But prices are tumbling. The economic change is on. The activities of the past two years afe dead. There is 'no place for all that war. money and all those war profits to reap Stheir golden" harvest. They must seek new investment or remain idle, and unproductive. That will'p'ull down interest rates. Many financiers insist that rates will soon go to a level as Tow as they have been high. That will drive the money into productive enterprise. It will be forced to employ workers and create wealth in order to get dividends. It is an outlook in this re spect such as .America has never vhad, because America was never so full of gold. . Portland cin face the future with perfect confidence. The brave fight which many big Portland institutions are making to dispose of their stocks and prepare for normal business is a splendid endeavor. If all the figures in our commercial arid industrial life will, by similar display of business nerve and foresight, move ahead in a straight line with grim purpose, Portland will pass through the after-the-war economic change unharmed and unscathed. heard of premium. Since the war the pendulum has started swinging to the opposite extreme and it has not yet reached the limit of its sweep.. But it is doubtful if the' merchant marine of America will be much seen1 in the sea lanes of the" future if the present situation is not utilized for a memorable dem onstration of service, even at a temporary loss. At this uneasy moment in ship ping, it is a pleasing thing to hear that commerce conditions are better in the Port of Portland than at either Seattle or San Francisco. . Fewer boats are, " proportionately, being laid up here. Commerce gains ar reported here; commerce losses are privately, bemoaned in competitive ports. ' . t . Such a condition is ' beyond all measure an asset to Portland- It shows that this is a port of origin for essential commodities. It shows that the traffic departments of the port and'; -of private exporting and importing organizations are aggres sive and efficient. It is a condition worth continuing at the expense bf every possible effort. Figures for the fiscal year show that the Panama canal is now self sustaining. The operating expenses last year' were $6,548,000. The re ceipts reached $8,935,000, leaving a profit- of $2,387,0.00. The profit, however, does nqt yet begin to pay interest on the investment. VANISHING LIQUOR T HE liquor stocks of the United States win have vanished be fore the end of .1921 if the present outflow from bonded warehouses is maintained. Treasury figures show that the total supply of warehouses has diminished . almost one-half since prohibition went into effect. ' In January the houses stored 6.9, 200,000 gallons of liquors, including 63',000,000 gallons of whiskey, 4,- 700,000 gallons of rum, gin land brandy, and 2,500,000 gallons of non-beverage spirits. ' In September the warehouse stocks had declined to 46,152,648 gallons. Including 44,500,000 gallons of whiskey and 1,652,000 gallons of rum, giri and brandy. . Officials estimate that 6,000,000 gallons has disappeared since September, leav ing 40,000.000 gallons on hand. .Some of the spirits has vanished through legal withdrawal but much We have a foolproof financial system present situation there is not one there , is wrong, a farmer who still holds his but he has the wheat. It is sooner or later go to market and One more may be mentioned: Amer of it has been stolen. ; The outflow undoubtedly can be stopped only by placing heavy giards around each of Khe warehouses. The figures indicate that the United States is to be a very arid country in 1922. Readers of The Journal found a new feature in the paper yesterday. It occupied the fourth column on this page and will continue to run in that space. It is carefully as sembled opinion from American newspapers on Important national topics, a feature that has done so much to make the Literary Digest widely popular. THE BIDDEN GUEST OREGON prides herself on her 'wealth'of natural beauty. She has invested both money and effort to invite the wide world to come and enjoy her natural gifts. That the invitation has won re sponse is manifest in the fast in creasing 'number of visitors. They come by train and motor car and the length of their visits varies from hours to weeks. The efforts of the Pacific North west Tourist association to carry the tidings of the Northwest, wonder land have had results that are bdund to grow. The guests are bidden, they ar rive. An obligation of public hospi tality is created that must be dis charged to the mutual pleasure of guest and host. There should be available for the visitor the very information that he wants to know about the particular points of interest which have im pelled him to visit the Oregon coun try. Facts about the attractions