' THE OREGON LDAILY JOU RNAL. PORTLAND. ORE60N
WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 8, 1920.
J
!f WDIP1MDE.XT WCWlPATEft
C S. JACKBOM
.rsbnaoeT
(Be Mia. ee confident, be cheerful ud
sste tUMfi m tm maiM bate ladawUyt
id do
yoo.1
Publishes erery wk day ad Sawder rls.
I The JovrnaJ Baudiag. Bfwedwar 4 Iw
, bill street. Portland, Oregon. -
, Knt.Mrf at tha nnetnfflca at Portland. OreoS
, (or Uanamlaeioe Uuvua to aailf aa sesosd
.' elaai Butter.
TELEPHONE; Mala T 17 . Aatstseue "SO-ai.
Alt department rreched by tb nafra.
Benjamin A Kealnor U, Bmiiewtes Mnilois.
2 Dftli aM. Kew lork; SO ataiiere
Bonding, tJnicaio.
THE OREOOS JOCRMAL merrei tne right ta
,. reject ederuin eope wmcs n ue
jeetionabls. It also will sot print any TOI
' tbal in an way atnjnlatea reeding matter or
that oaDDot feedlly be reeoguifd aa adnr
Uaing. SUBSCRIPTION BATES
By Carrier. City and Country
DAILY AND SUNDAY
Oh week
1 .lb On month ...I J
DAILY 1 SUNDAY
Dim week
Oft
Mna MMlh 4 5 I
BY MAIU AI L IIATE9 FATABI.E IN ADVANCE
On yaar Is 00 Three month . .U-Jf
Six snontha 4.2ft IOm month TO
nan.T
SUNDAY
(Unlf)
(Wlthvut Monday)
On yaar ...... 00
(On year
IS 00
1.71
nil months ,
Throe montba
171 jmz month . . .
1.7a Turo Doauu .
1.00
Uo month W
WEEKLY
(Seerr Wednesday)
On ytar 11.00
Bit tnnntha .... 6U
witKaXY AND
HIINDAY
On yaar gl.SO
-,. Thau ratea snnlr'onlT Id th Weat.
Tl.i.a ta Eajtarn Dolnta furnished on appMe-
tton. Mall remlttancee by Money Order. Kxpree
Drdef or Draft If your puatoffice la not a
Aloney Order Office. 1 or 2-cent stamp will i be
eutd. Make all remlUancea payable to The
Saraal, Ponlajid, Oreson.
Red eoul. take comfort, nor forget
That aunrix oarer failed us yet,
1'clia TbaiUr.
FIGHTING THE FARMER
HE WAS a Clackamas county farm
er. The mortgage was nearly
due. He needed fDOOO to replace It,
and tried to get the amount from the
slate school fund on which the In
terest is but G per cent. But no
money was available in that fund.
That was before the days of the
farm loan system. When he finally
got the IjOOO, there was a new mort
gage on his farm, the interest rate
was 8 per cent, he had paid a bonus
of 2 per cent and had paid other ex
penses and requirements raising his
interest rate to. 12 per cent.
It is a sample of what farmers were
tficn confronted with in financing
their operations. Some paid more:
some less. The farm loan board es
timated that the average Interest rate
farmers in the Northwest had been J
paying was $M per cent. Then there
were lawyer's fees, abstract fees,
bonuses, and these with loans on
short time swelled tho final cost
of a loan to figures that ate up the
profits of the business and often sent
the farm to the auction block under
foreclosure proceedings.
It seems unthinkable, but It is the
fact that the Farm Mortgage Bank
ers' Association of America is boast
ing that it Is "directly responsible
for the federal land bank and Joint
stock land bank not being in opera
tion today, and not being able to
operate until some time next year."
It would seem impossible for a body
of men to rejoice over the temporary
crippling of the farm loan system
which has enabled so many men to
save their farms from going under
the mortgage.
The process by which the system
was thus put out of business was
this: A suit was brought to have the
exemption provision of the farm loan
act declared unconstitutional. It
stopped the saleof bonds from which
funds were obtained for making loans
to farmers. The farm loan board
sked congress to appropriate the
140,000,000 as a loan to the system
for meeting the applications from
farmers for funds until the suit could
. be decided. i
Applications for 112.000,000 in loans
that had been approved were then
pending. But congress at the late
session refused to appropriate even
the $12,000,000.
The chairman of the membership
committee of the Farm Mortgage
.. Bankers' Association of America ln-
slsts la a letter that the supreme
court Is believed "to be favorable to
us," and that the decision is not likely
, io oe nanaea aown until "after the
next election."
Thla attitude is what Is known In
political parlance as "reaction." The
farm mortgage bankers refuse to see
that the true policy Is live and let
- Ilvev' The crying need on the farms
for a generation has been loans on
long time at low rales..
