? jU WBlWEWOTirP H-WSrAFEB c &.MCUOS.M.;......; thf - fBa eabs. be cmtMcut, ehaarfel eed do But orr M jo would hae Una do ant" ro .fsbllahed -err week day "andty morninir st Tba Jaamai Hulldina. Broadway d Xam- hlll street, Portland. Orace . ,Entrd it the Pwtofflos it Portland, Oreioo. s for transmioB througU tha mall ai aaosna slaee a tter. TELEPHONES Main T17S, Aotomauc 860-81. WLUJgMftmen- reacncg py m - FOREION ADVERTISING BKTHERENTATIVE , Bejoilii Kentaor Co., Bnineenck BnUdinc. S25 mtb wnu, Nw Tort: 900 Ullr ; building. Chicago. . SUBSCRIPTION BATES i By etrrier, city sod country I DAILY AND BPJfDAT nk S .18 I On month 8 .09 T DAILY BUN DAT On WMk I .10 Ons week f .05 . On month. .... 8 .45 I '' BX M-IU ALT BATES PATABMB IN ADVANCE DAILY AND BCNDAI Onavaar 8.00 I Tbraa months. .. 82.25 Six moot-a .70 DAILT (Without Sunday) Ona rMi to.oo Six months. . . . . 8.28 1" area months. . X.T8 Ob month .60 WEKlt-T (Seery Wednesday) Ona nr. II 00 It Humthl. . . . .60 8UNTAY (Only) Ona year S3. no Sir month 1.78 iThrw ramtlii 1.00 WEKEl.T AND SUNDAY On year. 63.60 These ratee apply only In th Wwit. Rate to Eastern ptnnte furnished on ipoiic Jen Make remittance by Money Order. Eipiru Order, or Draft : If your poetof He la not a Money Order Office. 1 or 3-cent stamps will i be tempted. Maka all remittance parable U Tha Journal, Portland, Owen. Either we should en tar tha leafuafeer leaily. accepting tha responsibility and not fearlna the rola of leaderahip which wo now enjoy, contributing our efforta toward establishing a Just and permanent peace, or wo ihould retire a gracefully u povible from tha treat concert of power by which t a world waa eared. Wood row Wilson. AVBAD BILL f pT WILL be a mistake for the coun try, and particularly for the West ern states, if the Townsend road bill, so-called, be passed by con gress. A sufficient reason Is that there Is no call for it. Another reason 13 that passage of the measure would bring to a stop a general system of road building under a plan by which spen- did progress Is being made. The Townsend bill proposes a com plete change of program In federal aid. It would create a national high way commission of five members to have complete charge of all federal construction ,of highways. It would require a period of preliminaries with stagnation of perhaps three years in which no federal roads would be built, due to the delays encountered in or ganizing the new plan and putting It into active operation. For example, it proposes that a na tional highway commission shall build an east and west and a north and south road across each state. Where such roads are already built, the na tional commission would take them over and pay the cost of such roads to the state. The negotiations be tween states and national commission would require a long time and would, obviously, be the first step In the new program. In New York, where such roads have already been built, the exhaustion of a eavy fraction of the federal appropriation would result without an iota of progress being made In federal road building. There would also be the opportunity for a waste of publio funds. Meanwhile, under the Shackleford act, a strong organization has been effected In every state that is building roads, and that organization is func tioning with splendid results. To change the plan, and begin all over again at the very time when the pres ent plan Is In full career would be destructive. Under the Shackleford plan the fed eral government is cooperating with the 6tates on a 00-50 basis. There is double supervision that by federal engineers and that by state highway commissions. The federal engineers ." cooperate with each other in plan ning interstate systems and cooper ate with state engineers for Intra state systems. It is a better idea and a better plan for building highways suited to the greatest good for the greatest number. 0n such a basis, It has the advan tage over the proposed plan in which all federal aid would be planned by a board of five men at Washington , with academic Ideas and little regard for practical' requirements within the several states. nThe very proposals on which the change of plan is demanded are founded on error. They offer this , checker board of federal highways as . IJa'plan for the movement of products iftnd alvle them market rnarle it i. ebsurd to propose to move a truck mow or iuner or potatoes, for , aeaampie, lruui ruriiauu w iew xorK ?ra truck load of pig iron from - . . 1 ' - A 1 1 A- . . " iPKtsburg to NeW'Orleans. -3 The- motor truck Is to be a big f actor. In transportation, but it will ' not function as a transcontinental .carrier over federal highways." The .distance, ls too great. Tran&conti- .,. ental carrying will be by water and by ralL . Thus, the proposal for the change - is based either on erroror . .on Ifalse pretense. ; When the ;work Is going forward . Io effectively ' and; swiftly,' why v change? : Why match academic theory against actual and proven practica bility f Why jump Into something that is unknown and unpromising and tbandon the demonstrated? Senator Chamberlain has a bill In congress continuing for four years the Shackleford plan with slight modi fications. It would keep the splendid organization In each state In con tinuous operation with complete co operation between the federal govern ment and the states. It would avert the three or four years of stagnation in federal road building that would Inevitably result from adoption of the Townsend bill. It would keep going road construction that, under the close supervision of both federal and state engineers, is without favor itism to the cement trust. Is beyond the reach of the road machinery trust and that Is building roads on the highly approved principle of getting a dollar's worth of road for every dollar of public funds expended. . Uncle . Sam's aerial mail service is proving worthy of Its salt. The postmaster generalcports that the revenues on established air routes are larger than the expenses. Mail