themselves, at beach and mountain, their respective accessibility, nature of accommodations afforded, rates, road conditions all should be read ily available. ' . . . It", is a lamentable fact that In some cases the accommodations themselves , are all too limited, but all that is a part of the problem. How Is it to be, solved? V arious agencies , function In the Interest of ..he visitor abroad to a limited degree. Coordinated en deavor is lacking. The exact way In which this could be brought about can well be ' con sidered by; a committee recently" ap pointed by Mayor Baker to study the problem. ' PANAMA CANAL TOLLS AGAIN Reopening of the Question Evokes Edi torial Discussion That Indicates . Another Hot Battle When Con gress Again Takes It Up. - Daily Editorial Digest (Consolidated Presi Association) Prediction is general in the press that the Panama canal toll question will be one of the live issues before the next congress. The visit of President-elect Harding to Panama is looked upon by many papers as having a direct relation to th nolicv of tolls exemption declared in the Republican platform, particularly since Mr. Harding Is regaraea as ucni personally strongly in favor of such a measure. The fact that this policy is opposed by many leading Republicans gives promise, as editorial -writers see it, of a lively row when the question is again opened. Meanwhile editorial pen cils are being sharpened ready to in form the public on the, issues involved before congress takes them up. Senator Harding is pictured in the De troit Kews (Ind. as "taking the measure of the Panama canal and estimating its capacity to take care of the greatly in creased American coastwise traffic which he may reasonably expect through free tolls." which, the News continues. the next president will try to obtain. The Boston Herald (Ind. Rep.) feels that the repeal proposition, which Mr. Harding's trip to the canal zone suKgests, ought to be given consideration by the public. "It should be discussed freely and with full information of the involved, yet defi nite, treaty arrangements that lie back of the clause it is now proposed we shall abrogate." e It is unfortunate, in the opinion of the Springfield Republican (Ind.) 'that the framers of the Republican national plat form did not decide to avoid raising the canal tolls issue, and let a sleeping dog lie." Since it has been raised, however, "there will be a powerful public opinion" ranged against the -proposal. Possibly it will influence the selection of a" sec retary of state, the Republican suggests, since "it may necessitate the elimination of Mr. Root." The recent report for the current fiscal year showing that canal earnings are considerably in excess of operating and maintenance expenses, "opens the way." the Philadelphia Bulletin (Ind. Rep.) be lieves, "so far as financial considerations are concerned, for the proposed exemp-, tion of American shipping from pay ment .of passage fees." But the financial aspect is not the real issue at stake, since "this nation, at any time, could have afforded to give its own i ships free passage." The New York World (Dem.) disagrees, however, maintaining that toll exemption would "'not only suc ceed in bringing about the open . viola tion of a' treaty, but in restoring the canal to the basis of a losing investment in order that American shipping inter ests shall be exclusively favored.'! The financial side of the casei is of much less importance to most Writers than the international and economic con siderations. The Chicago Tribune (Ind. Rep.), which voices the prevailing senti ment among inland cities, considers the economics of the case of first import ance. It says: "The present toil arT rangement is not unfair. To eliminate rthem would be unfair. It would ; in ef fect be a subsidy which would put mil lions of dollars into the pockets-of coast cities and shipping interests, with no re turn to inland cities, agricultural Inter ests and manufacturers who helped to" pay and are still helping to pay for the construction of the canal. . It is not gobd judgment, good diplomacy, good economics or good politics to free American ships from the Panama canal tolls." . From the Pacific coast, however, comes a very different viewpoint. "America wants a toll-free canal," the Oregon Journal. Portland (Ind.) asserts. "It would be immensely to the commercial advantage of America to be able to send its coastwise vessels through the canal without tolls" and would "help solve the pressing problem of establishing the great new American merchant marine on a profitable basis." Not only is it economically wrong, says the Memphis News Scimitar (Ind.) "but it is a clear volation of a treaty;" and "the country will not approve the move ment" Its international dangers are pointed out by