FRIDAY, JULY GO, IZZ'J.
8
THE" OREGON : DAILY; JOURNAL; PORTLAND, OREGON
AS INDEPENDENT NKWSPArEB
c h. jAcN.. ...... r-ru-;
( .".- j1' ";j: i mto . i
Unto others as you
l-ubluhed ery n nay an" """"' v "
Mil ut. PortHlMj.' Oregon. V '...
Kntered it the I'cUfic t I'ortUml. Oron.
trttrM it jne ,ilt.u second
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Ttr.EI-HONF-8 M.i- TIT 3. h7r, nn.
All dnrtment reached by Wea mlro"'
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mntaiwrn s -"--- V., , una Mailers
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THE OUiON JOCUXAL .t X-em,
reject .adertitn copy which it .
TertSnable It also will o Prln B 7
ttt to any way simulates reading nttr or
SLBSCKIPTION HATES
By cmr, city and country.
DAILY AND StNDAT
On
Si" MASaATK?iAtABrK IN ADVANCE
Ttiree months. .,
Olio month. . . .
SINDAT
! (Only)
On yesr.
His months. ... .
DAILY
'-".. (Without Sumly)
On year ?'!!?
Kit months. ... f-JJ
Thrt, .month. .
Ona month. .... -BO
.75
On year. . ...
Hli month . . .
Three, month.
ts.no
. 1.7S
100
WEEKLY 1
WEEKI.f AND
On. rr U 0" yetr.....l.S0
Six months.;.. .60 I . t
Thee rates apply only Jn the Went. ,
KMXrn to Ea-tem point, furnWiedon m
ton. Mase remittance by Money rder, fcWJ
Order or Drft. If your iotafflee not
Money Order Office. 1 or 2-cent l
ceepted. Make all remlttancea pybl to The
Journal. Portland. Oregon. ;- -
'A stab of debt and emharraroment it
tte of pwritir misery, and the sufferer
can know neither rest uor pee till it Ja
cut out. Briilaea
THE DEBT PERIL.
T'lIAT to pay $430,000 of current ex
1 penses, the city of Portland in
fnne case. wiiKsvltbiiately pay out
Si,O75.00O, was related iinUastv Sun
tlay'a Journal. The facts were recited
thus: : " :'' :;-.
i 'At one time the city issued $430,000
worth of warrants to pay current ex-
. jienHPB. The amount Increased and the
city failed - to raise the money by tax
ation to meet the obligations. ; Bonds to
cover the amount were then Issued and
sold. The bonds drew. 5 per -cent inter
est and run 30 years. At the" end of
the period (the city will have paid -out
f 1,075,000 In, order to cover tfta original
debt: of 1430,000. t
V Here was a huge sum of public
money literally wasted by profligate
financial operations. It shows the
tendency which often accompanies
public financing'That form f financ
ing was so extensively practiced in
rities in Oregon and Washington that
financial agents in many eases refused-longer
to buy warrants. Usu
ally, these municipalities, when their
warrants thus became greatly deprcci-
-ated, resorted to sale of bonds to re
fund the warrant indebtedness and fn
consequence began at once " to pay
not only interest on the principal but
also interest on " the accumulated in
terest on that debt. And the ugly
fact in the situation was thaVsuch
municipalities -were paying interest on
a current expenses debt whicb should
never have been incurred ; for when
. a municipality cannot jpay current
expenses as n goes, it is a .financial
bankrupt and its management a,
failure. ?
In , Sunday's Journal it was also
. shown that in Portland bonds were
f issued ; and' for a considerable time
the requirement for laying aside a
sinking fund under the "term's of. -'the
Jssue was ignored by public officials.
It actually ;happened that tfteVcity
council though urged .by . the mayor
to do so, refused for several .years
to make provision for. sinking funds
on an outstanding, bond Issue '"CouQ
cilmcn doubtless did it in order to
keep the tax levy as low as possible
as a sop to their constituents.
. Public v debt and private debt are
of overshadowing importance to those
who owe those debts. There should
be guarantee in advance that, those
who are to handle public debts should
be competent, prudent and of - the
highest Integrity. It fs:eveh more im-:
. portant for .the Individual who goes
into debt to be sure of his resources
and of his capacity to handle money
tecured by going into debt.
If he has not those" resources and
that capacity. It is better for him to
get out of debt and' stay out. ,,, 5 -
San Franclsco'f bill for buildings
Bince the '1906 fire has reached the
handsome ".total v of J39JT,UOT;fj0u.
Does history furnish fatfelheequaV
.example- of courage, .Zyltallty uid
confidence, in .the rebuilding .of Na
city raze 1 by the f drees ot;Tiature?
? UNGUARDED '
HOTELS and public boarding houses
must secure a liccpse -from the
fity. They- must keep, an -open reg-'
4ster of their guests. But helpless
babies , may be - taken toa 'baby
boarding house" , or Vnurserj h6me"
Which has "he license. " There is now
no authority to inquire Into the fit-
jiess of the place or its keeper iW-lf a
aby Is bruised and beaten the feener
nay- be prosecuted ' tmder f municipal
-
FARMERS FORCED TOf FIGHT
' 4-
BELOW is the boast of the tttrm Mortgage Bankers: Association of America
that it is "directly responsible for the federal land bank and joint stock
land bank not being In operation today." ",
The members of the association are not the commercial bankers engaged
jn legitimate banking, but are men and corporations whose loans are made
fn .mnpf bubo. iiiiallv on. farms. - j i " -' ( T ; .