carrying planes in 507 days covered 473,210 miles at a cost of 80 cents a mile. The mail handled has been at the rate of 22,000,000 letters a year and on each the time in tran- Bit has been shortened an average of 16 hours. On the longer routes it has been found possible to discon tinue excess postage. The post master general is convinced that mail by afr is no longer an experiment. A NEW PAGE TRUTH is stranger than fiction. No writer has produced a soenarlo with a plot equal to that in which ?6500 was taken from the Aurora bank. No short story writer has woven a web of thrills more ex traordinary and yet within the actual possibilities of human conduct. Here was a divorced wife who longed for return to her former hus band. Here was a mother who ever saw before her eyes the pictures of her two children. Money, in her thought, was the means of restora tion and reunion. In her temporary employment in the bank she saw 150 to 1100 bank bills. On those bills, perhaps, she saw the pictures of the reunited home and of the faces of her children. With the longing ,and the impulse tugging at her heart strings, she yielded. But she was caught, and before her is the condemnation of the law. Over there is the court, and the lawyers and the Jury, and the sheriff. And there is 'the commandment In the great Book, "Thou shalt not steal." ' It Is a 'page out of the book of real life a new page; a page extraordi nary. It Is a page about a woman's heart .and children and a home. It is a happening of a kind in which many of us have never been involved and concerning which it is difficult for us to pass Judgment. And until we know more about a mother's yearn Ings for Iter Babies, which of us is in position jo condemn those who hold that justice should be tempered with mercy? The prediction that gasoline Is soon going on up, that the petroleum supply of America will not prove sufficient for our navy and that Im pending high prices reveal a real shortage and not a profiteer fill buster are all facts that support former Secretary of the Interior Lane's appeal for national economy In the carrying and use of petroleum products from the well to the fire box or the cylinder's explosion chamber. But our great difficulty Is to believe that a supply which was sufficient to bujld up the great est of modern fortunes should dl mlnish so rapidly that prices must skyrocket In order to maintain the feudal baronies of the petroleum princes. THE PORT MERGER T HE consolidation of Portland's port bodies is highly to bo de sired. A merger of the port com mission and the dock commission would result in economy. It should reduce administrative costs and short en the salary lists. More Important,-the merger should permit the adoption and actual ap plication of a uniform polioy of port development. The arbitrary division which says that the duty of the port commission is confined to the main tenance of the channel and the task of the dock commission exclusively related to the construction and oper atlon of the terminal structures is unnatural. Functions Inevitably over lap. But passing by the abundant argu ments In favor of the consolidation we come to the more tedious ques tion of method. The committee of i5 Is reported as recommending that the Port of Port land take over the property and debts of the dock commission. Without question the very proposal will raise up debaters declaring that the reverse means should be -employed and that the dock commission should absorb the Port of Portland. If the question reaches dispute stage something may be said on both sides The Port of Portland commission for Instance, is. a creature of the state legislature. The boundaries of the port district are not co-extenslve with the boundaries of the city. The commission Is to greater or less' de gree independent of the sentlmen and the official authority of Portland The personnel of the commission' Is subject to political Juggling at legis lative sessions. Those truiet Interests mat snow exactly what they, want and how to attain their desires look to a distant, and, perhaps Influenced legislative appointment more hope fully than to a more local appoint ment or election. .... If the port com mission should swallow the dock commission it would mean we sur rendering of properties In which the people of the city have Invested mil lions and to which they look- hope fully as utilities, for the building of desired commerce. But on the other hand, the dock commission's powers are in large measure confined within the "corpor ate limits of the city. It is a sub ordinate body, reporting to the coun cil. Its members appointed by the mayor, and the appointments have not always been with close reference to the port and maritime knowledge of the appointees. WTille a state enactment and, possibly,' a Portland ote would be necessary in the sur render of the dock commission's au thority and property, it is difficult to say what would be the nature and complexity of the amendments, meas ures and ordinances required to vest he dock commission with powers af fecting operations from Portland to lie sea. The consolidation of the port and dock commissions is a thing to be desired. But the thing that has de- ayed the merger until the present time and renders it a tedious task for the future is that ever recurrent question, as to which is to swallow the other. The formulation of a satisfactory plan is a work, which If performed by the two commissions' ivic committees or others, should win the gratitude of Portland. But no plan will be acceptable, no matter ow fair on its face, if developed in secret behind closed doors. It Is the people's business and should be done in full view of the public. Muslo Is "the common denomina tor of a community's recreation Most girls go wrong because they do not have an opportunity to go right. People's need of fun is as great as their need for food and exercise. Such are the arguments with -which the Community Service association, successor to War Camp Community