THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTlXnD, SUNDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER - 21,; M
, 3
GRADE CROSSINGS
DEATHS 19171919
11YAUT0ISTS
Seventy Per Cent of Those Killed
in Three Years Were Motorists;
Revolution Toll Far Exceeded.
Washington, Nov. 20. Seventy per
cent of those killed or injured at
grade crossings In a three-year per
iod were motorists, according to flg
tires compiled by. the interstate com
merce commission and just given
publicity by the American Auto
mobile association, which through its
touring, good roads and legislative
boards la preparing a nation-wide
agitation on this vital phase of high
ways travel and transportation.
"Three times as many American citl
sens were killed or Injured at grade
crossings in 1917, 1918 and 1919 a, were
killed and injured , during the Revolu
tionary war," states M. O. Kldridge. the
A. A. A. director of roads, who gives the
American cuuuura in uio priuuiinu uni
ties as 6600 and places the grade-crossing
killed or injured for the three-year per
iod at 19,668 men, women and children,
of which 5605 died of their injuries
'. In spite of the' combined efforts of
railroad and highway efficials and auto-
dants continues annually at about the
name rate. The number of such acci
dents and deaths for the calendar years
1917, 1918 and 1919, as compiled by the
interstate commerce commission, is indi
cated j as follows :
Teat. Killed. Injured. Total
1917 .. 1.9H9 4.74 6,733
1618 1,852 4.683 6,535
1918 .......... 1,784 4,619 6,400
Tar thre. yean. 6,600 '14.063 19.688
MOTORISTS IX MAJORITY
These accidents include all persons
w iju worn mjurcu v. hajigu uj i a-iii yjrvji
trains, striking or. being struck by
trolley cars, automobiles or other vehi
cles and by trains striking pedestrians.
A great majority of these accidents have
occurred to motorists, as will be seen
from the following figures:
Tead Killed, Injured. Total.
1917 1,0 8,000 4,03
1918 . 1.131 S.109 4,240
191 .......... 1.232 3.558 4.780
Total for S yean 8.446 9.167 13,213
Thus it appears that nearly-70 per
cent ; of those injured and killed dur
ing the three-year period were motorists
and that such deaths and accidents are
steadily Increasing from year to year.
In fact, there were nearly 14 per cent
more motorists killed in 1919 at grade
crossings than in 1917.
During the year ' ending June 30, 1920,
there were 1302 motorists killed at grade
vi wloi j .it iiiu 1, i luu utawh
That preventive measures are becom
ing more effective in some states than
in others because of grade crossing , elim
inations, more cautious driving, and the
protection of crossings by gates, bells,
etc., is indicated by the fact that the
deaths occurring are not always In di
rect proportion to the number of ma
chines registered In those states. For
instance, while New York gained first
place In registrations, more motorists
were killed in Ohio. Likewise, Pennsyl
vania, running third in 1919 registra
tions, has fifth place on the death list.
Massachusetts waS tenth In registra
tions, but twenty-fourth in fatality mat
ters. Connecticut was twenty-third, in
registrations, but thirty-fourth in grade
crossing tabulation.
DELAWARE LEADS
More people were killed in Delaware m
proportion to the number of machines
registered than In any other state. Flor
ida occupies second place on this unen
viable list: -
1 3. North Carolina
14. rtah
1 5. Vermont
1. Kentncky
1 7. Illinois
1 R. Michigan
1 9. Montana
20. Georgia ,
21. Nerada
22. Ohio
23. Califomfe
1. Pelawam
2. Florida
8. Arkansas
4. MtaLippl
ft. Indiana
A. New Mexico
7. South Carolina
8. New Jersey
0. Oklahoma
10. Weat Virginia
1 1. Iioaisiana
12. Virginia
In South Dakota there were fewer
motorists killed in proportion to the num
ber of machines registered than in any
other state. Massachusetts occupies the
second place on this list, with Maryland
third. Oregon has place on neither list.
Indicating extreme conservatism in cas
ualties.