t The boast la made in lelter in wb,ich, the' association seeks to gather
in funds for carrying on the campaign against the farm loan system, ine
letter is of kind with one printed in Wednesday's Journal,. In which thechalrr
man of the Farm ; Mortgage Bankers' Association requests contributions of
I53 each from all Individuals lending money on farm mortgages, the" money
to be used: to kil' the tax. exemption feature of Uie'farni loan bonds and
tliercby increase the interest rale to farmers on money borrowed from farm
loan banks. 5 . . : '",-r ' : v :."--V ' :n:
The boast by the Farm Mortgage Bankers' Association, that it has put the
farm loan banks temporarily out of operation, is literally true. It caused a
suit to be brought to test the validity of the tax exemption feature. of the
farm loan act in the federal supreme court.1 Tne case is pending, and is to
to be re-argued in October. Meanwhile,
farm . loan bowls cannot he? sold, and
loans to farM;rs. iln the' iet'ler bclov the boast Is made, that there are not
likely to be fundi on hand ;for- loans bythe f farm banks until 1921. An
amazing statement In ther letter is an expression of belief that the supreme
court is against the tax features, of tne
Th. ipttr la addressed to the Wejls
signed by W. M. Heckler, "chairman membership comIrtmee.,, iris as follows: J
OerttJemen ; " we inclose nerewiui pih
n.r.b.n' i.mrliitlon of America.
letins which are Issued from' time' o time, sometimes three ind four times a.
month, to the members of the association, and shows the way the wind is biow
lnir. You will note the remarks In regard to the supreme court in the matter
of passing on the constitutionality of the tax exemption feature of the land bank
honds Most OI U Dclieve mat tne u ircmc wran v
Kon. Thich I interpret TO BE UNFAVORABLE TO THE LAND BANKS.
wit JivORJBLE TO US. UNTIL AFTEBTHE NEXT ELECTION. At any
rate the Farm Mortfrage Bankers Association. I think, is D1KKCTL.Y KB-
BANK NOT BEIXO-IN OPERATION TODAY. AND NQT BEING ABLE TO
OPERATE UNTIL SOME TIME NEXT YEAR. " : ' .f
. r trnnrine ir thin f act ainne la not worth more to you than the small fee
which we charge for membership in the -association, and as a matter ; of fact,
don't you think that the association is entitled to support, both financial and
- . , i. tii i.- Dt.-trii'T4ii'vri V11JM MOIiTt'.iOK. llKAI-
ERS? If you agree with me wiir you
and SEND IT TO Mr. WITH fUUR
YOUR FEE UNTIL. KKPTKMBKK 1. 11 fi tMU huui.li cj oiamjih x-ai-ABLK
TO E. D. CHASSEL.L, SECRETARY AND TREASURER,, but send it to
'it
The letter from 'a' similar source
. . i. I . . -
member of the finance committee I wish; to urge upon; yt)U :as chairman the
necessity of impressing upon each member of the" Farm Mortgage Bankers'
Association and others who are interested In farm mortgage Investments,, the
great importance! of subs-Tibing most liberally to the educational fund vyhich
is to be used during tne next few months in an endeavor, to mould sentiment
among congressmen and others." It also said: Any mortgage banker or . any
other individual iwho does any mortgage
to put up flDO. which was the sum subscribed by members of the association
to carry on the fight." "
By the iOlO census 38 per cent of the farms of America were' tilled by
renters. Thousands of farmers and their families .were on farms they had
formerly owned, but whiclr had gone under the mortgage. It Is expected
that the 1920 census will show that 45 and possibly 50 per cent of the farms
of the country have gone under tenantry, most of them In satisfaction of
mortgages which 'the owners were not able t i pay off. The farm loan banks
were established under President Wilson's leadership to save the old home
steads' of America from being sold, to satisfy the mortgage. i .
Yet, vital to American farm life as, is the farm loan system, here is ?a
huge organization gathering a vast sum of money to be used in killing that
system and restoring th j old order of short time loans and high interest rates
under which farm life was on the
becoming a race.of renters. ;Vlth their money and their secret machinations
and intrigues, with. tht.: gold to "mould sentiment among congressmen and
others." It is hot: beyond the possibilities that thest. farm mortgage bankers
may succeed in pulling down the most
conservation and defense of agriculture
It is men who are doing this sort
for unrest among farmers. To them
tributable such ! movements as the Kon
their present attempt , to break down
Non-partisan league grow.
The better business interests ought to join with 'the farmers in fighting
thte movement. AVe arc told that wc must have production. The way to get
production is to-preseWe.rthe farjn loan system and give Ihe farmers- that
hope and working capital by which alone they can keep production at the
maximum.' ';(:
police power but that does not avert
bruises already;; inflicted. The city
attorney, has; acted : commendaly in
his prompt response to the 'sugges
tion that an ordinance be prepared
requiring nursery homes to secure a
license. Ultimately a strengthening
of the child welfare act of the legis
lature should provide for the licensing
and supervision of private ; nursery
homes througrroit Oregon. Babies
have the 6ame! rights" as adults and
need more protection.
Eugene has sL population of 10,
593 and is the fourth city in Ore
gon, the standing of the cities being.
Portland first, Salem second and
Astoria third. As a center of agri
cultural, fruit, forest and other re
sources, Eugene5 is certain to con
tinue with a. substantial growth and
to t ultimately become one of the
most substantial cities in the state.
It has an aggressive population and
is ! advanced in j all endeavors. .'. It
is" ja center in which its people " may
yrell have pride.' " . ';
PORTIUAND'S ALLIES
npHOUGH the shipping board ignores
li? the plain rights-, of ; this city in
making it part of a" district of; which
Seattle; is headquarters,, Portland is
not friendless, j ; "jV.r 'Vr
Though' the navy- department uses,
according to Senator Chamberlain's
testimony, charts, some 50 years' old
which ignore the. splendid harbor en
trance and ship .canal of the Colum
bia, Portland still has friends. '
Though t the railroads - have - seem
ingly given Pygel Sound. their prefer
rnce in ' investment, Portland , is not
left helpless. j
The laws of 'nature and the re
sources; of Providence" are at .Port
land's back. The sharp increases in
rail rates, both past and prospective,
will have the effect of developing the
water transportation which is an es
sential goal, of Portland's jsuccess. .