the Duluth Herald Kind) : "America is bound by a solemn treaty to treat the vessels of all nations alike at" the canal. That pledge was given to Great Britain for a valuable considera tion that country's surrender of certain important rights under other treaties. It was and remains as definite a busi ness arrangement as can be imagined, and this country's honor is pledged to its fulfillment. It cannot decently evade its obligation." Without attempting a discussion of the merits of the question, theDayton News (Dem.) feels that legislanon providing for exemption, would be inopportune, and doubts that the matter can be treated at all "without engendering hostility among other nations. At this time, by virtue of our disinclination to enter the League of Nations, it may be construed as particularly offensive." A number of papers, however, consider the Hay-Pauncefote treaty a mistake, andthat.'as the Washington Post (Ind.) expresses it, "the United States .should never have negotiated a treaty at any time with Great Britain or any other European, power on the subject of inter oceanic communication in. this ' hemis phere." The Post adds : "By superior diplomatic adroitness the British govern ment induced the United States to enter into a treaty which gave Great Britain a voice in the matter. From that day to this the Unfted States has been i ham pered and Great Britain has enjoyed ad vantages to which she is not, entitled." "It was for' the interest of "British capital," as the Burlington (Vt Free Press (Ind.) sees it. "as well as British commerce, that the Panama, canal is kept open to the craft of all other -nations on .the same basis as used by American ships. The Portland Oregon ian (Ind. Rep.) points out that it would be possible for the -United States gov ernment to subsidize American ships to the extent of the tolls collected from them, and - suggests that when Great Britain realized that the United States might accomplish indirectly what the treaty prohibits if done directly, it "would probably take the common: sense view and consent to modify the treaty." Letters From the People I Conamanicatiom senrt ro The Journal fcr publication in this department ahould be written on only one side, of the paper; should not exceed 300 words in length, and mast be signed by the writer, wboee mail addresa in fuU must accom pany the contribution. THE TESTS OF NORMALCY Portland. Nov. 30. To the Editor of The Jdtarnal In the current number of the Survey a writer describes conditions six years ago when unemployment was widespread, with soup kitchens, and bread lines in most of the cities', and when destitute men took possession of churches to sleep at night. .Yet I re member that in spite of hard times there was but a slight drop in the prices of merchandise. Is that the "normalcy" to which the G. O. P. wants to return? Recently the president-elect said the cure for our economic ilts is "maximum production and minimized waste. , .It would be interesting to know just what he meant by those terms," If to him maximum production means to keep the wheels of industry moving so that every one may have a job, and minimized Waste mearis to reform our wasteful systems of exchange and production, with their needless duplications and risks and the enforced idleness of millions of workers, then there is hope in the future ; but if 'maximum production"' means to Bpeed up a few of the workers and leave great numbers in idleness and without the means of buying the goods produced by others, and "minimized waste" means only to-lop off the salaries of a few supernumeraries, and 'strict -economy" means to curtail needed public improve ments, then there are breakers ahead for .us. The world war has been an eye-opener to the workers, and they are beginning to ask why so many must remain in idle ness and poverty in a world of boundless natural wealth; Is it wise and safe to permit the sabotage "Of labor that is now taking place? Would it not be a patriotic thing, as well as good business policy, for our capitalists to keep in dustry going instead of limiting output and causing wide unemployment? . J. M. White. A HIGHLY VALUED APPRECIATION Underwood, Wash., Nov. 29. To the Editor of The Journal Complying with your request Of November 25, asking me to condense my communication of recent date, I have made the attempt and inclose the- same. If you can use it or any part, you will oblige. I appre ciate the- fairness of The Journal and believe jt is doing the public an educa tional service in publishing letters from the people, which are probably more widely read and appreciated than some other departments of the paper. . ' I think The Journal generally rings true on economic, social and moral ques tions. Ruskin said, "The most sacred work is to teach people not to be