Loans were needed to make 1m
- provemenis. extend operations and
' increase production. Increased pro
duction meant better farm conditions
and a stronger republic. That is why
the farm loan system was established,
. Practically one third of the popu
lation tf America; live on farms ot
are dependent for .a living on farm
activity If that group Is given a
chance to have working' capital on
' .reasonable terms, and. through . that
.. privilege be able -to extend operations
ana be more prosperous, the founda
' t: '
Uon Is laid for the rest of the nstlon
to be prosperous. This Mow by the
Farm Mortgage Bankers' Association
of America at the farm loan system
U a blow at the republic Public
sentiment ought to rise up and con
demn it.
It seems Inconceivable that Senator
Harding should have opposed the
farm loan system. But he did.
It is opposition to such things that
Increases the tribe of Bolshevists.
The graceless person who leaves
a gob of chewing arum in the bowl
of a bubbling fountain would spit
on the griddle at home to see If It
was hot enough for flapjack batter.
WHERE THE LAW FAILS
A
LOGGER came to Portland from
Alaska last week. He registered
at a local hotel. .With several com
panions he purchased moonshine
whiskey from a couple at the lodg
Ing house. He suddenly became very 111
and was banished to his own room
for recuperation. An employe of the
lodging house attempted to wake him
from, the stupor. But he could not
be aroused. Later he was found dead
on the pavement below.
Nobody knows Just how he got
(here. At first foul play was sus
pected. Then the police announced
that he probably fell from the win
dow? But it is known where he got the
moonshine, it is also known that It
was poisonous moonshine. Everybody
that drank it became ill. They char
acterized it as "bad whiskey."
. The couple that sold the moonshine
will, in all probability, be charged
with bootlegging. But ( the charge
hardly squares with the offense. The
liquor was poisonous. It made Us
consumers ill.
Down at the custom house are
varied assortments of stilis. They
are made from lead, tin and other
metals that produce highly poisonous
moonshine. The product is sold broad
cast, and from its effects consumers
become seriously ill or die.
Those who sell such stuff are not
merely guilty of bootlegging. Theirs
is a. greater offense. And when the
law does not square with the offense,
it falls.
Albany reports a shortage of
houses. Eugene has difficulty in
finding homes for all the people
who desire residence in the uni
versity city. Salem must build new
houses in order to accommodate in
crease of population. Corvallis has
not enough houses to supply the
demand. Shortage of houses is a
wholesome evidence of industrial ex
pansion. But shortage of houses if
allowed to continue restricts indus
trial expansion.
THE ECHO
AT MARION
rT,HE league has been an absolute
1 and total failure; It hasn't ac
complished anything," proclaims Hen
ry Cabot Lodge In a speech at Boston.
"The league Is utterly Impotent as
a preventive of wars. It is so obvi
ously Impotent that it has not even
been tried," says the echo from Mar
ion, Ohio.
If the league is a failure and is im
potent, who made it so? Henry Cabot
Lodge, Mr. Echo Harding and others
of the senate cabal, who prevented
the United States from entering the
League, and withheld from it the pow
erful, sustaining and stabilizing influ
ence of America.
Behold the picture of Lodge, Hard
ing and their band! First they stab
the League. Then they stand back
and say. "See how weak it is!" Just
now they shiver because the league
did not protect Poland from the at
tack of Russia.
As a matter of fact, the Polish af
fair, has more than one side. Long
before Russia made the attack on Po
land, Poland made an attack on Rus
sia. The Polish armies pushed far
beyond the boundaries of Poland and
into Russia. Poland defended this
aggression on the ground that it wasiost of education as stationers equip
necessary to her safety in the place
of naturally defensive territory. Po
land was-not entirely satisfied with
the boundaries assigned by the peace
conference, and wanted to extend
them. .
Great Britain and France warned
Poland against this attack, because it
invited counter-attack and was not
In harmony with the peace settlement.
low far Poland was Justified, If at
all, is not to be here discussed. It is
clear, however, that Poland was first
the aggressor, then Russia, and that
the whole business is an extension on
a small scale of the great war, a mat
ter which was primarily In the scope
of the supreme council which grew
ouv oi tne war. and has ever
since been functioning to deal with !
me aitermath.
The exact line where the supreme!
council should cease and the League
of Nations begin has never been
fixed. The opportune time certainly
had not arrived during the period
when the League of Nations was only
being formed and the greatest influ
ence for peace, the United States was
being kept out of it by the Lodges
and the Hardlngs. No one ever ex
pected the League to step forth full
grown before It was organized. The
first meeting o the League assembly
will be held In November.
It is distinctly not true that the
League has failed or has not accom
plished anything. It is engaged iD
preliminary work, but work not less
important because It is preliminary.