1. Roath Dakota 13. Kama
2. Masnarhiuctt "14. TenneasM
3. Maryland 15. Idiho
4. Texas 16. Pennoylranja,
6. North Dakota 17. Mnneeota
e. Connecticut 1 8. Missouri
7. Colorado 19. Wiacoiuun
8. Rhode Island 20. Wyoming
. . Iowa 21. AWiama
10. New York ,.,22. Maine
11. Washington, 23. District of Columbia
12. Utah 24 New Hampshire .
It is practically Impossible to eliminate
all grade crossings, on account of the
expense involved, '
The Pennsylvania .railroad has already
pent, 366.000. 000s in grade crossing elim
ination, but it is estimated that it would
cost 3600,000,000 to wipe out the re
maining 13,000 crossings.
H1GHWATS AT FAULT
"There are thousands of grade cross
ings, however, which could be eliminated
by relocating the main highways and by
confining the bulk of the highway traf
fic to one side of the railroad," com
ments Eldridge, "Very frequently the
highway will wind back and forth across
the railroad tracks and this without
apparent reason.
"I have in mind a highway in Arkan
sas which crosses the main line of an
Important railroad nine times In a dis
tance of less than 30 miles.
"The great majority of accidents occur
at unprotected crossings over double
.track railroads where one train may pre
vent motorists from observing the ap
proach "of another train, or where the
railroad tracks are obscured by embank
ments, buildings, trees or shrubbery. On
the other hand, many serious accidents
occur where the tracks are (clearly visi
ble in both" directions. Such accidents
may be attributed to plain carelessness
or foolhardiness on the part of the driv
ers." . ' ,.
"It would seem that since the elimina
tion of grade crossings is the only sure
method of preventing accidents, this
work should be continued as rapidly as
funds can be secured," concludes the
A A A. official, who urges that "every
possible effort should be made to pro
tect the public from accidents on existing
crossings and to impress upon the driv
ers of. all motor vehicles the necessity
for extreme caution."
r " "
Lighting the Way
mgnway "iigmnouses" are now com
ing Into vogue. The entire state high
way system of Wyoming is soon to be
equipped with them. " Dangerous curves
will be designated by yellow lights and
railroad .crossings by red lights. ' The
lighthouses will "wink" 45 times a min
ute, throwing a 9-Inch ray which can be
aan iaa mIUm . m .
MOTOR CAR AND PLANES MEET AT FLYING FIELD
X L.. ' - '.!. Vv-3Si, I .
"ZJ,a"m '" . , 1
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I 'WfiW'if i 1 fLVfiva 'mwmr t n'lmiinrtr-- 1 rv ma v
" mm iLiiiiu,juxji.qi..)i u.i '.'mi ' iijii''"--"wajixa..,.JJia'e :
Scripps-Booth Six snapped beside the Dodrey-drrtlss Standard, winner of the fancy stnnt flying event at
Tewls and Clark field on Armistice day. The car is handled here by a branch of the Scripps-Booth
company, of. California. L. A. Hannan, manager of the branch, who Is an airplane enthusiast, drove
the car as the official staff car for the classic One of the planes Is shown In action" at the bottom.
jfe How&
i ' ! - '
Washington-Idaho-Montana
There are at present 278 miles of high
gear motoring between Walla Walla
and Portland, and by the! time tourist
traffic opens up I next spring 115 miles
of this will be paved road. This Infor
mation has been secured from Secretary
W. S. Parks of the Tri-State Automobile
club, who has just finished a compila
tion of road Improvement conditions fol
lowing the close of road work In the
Inland Emplr-9 with the oncoming of
winter. ' i . j
This means, those prominent In auto
mobile circles here say, that Portland
will be assured of the heaviest vacation
ist traffic next year from Eastern Wash-;
Ington and Oregon she has ever known.
as the route from here to Seattle from
the standpoint of grades and paving is
Baid to - be not j comparable with the
Columbia highway via Pendleton and
the distance to j Portland is 36 miles
shorter. The completion of the paved
stretch, from Portland to Astoria is also
a great Inducement to the tourist from
this section to visit the coast resorts in
the region of Portland.
The principal garage men here point
to the fact also that there will be an
Increased traffic i to Portland next sum
mer from points ; between here and Spo
kane because of the completion of the
paving in the region of Walla Walla
this season and jof improvement Of the
road north from Central Ferry on the
road to Spokane.! The macadamizing of
that road is nowinearing its finish while
150 men are hard at work just outside
of Colfax. This will give a splendidly
graded and surfaced road from here to
Spokane with 40 jof the 45 miles between
here and Pendleton paved and the as
Lsurance that by spring the remaining
rive miles will be hard surracea.