. The 'earthquakes of - California,
Avhich shatter S the confidence of
thronging tourists in that section.
bring to their attention more ford
blyr than before the sunshine and
balmy'&irs, -the' splendors of scenery
and the boundless recreational re
sources of the Oregon out of doors.
: The tardy appreciation of Portland's
advantages shown by shortsighted of
ficialdom can-in nearly every instance
be capitalized to Portland's advantage.
And if Portland doesn't-do the capi
talizing, nature or 'Providence sooner
or later will- .
.'. Declaring that - Ke ' has "letters
ffdm 'steel' concerns advising that if
the - city-, will readvertise for ,, bids
with iheir validity thus questioned.
there are no runas on nana to make
rarm loan act ana ina ii is wiui
- Ulcky company,. Minneapolis, ana is
ouueun iiv. dou j
This is only one of sv series of bul
kindly till out the inclosed application
tHbUK. ukb, n "A.V ' " tT
uialrm&n juemtwrsnin iomraui-w. -
In -.Wednesday's Journal said: "As a
-. . . . . . i -
loan business to speak of can afford
decline and the agricultural population
useful institution ever created for the
and agriculturists In the United States.
of thing who are directly! responsible
and men of their kind are chiefly at
- partlsan league. If they succeed In
the farm loan system, then watch the
next February a saving of at least
$25. per ton" can be made on seel
pipe, L. B. Youngs, : city superinten
dent of water, recommends that a
proposed construction in Seattle of
a new $3,600,000 pipe line be post
poned untlj next year. Though the
additional line is already needed., the
water superintendent urges that ef
fort be made to get along: without it
and that the delay will be fully com
pensated fop in a lower cost at which
the improvement can be made next
year. . . . i
THE COMMUNITY CHEST I
T O steps have been taken. I The
Confidential Exchange furnishes a
clearing house of information about
persons aided by charitable agencies.
Thus imposition and duplication are
lessened. : Thus funds contributed to
charity are more efficiently spenL
'The Community, Chest: fori which
the Portland plan has just been "per
fected, furnishes a clearing house for
the funds that support philanthropy
and charity. It condenses all the
drives of the year into one. It puts
the whole community to work for a
week to provide support f or benevo-
lence during the year. ' It .transfers
from the . executives of the various
agencies to the organization of con
tributors the ': duty of" supporting
worthy benevolences.
The Community Chegt does not In
terfere with those who like to desig
nate directly the object of their giv
ing. Usually such .givers are those
who wish to add a contribution of
personal time, effort and encourage'
ment , to their gift of cash, and the
motive is laudable.'
V The Community Chest does not in
terfere with philanthropies the work
of which is supported wholly or in
part by due-paying members.; In both
instances, the ifts given directly or
through the payment of dues tend
merely to lessen the necessity of sup
port from the Community rChest., The
main object is none . the 4ess ', accom
plished, namely, , to'i substitute one
drive for many.. '.'- f ; i i, : -:
The operation .-. of the Community
Chest will 1 inevitably - result in
measuring of the field of charity and
philanthropy If Portland, will subject
the agencies of relief .to the test of
efficiency and sincerity 'and will cre
ate a new confidence in. the minds of
givers, that, their gifts will be prop
erly spent; "
: Two steps have been taken toward
placing benevolence on a business
basis In Portland. Both; are . in ' the
right direction.'' A third equally de
sirable step is to coordinate funds for
the relief of need' as officially con
tributed by .the state and the several
counties. Some time ago the gover
nor appointed a commission to recom
mend a .program which would govern
official relief giving. It is ' to - be
earnestly hQped, in viev of the value
of the . results to be obtained, that
the commission -is really at work.
"INDULGING WITH
OWLISH WISDOM"
Senator McNary's Phrase Highly
, . Available as a Rebuke to Can
, didate - Harding.
. Croat the Pendleton East Oresonian
. In view of Senator Harding's antago
nism to the League of Nations and his
characterisation of ' the covenant as a
supreme w blunder that would barter
American independence, etc.. it is inter
esting to note what -eminent American
lawyers have said upon the subject. Mr.
Harding, is a country -publisher, not an
attorney.
There, is good legal authority for the
view that the ; league covenant would
protect our freedom and not impair it.
The American Bar association, the high
est legal organization In the country,
had a special committee make a report
on the treaty. The report, as previously
published by the East Oregonian. urged
ratification of the treaty without reser
vations. - T
Charles Evans Hughes is a lawyer and
a former member of our supreme court.
He has been quoted as almost In accord
with President Wilson on the league
subject. . .
Former President Taft is a lawyer and
a former Judge? He has been noted for
his - support of : the league - and he ' Is
president - of an organization that ' has
worked ceaselessly tar the league. ;.
Senator McNary is a- lawyer, a for
mer; member ' of the :Oregon. supreme
court and former dean of a law school.
In a speech in the United States senate
on July 22, 1919,; our senator said.
Mr. Presidents I am stoutly in favor
of the principle embodied in any effort
to Insure the "permanent peace of the
world, and I ami willing to accept the
covenant of the League of Nations con
tained in the peace treaty. . The time is
back of us for a discussion of this sub
ject", in general statements of the sub
limity of peace," or Indulging with owl
ish wisdom the ominous predictions of a
disgraced and destroyed republic.",
No Democrat could pour a hotter shot
than that at the Harding position. As toj
Article X, Senator McNary said : .
"Of the objections of this character
I take It that Article X Is the most ob
noxious' and productive of the most con
troversy. The statement most generally
made is that this article collides with
our constitution and runs across' the path
of our sacred traditions. . This state
ment may well be challenged Repeat
edly the argument has ; been advanced
that Article X casts upon this govern
ment an absolute obligation to go. to war
under any conditions, however ,ereft of
justice. This indictment, in my bpinlon.
is untenable. . ,
"This formal force in the "obligation
imposed upon the nations of the w?orld,f
in my opinion, will do much'to chill the,
ambitious designs of nations' that hereto
fore have been the cause of -cruel wars,
and for that reason I shall oppose by
my vote ,any eradication of Article X
from the covenant. It Is the pillar, sec
tion of the association of nations con
templated under the league, and is the
assurance of mutual support against
any external aggression. It speaks the
voice of freedom among the nations ar&
guarantees to each its full share of sov
ereignty." .