It Is making the foundations for an
international court It is making plans
for disarmament, which will later be
laid before the respective governments
for action, Jt is organizing its staff.
j garnering men from all corners of
the world most suited for the special
ized work they are to perform.
For untold! centuries the world has
been .schooled in war. and in the
agony of It men and women have at
times despaired. The League hi their
hope, the inspiration of another day.
It may require a little patience to
quiet the frenzy, to clear away the
Lodges and the Hardlngs who obstruct
the path, and make secure the foun
dations of the new order.
The manwho wrote "Everybody
Works bat Father" was killed the
other day by an automobile, which
raa him down at a street intersec
tion in New? York. He was Samuel
Lehman, brother of District At
torney Lehman, and was a musical
composer, air conductor of .musical
comedies arid the author of many
catchy Bongs. He was 38 years old.
WHAT IS PORTLAND COMMERCE?
kpvOES the Port of Portland commis
iLJ slon regard tho commerce of
North Portland harbor as Portland
commerce ?
Or does it: exclude from Its defini
tion of Portland commerce any ship
ping business not transacted directly
on the Willamette river?
For three .years the Port of Port
land commiisslon has Tiad the re
sponsibility of deepening North Port
land harbor: It has done nothing.
Ships do not enter North Portland
harbor because there is not sufficient
channel depth.
Confronted! with the petition of In
dustries in the North Portland dis
trict, the Part of Portland commis
sion has pleaded that it cannot make
the improvement at once on account
of lack of funds and it has admitted
that until it completes a survey It
will, in spite, of the three-year inter
val, lack knowledge as to the best
method of improving the North Port
land harbor.-
The Port of Portland commission
indicts Itself! with both excuses. Its
public duty is to finance the North
Portland harbor improvement. Its
routine administration should have
provided it. within a few months after
the legislature made the North Port
land harbor a part of the Portland
district, with the engineering data
necessarily precedent to the improve
ment. ,
At the head of deep sea navigation
on the Columbia river nature has
provided anJ commerce will demand
a three-pronged harbor development
One prong ts the Willamette, The
middle prong is North Portland har
bor. The third is the Columbia In its
relation to Vancouver, Wash.
Nobody contends that the shipping
on the Willaknete does not constitute
Portland commerce. Not less does
the commerce present and potential
of North Portland harbor constitute
Portland commerce. The transac
tions of the industries now in the
North Portland district aggregate,
without ship service, $123,000,000 a
year. The amount doubtless could be
doubled under the stimulus of deep
water shipping facilities. Important
industrial enterprises In North Port
land will either go forward or be
abandoned contingent upon the har
bor improvement petitioned. And aif
expansion of cargo moving facilities
means the multiplication of ship lines
and the enlargement of payroll in
dustries. The commerce of Vancouver, Wash.,
is also the" cbmmerce of the Portland
community. ; A broad visioned port
plan will contemplate and encourage
improvements on the Willamette, in
North Portland harbor and at Vancou
ver. A broad visioned port commission
will do ail In its power to forward
development along these broad lines,
and it will ,not be deterred by the
protests of selfish localism nor di
verted by ulterior political influence.
The coBt of ham and eggs will be
obscured during the next few days
as a subject of conversation while
parents learn more about the high
Y ung America with text books.
PLANT EVERGREEN BERRIES
YHY not plant evergreen black
VY berries on thousands of acres
of logged off, lands in Western Oregon
and Washington? Great areas now
waste would become profitably pro
ductive. Stumps would offer support
to the thrifty ""'nes. Weed infesta
tions would e crowded out. but the
trees on lands where reforestation is
an objective would be allowed to
grow.
Canneries would offer a depend
able market; for the fruit, and eager
markets ' fori the preserved berries
would be found throughout the coun
try. I
The problem of transforming logged
off lands from waste to productivity
Is ever before the Northwest , states.
Generally the cost of clearing is re
cited as an obstacle. Evergreen black
berries will grow in uncleared land
without cultivation.
They will? add to the fertility of
the soil either for another crop of
trees or fori the agriculture of the
future. - i ' '-
A BETTER PLAN
. J
TUB Journal is opposed to the Non
partisan I league.
It thinks there is a better way to
get the better markets and better farm
conditions for Which the farmers In
the Non-partisan league are striving.
The delegates from the National
Farm Bureai Federation 'who held
a conferenceUt the Oregon Agricul
tural college Saturday and hive since
been in Portlknd studying cooperative
marketing organizations, reflect The
Journars idctt of the true war to
solve farm problems and put agri
culture on a sound basis.
To attempt to improve farm life
through politics attracts politicians.
They climb on the band wagon as
movements show strength and tbo
often seize the reins of leadership.
They worm Ihelr way into office and
frequently turn the plan from Its
original purpose. .