service, prefaces its ap peal for a large supporting mem bership In Portland. If community service in teaching prosy men and women how to sing and play can make Portland happier and more friendly, it should have its chance. A FIRST DISADVANTAGE A NNOUNCEMENT has been made by the Great Northern that, com mencing March 16, Its trains will discontinue use of the Union station and again be routed In and out of the. Hill depot at Hoyt street. It is a change that will be regretted by the traveling public because it will work inconvenience, and, oftentimes, delay upon them. Whatever may have been alleged as disadvantages of government opera tion of the rail lines of the country there can be no question that it brought at least two distinct and much appreciated advantages to those who travel, whether for pleasure or of necessity. One of these was the consolidation of the ticket selling agencies -of the various systems into one office: the other was the unioni zation of terminal stations Insofar as that was possible or feasible. There are no operating reasons In Portland at least why these two Im provements could not be continued. It would undoubtedly be in the inter est of the traveling public. The Union station is here, and it could be used by all steam lines serving the city provided the various companies would get together and agree upon a plan- It would cause their patrons to feel a lot more kindly towards them if that Is an incident In the operation of a railroad business. POOR HICKSON D R. WILLIAM J. HICKSON, head of Chicago's psychopathlo labora tory, is In an awful stew. He fears that "the decadence of the nation can only result from the as cendency gained by women In affairs." Dr. Hickson is. of course, a psycho path, or he would not hold the job he has. Being a psychopath It wojuld naturally seem to rollow as a matter of reason that he is psychopathic, or his soul would not be attuned to his dally task. The dictionary says that an individual so endowed possessess "abnormal sensitiveness to spiritual phenomena, characterized by extreme susceptibility to religious emotion. conscientious doubts and fears or sub ject to hallucinatory Ideas In . such matters." So, it would seem that the doctor is in an awful fix as well as in an awful stew. Dr. Hickson contends that "the women have secured the drop on the men in this country" which may or may not be a hallucination, according to the vantage point from which our circumstanced, marital or otherwise, lead us to view the statement. He goes on to mourn because "the nation has put its head . in the noose of Puritanism" from which he deduces that "degeneration of individual and national fiber is inevitable." Dr Hickson next seems to let the thirsty cat out.of the bag by. remark ing that "prohibition Is typical of the modern puritan mania. So also. he argues, are "church movements" which he points out with prohibi tion and AWlth the so-called high standard of morality result in a de terioration of masculine physical and mentaTvirillty "American pep," he grieves, "which was the result of a tnascullne-domlnated - country, soon will be a thing of the past" Without questioning the doctor's J diction , it may Just be possible., that he meant "Jazz'? when he said "pep." Jazz and gin ricktes shimmle along to gether In pretty good shape, but when you take the gin oat of the rickles it seems to take the zizx out of the Jazz. It may be possible, of course, that man "is taking second place" In the race of life in this country, but it is to be doubted If that is so much be cause the segment of society Is losing its American pep. It may be that some of the conventional hobbles having been taken off our sisters they are outfootlng us a little bit, pep and alL But, be that as It may, It Is difficult for those of us who are not endowed with psychopathlo temperaments to conclude that our fiber, either indi vidually or nationally, is going to de generate because we have ceased to soak it in alcohol, and have begun to trundle it into the path of "church movements" now' and then, or to ele vate it upon a "high moral standard" above the gutters and the deadfalls we used to have about us. It may be, as Dr. Hickson complains, that "the nation has put Its head In the noose of puritanism," but even so, It will have to hold its head up a little higher among its neighbors than of yore, or choke. Dr. Hickson talks like he was choking now. Chok ing seems to have been a common pastime with 'many of us since the ides of last January. BONUS PLANS VARY WIDELY By Carl Smith, Washington Staff Correspondent of The Journal Washington, March 13. UnuBual heat and disorder have developed at the hear ings conducted by the ways and means committee of the house on the question 6f paying in some form a bonus to sol diers of the war with Germany. Dele gations of the American Legion and of the Veterans of Foreign Wars have clashed and Chairman Fordney has at times found it difficult to maintain or der. Some members of the committee joined in these exchanges and with five or six talking at once the official re porter of the proceedings 4ost out al together. It is apparent that the com mittee Itself represents several shades of opinion. There are advocates Of an outright bonus, there are others more disposed to provision for farms or homes, and still others who think it inadvisable to proceed with legislation at this time. Four leading Democratic members of the committee, former Chairman Claude Kitchin of North Carolina. Henry W. ' Ralney of Illinois, Cordell Hull of Ten nessee and John W. Garner-of Texas, are considered aligned with the opposi tion, from the lines of questioning they have pursued, and apparently will be supported In this position by Nicholas Longworth of Ohio, the third Republican in rank. The Veterans of Foreign Wars have so far presented the most complete pro gram. They propose 830 a month bonus for each month of service, excluding those who served less than two months and those whose pay was more than $60 a month, with a minimum payment of 1240 for those who served as much as two months, an additional $100 for those who served overseas and also federal aid In the purchase of homes. On the other side of the ledger they propose a surtax on all Incomes over 850,000 a year, reaching- to ? per cent for incomes of $1,000,000. This is estimated to yield $200,000,000 a year to cover interest on bonds and to create a sinking fund for their retirement. ... Their plan is midway between that of the American Legion and that of the organization of private soldiers, sailors and marines. ""The Legion has suggested a service bonus of $50 a month. Including officers, who would be excluded by the others. As alterna tive plans the Legion committee suggest ed aid in farm purchases, city homes or vocational training for unwounded men. The Legion made no suggestion for meeting the expense. The organization of private soldiers, sailors and marines indorses the payment of a flat sum of $500 to each man, and to meet the cost a surtax on all Incomes in excess of 810,000, retroactive to the year 1915. It is their contention that $12,000,000,000 was made by war profiteers before the United States entered the war, or five times more than enough to defray the expense. Differences in the recommendations made by the soldier organizations hae led to the suggestion that the matter be held in abeyance until the soldiers reach a common basis of agreement. This Is resented by some of the soldier representatives as an effort to send them away empty handed and indefinitely de lay the payments. Here Is Where You Meet Friends of Far Distant Days in Corvallis Ancient Newspaper Files Show Who Were Doing the Business Fifty Years Ago. To look over the files of the Corvallis Gazette of 60 years ago gives ne a most accurate picture of the times when tnose who are today the rrtty haired pioneers of Oregon were boys and glrla ii gives one also a picture of a Corval lls that was in contrast with the Cor vallls of today. It tells the history of the changing times and of the transi tion from horsepower to motor vehicles. No longer do you see the advertisements, as you did in those days, of gold dust bought; of gunsmiths; of hairdressers. The advertisements of the harness mak ers, blacksmiths, livery stables and stage companies have given way to the ads of the agents for autos, trucks and automobile accessories. Though most of the old time merchants of Corvallis have crossed the divide, yet the old names linger on the signs as the sons and grandsons have succeeded to the business. a Take a retrospective glance of the Cor- valUa of a half century ago, for example. midsummer of 1867, and then walk down the street of the Corvallis of today and notice the firm names. Tou wiU see many names still familiar. Here In 1887 is the sign of Gujtav Hodes. gun smith. Hodee' gun store is still one of the business institutions of Corvallis, Here Is the Corvallls Gazette, run by William B. Carter, which is still, as In those days, one of the leading factors of the city. Souther & Allen's drug store is now Allen's drug store. On that June day, more than half a centary ago. 3. It- Bay ley, Francis A. Cbenowlth, Eramus Holgate. John Kelsay,,T. B. Odeneal, Reuben H. Strahan. and Thayer A Bur nett represented the legal profession of Corvallls. Milton Canterbury, Lee & Sharpies, James W. Murray. Taylor M. Snow and T. J. Wright were the physi cians.1 W.' A. Flnley was president of Corvallis college and pastor of the Meth od i at Episcopal church, South,- Join James was pastor of the Methodist EDis copal church. A.-V -llcCarty of the Christian and Richard Willy of the Presbyterian. Henry L Day, J. H. Stew art. Hunt Blcket and A. Ft- UeCon-i nell kept saloona Andrews A Stair and William Dyer ran butcher shops. Bloom, ! Moscowlts Co.. Cohn h. Falk. Fox Bros.. C. H. Friendly. H. E. Harris. I K. Kline, Jacobs u Neugass, J. O. Krelchbaam, T)umpso A ' Eglin and Walters St Clark were handling general merchandise. Simmons A Kiger and W. A. Wella ran livery sublet Brtggs ft Preston, Peter Couglan. Joe Gerhard, Adam Holder and Knight tt Titus had blacksmith shops. James M. Chlsham, Andrew Purdy and Francis Matthews were wagonmakera. W. A. Emrlck operated a factory for the manufacture of saddletrees. Ernest Fisher And Hiram Flicklneer made and sold harness. J. O. Adama waa a sign painter. E. S. Altree had a flour mill and bakery. Louis Bel- flls and Joseph Bidder were watchmak ers. S. H. Bernard and 11- Q. Dill were coopers, William Fliedner was a hair dresser and John Herrbold was a dent ist. Oaylord Swick had a sash and door factory. Robert T. McCune and Henry Harris ran sawmills. Houghton ft I lannett operated a tannery. David Ir vin made boots and shoes. . Walter Mc Farland had a hardware store. Temple ton At Foster were, photographers. R. M. Thompson was postmaster. Today Corvallls has a greater popula tion than the whole of Benton county had half a century ago. The develop ment that will occur durins; the next half century in Corvallls. in Benton county and in the Willamette valley is tta far beyond what we of today can foresee that were we able to unroll the future and see the Oregon of 1970 our most optimistic and roBeate forecast of today would not come anywhere near the facts. Letters From the People ( Commuiiicatinns sent to Tha Journal fcr publication te thia department ahould Be written on only on tide of the paper, ihooid not ece. 800 wcrdu in lencth nd must be ifnd fil tha writer, whoaa mail addreaa Ut full miut accom pany tha cpDtribution. Wants Vote on Zoning Ordinance Portland. March 10. To the Editor of The Journal In regard to the zoning ordinance I beg to say I do not believe tnat one person in 100 knows what It is or what it means, and I am honest to confess that I do not know myself, hav ing had no time to attend meetings where, I understand. It has been dis cussed. But I have heard enough about it to know that it is a question that should be settled by a vote of the peo