The concrete paving between Walla
Walla and the state line has been com'
pleted and will be cured and open for
traffic by about December 5. From the
state line south for about six miles the
black top paving has been finished to
a point between Weston and Milton.
From Pendleton the same road is hard
surfaced to a point between Athena and
Weston, which are three miles apart.
The unpaved five) miles is new macadam
and will be naved next spring. From
Walla Walla to j Dixie a concrete road
20 feet wide has been finished and will
be cured and open for traffic by Decem
ber 5. Thus there will be within three
weeks 50 miles of paved road In South
eastern Washington and Northeastern
fOregon to connect with the Columbia
highway at Pendleton. The 64 mues oi
paving from Portland to Hood Elver
together with that finished in Umatilla
county and that Which will be completed
from Hood River to The Dalles In the
spring it Is pointed out, will bring traf
fic from Spokane and points south
through Walla Walla and; Pendleton over
the Columbia highway to Portland in
greater, numbers that ever known, if the
proper Cooperation is received from the
tourist organizations of the Rose City.
All automobiles arriving from the East
come into Spokane via Sandpolnt, Idaho,
and Thompson Falls, Mont. The route
via Wallace, Idaho, being closed for the
season on account of snow and mud
mire. j "
From Spokane to Portland and Seattle
the highways are reported fair. The
Blewett pass is still open, but the going
is very poor, due to some snow and earth
slides. SnoqUalmie msa is reported free
from any heavy! snow fall and good time
is made through this pass. This infbr
mation cornea from the headquarters of
the Good Roads association here.
The farmers illving along the Inland
Empire highway will have special cause
for Thanksgiving this year as the final
stretch of highway road out of Yakima,
which has been closed for the greater
part of the past year, will be thrown
open on Thanksgiving morning, accord
ing to announcement made today by
the state highway department The road
will enable motorists to have- paved
highway into Toppenlsh; and connecting
many other valley cities with' Yakima.
Southern Oregon
The condition of the Pacific highway
from the North Josephine cqunty line
south Is as follows : '
North county line to Grave creek, S
miles, i pavement and macadam. About
one half mile of - dirt - road from
Grave creek te foot of Smith hill that
is rough. North slope of Smith hill is
now macadamised. South side of
mountain will require chains for com
fortable driving. Smith hill to Grants
Pass ia fair traveling, although it is
somewhat rough owing to! recent grad
ing. From Grants Pass south every
thing is pavement
The Grants Pass-Crescent City road is
not a good road for tourists during this
part of the year, owing to heavy rains
and steep grades. However, from Grants
Pass to Waldo the going is good' with
the exception of Hayes hill, which Is
very slick. From Waldo to Crescent
City, it is all mountain road with heavy
grades and sharp curves.
A large force of men ana teams is at
work on the Pacific highway between
Myrtle Creek and Canyon ville and will
push the construction of the highway at
that point until completed or the weather
forces a halt Travelers oyer the high
way will find the longer road by Riddle
in fair condition. The Pacific highway
through the canyon., is in fine shape,
where the big bridge Is almost com
pleted. Frosts In the canyon during the
past week interfered with cement work,
but with a continuance of fair and
warm weather, it is said that motorists
will be able to use the structure by the
first of the year.
The Pacific highway south of Ash
land over the Siskiyou mountains is re
ported in good condition by the cars
which are coming over every day.
The construction work on the sum
mit has been held up by the recent rains
but a representative of the construction
company is out on the mountain this
week expecting to call the crew out fof
work If the weather does not get worse
than at present Detours, however, are
In good condition and the construction
work does not hlndef'travel.
, Construction work on the Green
Springs mountain road has been sus
pended for this winter. Work will not
be resumed until next spring. Rains
have made the roads very rough.
The Ashland-Klamath Falls auto stage
line has stopped its dally run for the
season. This stage line goes over the
Green Springs road.
Tillamook District
Trucks and passenger cars are hav
Ing difficulty negotiating the rickety
road of boards near Willamina, on the
Tillaraook road. The Willamina-Grand
Ronde Railway company and the state
highway commission have threshed the
matter back and forth for the past few
weeks without result and motor cars
still plug through mud. The stretch Is
about a half mile in length and was
originally repaired by the Bates-Rogers
Construction company while the flatter
had charge of making the railroad grade.