The farm federation is an organi
zation of 1,300.000 farmers with poli
ticians left out. Its central idea is
cooperative marketing. 1U method is
to solve farm problems along prac
tical business lines rather than along
political lines. Its rapid and extra
ordinary growth is one of the most
promising prospects, in American ag
ricultural life.
And anything that is promising for
agricultural life is promising for the
nation.
CRUSADE AGAINST
"PISTOL-TOTING"
By. Carl Smith. Washington Staff
Correspondent of The Journal
Washington. Aug. 8. Multiplication
of crime through the indiscriminate sale
of revolvers to irresponsible persons and
those oCatgje criminal class is leading to
agitation in several parts of the East for
some supervision by law over the
weapons of death which are passed over
the counter for the asking, washirg
ton within a short time has been treated
to two examples of escaped patients
from a local insane Institution buying
firearms to commit murder. The police
officials are aroused and want legisla
tion that will afford sorne protection to
the public from the repetition or sucn
occurrences, and also put It out of the
power of thugs to buy revolvers without
a question being asked.
"If we had a law requiring each dealer
to Inform us of the name and address
of the person who desired to purchase
firearms before the purchase is made.
and let the police investigate the char
acter and responsibility of the purchaser.
It would prevent promiscuous sale at the
time they have in mind the desire to
kill," said a Washington police Inspector.
"The law should require the dealer to
take the, name and address and the rea
son given for desiring to purchase, for
reference to the police department," he
continued. .
Police officials scout the idea that this
would be an Infringement of the con
stitutional guarantee of the right to bear
arms, since society as a whole has rights
superior to those of persons with evil
designs or bad reputation, and no per
son of good character and good Inten
tion need fear that he could not obtain
firearms for legitimate use.
If the law requires a druggist before
selling a violent poison to register the
name and address of the person and the
reason for the purchase, they arfrue. why
is not the same precaution taken in the
sale of pistols? With the sale of every
revolver registered the tracing of crime
would in many cases be simplified, and
in time the activities of hold-up men
considerably circumscribed. This Js all
the more necessary, it is contended, since
the automobile has added so vastly to
the facilities for escape, and the use of
revolvers by "payroll bandits and other
criminals has become so prevalent. It
would also be a deterrent in many cases
where persons, with a sudden Impulse
to kill go directly from a store to hunt
down the victim.
Governor Morrow of Kentucky, a state
famous for gun duels and over-use of
firearms, a few days ago issued a state
ment declaring tha hereafter all per
sons convicted of carrying revolvers must
expect to serve jail sentences, as he will
no longer Issue pardons and paroles for
them. He declared further that he In
tended to investigate cases where magis
trates Impose fines instead of jail sen
tences for this offense. This reverses
the rule of leniency which it Is said has
obtained In Kentucky for many years.
the common practice being to seek and
obtain a pardon from the governors
office whenever a "pistol toter" had the
misfortune to receive a jail sentence.
Records' of the borough of Manhattan
one part of the ciO of New York
which were recently published show t2
murders in seven months, S3 of them
committed with revolvers. The list of
pistol killings Is a varied one, with hold
ups, burglars, lunatics and persons gov
erned by Jealousy and revenpe all in tpe
picture. It is a heavier list than usull.
and New York officials are also begin
ning to take an interest in means lor
prevention.
Letters From the People
( CommnnteaUont sect to The J annul for
t- 1 : - . ; . .w.. J . ....... I.J W . , I n
puuiicauoa in HUB uc(wiuu,u, ."wuiu
on only one side of tna paper, should not exceed
300 words in lengta and mutt be aimed or ua
writer, whose mail addrea in full must accom
pany tha contribution. 1
HE WILL VOTE FOR COX
Portland. Sept. 1. To the Editor of
The Journal I have been asked how
I would vote; for I had made-up my
mind to .vote for the third party. I
was brought up always to take the less
of three evils. I read in one paper that
the Republicans were ruled by two slick
men. 1 read in another paper that the
Democratic party was ruled by a skek
man at the White House. So I got dis
gusted with the whole outfit. I got
another paper, with great headlines,
that aaid the third party was ruled by
two men one in Jail, aad the other
ought to be there. I came to a halt I
was born a Republican, so I have con
sidered the whole thing. I have looked
up the records of what presidents have
done. I find President Wilson has five
points to one of any other president.
I find he is the only president that ever
attempted to tetter the condition of the
poor man in this way mora than any
other way, so a man with a family could
own his own home and make a living
where his home is, so he won't have to
leave his home and go to the other end
of the world to make it And Just at
the time Wilson was making his greatest
efforts he asked the laboring; claaa. and
brainworkers as well, to g-tve him more
support so he could accomplish this.