ple, and in no other way. regardless of what Mayor Baker or a few commission ers think to the contrary. Every prop erty owner should have a voice In such vital questions and I sincerely hope The Journal will see It in this light and.be with the people. E. T. MANN. Wants a Declaration From Hoover Portland. March 10. To the Editor of The Journal Ex-Governor West, it ap pears, is acting sponsor for the candi dacy of Herbert Hoover for president. The Inquiry arises. Has he Inside knowl edge of Hoover's political bias, past and present? If so. is it authoritative or guesswork 7 The views and bias of a private citizen cannot be called, in ques tion, so long as he holds them in secret, but if he presumes to aspire to leader ship and seeks positions of trust or leadership, the public has the right to demand explicit showing of his fitness, including policies and personal bias, as well as ability. The voters are not in clined to accept a pig in a poke. The governor claims that .Hoover Is a Democrat. Is he a flopper. like Colby and Crane, whose-minds are on a level vith that of President Wilson? As to Hoover's stand, claiming not to be a candidate, he belittles hlm8e,f by not frankly declaring his party affiliation, instead of adroitly posing so as to flop to the party that will give him the nom ination. His pleading unsettled condi tions, dependent, upon lines of progres sive development, is flimsy artel beneath the dignity of statesmanship. Political progressiveness as exempli fied In the last eight years is like that , of the crawfisli backward. I have great personal respect for Hoover, from the little I know of him, but I Want, and think the public de mands, frank and explicitly dependable statements on all lines of public policies. W. ti. JD.i. Queries Portland. March 9. To the Editor of The Journal Kindly inform me whether it Is permissible to send a catalogue through the mails showing prices on dry goods from this country to some European country, or not ; also, to whom should one write In regard to taking out final citizenship papers in this state? A DAILY READER. f Th first aUMtlon ia not stated fully enouah to make it pouible to anrwer it with aaeuranee. The inquirer would do well to apply st the poatoffiee. The county clerk, at tha Multnomah county courthouae. haa charge of naturalization matters. Apple to him The Payer of the Taxes Vancouver, Wash., Feb. IS. To the Editor of The Journal If your Seaside correspondent who suggests a means of taxing capital were a student or econom ic! ha would realize that capital cannot be taxed, more than could be the erst while saloon. The saloon could not be taxed; its patrons paid all the taxes levied againat it. , Not this alone, but they paid for the silks and diamonds worn by the owner's wife. In like man ner labor pays the capitalist's taxes. It also builds and furnishes his mansion, constructs and mans his steam yacht, pays for his automobiles and keeps them up. feeds his flunkeys, dogs and guests, and subsidizes the foreign numskulls who marry his dollars. Productive labor pays all the bills, ana the parasite, whether he be capitalist or booe-vender. Is but a medium through which taxes are collected. .EX-SERVICE MAN. Congressional. Investigations Portland, March 6. To the Editor of The Journal For manufacturing politi cal capital our congressional Investiga tions axe certainly the real thing. The public looks for real Justice, but Instead receives partisan defense of and partisan accusations against the administration. What both party organizations are look ing for lS "hot Stuff to Use as cam paign material. Think of-it! Campaign material, based on no "purposeful search for facts. In times like these, when the IrwJus ttial population Is crying for remedies for the increasing cost of living and as piring to better conditions of life and labor, to see our great national legis lature indulging In long-drawn har angues, now and then putting over some ready made legislation that savors of granting of special favors to the few at the expense of the many, should be the criterion by which all intelligent voters will go to the polls and vote those po litical non-statesmen to a life of repent ant solitude. RALPH I WALTER. Curious Bits of. Information For the Curious Gleaned From Curious Places Maize, or Indian corn, In its present form, represents one of the great achievements of primitive planters, the North American Indian, says Robert II. Moulton in Popular -Mechanics. It came originally from Southern Mexico, and waa eaten by the Maya tribes. Ai first it was nothing but a coarse grass, op which were tiny cars - resembling -the COMMENT AND SMALL CHANGE Chare B Clark refnsea to run tar nrl. dent Next a a The oueation "Who's TTrt l . . become 'What'a Hoover 7 - r- " ' . Secretary Daniels, we note, la among the latest to 'View with alarm," It seems to be quite the favorite - indoor sport Just now. f v If "Billy" Sunday could win rwiltticnl converts as- effectively as he can re ligious converts, he might be -elected president, at that. . . . If no woman ever married except for love, a lot of homelv men wmiM H making less noise than they make about uie cost oi living. fee Kansas has had a "million dollar rain. And if Kansans need, any more of the same kind, all they Aave to do is come to Oregon. . There's some incentive towards the diplomatic corps now that it has been decided that diplomats may keep their liquor stores with them. With a new lumber mill promised St Johns, and Vancouver interested in the possibility of paper mill activities, things in general around these parts seem to be milling most lively. - MORE OR LESS PERSONAL Random Observations About Town C. Y. Tengwald, Medford orchardfst and active in the organisation of the "Lowden for President" club- in that city, was in Portland Thursday to take lunch with local Lowden enthusiasts Lowden sentiment is growing steadily throughout Southern Oregon, according to the statement of Tengwald, who de clares he is entirely satisfied