Letters From tfie People
(Communications sent to The Jmimal for
publication in this department chould be written
on oniy one fide of the paper, should not exceed
300 words in length and mutt be sianed by the
writer, who mail address ia full stunt accom
pany the contribution.
THE QUESTION OF ENFORCEMENT
Newport, July 27.- To the Editor of
The Journal In an editorial discussion
of national issues some time ago you
said : 'There are live Issues for conven
tions to face? - Fresh problems press for
settlement. .In the presence "of all these
pressing issues it is no time for ere at
national conventions to take up dead
issues.". This, referring to national - pro
hibition and the amendment. True, the
eighteenth amendment has . been over
whelmingly ratified by the people and
pronounced Irrevocable by the supreme
court. The Volstead act was passed by
congress, vetoed by - the president but
successfully -repassed by congress and
declared - valid by - the supreme court
There are, as you say, dead issues.
But these laws, notwithstanding all
their righteousness, If unenforced, be
come dead letters. Both old party plat
forms are silent on the enforcement ques
tion, at the .behest of the liquor inter
ests, and these interests ' have declared
their intention to carry ; the fight into-
every congressional district to elect a
congress .that will not only not enforce
but will nullify and destroy the Volstead
act.' Hence the issue is shifted from
prohibition and the constitutional amend
ment to the enforcement 'of law. Shall
we be loyal, or shall we be disloyal? The
old parties' silence on this question, in
face of the overwhelming voice of the
people lit the establishment-of the law.
amounts to disloyalty On their part to
constitutional government. If the wets 4
can succeed - in the election of a wet
congress they must do It by the aid of
wet parties. As to the secret given out
by The Journal on the preaicameni 01
Candidate Harding, I believe It is en
tirely correct. His league plank, made-in-Germany
or not. fits completely, and
the "booxe yell" will not obscure it :
E. W, Durkee.
- IN THE GREAT PEACE COURT
Portland, July 24. To the Editor of
The Journal I was talking politics with
a Republican a little While ago when. . to
show me what a. mistake it was to have
a Democratic president, he made this
statement: "If Wilson had been a Re
publican and gone over there, and had
negotiated the league covenant and the
peace treaty, just as Wilson did,, the
nit would have ratified it." Well, I
agreed with him. but the mistake was
that we bad a nepuoncan stmn. ;aui
he told more truth than he Intended
to tell. Wilson was about to accom
plish the greatest thing for humanity
thot hurl ever been done since the world
U,,.n Rut Wilson was a Democrat..
and that would never do. It 'is all but
unbelievable that a man elected to the
United States senate and sworn to serve
the people to the best of his ability
wopld allow his bias tc-cause him to, -do
what he knew to be wrong, but there is
no doubt that was done in this case.
- Thev tell ua that If we become a mem
ber of the league we shall be drawn into
all the European "brawls." Well,; my
recollection Is that not so very long ago.
when the Germans were sinking- our
ships and murdering our people on the
high seas, we were drawn into the great
est "brawl" that ever was on earth,, and
that before the League of .Nations had
been heard of. " '-'-- '
Although a man may dislike Wilson,
that Is no reason why he should vote
against world peace, against humanity,
against his own interest. They wilt not
do It, and Cox and Roosevelt will be
elected on the League of Nations , issue
by such a rousing majority that, al
though we may not have a majority In
the senate, they will see the handwriting
en the wall, and ratify.' . . -
If a man is doubtful about the League
of Nations.. let him turn to our , own
glorious union of states for an object
lesson. Suppose Oregon and Washing
ton should .get into .a dispute about the
boundary line.' Would they go to fight
ing?. No j they would go into the United
States courts and settle It there without
even creating hard feeling between, the
states. The Leuue of Nations. -when in
operation, will work the same way ; if .
two members of - the. league, should nave
trouble; they would take it into the
league' courts and it would be settled
there without burning a grain of powder
l or shedding a drop of blood.
J. ' K. if. Jriarns.
TRAPPERS AND FURS
Vancouver, Wash. July ; 21. To the
Editor of The Journal I noted In The
Sunday Journal of July 4 a plea made
by Mrs. Flske for fur bearing animals,
in which she ' denounced trapping as a
low, despicable business. In answer to
Mrs. Fiske I wish to explain a few Items
in regard, to the animals. One large
mink slaughtered 14 grown chickens of
mine in one night. One wildcat killed
15 of my lambs In one season. 1 caught
these animals, and am '.proud of it. I
have known . of raccoons and skunks
slaughtering whole broods of young
ducks and ; chickens and I have " been
urged by the owners to go to certain
farms to exterminate these pests. If
there were no trappers, farmers along
the Columbia river and its tributaries
would not be able to raise fowls of any
kind. I have known of otters going Into
chicken roosts and killing the hens.
Otters are also destructive of fish.
. Some women slur at the trappers and
yet most of them -enjoy wearing the fura
around their necks, and if they could
not get them there would be one great
howl. . Let the. ladles first set the ex
ample by pledging . themselves not to
wear furs, i If it is a sin to- kill these
animals, it is certainly a disgrace to
wear their furs. Mrs. Fiske roust under
stand that trannera nav a license to
collect thesfe '.furs and the Income from
some localities is almost as great as that
of wheat. .' - ...... 1 -
Which is the more inhumane raising
the animals on farms and. slaughtering
them for their furs, or catching them in
their wild state? If we raise them we
must first catch them in traps to stock
the farms. -Beavers and muskrats. how
ever, should be protected, as they are
harmless, r : i ; . " . A. S. Knight.
i : CONCERNING AGITATORS .:
Soldiers' Home, Orting, Wash., July 24.