Did we do it? No. I say it to our
shame. We put in one .of the worst
men we ever had in the senate. No
worse bribery ever was committed, and
I am sorry to say the Republican party
upheld iL I understand Newberry 1 is
still at large, the man that defeated one
of the greatest measures that was ever
drawn up In the world's history, and we
are left 'out in the world like a lot of
whipped curs, runntng away from eur
duty. What a fine thing it would be
for Untie 13am to be alongside ot France,
Great Britain, Italy and the rest, when
he is needed so badly to help settle the
affairs that he so nobly engaged in.
Yes, the one. sick man at the White
House hag accomplished more .than all
of the others put together, though he had
Lodge and a bribing - senator against
him, with Potndexter thrown in to boot
If epared, I shall vote for Jimmy Cox
' , Ell A. Bowbeer.
IT REPLY TO MR. HICINBOTBAM
Portland. Sept. a.-To the Editor of
AT. ff,1 ehJ and trite saying
that "hell is paved with ajood intentions"
was never so applicable as to the good
soul who would oppose single tax on the
ruuna ma it wauijt h m burden ta f
poor man. Bless Mr. Hicinbotham's
heart ! Th . single tax was conceived
for no other purpose than to secure
justice, which means that a poor man
can get the home God intended he should
have. The Pacific Monthly for Septem
ber was asked If there was any more
land open for homestead entry In the
United States, and the answer was,
"Yes." In Arizona, but it costs $5000
to get water on It or make it habitable,
and if the Pacific Monthly knew of
an available tract free where poor men
could make a living- it would be taken
six weeks after the facts were published.
I wrote the Pacific Monthly that I knew
of just such an available tract, with
running water, close to market and
all of the opportunities of modern civil
isation, and that land was everywhere
that roan toiled ; Indeed, it was in the
heart of London or New York or Port
land or China, but because it was held
by those who do not use it, men are poor
and homeleas, and there is enough of it
to support 40,000,000 people la Oregon
alone, and the only possible way to
break down the barrier to its entrance
was the single tax.
Vacant land is held just beyond the
ability of the poor man to use it. The
moment he is able to pay $1 an acre for
it, it immediately jumps beyond his price,
and so on, no matter how high It gets,
and the poor man is in a treadmill, for
ever boosting land values just beyond
his abUity to use iL
If a graduated land tax Is justifiable,
then infinitely more so is single tax. A
graduated land tax assumes that the
possessor Is not entitled to land values.
If that Is true in part It Is true in whole.
If it is not true that land values re
public values, then your graduated land
tax has no justification. If it is true,
then all of the value underlying Port
land belongs to Portland. Let Mr. Hlc
Inbotham read up. J. R. Hermann.
AN ARDENT LEAGUE ADVOCATE
Takilma, Sept 1. To the Editor of
3he Journal I have made many a vote
for Cox since I arrived here, two
months ago. I am a Kentucky Demo
crat every day, and I am working hard
here to elect Cox this fall.
Harding is for a separate peace with
Germany and against the League of
Nations, and the American people down
here In this neck of the woods will not
stand for the like. I feel that Oregon
will go Democratic and for the League
of Nations.
Now I will tell you there are a whole
. .
lo-
of people here and all over the
United Statea that do not know what
the League of Nations really stands for.
and they are not reading good papers
llks The Journal, but will read dope
that is not worth picking up In the
road. I think you had better urge that
a lot of literature be printed and scat
tered in every county in the Union, with
the League of Nations explained In It
in full. If it is neglected millions of
voters will go to the polls In November
who will not know what they are voting
for. M. M.
Curious Bits of Information
for the Curious
Gleaned tjom Curious Places
The peddler, who has almost disap
peared entirely tn American farming
communities, is still a very important
institution in Lithuania. His outfit
there is a veritable department store.
His customers are dependent upon him
fof nearly everything they do not raise
or make upon their own farms. There
are not even any mail order houses to
encroach upon his wide domain. Every
thing tha peasant home in Lithuania is
not able to produce -"roust be brouarht
many miles. Railroads are few, many
of tnera having been destroyed by re
treating armies. And so, through the
peddlers, with their surprisingly varied
stock in trade, Lithuanian mothers do
their own shopping at their own door
steps.
Olden Oregon
Here Is One Story of the Origin of the
Term "Wabfoot."
The term "webfooCt was first applied
to residents of Oregon during the min
ing days oi me carry 'bans, ah apoc
ryphal story, taw explans tha origin
of the term: A traveler Was spending
the night at a farmhouse on Long Tom
river in Lane county. It was during
the rainy season, and while tie traveler
and his boats were discussing the weath
er the traveler sarcastically observed
that the children of the country ought
to be prevlded with .webbed feet. "We
have already done that," commented the
lady of the house, who. In proof of her
assertion, brought forth1 her baby and
diaatlayed to the aatonlshed traveler a
pair ot feet with webs between tha toes.
It seems unnecessary to say that, the
storv lost nothing In the tailing.