better themselves, -but to satisfy themselves, and nothing but justice and righteous ness will ever satisfy people." I be lieve The Journal is engaged in this kind of work, and there never can be peace in this nation, or in any nation. until justice and righteousness are en throned there, j That is what the great movement of the farmers is after, what the - newspapers should be after, and what everyone who has a mind to think and a heart to feel should be after. Yours for truth and justice, H. V. Rominger. THE PORT BONUS BONDS Portland, Dec. 1 To the Editor of The; Journal The resolution of the port commission, Monday, authorizing their attorney, Gus C. Moser, to institute a suit, to be carried to the United States supreme court, to test the validity . of bonds which the port desires to issue for bonuses to steamship lines carrying traffic for the port, proves my state ment to the csuncll and to the public. that the port already possessed author ity from the v state to issue bonds up to t per cent or the tax roll (l per cent Dy one act for bonuses. 6 per cent by an other for-direct operation). Mr. Warren of the Committee of 15 and the port commission took issue with me on the truth of my statement to. that effect, made at the time his committee reported its bill to the coun cil, and from the floor of the chamber. I retorted that I got my information from the port's records. lie replied that the port had abandoned all attempts to sell the bonds, they having been report ed adversely upon, by the ports firm the. fourteenth amendment of the con stitution of the United States, forbidding the use of public moneys in subsidies to private enterprise. I replied to Mr., Warren, that the sale of the bonds was yet a very live issue with the port, its attorney having at a recent meeting been . instructed to in vestigate arid to advise 'as to what pro ceedings could be instituted to secure to the port the use of the authority to sell the bonds. Mr. Warren again de nied this. . , Now it transpires th'at Mr. Warren was wrong and T was right, and that the information that I struggled so hard to get before the electors, and urged' the council to give to them, if it was deter mined to put the bill enabling them to sell the docks, with such unsatisfactory success, namely, that the aggregate of the bonding and taxing, power the port sought for .their so-called $10,000,000 scheme was nearer $50,000,000. All this again, demonstrates the ne cessity of the outraged charter provi sion that all public business shall be conducted publicly. Tne fiasco on the so-called port consolidation act was due to its. having been framed and discussed by a special committee secretly, and it assumed that it could by appeals to the selfishness of the state electorate and misleading statements, like those cited above, put the measure over, with its excessive burdens and despotic powers. The continuance of the Committee of 15 after the repudiation of their work by the public at the polls (without doubt,' a heavy majority of taxpayers of the port voted against their bill) and their apparent determination to spend the rest of the $.10,000 fund promised them, is very questionable. If, as they claimed, the bonding power of 6 per cent already- conferred upon them was invalid, why did not' their bill- repeal the conferring acts, instead of reserv ing them, as it explicitly did? Why leave this drain on the treasury for wasteful litigation? The public pays the bill. Cut out the evasiort. and secrecy, and let us have the fair daylight. J. B. Ziegler. . HUMAN BUZZARDS Portland, Nov. 28. To the Editor of The Journal Referring to your editorial under date of November 27, entitled "Human Buzzards," I would say that such crimes as were mentioned could be avoided by establishing restricted dis tricts throughout the country. Nice girls were not insulted so frequently a few years ago, when we had restricted dis tricts, as they now are under present conditions. By all means, let us give our virtuous girls protection. , A Mother. - THE FARMERS' CLAIM BEST From the La Grande Obserrer If - there is to be any "corner" on wheat or cotton, or any other important crop, it would be more tolerable tit thje hands of .the farmers thap any other group. Those who produced the crops have a better claim fb profit on them than have speculators who . produce nothing, and who are mere parasites preying on both producer and consumer. PAVING MATERIAL From the Toledo Blade t Good intentions result in much poor singing. - Qlden Oregon. One of the Oregon Country' Notable -Floods Occurred in 1863. Unusually cold weather prevailed in the winter of 1862. In the middle of January there had been it mail from California overland for more than six weeks. The Columbia river was blocked with ice which came down fforri the up