with the reports from Middle West and East, where, he claims, steady gains for Low den are evidenced. "Indicating that sentiment for Lowden's candidacy is crystallizing here as it is elsewhere," Tengwald said, "there are already Low- den clubs at Klamath Falls. Ashland and Medford. If Henri Thlele, the Benson hotel's chubby little chef, should appear one of these days without that dainty little beard that adorns his double chin It will be all the fault of a new trench mirror, relic of war days, that a friend wished on him. Many otherwise mysterious "wounds" on the faces of soldiers were accounted for by the fact that they shaved before a trench mirror, and In spite of his personal knowledge of that fact George Underwood, f com a vantage point behind the Benson desk, urges Henri with all the enthusiasm of a re turned soldier, to use the mirror. ? - W. W. Cryder, until now supervisor of the Umatilla national forest, has been transferred to the Malhaur reserve. His successor on the Umatilla forest is Su pervisor John C. Kuhns. John Tait, whose laundry at Astoria does most of the washing for the com munity, is registered at the Multnomah hotel. There also is C. B. Foster, chief of the Astoria fire department. e e To Royal M. Saw telle of Pendleton are confided, in the course of the business day, some of the most tender secrets of the bashful swains of Umatilla county. For Sawtelle presides over the affairs of one of Pendleton's leading Jewelry stores, which dispenses lustrous dia monds to the lovelorn young ranchers and others. He is a guest at the Port land while in Portland on a business trip. C. L. Carlisle, a field worker for the United States public health service. Is transacting official business in Portland and while here is stopping at the Seward hotel. M. Vernon Parsons, whose aspirations for election as secretary of state to suc ceed Governor Olcott are aided and IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS OF THE JOURNAL MAN By Fred Lockley Ben Jrren i today farther reported by Mr. Lockley Jerrell ia a moonshiner now earring antnca. He discusses his trada from that trade's standpoint, but personally reprobates the use of pooze, and t more 10 the use of drugs. Solomon must have been thinking of the bootleggers when he wrote, "In the revenues of the wicked Is trouble, and he that is greedy of gain troubleth his own house." A day or so ago a govern ment official took me through the "still room" at the custorrtfhouse and later through the "moonshine" department. In a large room we saw S scores of stills of every description. There were stills made from wash boilers, tea ketteles. slopjars, churns and 10-gallon milk cans, and some beautifully made stills with a capacity of 60 gallona In principle they were all alike, despite their wide vari ation of construction. The can had a dome from which ran the gooseneck which connected with the worm or cop per coll running through receptacle containing cold water. One of the stills had an Iron worm in place of a copper worm. Pointing to It, I asked my guide If the iron worm served the purpose as well as the copper worm. "Yes. you can make moonshine whiskey with the Iron worm, all right," he responded, "only when Iron or galvanised Iron is used arsenate crystala are formed and you are apt to die young. I asked a boot legger we caught the other day If he didn't know that the rum he was mak ing from corn syrup and "nitric acid would eat holes in the stomach of the man who drank it. He said. "Hell, yes ; but I ain't figuring on drinking it. I make it to sell, and I should worry if It eats holes in the other fellow's in sidea " a a a Ben Jarrell. who Is spending a year at the courthouse here in Portland as a guest of the county, is known to the revenue officers as "King of the Moon shiners." A day or so ago we were talk ing about the Injurious effects of the vile concoctions made here and sold as llhuor. "The trouble is," said Jarrell. "that you folks out here don't know how to make real moonshine or, if you do know how, you have no sense of honor or top of the wheat stalk. . The plant is essentially tropical and, despite cen turies of culture in the temperate tone, is stlU sensitive to frost- The tribes of North America saw the possibilities of the grain and hastened Its evolution. There has been crossbreeding by white farmers, yet, as a matter of fact, the corn culture of the present day is prac ticaUy as It came from the hand of the Indian. He had adapated and modified it to various sections of the country by a process of careful selection- $ Uncle Jeff Snow Says: Charlie Dellflat assured his aunt t'other day he was goin' to have ijis new set of twins christened Carburetla and Sparkplug, 'cause they both give him so much trouble. The 'old lady told him if he ever done such a heathenish thing she'd cut the whole Dellflat fajjj'ly dead. t . : ' ' - NEWS IN BRIEF SIDELIGHTS Spring ts believed to have come to Durkee. as buttercups are in bloom and the robins are there. It is reported that at Crater Ike there Is now but 3ty feet of snow, com pared with 13H feet at (he same time last year. a. a Contract for the building of six con crete -bridges in various parts of Hood River county were let recently at $7864. The contract calls for completion within three months. : The shortage of cars at Baker for ship ping lumber became less serious, the Democrat says, when a long train of logging cars was received by-the Baker White Pine Lumber company a few days ago. 