To the Editor of The Journal Now
that the conventions- have chosen the
standard bearers for the two leading par
ties, quite a number of good people seem
to be having nightmare over the Social
ist and Non-partisan agitators, as they
are pleased to call them. I wonder how
many .American people ever really think
what would the ; world ' amount to
without agitators. . If it were not
for agitators this " world would be
like a . stagnant jqnd. . The ,' trouble
with many Is . that they class agt
tators, anarchists. Socialists and red- radi
cals as one and the same animal,; which
Is not true. Agitators are people who
believe In improving, not - in destroying
, government, and so this government and
our people owe much to suimson ana
Phillips and John Brown and Susan B.
Anthony-, and Julia Ward 'Howe and
Carrie Nation and thousands-more who
werei persecuted and hated at the time
but are honored today by the hosts of
people who 'enjoy the fruits of their
labor. So let us not -curse the agitators.
They"; were instruments in getting the
reforms in our ; government that we en
joy. The great trouble in all govern
ments composed of people is that those
who are very comfortably situated can
not see why the fool people cannot be
contented with things as they are. They
can't see conditions have changed, that
the day is gone when people who got
dissatisfied could change their, environ
ment easily and cheaply. They had all
outdoors to?olo. It.ls not so now. The
weak can no longer compete with the
strong. That is what governments are
for to see that the rights of all are
looked after. .
As I see things, this country is In no
danger from farmers, but from the rot
ten conditions of society and dearth of
home influences. Where there is no God
in the home there will be none in the
state and nation. Where there Is no
respect for Jaw in the home there will be
none for law outside, and that is what
ails us today, and is why all hell has
been turned loose for the last six years.
S. Van Scoyoc. .
LINE FENCE , . ,
Portland. July SO. To the Editor of
The Journal Is it not only customary
but legal as well where one desires to
fence his land, where adjoining land is
vacant, to place his fence on the .line,
half on his and half On the adjoining
land, thus making a line fence between
his property and whoever might later
on occupy the adjoining vacant prop
erty? I am informed by good authority
that it Is. P L. S. Wright.
f The builder of a line fence Under conditions
described is witMn lih Irani rlebt. and. tinder
the law. an owner later enclosing adjoining prop
erty can be. compelled to pay one half of cost
of fence so-, erected.
SYNONYMS DEFINED
Portland. July 25. To the Editor of
The Journal Please give the meaning of
the terms "auxiliary," "subsidiary" and
"ancillary."?- Subscriber.
1 "Auxiliary", and "snb-Miary" aeree in the.
raea or inrnuninsr aw. but "subsidiary implies
inferiority tn rank or position, an implication
that auxiliary" may or may not carry. "Ancil-J
wit i aenrea irora - anciua. the latln deit
nation of a female aerrint. .. U fa almost exactly
synonymous with "auxiliary." bat the word it
not in popular n. It is seen mainly in re-
mru m certain procecqmgs at lew.
Curious Bits of ' Information
for - the Curious
Gleaned From Curious Places
The word 'teetotal,' expressive of
complete, prohibition or abstention from
the use of alcoholic beverages, accord
ing to the Detroit News, was accidental
ly, coined- by an early prohibitionist In
England by the name of Turner.' He
was so ardent an enemy of drink that
he - went ' i about making ' prohibition
speeches, despite the fact that he had
the habit of stuttering. On one occasion
he wound up a total abstinence address
with the declaraion.: "Nothing but tee-tee-lee-total
abstinence will do 1" . Thus
In time iviotal found its way into
everyday vocabulary and was recognised
as a legitimate word by dictionary
makers. -
Olden Oregon
Legislature of 1854 Decreed Against
-. , . . , .. Ballot Secrecy.
The legislature of, 1854 enacted a meas
ure Which provided for viva voce voting.
This law-compelled every voter to an
nounce, by voice or by a ticket handed
to the s election . judge, his . choice. , In
either -case -the vote was made public.
Every. Whig In. the house voted against
the measure, which was supported by
two thirds of the Democrats, who' were in
large majority. In the Council the ma
jority for the measure was only two.
V.V ' THE HONORABLE WAY
" ' Prom the Albany' Democrat.
Cities and towns of the Willamette
valley all make warm bids for . tourist
traffic.' They spend money preparing for
the 'visitor, and receive him with vary
ing degrees of hospitality, . according to
the spirit of the different communities.
All : sections " are entitled" to -put ; forth
every effort to attract visitors their way.
to hold -visitors for as long as possible
in their vicinity, and to Impress their
hospitality upon them.
But. in honor, none for its own bene
fit is. entitled . to knock aeext city's
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE
Mop your brow. '
V -
To rain or not to rain. -
. '
, A few more good days left for picnics
. Ireland Is quiet, says a news dispatch,
which, from Ireland, is rather disquiet
ing news. - .
... ". " ' V.-".
Divorces and things seem to run In
the Pickford family. M.ary's little sis
ter is up to it now.
Masks is promise-! as a feature of the
Cox -campaign for president. To sOth,e
the savage Dreast of the opposition, no
doubt.
- : ' W .. - .... v '
"Harding and His Visitors Sit Down
to Old Fashioned Early Breakfast," -Headline.
Wouldn't- expect them to
stand up for it, would you?
; :
Over In Spokane it's so' hot that the
good people there 1 can't sleep. People
are leaving Los Antreles because thev
don't want to have the liver shaken out
oi them. - on to Portland 1
MORE OR LESS PERSONAL
Random Observations About Town
Dr. J. H. Rosenberg, of Prinevllle.
recently elected head of the Elks state
organization, - was receiving- congratula
tions at the Benson Thursday.
. -j ..
A. W. Norblad '"of Astoria came to
Portland Thursday to attend a meeting
of the directors of the Shaw lumber
company. v;;-;:;; . ;-. y : ;
t - - 1 - -;. ..;-..'.'.