per waters, and no steamers could reach Portland from the ocea"hr There was no communication between Eastern and Western Oregon. This condition lasted for a week, when the cold relaxed and the ice broke up. In the May following the snovf a-nd ice in the - mountains melted rapidly and the Columbia river overflowed. At The Dalles the water was several feet over the main street and the l$wer portion of Portland was inundated. Curious Bits of Information Gleaned From Curious Places "Apes are frequently short-sighted and require spectacles as much as human COMMENT AND aSMALL CHANGE Modern sons of Scotia keen their knrp covered. The 'reds" color of the backbone actually is yellow. of most Genius is still buildine mnus trans and the world is still beating pathways to his door. - : . Ten million dollars nr nefwlprl fnretafa highways, and state highways are needed lor me id millions. Italy thinks it can starve. TV A odt of Flume. Being a poet he should be immune . to starvation. Monday will be a rlarisomo dav nf scarlet hue if reformers succeed in mak ing &unaay oiue with closing laws. If Armenian voters had to writ In tv name of Channes Kadiaznuni it la nrnh. ableL that he could never be elected presi dent? McArthur says th house of represen tatives Is unwieldy. In other words. mucn OI tne OOlltlca.1 timlwr la trvi. neavy. "Does the wife's mother cease to be the husband s mother-in-law after. iiiuuier-m-iaw s aaugnter is a grass now ora ls-Ann : MORE OR LESS PERSONAL Random Observations About Town Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Wirk of Lone Rock are at the Oregon. Lone Rock postof f ice takes its name from a large,- lone "rock standing near the banks of Rock creek in Gilliam county. Though a 'small place it is the oldest settlement in 1 Gilliam county. Elizabeth Lambert Wood, author, poet and Red Cross worker, was a Portland visitor . today. Her son. Lieutenant Lambert Wood, was cited for gallantry in leading his men in an attack on the German trenches, in which he was killed. Verne Bright of Beaverton, writer of clever verse, is in from his home in Beiverton to meet his fellow authors at the reception being given at the Giil bookstore. Mr. Bright was with the in telligence department of the Tiiirty-first infantry in Siberia. Rev. W.' S. Gilbert, former Christian Endeavor worker, chaplain of the old Second regiment, and still later chap lain of Oregon troops overseas, is a Eortland visitor. Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Davis of Tilla-H mook are registered at the Oregon. Mr. Davis drove over from Tillamook and reports the roads in very good condition. D. II. Upjohn, former newspaper man, but for some years past secretary to Governor Olcott, is a Portland visitor. Percy M. Varney and F. G. .Handley, registering from Salem, are at the Ben son. Warren W. and C. A. Easom, Tilla-J mook county ranchers, are in the city from Mobler. . Anthony Euwer of Parkdale is spend ing a. few days in the city. A. G. Holt and his family are her from Shaniko, guests of the Cornelius. . Mr. and Mrs. L. 'G., Thomas of Inde pendence are at the Cornelius. C. L. Knapp and family of Xewberg are Portland visitors. . L. E. Koch of Cordova, Alaska, is at the Seward. C. H. Bradfield of Condon is a Port land visitor. . A. L. Thompson, registering from Yokohama, is at the Multnomah. Major infantry, A. , W. Cleary, United Statfs of San Francisco, is at the OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS OF THE JOURNAL MAN By Fred 1 British soldier who aerred in India diiring the mutiny of 1857 and was also in uniform durini the world war. is ciuren of Portland. Mr. Lockley iterTiewa him and wntea lor Journal reader hia remarkable etory.J Portland is the home of the oldest volunteer in the world war. He is Sergeant James Smith. You can usually find him at the rooms of the Canadian Veterans club at lentn yiu Aiuer streets. I'm a Lancashire man." said Sergeant Smith to me recently. "I was born near Colne, July' 16. 1837. -That makes me 83 years old. When I was 1 years old I started work as a "piecer tn a Lan cashire woolen mill. l worKea mere till I was 13. In those days, the hours were cruelly long, for children. We never had any childhood or playtime. Life was a mighty serious dusui. r worked from 6 a. m. to 6 p. m. in. sim mer but in winter we only had to work from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. When the 10 hour bill was passed I remember what a row it made with the employers about the laboring classes being coddled and snoiled. When I was 13 I was appren ticed to a foundry, foundry five years, queen's shilling and Eightieth Foot and I worked in the At 18 I took the enlisted in the was sent to Pem- brook Dock, South Wales. They called our organization the Staffordshire Vol-unteers.