HIS ONE-PIECE BATHING
Copyright, 1820. by The
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE
Cox says he's dry.
one, either.
He's not the only
Not much to do the first week but to
get ready for the weeks to follow. School
work, we're speaking of.
a
One might be forgiven for suspecttne
hat th miniature atamrtede occaalonea
by a wUd steer on the east side Monday
atlernoon was really the werk of a Pen
dleton Round-Up press agent
Mathematicians have found that the
increase in freight rates will make it
cost only 1 cent a pound more to ship
meat from Chicago to New York than it
did under the former rate. This being
the case. It ought not to be necessary for
the retailer to add more than 20 cents
a pound 19 his prices.
MORE OR LESS PERSONAL
Random Observations About Town
Hamilton Johnstone, who attended the
Chicago convention, and by special re
quest of the W. C. T. U. Investigated the
alleged vending of spirituous and malt
liquors in the Windy city, reports that
from hearsay evidence the process of
beating the prohibition law is merely a
matter of having the proper denomina
tion of legal tender note conveniently
available ; which, however, so friends as
sured him, is of necessity required to be
much higher than before th war. In
New York, so reliable friends informed
him. the process Is a little more camou
flaged and also more costly. It is
necessary to sit at a table and order a
long, tall glass of ginger ale and a
chaser. The chaser is the main aqueese
in the process and consists ot at least
three fingers. AU told, the price is two
to five bucks.
a
Professor Edwin Griswold Nourse,
who occupies the chair of agricultural
economics at tha Iowa State Agricultural
college at Ames, Iowa, la a guest at
the Benson hotel during a brief visit
in Portland. The visitor is author of
a number of volumes on economics that
are said to be standard texts and
reference works on the subject.
William J. McCormack. togged out In
OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
Kradea erf rrininaiity and eleleoe are rew
orded In this artirie bjr Mr. taefckay. who "
Dare Hbm, a Ue drleer of tne dart of aW, who
had fmt-hand knowledge of the deed of read
acenU and of the vengaeooa that M freqaenUr
oertook them. I
Recently I spent an afternoon with
Dave Horn of Pendleton. an old-time
Wells-Kargo driver. "Many of the other
express companies robbed the miners,
but the Wells-Fargo company always
dealt squarely with th public," he said.
"Whenever the treasure chest of the
Wells-Fargo was robbed the company
paid the losses. They paid the wages
and all expenses of their drivers and
guards when they were hurt while on
duty. They would promote their men, in
place of giving the good Jobs to sons or
relatives of their stockholders. I used
to know John J. Valentine when h was
stage agent at Virginia City, and he
finally worked up to be general super
intendent of the company.
"I used to carry the Wells-Fargo
treasure cheat in the late 'Os in Mon
tana. The road agents became so bad
that the company used to send five shot
gun messengers with me. Two sat in
the rear, one on either aide and on in
the eeat with me. They carried sawed
etf shotguns with barrels two feet long.
The charges contained 21 buckshot, and
no man could get a job unless he was a
man of proved courage. Th guards who
usually traveled with me were John
Featherstone, Jim Brown. Johnny Brent,
Al Grader and Bidler. Most of th Shot
gun messengers were 'Old-time stage
drivers, but Bidler never did manual
labor. He served as Indian scout and
shotgun messenger and at other such
Jobs. He was a short, heavy set, mus
cular, likable ehap. He was usually
eatled. though not to his face, Th Head
Strangles' as he had served as chief of
th vigilantes in Montana. 1
.
"While driving out of Helena I bunked
In the store of Miles C. Moore, who later
became governor of Washington Terri
tory, and for many years lived at Walla
Walla. There was a pin tree In Last
Chance gulch, half a mile out from
Helena, where a good many of th tough
customers had been strung up by th
vigilantes. Eventually It war carried
away by tourist for souvenirs. I re
member Bidler shot at a road agent once
SUIT
rTeas Pabluhlnf Co. (Tha Ntw ten World)
NEWS IN BRIEF
SIDELIGHTS
We appreciate our pure wholesome
mater supply all the time, but par
tlcularly when we wander away from
home. Baker Herald.
What do you know about oats grow
ing 6 feet high in Harney county?
This is the case of a field of oats on
the Mahon ranch south of town, says
Harvey Marks, superintendent of the
ranch. Crane American.
Over in Bums they are talking of
putting In a combined landing field
and golf course. "Qolf is an entirely
new game to most citizens of Burns
and Harney county," says the News,
"but those here who are familiar with
the sport think very highly of It aa a
game of science and of value for recre
ation." Bend Bulletin.
an engineer's regalia, registered at the
Hotel Oregon Monday afternoon and
informed his friends behind the desk
of tbe fact that he U at tha eve of
a long trip. McCormack, whose head
quarters just now is at Vemonia, Or.,
is to leave within a day or so for
Florida, where he has work outlined
for his talents ' by the Slems-Carey
company, by which he is employed.
a a
Dr. and Mrs. G. Earle Hen ton, after
spending a montb in Nebraska, have left
for Log Angeles, where they will remain
two weeks before returning to their
home In Portland! Dr. Hen ton visited
all the prominent eye, ear, nose and
throat hospitals In the middle west and
California.