. Registered at the Imperial Thursday
were W. B. Curtiss, Marshfield; R. L.
Stephens,1 Roseburg, and C. H. Mo
ICetidree; Lakevlew. ;"J - - j
Three gentlemen ' of Switxerland are
touring the Northwest, They have
registered at the . Portland as . -. Dr.
Schoepfer. Dr. Kottmann and Dr. Schuel
tbest. ' - --, - .
John Hampshire of Grants Pass, a i
highway; contractor, was in Portland
Thursday detailing the woes of a con
tractor, i
M. C. Wood , and Ben Alexander of
Sllvertpn were among the guests of the
Portland Thursday.
A number of members of the Ameri
can 'Legion ' who r passed through Port
land on their way to Astoria Thursday,
as a means of identification wore white
badges ! on - which was ; printed I Am
From the Wheat City.". It developed
that -the wheat city is Condon. -,' :
That "Bill" Hanley of Burns has be
come a cosmopolite is indicated by the
entry on the Multnomah register Thurs
day : "William Hanley, Oregon."
! - .
J. A. Laarson, one of the old-time
residents and business men of Trout
dale, says that -25 years ago he knew
four Industrious Japs who worked on
the section for $1.05 a day. He has kept
track of them since and has done busi
ness with - them on many ; occasions.
They have developed four of the .best
truck- farms in Multnomah county and
nave comfortable homes, costly auto
mobiles and trucks and good live stock
Laarson has dealt with members of that
nationality m many hundreds of trans
actions, including sales of live stock,
IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
fAn earnest plea for a restoration of the
Sermon on the Mount - as ; a moral authority,
after years of eomparatire desuetude, . is made
by . Mr. . Locklej, who quotes scripture - aud the
words of a sturdy expositor of scripture -to sus
tain his plea. 1 .
I noticed recently a headline In a
newspaper that read, ., "Cupid Routed ;
Twelve Divorces, Granted Today ; Eight
Wedding Licenses Issued." It set me
to thinking. Yesterday I drove over the
Columbia River highway, and was again
thrilled by its matchless beauty. In the
seat with me was a young man. His
wife sat on the seat back of us. They
were from the east tourists seeing the
beauty spots of the west. They spoke
In monosyllables. The best I could get
out of him was "Huh!" They had 'evi
dently had a. row before starting on the
trip, and its shadow hovered over the
beauty of the day and the grandeur of
the scene. Their recollection of the Co
lumbia River highway will be i marred.
Looking inward, they saw anger, hatred
and bitterness, and eo all the beauty of
nature was unseen and unheeded.- Tol
erance, mutual forbearance and forgive
ness would make the divorce court need
less in most cases. : -,
. : - . - , - -; '- i;;'-- .v.-' - ... - '
The other day my good friend Sydney
Strong. , pastor of the Queen Anne Con
gregational church of Seattle, sent me a
synopsis of a talk he had- made on a
recent Sunday. ; It will , not be amiss
to quote his text,' which, by the way. Is
worth practicing seven days In the week.
Here it is:
' "Ye have heard that it was said, "Love
thy neighbor and hate - thine . enemy.
But I say unto you. Love your enemies.
and pray for them that persecute you :
that ye may be sons of your father in
heaven. For he maketh his sun to rise
on both wicked and good, and the rain
to fall on just and unjust. For If ye
love them that love you, what credit
have ye? Do not the very tax gatherers
the same? And If ye say, God be with
you, to your brethren only, what credit
have ye? Do not the very gentiles the
same? Ye therefore shall be complete
in goodness as your father in heaven Is
complete." . (Matt- v :43-48.)
Would It not be of untold value to the
world If the nations should now set
apart a day of reconciliation? ''-Such a
day would help save the race . going
through . the wilderness of 40 years of
fear, hunger, strife and Indescribable
misery, Suppose that after the Civil war
North and South had joined in a day of
reconciliation. What tremendous waste
and suffering would have been avoided.
Why not a day of world wide reconcilia
tion among the nations?
I shall quote but one or two para
graphs of his talk, but If we could bt:t
practice ' love and forgiveness, . how
many homes that are now a miniature
edlUon of hell on earth 'would be made
happy and seem to be a foretaste of-rhe
happiness we all hope-for In the world
to come. I now quote:
f am repeatedly impressed with - the
importance and power of forgiveness In
Its effect on human life.- Jesus fre
quenUy refers to it. He seems to insist
on -forgiveness as the first step in the
approach to God and ' goodness. To his
mind, forgiveness Is unlimited.
"He , declares that one is not able to
pray until he first forgives ; that the
first thing the soul 'should do before it
is ready to enter into right relationships
with God or man,, is to forgive.
. "Forgiveness is like taking out. all the
roots and weeds, before the seed Is
tourist facilities. - if one , should attempt
to build its. own reputation by tearing
down that of Its neighbor. No valley
town should speak disparagingly to trav-
r - of Albany, of Albany's park. , of
Linn county - roads, or speak falsely of
the welcome we extena.
Albany does, not stoop to these things.
The. visitor is greeted with a warm hand
clasp; he is asked to stay as long as
possible, to enjoy himself. InvesUgate,
invest if he wishes, and, above all, to
NEWS IN BRIEF
SIDELIGHTS
It is getting, so now that one can
build a $5000 house almost any day for
twice that- amount. Salem Statesman.
We can't thtnk of anything more ex
citing than a yacht race unless it is a
spelling bee. Corvallis Gaaette-Tirnes.
Half the town of Hornbrook was de
stroyed by fire night before last. But
who cares what happens to Hornbrook
now? Eugene Register
One thing the census proved. Med
ford haa more soeed oer capita than any
other - community on this side of the
planet. Medford Mail Tribune.
.... . ; .