Little effort Is being made to keep the
plank road In good condition, the place
Is narrow, and at times as many as 20
automobiles and trucks are lined up
awaiting their turn. Frequently ma
chines slip from the planks and a tus
sle with the mud is the result This Is
the worst portion of the Tillamook road,
and, in fact, is practically the only spot
where motorists are having any trouble.
road engineer has built up. A heavy
truck standing still at one ' spot on a
highway will cause no visible damage,
but roll the same truck back and forth
over the same spot for the same length
of time and an effect will be noticeable.
The continual pounding on the highways
is what tears them down. Speed is a
contributing factor one reason why
state and city governments allow ve
hicles to proceed only at a certain pace.
TJS8PKHNG WEIGHT
The element of safety to human life
Is the personal reason for epeed cur
tailment Unsprung weight the weight
below the springs without any softening
influence to mitigate its effect upon the
surface or foundation of a roadway, has
been found to be the secret of road
wear. This weight may be taken up
by the cushioning effect of pneumatic
tires, but when solid tires are -used and
a heavy rear axle Is employed to fur
nish contact for motive power, the Im
pact weight of the. truck is increased
that much and the wear on the highway
is augmented proportionately. The foot-
poundage of torque generated in the dif
ferential is impact weight
While consumers are viewing with
gratification the opportunity for .quick.
efficient and comparatively cheap trans
portation through motor trucks, it might
be well to raise the question as to how
the highways will ultimately fare. This
inquiry may result in legislation regu
lating the speed of certain types of
trucks, recommendations for, certain
equipment may be made and other con-
ditions" imposed for the purpose of elim
inating the chance for a great future
expense to the people, lost sight of at
present in the satisfaction of profiting
AUTOMATIC SPEED
CONTROL URGED
BY TRAFFIC HEAD
G. L Case of Meier & Frank Co.
Says Guard Against Reckless
Driving Is Essential.
G. Zj. Case, traffic manager for
Meier & Frank Co., has decided
opinions regarding delivery cars.
Case, says, "the necessity of regu
lating the speed of commercial
vehicles Is universally recognized.
The many abases of reckless driving
compel the truck owner to safeguard
his interest by equipping his truck
with some device which automatic
ally keeps the speed within a pre
determined . limit"
Manufacturers of a considerable num
ber of standard trucks, realizing the
necessity for the regulation of speed,
have adopted th,e policy of equipping
their trucks with governors which regu
late the speed. . If all commercial cars
were so equipped, it is believed, 50 per
cent of accidents could be entirely
avoided, in itself a sufficient reason for
the general public insisting upon such
equipment on commercial cars.
"The truck owner has other reasons
of equal . importance," continues Case.
"Judging from our own experience, repair
bills can be cut in two. On most of
our equipment the speed is regulated
by governors. We have trucks so
equipped that have been in service eince
February of this year, upon which there
has been no expense for repairs, some
of them having covered a total of nearly
8000 miles. By regulating the speed of
delivery cars, the tire expense can be
reduced from 20 to 25 per cent In
addition, the elimination of a large per
centage of accidents, the saving in repair
and tire bills, the life of commercial
cars so equipped is Increased Wrom 300
to 400 per cent In other words, a truck
will last three or four times as long.
, "For the benefit of truck owners who
are not familiar with governors. Case
says tlfat a standard governor which
can be installed on any make of car
or truck and for which repairs or parts
can be obtained locally, is preferable.
Information at hand would indicate that
a superior Instrument of this kind Is
being distributed on this market and
would suggest that truck owners could
investigate it to their advantage."
Eugene District's
New Roads Praised
Eugene, Nov. 20. Engineer C. G.
Whitmore of the State Highway com
mission, paid a recent visit to Eugene
and looked over some of the finished
road projects in this vicinity. He inti
mated that these compare very favor
ably with any surfaced roads in the
state. He states that this county will
receive the amount of $55,000 from the
state market road funds next year, wits)
the provision that the amount be
matched by an equal amount to be
raised by special levy to the county.
A Letter y
From. All of.