- "In 1857 word came of trie Sepoy re belllon, so I asked to be assigned to duty in India. We went on the Golden Fleece, a British troopship. It took us an ven three months to get to India. "We used both steam and sail, but mostly srfil. We had cavalry. Infantry and artillery aboard. We landed at Barrockpur, 16 miles from Calcutta, and marched from there to Cawnpore 6n the Ganges, where we were assigned to Sir Colin Camp bell's division. It would take too long to tell you "of my experiences In the Sepoy rebellion and of our. fights with the hill tribes during the next 13 years. Yes, I put in 13 years wearing the queen's uniform in- India, and then, meeting a girl I took a fancy to, I pur chased my discharge for 7 and was married. I found that no one- would give me a Job, for in those days a soldier had about as much chance to get work as a convict. I kept it dark abdut hav ing served Great Britain for the 13 best years of my life iri her army, and finally landed a job as a" laborer. I was an expert moulder, so I-got a job as laborer in a foundry and finally . worked back to mv old Job as a moulder before the foreman found out I had been a soldier. and when he did he let me stay, for J beings do' This Is a statement of Pro fessor Behr of KieL The professor placed 25 monkeys in a darkened room and after a careful J eye inspection found that 18 of the animals suffered from myopia fshort sight) in a high degree. The behavior of these monkeys was entirely similar to that of short sighted human beings in a similar -environment. They approached objects lying on the ground with bowed head and bent back, and finally" they grasped the articles in their paws and held them NEWS IN BRIEF SIDELIGHTS I Every purebred animal that comes to Lane county is another step Hlons the road to prosperity Eugene Register. . Republicans re talking of a billion dollar tariff more tariff being inevit ably the thing the Republicans would talk of as a panacea for economic ilia Weston Leader. ? John B. Yeon will make the third of a splendid team to administer -the best road legislation of any state in the union or any country in the worlds Salem Statesman. I 1 The-telegraph report8,declines in prices general all over the United States yet in Salem your Thanksgiving dinner cost more than it ever cost before, higher even than a year ago. Salem Capital Journal. If there is anything in this world that .makes the heart swell with pride for his native land, it is the way the autoists observe the signs at school houses to slow down to 10 miles per hour. Med ford Mall-Tribune. Cbrvallis pastors prayed for a victory by the O. A. C. over Oregon's football team and they succeeded in making it a tie. Even a Corvallis prayer seems to have some Dulling power, although evidently not accepted at full face value. Eugene Guard. , Multnomah as a representative of the war department, and for the purpose of inspecting HiU Military . academy. "The regular and thorough government in spection of all military academies has brought them up to a high standard of efficiency." said Major Cleary. "Military training when the. boys 'are young and their tninds are pliable and receptive means a lot to them and to their coun try in case of a crisis when they grow older." . L II. Compton, whoserved as a lieu tenant with . the Oregon troops overseas and who upon his return became secre tary of the Salem Y. M. C. A., from which position he was appointed super intendent of the Oregon penitentiary, isi a guest at the Benson. Montie Gwinn, now ofBolse, is at the Hotel Portland. . Mohtie is an old-time sheepman of the Inland Empire. Some years ago he was president of a bank at Pendleton. ' -. ) The following well known reirhjnts of the capital' city are registered at the Benson : William Bell, G. W. Seayet and Lawrence Hofer. Mr. and Mrs. L. Parker of the pear metropolis of Oregon are at the Mult nomah and report conditions good at Medford. Rev. William B.' Hamilton, hailing from the metropolis of Southern Oregon, is a Portland visitor. . . H. Roberts of Redmond. D. Rietman of lone and W. C. Laughlin of Mitchell are guests of the Imperial. . Captain' Charles L. Are of Alexan dria, Egypt, is a guest at the Multno mah. ' D. E. Hunter of Bend is registered at the Portland. . Mr. and Mrs. W. F.t Drager of Salem are at the Multnomah. , Mr. and MrsIL J. Bailey of Flavel are Portland visitors. -" Mr. .and Mrs. Neil Banks of North Bend are guests at the Seward.. W. H. Fry of Honolulu is registered at the Seward. ' Nelson Jones, mayor of Weston, is at the Multnomah." , 'L C. Smith, grocer-and town booster, Is here from Newport? Or. . Lockrey was a better workman than most of the others. - "I arrived in America in January, 1880, I landed a job in a foundry- at Buffalo .and- later found a better Job at Phila delphia. I reached Portland July i, 1908, and go.t a Job in a foundry here as a moulder. 