Sugar is ' still high and some sugar
companies are declaring a hundred per
cent dividend. The public is not making
so much of a howl as expected Wood
burn Independent. . 1
Some ; people run out of ' luck every
time they get into an argument..' If they
threw a rock into the river It would
bounce back and hit them on the cocoa-
nut. Crane American.
provisions, wood and produce, and de
clares, he has never lost but seven dollars
all told although most of his deals-were
merely personal ' word or promise.
That loss he attributes to the sudden
death of his debtor. But Laarson is
not of the opinion that the two races
can continue to occupy the Pacific
Coast without friction . If the numbers
of the Industrious little brown men con
tinue to increase in -the future as in the
past. : -,'-: ";.;- .-
The reason Judge Robert G. Morrow
has not been seen lately in his ac
customed social and fraternal haunts is
because his wife broke her arm five
weeks ago and then recently had to
have it broken over, again at the hos
pital. .This has necessitated the judge
keeping close to the domestic tasks of
the household as nurse, cook, parlor
maid and - general housekeeper.
L. M. Lepper. dynamo center for the
East Side Business Men's club, has re
turned from an auto trip to Mr. Ttalnler,
Olympian National park and Victoria
B. C. Lepper is still firmly of the
opinion that Portland Is - the bestXclty
on the coast, and the Eaa Side of It the
best side, and he can give figures and
facts to the limit In support of his
position. , . - - '
Touring points of interest in the West,
a Raymond-Whitcomb party of 2V
Easterners - will arrive in Portland
Saturday afternoon to remain untU Sun
day afternoon, according to arrange
ments made by the general passenger
department of the O.-W. R. & N. The
party is en route from Alaska to Yellow
stone National park.
George Breckenridge of San Agtonio,
Texas, traveling tn . the - private car
Ferndale, was scheduled to arrive from
the - East Friday afternoon. Leaving
time of the car has not been arranged.
: A Reau-Campbell tour . party of 29
people will arrive at The-Dalles August
4, travel to Hood River by boat, and
then to Portland by automobile, leaving
this city the following day.
Lockley
planted. Forgiveness is removing f rom j
the heart every grudge, every desire for
revenge, every,, evil intention: against I
others. It is washing' the soul clean of
hostile, hateful thoughts. It is a process
that is essential to growth and power.
"There -is no one spiritual exercise
that would bless a community so much.
If every morning for a month every cit
izen should stand up. with honest soul
and forgive wipe out; all grudges and
prejudices against the children of men.
It would be far more efficacious for
peace and prosperity than many of the
plans for which we appropriate millions
of dollars. When men start to love their
enemies, of course the first necessity is,
to forgive.
"Love your enemies Includes ail man
kind foreigners as well as countrymen.
It includes all who have injured us. It
means, not merely maintaining silence
under provocation, but, when injury is
done, 'it means setting In motion great
activities, a positive lpve force, through
prayer and good will and kind acts, so
that the breach may be filled up and 'a
cure effected.
"When one begins to love bis-enemles,
to love foreigners, to love all the chil
dren of men,"ho begins to treat them all
alike, as is the case tn a w'elL constructed
family. There. is no favoritism, no pre
judice. There enters in what is called in
democracy the principle of equality.
"To treat men alike is fundamental to
a true morality, Jesus saw. that - unless
a man had a love that comprehended
all alike friends, neighbors, aliens he
would, sooner or later, break down as to
character ; that If he was to be a son of
God, entering thus into the goodness of
God, his graces, like the sunshine and
the rain, must descend upon alt alike.
"You hear It said: 'We may be ready
to grant a pardon to one who has-Injured
us, if he. repents and asks for pardon.
But to forgive others when there is no
sign of penitence in them that's impos
sible "It is not only possible, but It Is nec
essary, unless we choose, to live as
pagans. This is one of those things
that are possible with God. There .is
no other way of coming into a true and
wholesome relationship with our neigh
bors, with mankind, except the way
pointed out by Jesus. . , - . "
"It Is a case of spiritual determinism,
that if we forgive not men their tres
passes we automatically, shut the door
with our own hands ; "so that the healing
stream of eternal' life can not reach
mankind, through us can not touch and
heal us. :!'-''.
Nbt only possible this thing of lov
ing enemies but it ;s necessary. With
out this- principle at work, mankind is
broken up into unrelated and hostile
parts, fighting against each other for
mutual destruction. - - , . -
; "The , welfare of mankind depends
upon all being joined and knit, together
in love and confidence. The great essen
tial step is for men here, everywhere
to begin U build upon the eternal sim
plicities : Be not angry, be pure, speak
the truth, resist not evil, and then for
give and love those who have Injured
us." ; t ,'-; . - ; - - : , . , ; :' ;
"V . -
Sydney Strong ts right. ,Loye and for
giveness are the paths that lead to
peace, power, serenity, and happiness.
It- may be against fhe law to furnish
moonshine to your acquaintances,' bat
there is no law agrainst bringing a little
sunshine Into tlW lives of those who are
fellow travelers over life's rough way.
Let's do it, and-start right now.
come back,agaln and some day make his
home;, with us. If he must go, Albany
wishes him godspeed, good luck and no
punctures. Albany does not. whisper In
his ear -to avoid certain towns. If he
inquires ' Albany -telle him what Is true
all towns' in Oregon are good towns,
and it will psy'him to visit all of them
he can include in his Itinerary. '
That is the way of honest competi
tion. There - must be honor among
cities.
The Oregon Country
Northwest Happening in Brief Fom for tn
Busy Header.
oriEOON NOTES . ,
Balm wood, which 'grows in lurge
quantities along Linn county streams.
lt uclug manufactured Into toys.
The work of naviner the Pacific hiirh- ' .
way between Albany and Jefferson will
be completed in a lew days.
The Port of Astoria commlmdon has
wold an Issue of $3(W,0(K) 8 per cent port
bonds at the rate of VJ31 per thousand.
A committee Interested In the Tumalo -project
has held a conference with tilate .
Engineer Cupper regarding furt-i-r de
velopnient.
, M. Bruck w at. arrested by the Salem
police as he was attempting to caln an
entrance to the home 01 Mrs. May
Hanson. .