'a a The quarantine officers of La Grande, the Observer slates, report all ilu signs taken down, but there seems to be an epidemic of umallpot going the round. and several residences are quarantined for that cause. For the first time in 12 years, the Baker Democrat Hays, ihe Baker county jainnas naa no occupants ror rive con secutive days. "Hard times are always noticed when the cells are crowded, hut prosperity for all gives no excuse for crime, therefore the county may con gratulate itself for the present record," is the Democrat's comment. abetted by an enthusiastic campaign lie has launched' for himself, is a guest at the Perkins hotel while In Portland to tell his friends what a good secretary of state he would make. Parsons' home is at Eugene. ' ... Walter M Pierce, state senator for Union and Wallowa counties, resident of I-a Grande and prominent in Eastern Oregon development activity, is so journing at the Imperial hotH during one of his frequent Visits in Portland. Pierce is one of the three good Demo crats in the state senate, each of whom. oddly enough, represents a progressive Eastern Oregon constituency. The others are George T. Baldwin, Benator from Crook, Deschutes, Jefferson, Klamath and Lake counties, and W. H. Strayer of Baker, Benator from Baker county Mr. and Mrs. George A. Jones and Mr. and Mrs. Edward Leacock of Bend compose a party of Portland visitors stopping at the Portland hotel while In the city. Nineteen miles west of Clatskanie, on the Xelialem river, and within Clatsop county, is vesper, , home of Mm. E Gulstlna, who Is at the Oregon hotel while visiting in Portland. Vesper being 19 miles from the railroad. Isn't a metropolis by any means, but It Is a business place, nevertheless, and has a payroll. John H. McNary, brother of Oregon's junior United States senator and an at torney at Salem in his own riuht. is in Portland on a business trip, stopping at the Seward hotel. m R. P. Anderson. W. D. Pierce and II. M. Reiff are Baker, Or., citizens regis tered at Portland hotels. The two for mer are at the Imperial while Reiff is at the Benson. a Little Medicine, Wyo.. is the home of Mr. and Mrs. J. 8. Burnett, who are guests at the Mul(nomah hotel during a brief stay in Portland. If a few mil lion gallons of Oregon's mist could be transferred each year to the country around Little Medicine there would be a wealth of verdure on the plains there that would rival the Garden of Eden, It la said. Mr. and Mrs. C. A. McKiUop, whose confectionery factory and retail store at Corvallls help to supply the demands of the sweet tooth of the Oregon Agri cultural college student body, are visit ing at the Multnomah hotel. feeling of humanity, or you wouldn't make the horrible stuff that Is being sold as whiskey. Oown south, where we have been making moonshine since be fore the Revolutionary war. the knowl edge is handed down from father to son. I have been maklr.g It down in North Carolina since I came of age. and the price -we get for thft best grade there ts from $1 to $1.50 a gallon. Out .here the horrible stuff they ;make sells for from 110 to $12 a quart. The men making It ought to be sent up, not for making moonshine, but for! making such harm ful substitutes and selling them aa gen uine moonshine. ; a je a "What do I think of whiskey? Well, you 'can tell what I think of it when I sell you that I never let the men work ing for me drink a drop of it, and I very rarely take any myself, . A man making moonshine must only Employ men of the utmost discretion, and a man who drinks Is not discreet. I have seen too much of the effects of liquor not to know that it Is bad and wrecks more lives than anything else but dope. These drug users get my goat. That is worse than liquor drinking. I should think they would prohibit the manufacture of these nerve wrackjng, soul destroying drugs. A man is worthless who Is mas tered by drink. The best way is not to drink at all. for ih the end liquor is pretty apt to get you and wreck your family, your fortune and your health. That is why I let $t alone. Looks like the government, though, would abolish the manufacture of; drugs, for they are a heap worse than ljquor. bad as that la. i "How did I happen to come out to Ore gon and get caught making moonshine? 1 was running a etore back home and was too easy, giving credit to the folks I had been raised with. I couldn't bear to turn them down When they said, 'Just charge It.' I finally got In debt over $8000. I can't abide not being able to setUe my obligations, so I came out here to make some blgitnoney quick to -get my debts cleaned up. I figured if the people out here were bound to get whis key I would furnish it to them and I would he doing them a good turn by making la high grade of genuine moon shine instead of the hair oil, varnish and pain killers they were using. But the officers didn't agree: with me ; so here I am." Olden Oreeon Heavy Immigration inlS47. Following Boundary Settlement. Following the settlement of the boundary question In 1846, the Immigra tion of 1847 was heavy, numbering be tween 4000 and 6000 persons. They began arriving at The Dalles as early as the latter part of August and con tinued to come until November, when 200 wagons were still on the eastern side of the mountains. Every expedition by wagon had been attended with loss and suffering. The foremost companies exhausted the grass, forcing those In the rear to delay In order to recruit their stock. Many of the prospective settlers died of an epidemic called black measles. In addition the Indians were troublesome between the- lu moun tains and The Dallea, The .Oregon Country "Norll.