1 stayed here till the Lusl tania was sunk. That, was too much for me,: so I went back to England to fight the-race that would murder women and children. I tried to enlist at Liver pool. They as"ked me about my previous military experience. 1 showed them .my discharge papers. When they fofcnd I had fought under Sir Colin Campbell in India 'the recruiting sergeant' said. 'Sorry, Grandad, but we aren't taking on any veterans of ' the war of 1857. You were probably a good soldier 60 years ago, but 60 years is a long time back, and, you see, yodr papers show you !ire 80 years old".' I left -him in a huff, for I was a sight more ''fit than the riff raff they were putting into uniform. I tried next in Manchester and was again rejected on some trivial excuse. Then I Went to London and tried to enlist.fr- They sent me to the war office, where; they asked me a lot of questions, looked ! up their records, and finally said. 'If you have come clear from America to ! do your bit we'll see you have a, chance J at it.' They Sent me to get a Ainiform I and other supplies and made me a rnes- , senger in the war office. Later I took ; the place of a clerk wbo went to the front. "I saw most of the great men who came to the war office' during the war. , I saw Kitchener Just before he sailed?' for Russia. When the news came. .of. Kitchener's death it fair broke up the whole war office. All 'the officers and clerks gathered around and talked about ; it and wondered how we would get along ; without hint. Finally an officer came out and said, 'For God's sake, buck up, men. Our. grief won't bring him back; we must carry on. Get to your desks j and work all the harder to avenge his j death 1. saw the king -many tiroes; when he came to the war office tot get ; the latest, news or to attend matters! of importance. I saw Sir Henry Raw- i linson a good officer, but very stiff 1 and formal, sir Douglas Jialg was more friendly, and had a smile for ibis men. . "Yes, J am drawing a shilling a day from the British government for my lfar services. I think I am the oldest volun teer in the world war. .1 hope I din't live to seeianother war, "for war is bad business. 1 II would try .to get Into the game and do my bit, for I am only, 83, I and there's lots of kick "in me yet." j close to the eyes to obtain a better view. A microscopic examination I of the eye pupils disclosed that among the monkeys the myopic condition was in herited. - " i Uncle Jeff Snow Says : The reason lots of folks'd ruther go to a movie 'n a scientific lecture is 'cause the movie does thetr thinkin fer 'em entirely, ' to say nuthin' of 'bein" amused loo. The Orcpfon Country Northwest lUpiienini in Brirf f orm for thf Must Header OREGOf? NOTES From "35 wcres of 1ni n. c .,..;.:. field B O. Smith irthnr..H Titon potatoes. ( . An average of d car a dav of various products was shinned d from the Aurora station. - ; Gold production7-In the stute of Ore-. ITOn has fallen from nh.mt t- flfut am- 1915 to less than Sl.onn onn 1.. "iVn' The ' Live Teachers' association was formed at the meetinc of !h ir.su - ty teachers' institute held In Dallas lt neck . - . 1 The First National bank of AwhlsnH. according to its last statement, has passed the million dollar mark in de posits. Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Voider, promi nent resident of Woodburn. is dad in a . Spokane hospital, following a fall4 that broke her hip. , . - . The i Hood River srhool district hun voted a tax levy of $67.0o for the com ing year, an Increase of 50 per cejil over that of last year. In the University of Oregon ITbrarvT which contains P4.0nu volumes, there ' re on hand bound volumes of 9U differ ent Oregon new spaimrs. A special election will be lirid in Tilla mook county on December 6 to vote on the-question of tlie county j purchasing fair grounds mnd making Improvement thereon. The - cheese situation in Tillaniook county Is said lo .be bett'.-r than anv other agricultural lino in' th nation. . More than 90 per cent of this season's make has been sold. 1 . Bids from the Portland bond houses were considered too low by lihe M orrow county court, and a a romili the $60,000" lHRUe Of rO;d bonds Ima not , 1...... placed on the market. ,.,Th trial, at .Enterprise "of Victor and irpil Daniels, charged wlfh the murder or Jic.sooe Itorsey at Wallowa Hel.ruarv U. resulted jn a huns jury. The l:uiieW uiuiui-rs are tinder U year of age.' One Eugene firm slii--.iH -f i'-- ' Thanksgiving trade 12.000 pounds of chldfcens to the I'oriUin.i .'n.ui . .H,utr markets along with UMH pconds of oilier fowls, 12 carcasses of veal and 28 dressed hog. A tie. as the result of the special elec tion recently held in the Helleview dis trict near Ashland, praeticallv will de reat highway improvement in the mutter of better road.H le.jdini- r.. th i.i Indian section. WASHINGTON ftlTteen DtiwlUita ......... ' i . the- state normal school at Cheney tins wek. - According to "a report of the countv auditor. Pierce county has a debt of $3,917,656.75. More than $25,000 In fines for viola tion of the prohibition law hnve been collected In Aberdeen during 1920. The Washington state grange. , with support of union labor. Is planning to es tablish a large national bank in Spo-' kane. - The city of Centralia "reduced irH--outstanding indebtedness $19.