From the number of Inquiries received
by the, faculty of Albany college. It is
indicated that last year's enrollment wlll
be greatly exceeded.
Hood Klver orchardists whone places
adjoin the forest reserve are again nuk
ing the county authorities for piotecti-Jii
against, stray flocks of sheep.
A carload of reinforcing steel has been
received for the Masonic and Eautern
Scar home near Forest Grove. Con
struction will now be pushed rapidly.
Hood River authorities are-cooperating
with the national forest service tn an -
effort to apprehend the parties who
have been killing fish in Badger lake
by exploding, dynamite.
The school directors of Bend have
ordered the sale and removal of the
two-story frame structure known as the
Central school. The building had been
condemned as a firetrap. .
Pilots have entered a protest against
the removal of Number . gas and
whistling buoy In the lower Columbia.
which was taken up by the lighthouse
department ajid a red Nun buoy sta-"
tioned in Its Til ace. . ... , ,
One of the oldest orchards in the Hood
River valley haa been purchased by John
Rath of Chlcaco. The orchard is known
as the J. L. Carter east Hide place and
contains 16 acres, which were planted
over Zit years ago by M. V. Rand.
According- to word received bv Hood
River automobile dealers a tralnloaii of -gasoline
for private distribution through
out tiregon lias been lout en route from .
California. Tlie casoltne was ordered
by the Portland Automobile Dealers'
association. . , , -
" , WASHINGTON
An aviator has riven th nennl of
Pasco a thrill with a Series of stunts
over the city.
IL C. Bohlke of Grand View has filed
1 a candidate for the Democratic
nomination for . lieutenant governor, .
Four Inmates of the state indimtrlat
BcbffcH'- for girlH at Grand Mound have
escaped by diverting the attention of
a guard. -. .:.-.-...
The final two weeks of the Centra 11a
summer normal school Is belnir filled
with assemblies, social gatherings -,aud
student work. -
A complete program for the plonker
picnic to lie held AugUHt 12 at Iloch
enter has been arranged , by . the . local
chamber of commerce. ...
The road between Vancouver and Bat
tle Ground Is almost all paved. -A a
result a big auto bus carrying 19 per
sona has hven python the run.
The Pierce county farmers'- Non
partisan lc-aguo has decided to act as
a dlutinct third party Instead of going
into the Republican primaries.
IDAHO 4
: Senator Nugent will formally open his
campaign for reelection at Boise about
August 15. ..
An examination of applicants for the
poMtmastership of Meridian will ba held
at Boise August 18. .
Idaho's commercial apple crop for
1920 is extimated at about 4000 cars, or
20 per cent less than last year.
A formal statement of candld.icv fnr
the United States senate has been made
by Miles Caution, state commissioner of
agriculture.
Three streams, Mann, Monroe and
Jenkins creeks in Washington county,
have beerwordered closed to fishing as
a conservation measure.
State, Fish Commissioner ittaar; has
planted 500,000 grayling in the vicinity
B,K Springs and 100,000 In tributaries
of the Lemhi near Salmon.
UncJe Jeff Snow Says :
Talkln' of proflteerln', some of our
berry growers would; of -thought a few
year back that 7 cents fer raspberries
was highway robbery. They would - of
ooner got 'em a gun and gone to col
lectln' what the-world owed 'em, on hec
highway. And her . they air. a-payln'
3 cents fer . plckin', -which was more n
what they got along about 1912, and
pocketln' 22, cents as' calm ez a three-card-monte
man In Nevady one time
put away $80 I had worked hard fer.
I know a feller up above Lents that
uster rage and ralr about' the way big
business crucified -labor on a cross of
gold, who sold 600 pounds of Royal
Anne's at 10 cents, and meanwhile cusxed
the profiteers that has run up the price
of wire and nails.
A Hundred Thousand Heads
Can Thank Portland for'
Gear to Cover 7Em
The old adage has It that no man
is fully dressed until he puts his hst
oil. There are 100,000 men and boys
in the area comprehended by Hawaii.
Alaska, Washington, Oregon, North
California, Idaho and Montana who
each year may thank Portland for
keeping their heads covered. Port-';
land takes first rank as a center of'
hat and cap manufacture on the
Pacific coast. . '
There are three hat and cap man-'
ufactorien in the city that do an an
nual business approximating $140,000.
The, oldest of the three commenced
about six years ago with assets con
sisting principally of an expert and
honorable hat and cap making ex
perience In England. The whole ln
duitry has grown to Its- present pro
portions since, then. Xh pioneering
wolk has been done in that period.
The markets of the interior, our In
sular possessions and Alaska and the
coast have been developed lnce then.
Portland-made hats-and !cap are
exclusively of cloth, and , therein is
discovered the importance of the In
dustry to wool growing .and ; the
woojen mills of Oregon. Foe. the. hat
and cap factories -through the. medi
um of th5 mllln, take wool from backs
of Oregon sheep and rnake head cov
erings that gain larger puhUe approval-
as their area of use widens.
Portland's hat ; and cap roakers
take pride In the fact that a arge,
prdportlon of the money they receive
for their product goes to pay a sub-'
stantlal colony of expert workers
who.- In consideration of ''their effi
ciency, are paid more than 'the sched
ule and work fewer hours. '
In some lines of home Industry the
frequent complaint, adapted. Is that
a manufacturer is not without honor
save tn his own country. But the hat
.manufacturers tif Portland say they
have no such difficulty and that "Ore
gon Quality" hats and caps can be
lound in at least-seven-tenths of the
t-tores. - ., ; .
At ; first, , Indeed, buyers were' in
clined to give products of Eastern
manufacturers their most favorable
consideration, but' when they found
the local hats and caps up to stand
ard -in quality and that orders could
be filled promptly, thus placln,ff the
obligation of carrying the large Mocks
on the manufacturers, a positively
favorable sentiment for this branch
of home Industry rapidly developed.