George Wornack of Fort Worth.
Texas, where there Isn't any fort at
all. is accompanied to Portland by his
wife. The visitors are at the Portland
hotel. At the same host house are
Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Seabrook of Dallas,
Texas, a town that would be the biggest
in the Lone Star state if San Antonio
were not within the same bordera
a a
Dean Best and Mrs. Best of Pendleton
are at the Imperial during a brief visit
in tne nig city.
Lockley
and went back to see If he was wounded.
He came back and all he said was, 'By
heck,, he's too dead to akin
a
"It Is a curious thing, but the head of
Uhe road agents was a man named Plum-
who wave wnvriu. iiv appvmiev ma
associates deputy sheriffs.. He was able
to keep tab on every traveler who left
th country with any amount of gold
dust The coach of Peabody k Cald
well, between Virginia City and Bannaok,
was held up and relieved of Its treasure.
One of the deputy sheriffs, knowing who
robbed It, refused to stand in and was
killed by th other deputies. Finally
George Ives was arrested by a miners'
tribunal and tried. Three able lawyers
defended him and a young and Inex
perienced lawyer, W. F. Sanders, con
ducted the prosecution, which was sim
ple In the extreme. He stood up before
the Jury and the crowd of jnlners and
said, 1 move that George Ives be forth
with hanged by 'th neck until h Is
dead. The motion was duly seconded
and carried, and a few minutes ister Ives
had ceased to struggle. His last request
was that hid mother, at Ive Grove. Wis .
be teld that he had been killed by the
Indiana Sheriff riummer and his two
chief deputies, Stlnson snd Ray, decided
it would be healthier elsewhere, so they
prepared to depart, but as they were
leaving th vigilance committee took
them to the hanging tree and hanged all
three.
e
"In January, UK. they hanged 22 mor
men Implicated in murdering miners or
robbing slulc boxes. Red Ysger con
fessed and gave the list of road agent,
whose recognition sign was a necktie
tied in a' sailor knot and mhos password
was Innocent Jake Bilvle. who bad
killed It men. was strung un, as was
Georera Lowry. Bill Pag., Dec Howard
and Jim Romalne, who had murdered the
Magruder party. Others hanged were
Steve Marshland, Bunk Stlnson. Bill
Graves. Boone Helm from Oregon, Ned.
Ray, John Wagner, 8am Bun ton, Mex
ican Frank, Alec Carter, Bob Zachary,
George Lane and some others. The
wholesale banging theew si scar Into
th road agents and th holding up of
stages ceased to be a prosperous and
leading Industry." j , . .
The Oregon Country
Morthwtst Uapivnlnta in Brltl Form for tha
Bnay Baadar.
OREGON NOTES
Many ranchers in the vicinity of Stan
fleld are uslnar sulphur on their alfalfa
lands to increase production.
Sulphur on alfalfa is giving rood re
suits on Juniper flats In Waseo county
says County Agent J ackma n. "'lur"y'
The Mapleton hlch school u k...
open for the fall tem but n hv no prin
cipal. The salary paiu is $noo jPlir
Lester Mclntyre, the 19-ynr-oid son
of Mm. James Rons, was drowned In
the Snake river near Homestead while
In swimming.
Mrs. C M. Bagley, instructor of the
Wapanltia school, will have charr of
the Juvenile exhibit at the Wasco county
fair this year:
Salem Cherrlans to the number of
more than 100 will ro to Vancouver,
Waah.. as guests of the annual prune
harvest festival.
The Idaho annual Methodist confer
ence is helm? held at Prairie City, Or.
The district includes Southern Idaho and
l-astern Oregon.
What is believed by many the largest
prune drer In Oregon la under construc
tion at West Kaleni. The capacity of
the plant will be over 2000 bushels of
prunes dally. Electrical power will be
uma.
McCullash, sales manager of
the Apple Orowers' aaaoclailon of Hood
River, who ha returned from the Kast.
says he does not expect anv great actlv-
Lty,.ln tha box appltt market until the
holidays.
The Island Lumber company, oper
ating a null opposite St. Helens on Sau
vies Island, lias put on u night hlft
and added 50 men to the force. On the
double shift the mill cuts about 170,000
feet of lumber.
According to Superintendent Childs ot
the Hood River experiment station, re
cent heavy ralha and the late develop
ment of the codlln moth will necessitate
a pre-harvest spraying for the control
of newly-hatched worms.