(HMl during the period from July L l'Jl'.l. to Ocmber 31. 1M20. W. E. Crumb, aged 22, widely known as an athlete, was cut to death when hn fell into the caws of a lumber mill near Morton. Cowlitz county has Issued $t5.0(f worth of county bond for the purpose of carrying on the rei ryise of the timber in the county. Lizzie Hamilton, a neriress. was found dead in her bed at. Walla Walla with her face' and head crushed. Her assail ant is unknown. S. D. Cornell, a hog breeder near CJrandview, has sold his surplus March ftigs "for'-an average of $133 euch. Tim stork is all registered. A branch of the Columbia Dairy Prod ucts company of Vancouver, with a cap ital stock of $1.000 000, will be oiiened 111 White Salmon in the near future. An ordinance providing for street car lares or in cents Has neen introduced iri the Seattle city council to meet a deficit of $500,000 ;in operation of the system. With the wheat market fluctuating be tween $1.20 and $1.30 a bushel, farmers in the I'alouse. district continue to hold their grain, firjn In the belief that th price will advance. Vancouver's fame as a Gretna Or-een htm spread to the Atlantic eoast. and as a. result the Russell Snge Foundation has sens Miss--Alice M. Hill, field secre tary, to-Vancouver to Investigate. With bins groaning under loads of. grain, WHrehouxes piled Ngh with high grade apples and fields dotted 'with im mense stacks of hay, many families In the Yakima valley are unable to pay In terest on mortgages, or everi' tluir gro cery OIIUJ. IDAHO A powdered milk factory . to cost $65.00is being planned for Meridian. Petitions favoring a change from Pa cific time to mountain time are being circulated at Nampa. ' The big sawmill of the Rose Lake Lumber company has closed down for the season. Seeding of fall wheat In many sections of Idaho has been brought to an end 'by the heavy rains. Cultures for the inoculation of lands suitable for growing leguminous plants are being supplied tj Idaho farmers by the university experiment station. Banks of Nampa. Caldwell and Mld dleton show deposits, according tb thfl last report, of 6.6 K5.7.19.1 1 . Other Idaho banks are said to be equally prosperous. Entering the store by breaking a plats glass window, thievesrohbed the, Fargo-Wilson-Wella establishment at! Pooa tello of $600 wortji of silk kimonos and other negligee. - Upon his plea of 'guilty of holding up and robbing' 30 men near Mosow, and ! confessing to a long criminal career, j Keuben Taylor has been sentenced to life impriiioninerit. KNOW ' O U R PORTLAND' The Portland street cleaning bu reau has been one of the agencies that In' the past 10 years has very largely hUttlen farewell ;to the -horse and welcomed the self-propelled vehi cle as substitute. In 1910 and during eueeessiveyears until 118, 48 horse carls were employed in the operations of .the bureau, but now only 28. In. 1910 there were no auto trucks. From . 1912 to 1315,' two auto trucks were' used. From 1915 'until 1918 three were used, in 1918 five, and since. 1918 eight are In regular service. - There . were five horse drawn brooms In 1910, nine In 1915 and 1916, and none since 19 IT. There were: three horse drawn street flushers In use. in 1910 and 11 since 1914. There were no automobile f) ushers In 1910 or until 1916. when three were se cured, .which have slnce been in creased to, five. The number of horses used by the street , cleaning bureau has decreased from 121 In 1910 and 184 in 1813 to 62 in 1920. The banishing of the horse has also less ened the need 'for laborers.' Therp were 190 in the bureau in 1910, 233 in 1915 and only 152 now. Keeping the .streets of Portland clean is not an Inexpensive Job. The appropriation- in 1910, when there were only 132 miles of- pavement- to sweep and 155 miles of .macadam or grtfvel. was $229,950, and of thty amount $204,023.40 was spent, The appropriation in 1914, when-the hard surface had increased to 355 miles and the ' macadam had decreased to 129 miles, was $359,714.31, of which $321,278.51 was spent, the remainder turned back-to th general fund, lh 192fJi with 420 miles of pavement to J ue Kept ciean ana oo mues or mac adam -and gravel, ; the appropriation was- $310,011.65. 7 . (To Be Continued)