Us to S. Kozcr
TO Sam Koxer
by a type of transportation efficiently
shouldering the task of supplying con
tinual short haul service and occasional
emergency transfers. The cost of trans
portation may not mean the immediate
rate per mile ton. It may mean the
ultimate bill for highway repair.
(Apofacfas to K. a B.)
DKAK Sam
I get a letter from you
'
EYZBT yeai'
ABOUT this time
AND in every letter
YOU ask me
.-
THE same question .
f
AND that is
HOW many inches wide
'
ABE the cylinders
OJT my Ford car
AND I never
CAN remember
4
HOW wide they are
AJTD every year
.
I have to go
TO the garage man
WHO knows these things
AXD get this Information J
TO send to you
AITI as you probably know
WITHOUT writing to me
THE width of the cylinders
TS a Ford car
I wish you would tell me
.... .
TS your next letter
....
HOW, wide they are
SO I would not
...
HATE to bother
THE parage man
WHO is not very affabU
AJTD makes remark
ABOUT the number of times
HE has to answer this
QUESTION
AT this time of year.
YOTJR8 truly.
ALL OF US.
"Freezitis" Soon
To Hit Eadiators;
Alcohol Is Remedy
Now that winter is here once more
and inasmuch as radiators In a large
number of cases will be afflicted with
their customary complaints of "freerl
tls," it pays to remember Friend Alco
hol. Radiators are not beholden to the
eighteenth amendment
It is well known that If the water in
the cooling system is allowed to freeze.
serious damage will result to the ra
diator and cylinder water jackets. The
use of alcohol as an anti-free re medium
is almost universal, but in a great many
instances it is incorrectly employed. The
following formula may be found helpful :
For a temperature not lower than 20
degrees above zero use the mixture,
wood or- denatured alcohol t per cent
glycerine S per cent, water 90 per cent;
for a temperature not lower than 10 de
grees above zero, alcohol 10 per cent
glycerine 10 per cent water 80 per cent
The glycerine does not evaporate, but
the alcohol does, so that alcohol should
be frequently added to the solution.
BIG TIRE DEMAND
TO RAISE PRICES
Present Reduction Not Viewed
With Alarm j 8,580,000 Cars
Will Need Shoes During Year.
Tire companies announcing sub
stantial reductions in their product
opens a 'new channel of thought
and dealers are at once making pre
dictions regarding the possible mar
ket for automobile tires as soon as
the market Is sufficiently stabilized
to offer attractive buying conditions
for the consumer. One dealer sums
It up in this wise:
ate registration figures show that
more than 7,000,000 cars are in actual
use in the United States, all wearing oot
tires, and the estimates for the coming
year call for nearly 2,000,000 more.
Making allowance for 420,000 cars which
will be junked during the year based
on the recognised depreciation figure of
per cent per year 4,680,000 cars will
require tires during he coming' year.
Which means a potential market for
about 84.000,000 tires!
Dealers are reflecting the optimism
of manufacturers and distributors, and,
although many have been making sales
at prices below list with alow sales
at that they think that if the market
can fall to solid level, a healthy de
mand for tires will materialise shortly.
Portland Man Wires
His Order for Car
From Factory in East
S. V, W. Peters, manager of the Port
land Motor company, is in receipt of a
telegram from C F. Wright of Ballou &
Wright who is now in' the East giving
him an order for one of the new Packard
Single Sixes, delivery of which he will
take when he returns to Portland within
a few weeks. Wright wired that he
had visited the Packard factory, seen the
car and driven it This experience was
enough for Wright and the telegraphic
instruction to Bave him one was the
result "While the wire was in the na
ture of a surprise to me," said Peters,
"the Single Six Is only running true to
form. Simply from the information that
the Packard company was to get out
a light six, was enough for several buy
ers to come to our salesrooms and place
their orders. . As fast as the first few cars
are received they will go into the hands
of owners." Some of them were pur
chased without even knowing the exact
price. Peters also received notice last
week that the Portland Motor Car com
pany had been appointed a direct fac
tory distributor for the entire Packard
line of passenger cars and trucks, with
territory to include Western and Central
Orecron and finnlhxrn Ctrmmn TT.,H
Ltore the company has operated under
Beanie. ine new arrangement enables
the company to carry a much larger
stock of parts and to better their service
iacuies not only In Portland but
throughout the territory which the com
pany now controls.