Mrs. R. M. Andrus picked up an old
coat on tha roadside while eolng In an
automobile from McMinnville to Mon
mouth. In a pocket of the coat was
found a sack containing 5oo. The coat
was lost by a 4ian named Daniels when
his team ran away the day previous.
WASHINGTON
Onl
V
7R.000 bushels of the 1920 wheat
crop in the f 'unman district nave Dcen
sold by farmers.
The annual meeting of the Washington
state conference of Free Methodists has
opened at Wenatchee.
A number of Yakima county paving
lobs have been delayed for a long time
because of lack of cement.
William O. Cole hs resigned as po
lice judge of Walla Walla. 8. C. K. Wil
bur has been appointed to succeed him.
Troy. 12 miles east of Moscow, hat
planned to hold a county fair this fall,
which will Include all of Latah county.
The school of forestry, University of
Idaho, Is announcing lis rangrr course, (
to open November 1 and close March Z.
Chelan county has gained $4.6S5.ft90
In assessed valuation during the l"t
year, or more than 26 per cent. The
total valuation Is t21.909.2S7.
Knrtneer Clark of Walla Walla hae
completed a survey of a section of th
Evrrcreen highway. 1.0 miles lonir. con
necting Pomeroy with the Inland Um
pire hiarhway at Dodge station.
It will cost approximate! v M per cent
more to run the school of Yakima coun
ty for the coming yesr than It dirt last
year. Indication are that ihr m hool
budget will be well over $1,000,000.
Yakima county members of the hu
mane society are preparing a petition to
Governor Hart asking that a number of
features of the proposed Walla Walla
rodeo be eliminated becauae or cruelty
to animals.
Recent rains have furnished the soil
with enough moisture to sprout th
winter wheat and give It a good start
before snow comes, according to reports
received from various parts of the In
land Kmpire.
IDAHO
E. L. Sehnell, auditor of Lewis county,
has tendered his resignation to take
effect September 15.
Th state board of equalisation has
raised the assessment of Kootenai coun
ty from fll.lao.714. to $11,908,801.
Elmore county has a population of
5087 aa against 4785 in 1S10. Olenns Ker
ry has rrown in the past 10 years from
800 to 1243.
Under th direction of Kcout Execu
tive Gordon B. Clarke the Iewlston
council of Boy 8cuts will organise a fir
prevention campaign.
The Lesson
By June MacMlllan Ordway
Today, in the fair, calm country.
I forget tha wortd'a aad strife.
I find st peace aed deep content;
In Um flowar-ladcD braes, new life
I aea 'mid the fields of ripening grata
Tha promlae of OoA come true
Hi loTbif hand prorides for the maimed)
Hi iferd to ua is e-rer true.
I preaa sweet flower to my cheek.
I whisper aofUj. sacred, low:
r. , v. w immh ahnuld mora fervent 1
In the field of grata jo ba-a told ma so.'
Portland. August It.
Uncle Jeff Snow Says:
When -Uncle Sam laid a tax on whis
key to rals funds to pay fcr buatln'
the Confederacy, Nick Peters, on the
upper White River In Arkanssw, had
to tak thre trips to Little Hock, and
one of them trips lasted over two
betpre he decided to be law-abidln' snd
make his moonshine with revenoo stamps
onto Jt Some of our latter day wt
saints should study out what happened
to the moonshiners and sHch their
calllsi'.
And Now Comes the I 'cony
of Oregon as the Finest the
Whole World Around.
There are Christopher Columbuses
among florists. llowsrd Everts
Weed, a landscape architect Who
came ' to Portland from the Kast a
few years sgo. has discovered that
peonies grow more beautifully and
vigorously In the vicinity of Port
land than anywhere else In the world,
not excepting the. place of their an
cient origination In Southern Asia.
At his place near Beaverton he has
VjO varieties of peonies from which
he made an exhibit. In connection
with the last Portland Hose show,
that an expert who had seen the fa
mous Paris flower show told him
possessed blossoms more beautiful
than any grown in France or ex
hibited In Its capital. Similar testi
mony has been offered by eastern
members of the American Peony so
clety tha t -Portland peonies cannot
equaled, much less surpassed. , '
Mr. Weed believes there Is a rela
tion between the growing conditions
of the rose and of th peony and that
the soft rains, golden sunshlns, gentle
air and vitally productive soil which
account for th exquisitely delicate
charm of one are likewise responsible
for the vivid beauty of the other.
Portland' peony plants are di8
trlbuted throughout the United Stales,
and th business el growing thsm is.
becoming more and mor profitable
year by year, , One of the distinctive
characteristics of peonies, apart from
Ihelr vast variety of color and petal
age, is that If gathered as buds they
may b kept In the bouse two weeks
befor they wither, and if placed In
cold storage at a temperature just
abov frvestng and In very moist air
their freshness may be retained for a
period of from three to six months.
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