-eit Happeninn in Brief fvtm tut tbt Biujr ttaadar OREGON NOTES ,A.v,frous campaign has been started ; in Jackson county against violation of the game lawn. - Thri"' district attorney helr couuty. has filed his candl dacy for reelection. nfw J'vci for the price of timber V?, .th' 8u,e of a n't of 1 acres f in Clatriop county for J60.0OO. jft nan i1," bPen .rlfl at Salem for i Vj 'M rr" ,,ps wnlon re to be planted at Sartlls. British Columbia. The entire mortgage cf $21,000 that In Baker county lor. 10 years has been An intensive salting and range man agement plan hns been adopted by the North Powder Cattle and Horse Rais ers' association. While influenza is on the wane In town it is said to be gaining In the up per Hood river valley sei-tion around Parkdale. John E. Churchill of Hosehura- has been arrested at Los Angeles on the charge of wife desertion and non sup port. A Inrjre riuantltv of TNT allotted to the stato highway commission by the W'ar department hus bei'n nrdnrmi shipped from Camp Lewis. The llosehmc nnat of tliA iniplfun Legion will Midfavor to have Robert Rlsle transferred from the state insane asylum to a government hospital. The city council of Kuekhc hus nrl noted an ordinance providing lor the paving' of Twelfth avenue from Ouk to Klncald streets In front of the university campus. A total of Ii04 applli-iiHonH for real entate licenses fur lao have been re ceived at the Male Insurance depart ment. The number, last year was 1537. Alumni of the University of Oregon nt Hend are planning to (?lve a reception and dance In honor of the University Olee club which gives a concert at Bend Ma nil 30. Indications are that Douglas county stockmen will win their fight for a res toration of the former rate on mixed carload ehipmeius of livestock to the Portland market. Penitentiary dTfielals have received word that A. B. Foster, who escaned from the state tuberculoHis hospital, (mi 1 been seen at Seattle and was evidently ! uii ins y 10 mo i niiuiuan Doraer. Steps have been taken at Oregon City for the improvement of the road con nectlng the Clackamas county seat with the Capital highway through Willam ette and Tualatin. Ian b WASHINGTON Bids will be opened ul Chehftlls Marrh 22 for the paving of a 18 foot road be tween Wlnloi k and Cowliti prairie. Nearly X50.000 has been paid Into the office of the Clarke county auditor ho far this season for motor vehicle li censes. Erection of a community building In Centralla an a memorial to the victims ' of tiie Armistice day shooting Is being urged. More than 2&00 citizens of Yakima ; have filed their Income tax returns. The .iciuuiB biiuw an increase oi au per cent, over last year. According to C. L. Robinson, district horticultural lnHpector' at Yakima, the December freeze did not kill insect pests. He advises spraying as usual. Preparations are under way at Walla Walla for the trial of three alleged t. W. W. now In jail on the churge of vio lating the state syndicalism law. M . F Oose. former supreme Judpe. haa been nominated for state senator by lh Republicans of the district comprising Columbia, Asotin and Garfield counties. From SO' to 90 acres of berries w ill be planted this spring in Chehalls and within a short distance of the city limits. in all In the country tributary to Che halls from 250 to 260 acres will be planted. The new sawmill has begun operations at MontOHano. At present It will be run by a shift of 75 men, but a second shift will he put on whrn five machinery runs smoothly. The cost of the new mill waa approximately $2-0.000. The Yakima county commissioners have passed an order creating the Roa- Ilenton Irrigation district. Water will be taken out of the Yakima river near Hosa to serve approximately 64,000 acres In the territory below Union gap. Wenatchee school district officials are In doubt as to whether the proposition to ' Increase the school tax levy from 10 to 20 mills has been leKHlly carried. Ona section of the law requires a three-fifths majority, another section li satisfied with a bare majority. IDAHO Recruiting has been begun' at NamD for the organization of a cavalry troop. tb. Building permits- amounting to $41,800 were Issued during February. N O Thompson has been elected mayor of Buhl by the city council, to succeed C. II. McQuown. resinned. Articles of Incorporation of the Ramey Waste Ditch company of Frultland have been approved by the secretary of state. The big new rock cruher for the Moscow highway district has been In Stalled near town and soon will begin the work of crushing rock. A plan Is being considered by the state highway officials to build the bride across Snake river between Caldwell and Nam pa by force account. Total deposits In the four national bank- of Boise amount to $16,813,000. The total shown by the previous report, December 31, 1919. was IK,.63,00O. Idaho stream measurements made by state and federal agencies during the past six years are now available to pub lic use, according to the annual report or the state reclamation commissioner. The Journal Led the Fight That Established Direct Election of Senators In 1906 The Journal began a deter mined fight for the election of legis lative candidates who had subscribed to Statement 1. This fight was made for the purpose of Insuring to the people the power of electing their senators. The fight was carried on all over the state under The Journal's leadership. It resulted n the elec tion of a majority of legislators pledged to Statement I. The old Re publican machine and the opponents of the popular election of senators thereupon began a fight to Induce the legislators pledged to Statement 1 to go back on their word. This was fought vigorously by The Journal with the election in 1S07 of Jonathan Bourne, who had received he popular vote in the election of the preceding June. An editorial comment on March 10, this year, the occasion being The Journal's eighteenth birthday, helps understand more clearly the meaning of this fight In behalf pf the public. It. reads in part: "For seven years the struggle raged over Statement 1. ' Just before the end1 of the long conflict the Oregonlan led a movement to restore the old con vention system and kill Statement 1 under the name of the assembly. Politicians almost without, exception, the old political bosses, the thlm blerlggers and 'not a few henest peo ple who believed in the old order, were on one side, and masses of peo ple who wanted government cleansed and the old rottenness overthrown were on the other. From the moment of its birth The Journal took the side of those who wanted crooked politicians and crooked men driven out of control in this state. It de fended Statement 1 in the time when other newspapers and the politicians seemed on the verge of destroying it, and lived to see the plan adopted In Oregon"1 lead finally to. adoption of direct election of senators, in the na tion." ' '