TRANSPORT BIG FACTOR
IN THE COST OF GOODS
(CoDtinacd From Pan On)
roadways through the action of various
types of trucks, seeking to solve for
all time the relative Importance of static
and impact weight Should the high
ways of the country go to pieces under
the wheels of this type of commercial
transportation, then the cost per ton
mile will be increased just in proportion
to this deteriorative effect and the con
sumer will pay the difference.
COXStTKEK ALWAYS PATS
The truck will not be a benefit if
it proves too great a strain upon the
country's purse. With a 828.000.000
four-driveway tube going under the
Hudson river between New York city
and Trenton, N. J., with the government
about to spend something like 8800,000,
000 on highway construction, and with
the states combined spending a total
sum in excess of that for the next few
years, unless the roads are built to -endure
or unless truckbuildens cut their
cloth to suit the highways available the
common citizen will eventually pay the
bill. ' - ; , . ....
It has been found that Impact weight
rather than static weight is the influ
ence waich seeks to tear down what the
IF the Hupmobfle were a liv
ing creature, the word devo
tion would exactly describe the
qualities which actually endear
it to the average family.
It so seldom sulks; it is so ready
and willing; it performs so faith
fully, that it repays, over and
over, the confidence people
place in it.
Without question, these are
the underlying reasons for the
great good will in which the
Hupmobileis held everywhere,
MANLEY AUTO CO.
Eleventh and Oak, at Burnstde
Broadway 217
Prices Guaranteed Until March 1, 1921.
Watch the semaphore.
Although Armless,
Fresno Man Flies ;
Like an Old-Timer
San Francisco, Sept j 20. The only
armless blrdman In the world is today
skimming over the country surround
ing San Francisco. And despite his
physical handicap, I C Thornton of
Fresno is qualifying as an expert avi
ator, his great ambition in life.
Three years ago Thornton lost both
of his arms In a railroad wTeck. Sheer
determination and grit has led him to
accomplish wonders since that time. He
first wanted to drive an automobile.
By rigging a sling on the aide of the
steering wheel and with a hole punc
tured in the rim of iron inside the
wheel, Thornton drives with ease.
luuinwu rcwnuy juwea an aviation
school and has succeeded in learning the
an oi nying unui ne is an expert, lie
Is a first class machinist and the pro
prietor of a machine shop in Fresno.. !
Auto Equipment v
Show at Chicago
Proves Revelation
E. R. Wiggins, president and
manager of Wiggins A Company, Inc.,
is in the East attending the fifth annual
meeting of the Automobile Equipment
association, terminating In Chicago this
week. He is accompanied on the trip,
which la one of pleasure as well as of
business, by Mn, Wiggins. " -
Manufacturers of all kinds of auto
motive equipment are showing their
wares at a show in connection with the
convention the second year of this
feature, and so large has the event
grown that the Coliseum had to be com
mandeered to house the vast display.
Wiggins writes to his organisation here
that great strides have been made dur
ing the past year in the development
of automqtive equipment of all kinds.
. Akron, Ohio, is also on Wiggins lists,
as that city is the home of the Diamond
tire, for which his company is the local
aistriDuior. ii is saia uiai ine local
equipment man will return to. the city
the first of the month. - .
Zlno Rims Retard Rust
Many automobile wheel rims are now
sine coated by the sherardixing process.
This treatment retards rusting, which in
the past Impaired the life of the rims
and caused occasional accidents due to
fastenings giving away.
ii ;i
mMm Ii
Wm. L. Hughson
North Broad way, at Davis
Fhoaa Bdwy. tilt -
PERFORMANCE COUNT
Mack Trucks
Are Asset
to Owner
Their guaranteed price makes
them as valuable a possession as
ready money. j
Prospective buyers of motor
trucks need have no fear for a
"falling market" in reference to
MACK tracks. I
The average increase in the price
of MACK trucks has been only 15
per cent in eight years. Compare
this with other trucks.
MACK truck prices are as sub
stantial as the trucks and every-
body knows there is no truck that
compares to the MACK in rugged
ness of construction.
Can voii name any truck besides
the MACK that has a heat-treated,
case - hardened crankshaft and
camshaft? j
1 to 7-Ton Sizes J
MACK INTERNATIONAL
Motor Truck Corporation
Broadway 691
(?
2